Friction damper for construction machinery and construction machinery

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction damper for engineering machinery and engineering machinery, the friction damper for engineering machinery comprising: a first friction member, comprising a first friction plate and a first connecting head for connecting to a component of the engineering machinery; a second friction member, comprising a second friction plate and a second connecting head for connecting to another component of the engineering machinery; a pre-tightening assembly for adjusting the pressure between the first friction plate and the second friction plate in a non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state, the pre-tightening assembly is located at one end of the first friction plate and the second friction plate and a pre-tightening nut threadedly engaged with the pre-tightening bolt; a limiting device, comprising a limiting shaft assembly fixedly connected to the first friction plate and a first slide groove provided on the second friction plate, the first slide groove extending along a first direction, and in a non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state, the limiting shaft assembly is located at one end of the first friction plate away from the pre-tightening assembly, and the limiting shaft assembly slidably engages with the first slide groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction of engineering machinery, and in particular to a friction damper for engineering machinery and the engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] Existing friction dampers are mostly used in the civil engineering industry. In this industry, multiple friction dampers are used together to reduce vibration, dissipate energy and resist earthquakes. Therefore, the stroke of friction dampers in buildings is often small, mostly within 20mm.

[0003] In recent years, energy dissipation and vibration reduction have become a highly active area in large-scale construction machinery. Friction dampers are currently attracting attention in construction machinery due to their simple structure, ease of installation, and convenient maintenance. For example, in applications such as gantry cranes and cantilever cranes, a friction damper is often installed between the boom's base and the slewing support. This damper dissipates energy and vibrations when the boom rises due to factors such as a rope break, preventing the boom from suddenly and uncontrollably rising. Construction machinery requires dampers with easily adjustable damping force and easy maintenance. Furthermore, construction machinery is often used in a variety of outdoor environments, requiring a wide range of damping force tonnage and large stroke requirements, often exceeding 20mm. When the stroke is large, the friction damper can generate strong lateral forces and moments due to factors such as mounting structure tolerances and stroke. Currently, the pre-tightening bolts of friction dampers on the market are mostly placed at one end, relying on high-strength pre-tightening bolts to withstand the lateral force of the damper. The pre-tightening bolts withstand the lateral force, which can easily lead to bolt bending and stroke offset. The damper produces a damping force that cannot be adjusted due to the stroke offset. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a safe and reliable friction damper for engineering machinery suitable for large-stroke energy dissipation and shock absorption.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses a friction damper for engineering machinery, which is used for energy dissipation and vibration reduction of engineering machinery and has a non-energy dissipation and vibration reduction working state and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction working state, including:

[0006] A first friction member includes a first friction plate and a first connector for connecting to a component of an engineering machine, wherein the first connector is fixedly connected to the first friction plate;

[0007] The second friction member includes a second friction plate that slides relative to the first friction plate in a first direction in an energy dissipation and shock absorption working state, and a second connector for connecting to another component of the engineering machine, wherein the second connector is fixedly connected to the second friction plate;

[0008] a pre-tightening assembly, for pressing the first friction plate and the second friction plate against each other and adjusting the pressure between the first friction plate and the second friction plate, located at one end of the first friction plate in a non-energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing working state, the pre-tightening assembly comprising a pre-tightening bolt passing through the first friction plate and the second friction plate and a pre-tightening nut threadably engaged with the pre-tightening bolt;

[0009] The limiting device includes a limiting shaft assembly fixedly connected to the first friction plate and a first slide groove provided on the second friction plate. The first slide groove extends along a first direction. In a non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state, the limiting shaft assembly is located at an end of the first friction plate away from the pre-tightening assembly, and the limiting shaft assembly slides in cooperation with the first slide groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, one of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is provided with a circular bolt hole, and the other one is provided with a second slide groove, the second slide groove extends along the first direction, and the pre-tightening bolt passes through the circular bolt hole and the second slide groove and then engages with the pre-tightening nut thread.

[0011] In some embodiments, two parallel second slide grooves are arranged at intervals on the first friction plate or the second friction plate in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the pre-tightening assembly includes a plurality of pre-tightening bolts and a plurality of pre-tightening nuts that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts one by one, and the first friction plate or the second friction plate is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged circular bolt holes that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts one by one, and the plurality of pre-tightening bolts are symmetrically arranged and match the second slide grooves.

[0012] In some embodiments, the limiting shaft assembly includes a bearing and a shaft body fixedly connected to the first friction plate, the axis of the shaft body is perpendicular to the first direction, the shaft body is installed in the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is arranged in the first slide groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second friction member includes two second friction plates arranged in parallel, and the first friction member includes a first friction plate disposed between the two second friction plates.

[0014] In some embodiments, the invention further includes a friction plate disposed between the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and the pre-tightening bolt passes through the friction plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first friction plate, the second friction plate and the first sliding groove are all in the shape of long straight lines.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first connecting head and / or the second connecting head includes a connecting hole and a joint bearing provided in the connecting hole.

[0017] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses an engineering machine, comprising any one of the friction dampers for engineering machinery described above.

[0018] Based on the friction damper for engineering machinery provided by the present invention, a limit shaft assembly and a first slide groove are arranged on the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and the limit shaft assembly is located at the end of the first friction plate away from the pre-tightening assembly in the non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state. When the friction damper plays an energy-consuming and shock-absorbing role and moves with a large stroke, the limit shaft assembly can limit the deflection of the first friction plate relative to the second friction plate by cooperating with the first slide groove, thereby helping to reduce the lateral force and offset of the pre-tightening bolt.

[0019] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a friction damper for engineering machinery in the related art;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a friction damper for engineering machinery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a friction damper for engineering machinery according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a partial cross-section of a friction damper for engineering machinery shown in FIG.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the first friction plate of the friction damper for engineering machinery shown in FIG.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic partial cross-sectional view of the first friction plate at another angle is shown;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a second friction plate of a friction damper for engineering machinery shown in FIG.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 3The structural diagram of the shaft body of the friction damper for engineering machinery shown in FIG.

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the friction plate of the friction damper for engineering machinery is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the preload assembly 3 of the friction damper of the related art is arranged at one end of the first friction member 1. When the energy dissipation and damping stroke is large, the tolerance of the mounting structure and the stroke of the friction damper will cause the first friction member 1 to generate a torque relative to the second friction member 2, thereby generating a strong lateral force and deflection moment. Figure 1 In the structure, high-strength pre-tightening bolts are mainly used to withstand the lateral force of the friction damper. The pre-tightening bolts withstand the lateral force, which can easily lead to bolt bending and stroke deviation. The friction damper generates a damping force that cannot be adjusted due to the stroke deviation.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the friction damper for construction machinery of this embodiment is used for energy dissipation and vibration reduction in construction machinery. The friction damper for construction machinery has a non-energy dissipation and vibration reduction operating state and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction operating state. In the non-energy dissipation and vibration reduction operating state, relative sliding does not occur between the first friction member 1 and the second friction member 2 of the friction damper, and no energy dissipation and vibration reduction effect occurs. In the energy dissipation and vibration reduction operating state, relative sliding occurs between the first friction member 1 and the second friction member 2 of the friction damper, and energy dissipation and vibration reduction effect occurs. The friction damper includes a first friction member 1, a second friction member 2, a preload assembly 3, and a limit device 4.

[0037] The first friction member 1 includes a first friction plate 11 and a first connecting head 12 for connecting to a component of the engineering machinery. The first connecting head 12 is fixedly connected to the first friction plate 11. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the first friction plate 11 is fixedly connected via a first connecting end plate 13.

[0038] The second friction member 2 includes a second friction plate 21 that slides in a first direction relative to the first friction plate 11 in the energy dissipation and shock absorption working state, and a second connecting head 22 for connecting to another component of the engineering machinery. The second connecting head 22 is fixedly connected to the second friction plate 21. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the second connecting head 22 and the second friction plate 21 are fixedly connected via a second connecting end plate 23.

[0039] The preload assembly 3 is used to press the first and second friction plates 11, 21 against each other and adjust the pressure between the first and second friction plates 11, 21. In the non-energy-dissipating damping operating state, the preload assembly 3 is located at one end of the first friction plate 11. This refers to the position of the preload assembly 3 at one end of the first friction plate 11. The preload assembly 3 may be fixedly connected to one end of the first friction plate 11, or it may be loosely connected to one end of the first friction plate 11. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the preload assembly 3 is loosely connected to one end of the first friction plate 11. The preload assembly 3 presses the first and second friction plates 11, 21 against each other, meaning that the preload assembly 3 consistently applies pressure to the first and second friction plates 11, 21, both in the non-energy-dissipating damping operating state and in the energy-dissipating damping operating state. This pressure provides friction between the first and second friction plates 11, 21, in the energy-dissipating damping operating state. As shown in the figure, the pre-tightening assembly 3 includes a pre-tightening bolt 31 passing through the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21 and a pre-tightening nut 32 threadedly engaged with the pre-tightening bolt 31. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the pre-tightening assembly also includes a disc spring and a gasket compressed by the pre-tightening nut 32. By adjusting the threaded engagement of the pre-tightening nut 32 and the pre-tightening bolt 31, the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21 are compressed and the pressure between the two is adjusted. In the energy-consuming working state, when one component of the engineering machinery vibrates relative to another component, the first connector connected to the one component of the engineering machinery moves relative to the second connector connected to the other component of the engineering machinery, thereby driving the first friction plate 11 to slide relative to the second friction plate 21, and mutual friction consumes energy. The mutual friction between the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21 can be achieved through direct friction between the surfaces of the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21, or through indirect friction by adding a friction member between the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21, for example Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, friction plates 5 are added.

[0040] like Figures 2 to 8As shown, the limiting device 4 includes a limiting shaft assembly fixedly connected to the first friction plate 11 and a first slide groove 24 provided on the second friction plate 21. The first slide groove 24 extends along a first direction. In the non-energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing working state, the limiting shaft assembly is located at the end of the first friction plate 11 away from the preload assembly 3. That is, the limiting shaft assembly and the preload assembly are respectively located at opposite ends of the first friction plate 11, and the limiting shaft assembly and the first slide groove 24 are slidably engaged.

[0041] The friction damper for engineering machinery of this embodiment is configured by arranging a limit shaft assembly and a first slide groove 24 on the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21, and making the limit shaft assembly be located at the end of the first friction plate 11 away from the pre-tightening assembly 3 in the non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state. When the friction damper exerts its energy-consuming and shock-absorbing function and moves with a large stroke, the limit shaft assembly can limit the deflection of the first friction plate 11 relative to the second friction plate 21 by cooperating with the first slide groove 24, and withstand the torque of the first friction member 1 relative to the second friction member 2, thereby helping to reduce the lateral force and offset of the pre-tightening bolt 31, and improving the reliability of the pre-tightening bolt 31 and the accuracy of the pressure adjustment between the first friction member 1 and the second friction member 2.

[0042] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 7 As shown, one of the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21 is provided with a circular bolt hole 25, and the other is provided with a second slide groove 14. The second slide groove 14 extends in the first direction. A pre-tightening bolt 31 passes through the circular bolt hole 25 and the second slide groove 14 and then engages with a pre-tightening nut 32. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the second friction plate 21 is provided with a circular bolt hole 25, and the first friction plate 11 is provided with a second slide groove 14. When the friction damper performs its energy dissipation and shock absorption function, the pre-tightening bolt 31, located in the circular bolt hole 25 of the second friction plate, moves with the second friction plate 21, and the pre-tightening bolt 31 slides in the second slide groove 14. During this process, the pre-tightening assembly maintains pressure between the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21.

[0043] In some embodiments, along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, two parallel second chutes 14 are arranged on the first friction plate 11 or the second friction plate 21, and the pre-tightening assembly 3 includes a plurality of pre-tightening bolts 31 and a plurality of pre-tightening nuts 32 that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts 31 one by one. The first friction plate 11 or the second friction plate 21 is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged circular bolt holes 25 that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts 31 one by one. The plurality of pre-tightening bolts 31 are symmetrically arranged and match the second chutes 14. Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, the first friction plate 11 is provided with two parallel second slide grooves 14 spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the second friction plate 21 is provided with four symmetrically arranged circular bolt holes 25, each of the four circular bolt holes 25 is inserted with a pre-tightening bolt 31. After the four pre-tightening bolts 31 pass through their respective corresponding circular bolt holes 25, two of the pre-tightening bolts 31 pass through one second slide groove 14 to cooperate with the pre-tightening nut, and the remaining two pre-tightening bolts 31 pass through the other second slide groove 14 to cooperate with the pre-tightening nut.

[0044] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the limiting shaft assembly includes a bearing and a shaft body 41 fixedly connected to the first friction plate 11. The axis of the shaft body 41 is perpendicular to the first direction. The shaft body 41 is installed in the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is disposed in the first slide groove 24. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the bearing is a roller bearing 43. The first friction plate 11 is provided with an axial hole 15, and the shaft body 41 is installed in the axial hole 15. The shaft body 41 is inserted into the inner ring of the roller bearing 43. The first slide groove 24 is a runway-shaped slide groove. The outer ring of the roller bearing 43 is inserted into the first slide groove 24. The diameter of the outer ring of the roller bearing 43 is equal to the width of the first slide groove 24, that is, the diameter of the semicircle at the end of the first slide groove 24. The end of the shaft body 41 is threadedly engaged with the lock nut 42. In this embodiment, the first slide groove 24 cooperates with the outer ring of the roller bearing 43. When the friction damper switches to the energy dissipation and shock absorption state and the second friction plate 21 slides relative to the first friction plate 11, the sliding of the shaft in the first slide groove is transformed into the sliding of the outer ring of the roller bearing 43 in the first slide groove. The outer ring of the roller bearing 43 has better rotational adaptability, thereby reducing the magnitude of the friction between the first slide groove and the limit shaft assembly in this process, so that the friction force of the friction damper can be adjusted stably and reliably by adjusting the pressure of the preload assembly, so that the friction damper can better achieve the desired friction force during energy dissipation and shock absorption.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the second friction member 2 includes two second friction plates 21 arranged in parallel, and the first friction member 1 includes a first friction plate 11 provided between the two second friction plates 21 .

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 As shown, the friction damper further includes a friction plate 5 disposed between the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21, and the pre-tightening bolt 31 passes through the friction plate 5. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the second friction plate 21 is provided with a mounting groove of the same shape as the friction plate for mounting the friction plate 5.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first friction plate 11 , the second friction plate 21 and the first sliding groove 24 are all in the shape of long straight lines, specifically, a runway shape consisting of semicircular ends and a rectangular middle.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first connector 12 and / or the second connector 22 include a connection hole and a spherical bearing disposed in the connection hole. In the embodiment shown in the figure, a first spherical bearing 121 is disposed in the connection hole of the first connector 12, and a second spherical bearing 221 is disposed in the connection hole of the second connector. The first spherical bearing 121 and the second spherical bearing 221 are respectively used to connect to components of the engineering machinery.

[0049] In some embodiments, an engineering machine is further disclosed, comprising any of the above-mentioned friction dampers for engineering machinery.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed for protection by the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction damper for engineering machinery, used for energy dissipation and vibration reduction of engineering machinery, having a non-energy dissipation and vibration reduction working state and an energy dissipation and vibration reduction working state, characterized in that: include: A first friction member includes a first friction plate and a first connector for connecting to a component of an engineering machine, wherein the first connector is fixedly connected to the first friction plate; The second friction member includes a second friction plate that slides relative to the first friction plate in a first direction in an energy dissipation and shock absorption working state, and a second connector for connecting to another component of the engineering machine, wherein the second connector is fixedly connected to the second friction plate; a pre-tightening assembly, for pressing the first friction plate and the second friction plate against each other and adjusting the pressure between the first friction plate and the second friction plate, located at one end of the first friction plate in a non-energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing working state, the pre-tightening assembly comprising a pre-tightening bolt passing through the first friction plate and the second friction plate and a pre-tightening nut threadably engaged with the pre-tightening bolt; The limiting device includes a limiting shaft assembly fixedly connected to the first friction plate and a first slide groove provided on the second friction plate. The first slide groove extends along a first direction. In a non-energy-consuming and shock-absorbing working state, the limiting shaft assembly is located at an end of the first friction plate away from the pre-tightening assembly, and the limiting shaft assembly slides in cooperation with the first slide groove.

2. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: One of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is provided with a circular bolt hole, and the other one is provided with a second slide groove, which extends along the first direction. The pre-tightening bolt passes through the circular bolt hole and the second slide groove and then engages with the pre-tightening nut thread.

3. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 2, wherein: Along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, two parallel second sliding grooves are arranged at intervals on the first friction plate or the second friction plate, the pre-tightening assembly includes a plurality of pre-tightening bolts and a plurality of pre-tightening nuts that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts one by one, and the first friction plate or the second friction plate is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged circular bolt holes that match the plurality of pre-tightening bolts one by one, and the plurality of pre-tightening bolts are symmetrically arranged and match the second sliding grooves.

4. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting shaft assembly includes a bearing and a shaft body fixedly connected to the first friction plate, the axis of the shaft body is perpendicular to the first direction, the shaft body is installed in the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is arranged in the first sliding groove.

5. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: The second friction member includes two second friction plates arranged in parallel, and the first friction member includes a first friction plate disposed between the two second friction plates.

6. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a friction plate arranged between the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and the pre-tightening bolt passes through the friction plate.

7. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: The first friction plate, the second friction plate and the first sliding groove are all in the shape of long straight lines.

8. The friction damper for construction machinery according to claim 1, wherein: The first connecting head and / or the second connecting head comprises a connecting hole and a joint bearing arranged in the connecting hole.

9. An engineering machine, characterized in that: It comprises the friction damper for engineering machinery as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images