A device for adding acid in a lithium extraction process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of in the process of extracting lithium, and give acid device, including acid supply cup and atomizing cup, the inside of acid supply cup is provided with acid supply spiral flow channel, the bottom end of acid supply spiral flow channel is provided with acid inlet, the top of acid supply spiral flow channel is provided with acid outlet;Acid supply cup is externally equipped with preheating sleeve, the inside of preheating sleeve is provided with preheating spiral flow channel, the top of preheating spiral flow channel is provided with tail gas inlet, the bottom end of preheating spiral flow channel is provided with tail gas outlet;Atomizing cup is provided with atomizing cavity in the inside, the top of atomizing cavity is provided with atomizing inlet connected with acid outlet, the bottom of atomizing cavity is provided with atomizing outlet;Atomizing flow channel is arranged on the sidewall of atomizing cup, one end of atomizing flow channel is connected with tail gas outlet, the other end of atomizing flow channel is connected with atomizing cavity;The application can utilize tail gas waste heat to preheat acid liquor and then atomize acid supply, so that acid liquor can be more evenly and fully mixed with spodumene material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of lithium extraction acid feeding device, and relates to a lithium extraction acid feeding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the lithium extraction process, lithium spodumene materials are mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid by a mixing acid machine to form acid roasting materials, and then the acid roasting materials are subjected to high-temperature roasting. In the existing acid mixing process, an acid supply pipeline or an acid supply nozzle is usually arranged in the acid mixing cylinder of the mixing acid machine, and then the acid liquid is directly injected into the inside of the acid mixing cylinder. However, the existing acid feeding device has the defect that it cannot guarantee that the acid liquid and the lithium spodumene materials are fully and uniformly mixed. At the same time, since the initial temperature of the acid liquid is low and the temperature in the acid mixing cylinder is usually as high as 800-1000 DEG C, the low-temperature acid liquid will boil when it is directly injected into the acid mixing cylinder, which makes it difficult to fully mix with the lithium spodumene materials, and also increases the occurrence of ring formation. Therefore, how to reduce the temperature difference between the acid liquid and the acid mixing cylinder and guarantee that the acid liquid and the lithium spodumene materials are fully and uniformly mixed is a problem that needs to be solved in the existing lithium extraction process.

[0003] In addition, when the acid liquid enters the atomizing cavity, the flow rate is too fast, which will cause the pressure in the atomizing cavity to suddenly rise, accidents are prone to occur, the strong corrosion of concentrated sulfuric acid will cause acid corrosion to the internal parts of the device, and the service life of the device will be affected.

[0004] In actual production, the high-temperature tail gas of the rotary kiln is directly treated and discharged, and the high-temperature tail gas cannot be fully utilized, which causes great waste of resources.

[0005] The present application discloses a lithium extraction acid feeding device to solve the problems of the existing acid feeding device, such as the inability to preheat the acid liquid, the inability to effectively guarantee the full atomization of the acid liquid, the existence of safety risks and the low energy utilization rate. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a lithium extraction acid feeding device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: including a supply cup and an atomizing cup, a center flow channel is arranged in the center of the supply cup along the axial direction thereof, a supply spiral flow channel is arranged around the center flow channel in the interior of the supply cup, an acid inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the supply spiral flow channel, an acid outlet is arranged at the top end of the supply spiral flow channel, and the acid outlet is connected with the top inlet of the center flow channel; a preheating sleeve is sleeved on the exterior of the supply cup, a preheating spiral flow channel is arranged in the interior of the preheating sleeve, a tail gas inlet is arranged at the top end of the preheating spiral flow channel, and a tail gas outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the preheating spiral flow channel; the atomizing cup is arranged at the bottom of the supply cup; an atomizing cavity is arranged in the interior of the atomizing cup, an atomizing inlet is arranged at the top of the atomizing cavity, and an atomizing outlet is arranged at the bottom of the atomizing cavity; an atomizing flow channel is arranged on the side wall of the atomizing cup, one end of the atomizing flow channel is connected with the tail gas outlet, and the other end of the atomizing flow channel is connected with the atomizing cavity; the atomizing cup is provided with a buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is funnel-shaped, the large end of the buffer cavity is connected with the bottom outlet of the center flow channel, and the small end of the buffer cavity is connected with the atomizing inlet; a plurality of through-flow cavities with diameters decreasing in sequence are sequentially arranged in the interior of the atomizing flow channel along the direction of air flow.

[0008] The acid inlet at the bottom end of the supply spiral flow channel is connected with the acid supply device through a pipeline, the acid outlet at the top end of the supply spiral flow channel is connected with the top end of the center flow channel of the supply cup, the bottom end of the center flow channel is connected with the atomizing inlet at the top of the atomizing cavity, and the atomizing outlet at the bottom of the atomizing cavity extends to the interior of the acid mixing cylinder. The tail gas inlet at the top of the preheating spiral flow channel in the interior of the preheating sleeve is connected with the tail gas chamber of the rotary kiln through a pipeline, and the tail gas outlet at the bottom of the preheating spiral flow channel in the interior of the preheating sleeve is connected with the inlet end of the atomizing flow channel through a pipeline.

[0009] When the lithium spodumene material needs to be mixed with acid, concentrated sulfuric acid is input into the supply spiral flow channel through the acid supply equipment, and the acid liquid spirally flows from bottom to top along the supply spiral flow channel. At the same time, the high-temperature tail gas in the tail gas chamber of the rotary kiln flows into the interior of the preheating spiral flow channel through a pipeline and flows from top to bottom along the preheating spiral flow channel. Then, the acid liquid and the high-temperature tail gas are subjected to mutual counter-flow heat exchange, so that the acid liquid is preheated and has a certain initial temperature before entering the atomizing cavity. After the preheated acid liquid enters the interior of the atomizing cavity, the acid liquid is atomized, and at the same time, the tail gas enters the atomizing cavity through the atomizing flow channel to impact the acid liquid. The acid liquid is rapidly atomized with the assistance of the high-temperature air flow, and the atomized acid liquid is sprayed into the interior of the acid mixing cylinder through the atomizing outlet at the bottom of the atomizing cavity and uniformly mixed with the lithium spodumene material.

[0010] The atomizing cup is provided with a buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is funnel-shaped, the large end of the buffer cavity is connected with the bottom outlet of the center flow channel, and the small end is connected with the atomizing inlet at the top end of the atomizing cavity; the acid liquid entering the atomizing cavity is pre-buffered to reduce the pressure of the acid liquid, so that the pressure of the acid liquid entering the atomizing cavity is not too high; and the inside of the atomizing flow channel is sequentially and communicatively provided with a plurality of through-flow cavities with diameters decreasing sequentially along the airflow direction.

[0011] Preferably, heat exchange fins are arranged between the acid supply spiral flow channel and the preheating spiral flow channel, one end of the heat exchange fins extends to the inside of the preheating spiral flow channel, and the other end of the heat exchange fins is in contact with the outer side wall of the acid supply spiral flow channel.

[0012] Preferably, a ceramic buffer sleeve is mounted in the buffer cavity, and the ceramic buffer sleeve is provided with a buffer port for the acid liquid to pass through and connect the bottom outlet of the center flow channel and the atomizing inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the acid inlet at the bottom end of the acid supply spiral flow channel is connected with an acid supply device through an acid inlet pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the acid inlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the tail gas inlet at the top end of the preheating spiral flow channel is connected with a rotary kiln tail gas chamber through a gas inlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a filter screen is arranged at the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The acid supply device of the present application is provided with an acid supply spiral flow channel in the inside of the acid supply cup, a preheating spiral flow channel is arranged in the inside of the preheating sleeve arranged outside the acid supply cup, the acid liquid is passed into the acid supply spiral flow channel from bottom to top, the high-temperature tail gas in the rotary kiln tail gas chamber is passed into the preheating spiral flow channel from top to bottom, the acid liquid and the high-temperature tail gas are subjected to mutual counter flow and are fully heat exchanged, so that the acid liquid is preheated, and the temperature difference between the acid liquid entering the acid mixing cylinder and the internal environment of the acid mixing cylinder is reduced; the "spiral" structure of the acid supply flow channel and the preheating flow channel increases the effective area of heat exchange, and improves the preheating effect.

[0019] (2) The acid feeding device disclosed by the application passes the heat-exchanged tail gas into the atomization flow channel on the side wall of the atomization cup, so that the tail gas enters the atomization cavity through the atomization flow channel to perform high-temperature flushing on the acid liquid in the atomization cavity, thereby assisting the atomization of the acid liquid, effectively improving the atomization degree of the acid liquid, and making the atomization of the acid liquid more uniform, thereby ensuring that the final acid liquid can be fully and uniformly mixed with the spodumene material after entering the mixed acid cylinder;

[0020] (3) The acid feeding device disclosed by the application utilizes the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas generated in the spodumene acidification roasting process twice to preheat and assist the atomization of the acid liquid, thereby realizing multiple reuse of energy, and simultaneously solving the problems of the existing acid feeding device, i.e., the acid liquid cannot be preheated, the atomization of the acid liquid cannot be effectively guaranteed, and the energy utilization rate is low, without adding other components;

[0021] (4) The top of the atomization cup of the acid feeding device is provided with a funnel-shaped buffer cavity, the large end of the buffer cavity is connected with the bottom outlet of the central flow channel, and the small end is connected with the atomization inlet at the top end of the atomization cavity, so that the buffer cavity pre-buffers the acid liquid entering the atomization cavity to reduce the pressure of the acid liquid and avoid the direct entry of the acid liquid into the atomization cavity with excessively high pressure;

[0022] Further, a detachable ceramic buffer sleeve is installed in the buffer cavity to buffer the acid liquid, and the buffer sleeve is replaced in time according to the actual consumption of the specific working condition in actual production, so as to effectively avoid the direct acid corrosion of the acid liquid on the buffer cavity, thereby prolonging the service life of the atomization cup and the entire acid feeding device; and the buffer cavity and the ceramic buffer sleeve are used in combination to form a buffer "double insurance", and in the combined use, the buffer cavity plays a temporary buffering role when the buffer sleeve is accidentally detached or damaged.

[0023] (5) The inside of the atomization flow channel is sequentially and communicatively provided with a plurality of through-flow cavities with diameters decreasing sequentially along the airflow direction. The high-temperature tail gas sequentially passes through the through-flow cavities through the atomization flow channel, and since the diameters of the through-flow cavities decrease sequentially, the high-temperature tail gas generates vibration, thereby making the high-temperature tail gas have a certain vibration energy when finally entering the atomization cavity, and thereby better assisting the atomization of the acid liquid, so that the atomization of the acid liquid is more sufficient and uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application; Figure 1

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application; Figure 1

[0027] Figure 4 ​​This is a schematic diagram of the acid supply spiral flow channel inside the acid supply cup.

[0028] Wherein: 1-Acid supply cup; 2-Atomizing cup; 3-Preheating jacket; 4-Ceramic buffer jacket; 100-Acid supply spiral flow channel; 200-Preheating spiral flow channel; 300-Atomizing chamber; 400-Atomizing flow channel; 500-Buffer chamber; 101-Heat exchange fins; 401-Flow passage chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] This embodiment includes an acid feeding device in a lithium extraction process, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes an acid supply cup 1 and an atomizing cup 2. The acid supply cup 1 has a central flow channel along its axial direction at its center. An acid supply spiral flow channel 100 is arranged inside the acid supply cup 1 around the central flow channel. The acid supply spiral flow channel 100 has an acid inlet at its bottom and an acid outlet at its top, which is connected to the top inlet of the central flow channel. A preheating sleeve 3 is fitted outside the acid supply cup 1. A preheating spiral flow channel 200 is arranged inside the preheating sleeve 3. The preheating spiral flow channel 200 has an exhaust gas inlet at its top and an exhaust gas outlet at its bottom. The atomizing cup 2 is located at the bottom of the acid supply cup 1. The atomizing cup 2 has a... The atomizing chamber 300 has an atomizing inlet at its top and an atomizing outlet at its bottom. An atomizing channel 400 is provided on the side wall of the atomizing cup 2, with one end connected to the exhaust outlet and the other end connected to the atomizing chamber 300. The atomizing cup 2 has a buffer chamber 500, which is funnel-shaped. The larger end of the buffer chamber 500 is connected to the bottom outlet of the central channel, and the smaller end is connected to the atomizing inlet. The interior of the atomizing channel 400 is sequentially connected with several flow passages 401 of progressively decreasing diameter along the airflow direction.

[0031] A preheating sleeve 3 is fitted around the outside of the acid supply cup 1. An atomizing cup 2 is fitted into the bottom of the acid supply cup 1, and a sealing gasket is provided between the bottom of the acid supply cup 1 and the top of the atomizing cup 2 to prevent acid leakage. The acid outlet at the bottom of the acid supply spiral channel 100 penetrates the outer wall of the acid supply cup 1 and is connected to the acid supply device through a pipeline. The interior of the preheating sleeve 3 is provided with a spiral preheating spiral channel 200. The exhaust gas inlet at the top of the preheating spiral channel 200 is connected to the exhaust gas chamber of the rotary kiln through a pipeline with an air pump, and the exhaust gas outlet at the bottom of the preheating spiral channel 200 is connected to the inlet of the atomizing channel 400 on the side wall of the atomizing cup 2 through a pipeline.

[0032] The acid supply device supplies acid liquid into the acid supply spiral flow channel 100, so that the acid liquid spirally flows from bottom to top along the acid supply spiral flow channel 100. At the same time, the high-temperature tail gas in the tail gas chamber spirally flows from top to bottom along the preheating spiral flow channel 200 under the driving of the gas pump, thereby realizing mutual counter-flow of the high-temperature tail gas and the acid liquid, so that the high-temperature tail gas and the acid liquid are fully heat-exchanged, and the acid liquid is preheated by using the heat of the high-temperature tail gas, so that the temperature of the acid liquid is increased to 60-80°C. Avoiding the phenomenon that the acid liquid with low temperature enters the acid mixing cylinder and instantaneously increases the temperature, so that the temperature jump range is too large, and the acid liquid and the spodumene material cannot be fully mixed to form a ring.

[0033] The preheated acid liquid enters the inside of the atomizing cavity of the atomizing cup 2, and the heat-exchanged tail gas continues to enter the atomizing flow channel 400 and then enters the atomizing cavity 300 through the atomizing flow channel 400. The acid liquid in the atomizing cavity 300 is impacted by the high-temperature gas flow, which assists the rapid atomization of the acid liquid and improves the atomization efficiency of the acid liquid, and makes the atomization of the acid liquid more uniform. The atomized acid liquid is sprayed into the inside of the acid mixing cylinder through the atomizing outlet at the bottom end of the atomizing cavity to mix with the spodumene material.

[0034] In order to avoid that the pressure of the acid liquid is too high when the acid liquid directly enters the atomizing cavity, a buffer cavity 500 is arranged between the acid outlet and the atomizing inlet. The buffer cavity 500 is in the shape of a funnel. The large end of the buffer cavity 500 is connected with the bottom outlet of the center flow channel, and the small end is connected with the atomizing inlet at the top end of the atomizing cavity. The acid liquid entering the atomizing cavity 300 is pre-buffered to reduce the pressure of the acid liquid.

[0035] The inside of the atomizing flow channel 400 is sequentially connected with a plurality of through-flow cavities 401 with diameters decreasing in sequence along the direction of the gas flow. The tail gas passes through the through-flow cavities 401 in sequence through the atomizing flow channel 400. Since the diameters of the through-flow cavities 401 decrease in sequence, the tail gas vibrates when passing through the through-flow cavities 401 in sequence, so that the tail gas finally entering the atomizing cavity has a certain vibration energy, which better assists the atomization of the acid liquid, so that the acid liquid is more fully and uniformly atomized.

[0036] Further, a plurality of acid supply devices are arranged in the inside of the acid mixing cylinder, thereby realizing fully and uniformly mixing of the spodumene material and the acid liquid.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 A heat-exchange fin 101 is arranged between the acid supply spiral flow channel 100 and the preheating spiral flow channel 200. One end of the heat-exchange fin 101 extends into the inside of the preheating spiral flow channel 200, and the other end of the heat-exchange fin 101 is in contact with the outer side wall of the acid supply spiral flow channel 100.

[0039] One end of the heat exchange fin 101 extends directly to the preheating spiral channel 200 to exchange heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas, while the other end of the heat exchange fin 101 extends to the side of the acid supply spiral channel 100 and is provided with an arc-shaped contact surface that is in contact with the outer side of the acid supply spiral channel 100. This allows for efficient heat transfer to the acid supply spiral channel 100 to preheat the acid liquid inside the acid supply spiral channel 100.

[0040] Example 3:

[0041] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a ceramic buffer sleeve 4 is installed in the buffer chamber 500. The ceramic buffer sleeve 4 is provided with a buffer port for acid liquid to pass through and connect the acid outlet and the atomization inlet.

[0042] The ceramic buffer sleeve 4 buffers the acid solution. In actual production, the ceramic buffer sleeve 4 is replaced in a timely manner according to the actual consumption under specific working conditions, which effectively avoids the direct acid corrosion of the buffer chamber 500 by the acid solution, thereby extending the service life of the atomizing cup 2 and the entire device. Furthermore, by setting the buffer chamber 500 and the ceramic buffer sleeve 4 to be used in combination, a buffer "double insurance" is formed. In the combined use, the buffer chamber 500 plays a temporary buffering role when the ceramic buffer sleeve 4 is accidentally detached or damaged.

[0043] Example 4:

[0044] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 1 or 2. The acid inlet at the bottom end of the acid supply spiral channel 100 is connected to the acid supply device through an acid inlet pipe. A quick-connect connector is provided at the acid inlet at the bottom end of the acid supply spiral channel 100, which can be directly and quickly connected to the acid inlet pipe.

[0045] Furthermore, a flow regulating valve is provided on the acid inlet pipe, which can regulate the flow rate of acid entering the acid supply spiral channel 100, so that the acid pressure inside the acid supply spiral channel 100 is maintained within a suitable range.

[0046] Example 5:

[0047] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 1 or 2. The exhaust gas inlet at the top of the preheating spiral flow channel 200 is connected to the exhaust gas chamber of the rotary kiln via an air inlet pipe. The exhaust gas inlet at the top of the preheating spiral flow channel 200 is equipped with a quick-connect connector, which can be directly and quickly plugged into the air inlet pipe.

[0048] Further, the inlet end of the air inlet pipe is provided with a filter screen, which can filter the solid particle impurities in the high-temperature tail gas, thereby reducing the content of solid impurities in the high-temperature tail gas entering the preheating spiral flow channel 200, and thereby avoiding the preheating spiral flow channel 200 from being blocked after long-time use due to too many solid impurities.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for acid feeding in a lithium extraction process, comprising an acid supply cup (1) and an atomizing cup (2), characterized in that, The center flow channel is arranged at the center of the acid supply cup (1) along the axial direction, and the acid supply spiral flow channel (100) is arranged around the center flow channel in the interior of the acid supply cup (1); the bottom end of the acid supply spiral flow channel (100) is provided with an acid inlet, and the top end is provided with an acid outlet connected with the top inlet of the center flow channel; The acid supply cup (1) is sleeved with a preheating sleeve (3) outside, and the preheating spiral flow channel (200) is arranged in the interior of the preheating sleeve (3); the top end of the preheating spiral flow channel (200) is provided with a tail gas inlet, and the bottom end is provided with a tail gas outlet; The atomizing cup (2) is arranged at the bottom of the acid supply cup (1); The interior of the atomizing cup (2) is provided with an atomizing cavity (300), and the top of the atomizing cavity (300) is provided with an atomizing inlet; the bottom of the atomizing cavity (300) is provided with an atomizing outlet; the sidewall of the atomizing cup (2) is provided with an atomizing flow channel (400), one end of the atomizing flow channel (400) is connected with the tail gas outlet, and the other end of the atomizing flow channel (400) is connected with the atomizing cavity (300); The atomizing cup (2) is provided with a buffer cavity (500), the buffer cavity (500) is in the shape of a funnel, the large end of the buffer cavity (500) is connected with the bottom outlet of the center flow channel, and the small end is connected with the atomizing inlet; The interior of the atomizing flow channel (400) is sequentially and communicatively provided with a plurality of through flow cavities (401) with diameters decreasing in sequence along the airflow direction.

2. The acid feeding device in the lithium extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange fins (101) are arranged between the acid supply spiral flow channel (100) and the preheating spiral flow channel (200), one end of the heat exchange fins (101) extends into the interior of the preheating spiral flow channel (200), and the other end of the heat exchange fins (101) is in contact with the outer sidewall of the acid supply spiral flow channel (100).

3. The acid supply device in the lithium extraction process according to claim 1, a ceramic buffer sleeve (4) is arranged in the buffer cavity (500), and the ceramic buffer sleeve (4) is provided with a buffer port for the acid liquid to pass through and connect the bottom outlet of the center flow channel with the atomizing inlet.

4. The acid feeding device in a lithium extraction process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The acid inlet at the bottom end of the acid supply spiral flow channel (100) is connected with the acid supply device through an acid inlet pipe.

5. The acid feeding device in the lithium extraction process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The acid inlet pipe is provided with a flow regulating valve.

6. The acid feeding device in the lithium extraction process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The tail gas inlet at the top end of the preheating spiral flow channel (200) is connected with the rotary kiln tail gas chamber through a gas inlet pipe.

7. The acid feeding device in a lithium extraction process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inlet end of the gas inlet pipe is provided with a filter screen.

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