A laser drilling rig combined drill tool, drilling rig and method of operation

Abstract

The application provides a laser drilling machine combined drilling tool, a drilling machine and a working method. The laser drilling machine combined drilling tool comprises a drill rod, and the drill rod comprises a first outer rod, an outer rod variable diameter section, a second outer rod, a first inner rod, an inner rod variable diameter section, a second inner rod, a wear-resistant copper sleeve and a support ring. The first outer rod is connected with the second outer rod through the outer rod variable diameter section, the first inner rod is connected with the second inner rod through the inner rod variable diameter section, the inner diameter of the second outer rod is smaller than that of the first outer rod, the inner diameter of the second inner rod is smaller than that of the first inner rod, the wear-resistant copper sleeve is arranged between the first outer rod and the first inner rod, and the support ring is arranged in the first inner rod. The application adopts the structure of "multi-pipe-in-pipe", solves the problem of dynamic and static separation of the inner and outer rods, arranges the cutting teeth in the center of the drill bit by offsetting the laser, and makes the drill bit realize full-face rock breaking. Meanwhile, the alignment problem of the light hole of the drill bit and the laser beam in the rotating process is avoided through the inner rod fine adjustment mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of long-distance drilling and rock breaking technology, and in particular to a laser drilling rig combined with drilling tools, a drilling rig, and an operating method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, a new generation of assisted rock breaking concepts based on novel rock breaking methods such as lasers, water jets, microwaves, and particles have been proposed and have become a research hotspot and technological frontier in the international engineering drilling field.

[0004] The inventors discovered that current laser-mechanical combined rock-breaking equipment has the following problems:

[0005] (1) Although a separate laser transmission line is set up, the laser transmission is easily damaged by the rotation of the mechanical rock-breaking mechanism at the front end of the equipment, or the laser cannot be aligned with the light output hole, thus affecting the laser rock-breaking effect.

[0006] (2) The laser beam of existing laser rock breaking drills is generally placed at the center of the drill bit. Cutting cannot be arranged at the center of the drill bit, so the rock column at the center cannot be broken. If the laser beam is directly offset, there is a problem that the drill bit output hole and the laser beam are difficult to align. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser drilling rig combined with drilling tools, a drilling rig, and an operating method. It adopts a "multi-tube-in-tube" structure, which solves the problem of separating the dynamic and static parts of the inner and outer tubes. The laser is offset, and cutting teeth are arranged in the center of the drill bit, enabling the drill bit to break rocks across the entire cross section. At the same time, the fine-tuning mechanism of the inner tube avoids the alignment problem between the drill bit's light outlet and the laser beam during rotation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] The first aspect of this invention provides a laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool.

[0010] A laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool, including a drill rod;

[0011] The drill pipe includes: a primary outer rod, an outer rod diameter-changing section, a secondary outer rod, a primary inner rod, an inner rod diameter-changing section, a secondary inner rod, a wear-resistant copper sleeve, and a support ring;

[0012] The first-level outer rod is connected to the second-level outer rod through an outer rod diameter-changing section, and the first-level inner rod is connected to the second-level inner rod through an inner rod diameter-changing section. The inner diameter of the second-level outer rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the first-level outer rod.

[0013] The inner diameter of the secondary inner rod is smaller than that of the primary inner rod. The primary outer rod is sleeved on the outside of the primary inner rod, and a wear-resistant copper sleeve connects the primary outer rod and the primary inner rod. A support ring is provided inside the primary inner rod.

[0014] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, the primary inner rod is used for fixed connection with the laser head protective cover.

[0015] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, the primary outer rod and the primary inner rod are both located on the side closer to the drilling head, and the secondary outer rod and the secondary inner rod are both located on the side farther away from the drilling head.

[0016] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, it also includes: an inner rod fine-tuning mechanism;

[0017] The inner rod fine-tuning mechanism includes: a servo motor, a synchronous pulley, and an absolute encoder;

[0018] The secondary inner rod is connected to the servo motor via a synchronous pulley. An absolute encoder is mounted on the synchronous belt to record the rotation angle of the secondary inner rod in real time, so as to adjust the rotation angle of the laser head and make the laser beam aligned with the light output hole of the drill bit.

[0019] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, it also includes a drill bit, which is fixedly connected to the end of the primary outer rod.

[0020] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, the drill bit includes: cutting teeth, reinforcing teeth, water outlet holes and light outlet holes, and the drill bit is a multi-blade PDC composite drill bit structure, wherein the cutting teeth of each blade are arranged in a streamlined tooth pattern;

[0021] Water outlet holes are provided between adjacent blades of the drill bit, laser light outlet holes are provided at positions off the center of the drill bit, cutting teeth are arranged at the center of the drill bit, and reinforcing teeth are arranged in the rear row of the cutting teeth on each blade of the drill bit.

[0022] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, it also includes: a slag discharge water pipe;

[0023] One end of the slag discharge water pipe is connected to the water pump tank. The slag discharge water pipe is placed in the secondary inner rod and the inner rod diameter change section. After being transmitted to the outside of the laser head protective cover through the support ring, it is connected to the water outlet so that the liquid is discharged through the water outlet and carries the rock debris and rock fragments back from the outside of the primary outer rod.

[0024] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, it also includes a driving device, which includes: a rotary loading module and a thrust loading mechanism;

[0025] The rotary loading module includes: a hydraulic motor, a gearbox, a drill pipe clamping device, and a power head base. The drill pipe clamping device is used to connect with the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool. The hydraulic motor is connected to the drill pipe clamping device via the gearbox. Both the gearbox and the drill pipe clamping device are connected to the power head base.

[0026] One end of the thrust loading mechanism is connected to the drill string mounting device, and the other end of the thrust loading mechanism is connected to the power head base. The thrust loading mechanism is used to apply thrust to the power head base to push the power head base to feed, thereby driving the laser-mechanical combined drill string to advance and break rocks.

[0027] The drill string mounting device includes: a feed frame and a stabilizer;

[0028] The power head base is slidably connected to the feed frame and is used to drive the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool to move forward and backward along the feed frame; the stabilizer is fixed to the front end of the feed frame and is used to clamp and stabilize the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool.

[0029] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool.

[0030] A method for operating a laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool, utilizing the laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool as described in the first aspect of the present invention, includes the following process:

[0031] When the primary outer rod drives the drill bit to break rock, the primary inner rod remains stationary. After the primary outer rod and the drill bit stop rotating, the rotation angle of the secondary inner rod is adjusted through the inner rod fine-tuning mechanism, which in turn drives the rotation angle of the primary inner rod so that the laser can be emitted from the light outlet of the drill bit.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention provides a laser drilling rig, including the laser drilling rig combined with the drilling tool described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. This invention innovatively proposes a combined drilling tool for laser drilling rigs, which adopts a "multi-tube-in-tube" structure. The first-stage outer rod is used to transmit thrust and torque, and the first-stage inner rod is used to fix the laser head protective cover. A wear-resistant copper sleeve is placed between the first-stage outer rod and the first-stage inner rod, which solves the problem of dynamic and static separation of the inner and outer rods.

[0035] 2. This invention innovatively proposes a laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool, which offsets the laser and arranges cutting teeth at the center of the drill bit, enabling the drill bit to break up rocks across the entire cross section. At the same time, the internal rod fine-tuning mechanism avoids the alignment problem between the drill bit's light outlet and the laser beam during rotation.

[0036] 3. This invention innovatively proposes a combined laser drilling tool. Through the design of the inner rod diameter-changing section and the outer rod diameter-changing section, on the one hand, the distance between the hole wall and the outer wall of the drill rod is increased, improving the slag removal efficiency; on the other hand, the drill rod diameter is reduced, making it easier to match with existing drill rods and enhancing its engineering applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser drilling rig combined drilling tool provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a drill bit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Among them, 1-drill rod; 2-first-stage outer rod; 3-outer rod diameter changing section; 4-second-stage outer rod; 5-first-stage inner rod; 6-inner rod diameter changing section; 7-second-stage inner rod; 8-wear-resistant copper sleeve; 9-support ring; 10-laser head assembly; 11-laser head; 12-laser head protective shell; 13-sapphire lens; 14-openable baffle; 15-drill bit; 16-cutting teeth; 17-water outlet; 18-light outlet; 19-reinforcing teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0043] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a laser drilling rig combined drilling tool, which mainly includes: a drill rod 1 and a drill bit 15;

[0047] The drill pipe 1 includes: a primary outer pipe 2, an outer pipe diameter-changing section 3, a secondary outer pipe 4, a primary inner pipe 5, an inner pipe diameter-changing section 6, a secondary inner pipe 7, a wear-resistant copper sleeve 8, and a support ring 9;

[0048] The drill rod 1 adopts a "multi-tube-in-tube" structure. The first-stage outer rod 2 is used to transmit thrust and torque, and the first-stage inner rod 5 is used to fix the laser head protective cover. The first-stage outer rod 2 is sleeved on the outside of the first-stage inner rod 5. A wear-resistant copper sleeve 8 is placed between the first-stage outer rod 2 and the first-stage inner rod 5, which solves the problem of dynamic and static separation of the inner and outer rods.

[0049] The drill rod 1 adopts a multi-stage diameter reduction. The first-stage outer rod 2 is connected to the second-stage outer rod 4 through the outer rod diameter reduction section 3, thereby reducing the diameter of the first-stage outer rod 2. The first-stage inner rod 5 is connected to the second-stage inner rod 7 through the inner rod diameter reduction section 6, thereby reducing the diameter of the first-stage inner rod 5. The reduction in the diameter of the drill rod 1 increases the distance between the hole wall and the outer wall of the drill rod 1, which is beneficial for slag removal, and also reduces costs.

[0050] In this embodiment, an inner rod fine-tuning mechanism is also included. The inner rod fine-tuning mechanism includes a servo motor, a synchronous pulley, and an absolute encoder. The secondary inner rod 7 is connected to the servo motor through the synchronous pulley. The absolute encoder is installed on the synchronous belt and can record the rotation angle of the secondary inner rod 7 in real time. Finally, the rotation angle of the laser head is precisely adjusted so that the laser beam is aligned with the light output hole 18 of the drill bit 15. The primary outer rod 2 and the primary inner rod 5 work together to realize multi-point irradiation of the rock sample by the laser.

[0051] In this embodiment, a driving device is also included, which includes a rotary loading module and a thrust loading mechanism.

[0052] The rotary loading module includes: a hydraulic motor, a gearbox, a drill pipe clamping device, and a power head base. The drill pipe clamping device is used to connect with the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool. The hydraulic motor is connected to the drill pipe clamping device via the gearbox. Both the gearbox and the drill pipe clamping device are connected to the power head base.

[0053] One end of the thrust loading mechanism is connected to the drill string mounting device, and the other end of the thrust loading mechanism is connected to the power head base. The thrust loading mechanism is used to apply thrust to the power head base to push the power head base to feed, thereby driving the laser-mechanical combined drill string to advance and break rocks.

[0054] The drill string mounting device includes: a feed frame and a stabilizer;

[0055] The power head base is slidably connected to the feed frame and is used to drive the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool to move forward and backward along the feed frame; the stabilizer is fixed to the front end of the feed frame and is used to clamp and stabilize the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool.

[0056] More specifically, Figure 1 The system also includes a laser head assembly 10, which further includes a laser head 11, a laser head protective shell 12, a sapphire lens 13, and an openable baffle 14.

[0057] The laser head 11 is fixed inside the laser head protective shell 12, and the sapphire lens 13 is installed on the outside of the laser head 11 as the first level of protection. In particular, the sapphire lens 13 has high strength and wear resistance, and can effectively resist rock debris, rock chips and other debris during the drilling and rock breaking process.

[0058] An openable baffle 14 is installed on the outside of the sapphire lens 13. The openable baffle 14 is opened and closed by the reciprocating motion of the cylinder push rod driven by the cylinder, which prevents rock debris and other objects from entering the laser head protective shell 12 and damaging the lens assembly, thus forming a second layer of protection.

[0059] The drill bit 15, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: cutting teeth 16, reinforcing teeth 19, water outlet hole 17 and light outlet hole 18. The drill bit 15 adopts a multi-wing PDC composite drill bit 15 structure. Each wing cutting tooth 16 adopts a streamlined tooth arrangement, and reinforcing teeth 19 are arranged in the rear row to improve the stress on the drill teeth.

[0060] Multiple water outlet holes 17 are provided between the blades of the drill bit 15 to ensure sufficient flow of slag discharge fluid. A laser light outlet hole 18 is provided at a position off the center of the drill bit 15. Cutting teeth 16 are arranged at the center of the drill bit 15 to ensure that the central rock column can be successfully removed.

[0061] More specifically, the laser head protective cover (used to house the laser head) is fixed on the first-stage inner rod 5, and the light output hole 18 is offset from the center of the drill bit 15. The center of the drill bit 15 is arranged with cutting teeth 16, and the center cutting teeth 16 can cut off the center rock column, ensuring continuous drilling of the drilling rig.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for operating a laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool, utilizing the laser drilling rig combined with a drilling tool described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0064] A step-by-step rock breaking method is adopted. The laser first irradiates the rock sample, and the drill bit 15 then cuts and breaks the rock. When the first-stage outer rod 2 drives the drill bit 15 to break the rock, the first-stage inner rod 5 remains stationary. After the first-stage outer rod 2 and the drill bit 15 stop rotating;

[0065] The first-stage inner rod 5 drives the laser head to align with the light outlet 18 of the drill bit 15 to ensure that the high-energy laser can be successfully emitted to the rock sample for laser rock breaking. At this time, the inner rod fine adjustment mechanism needs to adjust the rotation angle of the inner rod to ensure that the laser can be emitted from the light outlet 18 of the drill bit 15.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a laser drilling rig, including the laser drilling rig combined with the drilling tool described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser drill-in-hole tool, characterized in that, The drill rod comprises a first outer rod, an outer rod reducing section, a second outer rod, a first inner rod, an inner rod reducing section, a second inner rod, a wear-resistant copper sleeve and a support ring. The first outer rod is connected with the second outer rod through the outer rod reducing section, and the first inner rod is connected with the second inner rod through the inner rod reducing section. The inner diameter of the second outer rod is smaller than that of the first outer rod. The inner diameter of the second inner rod is smaller than that of the first inner rod. The first outer rod is sleeved outside the first inner rod, and the wear-resistant copper sleeve is arranged between the first outer rod and the first inner rod. The inner rod fine adjustment mechanism comprises a servo motor, a synchronous pulley and an absolute value encoder. The second inner rod is connected with the servo motor through the synchronous pulley, and the absolute value encoder is installed on the synchronous belt to record the rotation angle of the second inner rod in real time, so as to adjust the rotation angle of the laser head and make the laser beam align with the light outlet hole of the drill bit.

2. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to claim 1, wherein the first inner rod is used for fixed connection with the laser head protective cover.

3. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to claim 1, wherein the first outer rod and the first inner rod are located on one side close to the drilling head, and the second outer rod and the second inner rod are located on one side away from the drilling head.

4. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a drill bit, and the drill bit is fixedly connected with the end of the first outer rod.

5. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to claim 4, wherein the drill bit comprises cutting teeth, reinforcing teeth, water outlet holes and light outlet holes, and the drill bit is a multi-wing PDC composite drill bit structure, and the cutting teeth of each wing are arranged in a streamline form.

6. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to claim 1, further comprising a slag discharge water pipe.

7. The laser drill rig combined drill tool according to claim 1, further comprising a driving device, wherein the driving device comprises a rotary loading module and a thrust loading mechanism. The rotary loading module comprises a hydraulic motor, a speed reducer, a drill rod clamping device and a power head base, the drill rod clamping device is used for connection with the laser mechanical combined drill tool, the hydraulic motor is connected with the drill rod clamping device through the speed reducer, and the speed reducer and the drill rod clamping device are both connected with the power head base. The thrust loading mechanism is connected with the drill tool carrying device at one end and connected with the power head base at the other end, and is used for exerting a thrust on the power head base to drive the power head base to feed and further drive the laser mechanical combined drill tool to advance and break rocks. The drill tool carrying device comprises a feeding frame and a centralizer. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The power head base is slidably connected to the feeding frame, and is used to drive the laser mechanical combined drilling tool to feed forward and retreat backward along the feeding frame; the centralizer is fixed to the front end of the feeding frame, and is used to clamp and centralize the laser mechanical combined drilling tool.

8. A method of operating a laser drill-in-hole tool combination, characterized by, The laser drilling machine combined drilling tool according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following process: When the primary outer rod drives the drill bit to break rocks, the primary inner rod is fixed, and when the primary outer rod and the drill bit stop rotating, the rotation angle of the secondary inner rod is adjusted through the inner rod fine adjustment mechanism, and then the rotation angle of the primary inner rod is driven to rotate, so that the laser can be emitted from the light outlet hole of the drill bit.

9. A laser drill, characterized by The laser drilling machine combined drilling tool according to any one of claims 1-7.

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