A tunnel support structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel support, and provides a tunnel support structure comprising: a roof slab, a first crossbeam, a push-pull support structure, an external support structure, support columns, an inclined beam, and a second crossbeam. The upper end of the push-pull support structure is fixedly connected to the roof slab, the second crossbeam is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the roof slab, the push-pull support structure is fixedly connected to the inner side of the roof slab, the bottom of the push-pull support structure is detachably connected to the external support structure, and support columns are fixedly connected to the bottom of both ends of the roof slab. This invention solves the problem of roof collapse accidents caused by the structural support points deviating to one side when dismantling the support legs at the fork opening, through the support of the external support structure to the push-pull support structure and the support of the push-pull support structure to the roof slab.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support, specifically a tunnel support structure for tunnel bifurcation. Background Technology

[0002] Roof collapses at roadway intersections often occur when roadways branch off, because a platform needs to be erected at the branch point to replace the original roadway support legs. If the roadway roof at the branch point consists of rock blocks that have lost their connection with the rock mass, and the surrounding rock is squeezing the roadway, and the newly erected platform is not strong or stable enough, a roof collapse may occur. If the branch point happens to be the location of a roof collapse during excavation, the situation is even more serious.

[0003] Chinese Publication No. CN114458345A discloses a tunnel support structure, characterized by comprising: two reinforcing arc-shaped steel sections; crossbeams and support columns are fixedly installed, forming a stable arch bridge structure that connects to tunnel components, increasing structural stability and creating an emergency refuge area; the reinforcing arc-shaped steel sections, through the opening of outer and side arc-shaped grooves, provide a buffering effect upon impact; upper and lower annular steel sections are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate via connecting seats, thereby fixing the support seats and supporting the crossbeams, resulting in overall structural stability; a protective layer of mesh structure effectively reduces the impact force generated by falling rocks, and then the protective net allows the falling rocks to roll off from both sides of the tunnel. While the above solution effectively reduces the impact force of falling rocks through the protective layer of the mesh structure, allowing rocks to roll off from both sides of the tunnel, it does not consider the problem of structural support points shifting to one side and causing roof collapse accidents when dismantling the support legs at the branching point.

[0004] In summary, the present invention provides a tunnel support structure to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a roadway support structure to solve the problem in the prior art where the structural support point deviates to one side and causes roof collapse accidents when dismantling the support legs at the bifurcation point.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A tunnel support structure, comprising:

[0008] A push-pull support structure is provided, wherein a top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the push-pull support structure, preferably by welding; a second crossbeam is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top plate; a cross plate is fixedly connected to the top of the second crossbeam, preferably by riveting; a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate; a spring is provided on the outer wall of the telescopic rod; the push-pull support structure includes a fixing component; a rotating beam is rotatably connected to one side of the fixing component; a first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the center of the fixing component; and a fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first threaded rod, preferably by welding.

[0009] An external support structure includes a fixed base. The top of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a base plate via multiple columns. The fixed connection is preferably welded. A motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate. The drive shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a second threaded rod. A hexagonal fitting is fixedly connected to the top of the second threaded rod. A sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second threaded rod. A structural shell is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sleeve. A connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the structural shell. The fixed connection is preferably welded.

[0010] Preferably, a support column is detachably connected to the bottom of the top plate, a No. 3 threaded rod is rotatably connected to the support column, an inclined beam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support column, and a No. 1 crossbeam is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined beam away from the support column. The fixed connection is preferably welded.

[0011] Preferably, a first crossbeam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top plate, and a second crossbeam is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top plate. The first and second crossbeams are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the top plate, and the second crossbeam is preferably made of steel structure material.

[0012] Preferably, the fastener is in the shape of a cuboid, and includes rounded small cuboids inside. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the center of the rounded small cuboids, and plate-shaped cuboids are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting rod. The fastener is composed of the rounded small cuboids, the connecting rod, and the plate-shaped cuboids connected to each other. The fastener is preferably made of a metal with high hardness.

[0013] Preferably, a square notch is provided in the middle of the second crossbeam to cause the second crossbeam to break, and the width of the square notch is equal to the width of the inner wall of the fixing component.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing block is in the shape of a regular hexagon, the inner wall edge length of the hexagonal kit is equal to the outer wall edge length of the fixing block, and the fixing block is preferably made of metal.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the connecting sleeve has a square groove, the length and width of which are equal to the length and width of the bottom surface of the fixing member.

[0016] Preferably, a sliding rod is slidably connected inside the No. 2 threaded rod, and a disc is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod. The fixed connection is preferably welded. The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the No. 2 threaded rod. The outer diameter of the disc is larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve. The upper sliding rod and the disc of the No. 2 threaded rod are fixedly connected to the bottom of the hexagonal kit through a through-hole connecting sleeve. The fixed connection is preferably welded.

[0017] Preferably, both the top plate and the horizontal plate are provided with circular threaded holes with a diameter equal to that of the first threaded rod, and the circular threads correspond to the threads of the second threaded rod.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention aligns the connecting sleeve with the bottom of the fixing component. Then, driven by the motor, the No. 2 threaded rod drives the sleeve rod and the hexagonal assembly to rotate. At the same time, the hexagonal assembly drives the No. 1 threaded rod to rotate upward. The rotation of the No. 2 threaded rod causes the sleeve rod to rotate upward, pushing the fixing component upward. As the fixing component moves upward and passes through the square notch in the middle of the No. 2 crossbeam, the rotating beam pushes the No. 2 crossbeam upward, thereby pushing the cross plate upward. Then, the telescopic rod retracts, and the spring tightens until it stops at the limit position. During the upward rotation of the rotating beams on both sides of the fixing component, a thrust is gradually formed on both sides of the top plate, thereby enhancing the stability and support capacity of the support.

[0020] 2. This invention aligns and fits the external support structure with the fixing components in the push-pull support structure, and then extends the external support structure to firmly press against the top plate, continuously giving the top plate an elastic state, reducing the force on the support column, and thus distributing the pressure at the bifurcation point. This solves the problem of roof collapse caused by the structural support point deviating to one side when dismantling the canopy legs at the bifurcation point. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the push-pull support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the fixed support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the external support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6This is a detailed drawing of the external support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a split diagram of the external support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the connection between the push-pull support structure and the external support structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a detailed diagram of the push-pull rod structure of the tunnel support structure of the present invention;

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Surrounding rock;

[0032] 2. Top slab; 21. No. 1 crossbeam;

[0033] 3. Push-pull support structure; 31. Fixing component; 32. Rotating beam; 33. Fixing block; 34. Threaded rod No. 1; 35. Cross plate; 36. Telescopic rod; 37. Spring; 38. Cross beam No. 2;

[0034] 4. External support structure; 41. Fixed base; 42. Base plate; 43. Motor; 44. Sleeve rod; 45. Connecting sleeve; 46. No. 2 threaded rod; 47. Hexagonal kit; 48. Structural shell;

[0035] 5. Support column; 51. No. 3 threaded rod; 52. Inclined beam. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0037] This invention provides a tunnel support structure, comprising:

[0038] A push-pull support structure 3 is provided, with a top plate 2 fixedly connected to its upper end. A second crossbeam 38 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top plate 2. A cross plate 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the second crossbeam 38. A telescopic rod 36 is fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate 35. A spring 37 is provided on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 36. The push-pull support structure 3 includes a fixing member 31. A rotating beam 32 is rotatably connected to one side of the fixing member 31. A first threaded rod 34 is rotatably connected to the center of the fixing member 31. A fixing block 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first threaded rod 34. When the first threaded rod 34 is rotated by the external support structure 4, the fixing member 31 moves upward to the second crossbeam 38. At the same time, the rotating beam 32 also rotates counterclockwise upward. In turn, the rotating beam 32 pushes the second crossbeam 38 to rotate counterclockwise upward, thus pushing the cross plate 35 upward.

[0039] An external support structure 4 includes a fixed base 41. The top of the fixed base 41 is fixedly connected to a base plate 42 via multiple columns. A motor 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate 42. The drive shaft of the motor 43 is fixedly connected to a second threaded rod 46. A hexagonal assembly 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the second threaded rod 46. A sleeve rod 44 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second threaded rod 46. A structural shell 48 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sleeve rod 44. A connecting sleeve 45 is fixedly connected to the top of the structural shell 48. Driven by the motor 43 at the bottom of the base plate 42, the second threaded rod 46 rotates. Simultaneously, the rotation of the second threaded rod 46 causes the sleeve rod 44 to move upward. The rotation of the second threaded rod 44 also causes the hexagonal assembly 47 to rotate.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention: a support column 5 is detachably connected to the bottom of the top plate 2; a threaded rod 51 is rotatably connected to the support column 5; an inclined beam 52 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support column 5; and a crossbeam 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined beam 52 away from the support column 5. Figure 4 The structure shown is a stable structure. The inclined beam 52 is used to reinforce its stability, and the No. 3 threaded rod 51 will be fixed into the surrounding rock 1.

[0041] As one embodiment of the present invention: the inner wall of the top plate 2 is fixedly connected to the first crossbeam 21, and the inner wall of the top plate 2 is rotatably connected to the second crossbeam 38. The first crossbeam 21 and the second crossbeam 38 are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the top plate (2), which can enhance the stability of the entire structure.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention: the fixing member 31 is generally cuboid, and the fixing member 31 includes a rounded small cuboid. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the center of the rounded small cuboid, and plate-shaped cuboids are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting rod. The fixing member 31 is composed of the rounded small cuboid, the connecting rod and the plate-shaped cuboids connected to each other. The part left between the connecting rod and the plate-shaped cuboid is used as a rotation space for the rotating beam 32, and the rotating beam 32 will not be obstructed when it rotates counterclockwise upward to the bottom of the horizontal plate 35.

[0043] As one embodiment of the present invention: a square notch is provided in the middle of the second crossbeam 38, causing the second crossbeam 38 to break. The width of the square notch is equal to the width of the inner wall of the fixing member 31, which makes the fixing member 31 pass through the square notch in the middle when it moves upward, until the bottom of the cross plate 35 pushes the cross plate 35.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present invention: the fixing block 33 is in the shape of a regular hexagonal block, and the inner wall edge length of the hexagonal kit 47 is equal to the outer wall edge length of the fixing block 33. This allows the hexagonal kit 47 to just wrap around the fixing block 33. When the hexagonal kit 47 rotates under the drive of the sleeve rod 44, it rotates. At the same time, the rotation of the hexagonal kit 47 drives the fixing block 33 to rotate, causing the first threaded rod 34 to rotate.

[0045] As one embodiment of the present invention: the top of the connecting sleeve 45 is provided with a square groove, the length and width of the square groove are equal to the length and width of the bottom surface of the fixing member 31, and the fixing member 31 can be placed into the square groove at the top of the connecting sleeve 45.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention: a sliding rod is slidably connected inside the second threaded rod 46, and a disc is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod. The sleeve 44 is sleeved on the outside of the second threaded rod 46. The outer diameter of the disc is larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve 44. The upper sliding rod and the disc of the second threaded rod 46 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the hexagonal assembly 47 through a through-hole connecting sleeve 45. The second threaded rod 46 rotates under the drive of the motor, which simultaneously drives the sleeve 44 to move upward. At the same time, the rotation of the second threaded rod 46 drives the hexagonal assembly 47 to rotate. When the sleeve 44 moves upward to the bottom of the disc, it pushes the disc upward, causing the second threaded rod 46 to extend upward. The extension of the second threaded rod 46 and the upward movement of the sleeve 44 drive the connecting sleeve 45 to move upward.

[0047] As one embodiment of the present invention: both the top plate 2 and the horizontal plate 35 are provided with circular threaded holes with a diameter equal to that of the first threaded rod 34. The first threaded rod 34 penetrates the top plate 2 and the horizontal plate 35. The first threaded rod 34 is rotated to penetrate into the top surrounding rock 1 to fix the entire structure.

[0048] Specific working principle:

[0049] like Figure 3As shown in Figure 9, during installation, the connecting sleeve 45 in the external support structure 4 is aligned with the bottom of the fixing member 31, and the hexagonal kit 47 is sleeved and connected with the fixing block 33. Then, driven by the motor 43, the second threaded rod 46 rotates, causing the hexagonal kit 47 to rotate. As the second threaded rod 46 rotates, the sleeve rod 44 moves upward. When the sleeve rod 44 moves to the top disc of the second threaded rod 46, it pushes the disc upward, causing the sliding rod in the second threaded rod 46 to extend. At the same time, the extension of the second threaded rod 46 causes the connecting sleeve 45 to move upward, pushing the fixing member 31 upward. Then, after the rotating beam 32 slides outward a small portion, as the fixing member 31 moves upward and passes through the square notch in the middle of the second crossbeam 38, the top of the rotating beam 32 will fit against the bottom of the second crossbeam 38, continuing to push the fixing member 31 upward. Then, the rotating beam 32 will push the second crossbeam 38 upward, thereby pushing the cross plate 35 upward. As the second crossbeams 38 on both sides rotate upward, the square gap in the middle of the second crossbeams 38 on both sides gradually increases. Then the telescopic rod 36 retracts and the spring 37 tightens until it reaches the limit position and stops. At this time, the square gap in the middle of the second crossbeam 38 opens to be slightly larger than the width of the cross plate 35, which will hold the cross plate 35 in the middle. At the same time, the fixing piece 31 passing through the square gap in the middle of the second crossbeam 38 is located at the bottom of the cross plate 35 and together with the rotating beam 32, it supports the upper structure and the top plate 2. As the rotating beams 32 on both sides of the fixing piece 31 rotate upward, they will also gradually form a supporting force on both sides of the top plate 2. The top of the inclined second crossbeam 38 abuts against both sides of the top plate 2 and is fixed by the rotating beam 32, which also forms a supporting force on both sides of the top plate.

[0050] When opening a new branch, it is necessary to remove part of the support column 5. After the support column is partially removed, the pressure on the entire structure will be supported by the part of the support column 5 that has not been removed. As the external support structure 4 extends, it firmly holds the top plate 2. At the same time, the rotating beam 32 at the top of the external support structure 4 and the inclined second crossbeam 38 provide support force to the sides and top of the top plate 2, reducing the force on the support column 5 on the side that has not been removed and distributing it to the external support structure 4 and other positions on the top plate 2. This prevents the support point from shifting to the side where the support column 5 remains, reducing the occurrence of roof collapse accidents.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadway support structure, characterized by, Include: Push-pull support structure (3), the top of the push-pull support structure (3) is fixedly connected with the top plate (2), the inner wall of the top plate (2) is rotatably connected with the No. 2 cross beam (38), the top of the No. 2 cross beam (38) is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate (35), the outer wall of the telescopic rod (36) is provided with the spring (37), the push-pull support structure (3) includes the fixed part (31) in it, the fixed part (31) is rotatably connected with the rotating beam (32) on one side, the fixed part (31) is rotatably connected with the No. 1 threaded rod (34) at the center position, the bottom of the No. 1 threaded rod (34) is fixedly connected with the fixed block (33); Peripheral support structure (4), the peripheral support structure (4) includes a fixed base (41) therein, the fixed base (41) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (42) at the top through a plurality of vertical columns, the bottom plate (42) is fixedly connected with the motor (43) at the bottom, the driving shaft of the motor (43) is fixedly connected with the No. 2 threaded rod (46), the top of the No. 2 threaded rod (46) is fixedly connected with the hexagonal sleeve (47), the outer wall of the sleeve rod (44) is rotatably connected with the sleeve rod (44), the outer wall of the sleeve rod (44) is slidably connected with the structural shell (48), the top of the structural shell (48) is fixedly connected with the adapter sleeve (45); The No. 2 cross beam (38) is provided with a square notch in the middle to disconnect the No. 2 cross beam (38), the width of the square notch is equal to the width of the inner wall of the fixed part (31); The bottom of the top plate (2) is detachably connected with the support column (5), the upper end of the support column (5) is rotatably connected with the No. 3 threaded rod (51), the inner wall of the support column (5) is fixedly connected with the inclined beam (52), one end of the inclined beam (52) away from the support column (5) is fixedly connected with the No. 1 cross beam (21); The inner wall of the top plate (2) is fixedly connected with the No. 1 cross beam (21), the inner wall of the top plate (2) is rotatably connected with the No. 2 cross beam (38), the No. 1 cross beam (21) and the No. 2 cross beam (38) are arrayed on the inner wall of the top plate (2); When a new branch opening is opened, part of the support column needs to be removed, after part of the support column is removed, the pressure on the whole structure is supported by the part of the support column that is not removed, and at the same time the rotating beam at the top of the peripheral support structure and the inclined No. 2 cross beam form a supporting force on both sides and the top of the top plate, so that the force on the side of the support column that is not removed is reduced and shared to the peripheral support structure and other positions of the top plate, thereby preventing the support point from shifting to the side where the support column is left.

2. A roadway support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The fixed part (31) is a square body, the fixed part (31) includes a small square body with rounded corners, the center of the small square body with rounded corners is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a sheet-shaped square body, and the fixed part (31) is composed of the small square body with rounded corners, the connecting rod and the sheet-shaped square body.

3. A roadway support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The fixed block (33) is a regular hexagonal block, and the inner wall length of the hexagonal sleeve (47) is equal to the outer wall length of the fixed block (33).

4. A roadway support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The adapter sleeve (45) is provided with a square groove at the top, and the length and width of the square groove are equal to the length and width of the bottom surface of the fixing member (31).

5. A roadway support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The sliding rod is slidably connected in the second threaded rod (46), and the top of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a disc. The sleeve rod (44) is sleeved on the outer side of the second threaded rod (46), the diameter of the outer wall of the disc is greater than the diameter of the outer wall of the sleeve rod (44), and the upper end of the sliding rod and the disc of the second threaded rod (46) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the hexagonal sleeve (47) through the hole of the adapter sleeve (45).

6. A roadway support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top plate (2) and the horizontal plate (35) are both provided with a circular threaded hole with a diameter equal to that of the first threaded rod (34).

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