Multi-cavity negative pressure air conditioner main unit and equipment platform thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of high-efficiency energy-saving air conditioning technology and green building, and discloses a multi-negative pressure cavity along the long side arranged air conditioner host and equipment platform. The air conditioner host comprises a finned tube heat exchanger assembly, a shell, an air conditioner compressor, a gas-liquid separator and a fan; the finned tube heat exchanger assembly comprises at least two finned tube heat exchangers, the finned tube heat exchanger comprises a horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger and / or a'mouth' shaped finned tube heat exchanger; all the finned tube heat exchangers of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are connected with the same air conditioner compressor. At least one air conditioner host is arranged in the air conditioner host equipment platform along the transverse direction; the air inlet and air distribution channel of the air conditioner host is close to the outer facade; an air exhaust cavity is arranged above the air conditioner host, and the air outlet of the air exhaust cavity is arranged and / or close to the outer facade. The present application constructs the high-efficiency heat exchange air path structure of the air conditioner host to improve the energy density; facilitates the detection and maintenance of the air conditioner host; and realizes the construction of the side-in and side-out air path structure of the outer facade of the equipment platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of high-efficiency energy-saving air conditioning technology and green building, and more specifically, relates to an air conditioning unit and its equipment platform with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along the long side. Background Technology

[0002] With the arrival of the dual-carbon era, the relationship between air conditioning units and buildings is undergoing another significant change: air conditioning units are moving away from building rooftops to make way for functions such as photovoltaic power generation, and the concept of building distributed energy systems is driving air conditioning units to enter multi-level equipment platforms within buildings.

[0003] Currently, the existing multi-split air conditioning units, air-cooled water chiller modules, and other "top-discharge" air conditioning units, as well as the relationship between the unit and the building structure, are still "two separate entities." The air conditioning unit is still the same unit, and the equipment platform is still a traditional external corridor-style structural space. Only the spatial displacement of the air conditioning unit has been implemented. Neither has adapted to the structural relationship requirements of the building's distributed energy system, resulting in a series of problems such as obstructed airflow in the air conditioning unit, reduced energy efficiency of the cooling system, excessive space occupied by air intake and exhaust channels, unreasonable use of equipment platform space, reduced power density, and increased footprint of the unit.

[0004] The existing outdoor unit and air conditioner (CN217654069U) discloses an outdoor unit comprising a body, multiple heat exchangers, and multiple fans. The body has multiple independent air ducts, and the heat exchangers are all mounted on the body, each corresponding to a specific air duct. The fans are located within each air duct. While this outdoor unit can improve the performance of different modes when the air conditioner is running simultaneously, it relies solely on a simple, repetitive combination of heat exchangers and fans. This approach cannot effectively address the problem of uneven vertical ventilation in the external heat exchangers, nor can it construct an efficient heat exchange airflow structure to improve energy density for the air conditioning unit.

[0005] The ratio of cooling capacity to floor area of ​​air conditioning main unit rooms in high-rise buildings in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins, i.e., the cooling power density of air conditioning main unit rooms, has an average value of approximately 1.16 Mw / 100㎡, or 11.6 kW / ㎡. If the cooling load per unit area of ​​the building is 100 W / ㎡, then the cooling capacity of each 1㎡ air conditioning main unit room can meet the cooling needs of 116.3㎡ of building area. The floor area of ​​the main unit room accounts for 0.85% of the total building area, which is consistent with the 0.8% recommended in the "Code for Design of Building Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning".

[0006] As the global greenhouse effect worsens, the cooling load per unit building area in the HVAC design of high-rise and super high-rise buildings is increasing. In the Yangtze River Basin, it even exceeds 200W / ㎡. Due to the increase in building heat load and the decentralized and localized nature of air conditioning units under the concept of distributed air conditioning systems, idle air conditioning resources cannot be accessed across areas or floors within the building. If the cooling power density of the main air conditioning room remains at a low level of 11.6kw / ㎡, then the cooling capacity of each 1㎡ air conditioning main air conditioning room can only meet the cooling needs of 58㎡ of building area. The area of ​​the air conditioning main air conditioning room in the total building area rises to 1.7%, which significantly exceeds the requirements of the current building HVAC design code.

[0007] In summary, existing "top-discharge" commercial central air conditioning units, such as multi-split systems and air-cooled water chiller modules, as well as the structural relationship between these units and the external corridor-style equipment platform, still present many technical challenges, including:

[0008] First, the energy density of the air conditioning unit platform is low. After multiple structural optimizations and energy efficiency improvements, the power density of the existing air conditioning units, calculated based on their floor area, has exceeded 40 kW / ㎡, while the power density of the existing air conditioning unit platform is only 11.6 kW / ㎡. This means that the floor area occupied by the air conditioning unit's air inlet and outlet ducts, maintenance passages, and ventilation blind spots on the platform is more than 2.4 times the area of ​​the air conditioning unit itself. The excessive floor area occupied by the existing air conditioning unit platform, generally exceeding 1.5% of the total building area, has become a prominent problem in building HVAC design.

[0009] Secondly, there is the problem of equipment platforms occupying excessive horizontal width of the building facade. Currently, the air intake and exhaust structures of air conditioning units and equipment platforms are unreasonable, and the utilization rate of depth and top space is low, resulting in equipment platforms occupying excessive horizontal width of the building facade. In existing high-rise buildings, equipment floors are set approximately every 12 floors, with the surrounding corridors entirely occupied by the air conditioning unit's intake and exhaust vents. The width of the building facade is a crucial resource second only to the building area in the building's performance indicators. In high-rise and super high-rise buildings, the competition for facade width by air conditioning unit equipment platforms, resulting in excessive horizontal width occupation, obstructs visual communication between the interior space and the external environment on the same floor, and has become a prominent issue in building HVAC design.

[0010] Thirdly, there is the problem of uneven vertical ventilation in the external heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side.

[0012] Another objective of this invention is to provide an air conditioning unit equipment platform.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] An air conditioning unit includes a finned tube heat exchanger assembly, a housing, an air conditioning compressor, a gas-liquid separator, and a fan;

[0015] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly includes at least two finned tube heat exchangers, and the finned tube heat exchangers include horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and / or "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers.

[0016] All refrigerant lines of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are connected to the same air conditioning compressor.

[0017] Furthermore, at least two finned tube heat exchangers are arranged inside the shell along the long side direction;

[0018] Among them, the lateral width of the front finned tube heat exchanger near the air inlet is less than or equal to the lateral width of the rear finned tube heat exchanger.

[0019] Furthermore, a heightening bracket for installing a finned tube heat exchanger is provided at the bottom of the housing;

[0020] The space below the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger inside the housing, extended by the heightening bracket, forms the air intake channel at the bottom of the air conditioning unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is disposed at the bottom of the shell; the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is disposed on the heightening bracket;

[0022] The rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger replenishes ambient fresh air at a low level through a low-level air intake channel at the bottom of the heat exchanger in front of the air conditioning unit.

[0023] Furthermore, the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is an "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger or a horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger; the rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is a horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger.

[0024] Furthermore, the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger; the opening of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger of the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is provided with a back plate, forming a negative pressure chamber.

[0025] Furthermore, the air conditioning compressor and the gas-liquid separator are located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber of the rear finned tube heat exchanger or in the lower space outside the negative pressure chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, a fan is installed at the top of the negative pressure chamber of the finned tube heat exchanger; an exhaust chamber connected to the housing is provided above the fan; the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber faces the short side of the air conditioning unit housing.

[0027] Furthermore, the fan is an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan;

[0028] An air conditioning unit platform is provided, wherein at least one air conditioning unit is arranged horizontally within the platform; the platform has an exterior facade for ventilation, and the air inlet and distribution channel of the air conditioning unit is close to the exterior facade; an exhaust cavity is provided above the air conditioning unit, and the air outlet of the exhaust cavity is located and / or close to the exterior facade.

[0029] Furthermore, the exhaust area on the facade corresponds to the exhaust port of the air conditioning unit, and the air inlet area on the facade corresponds to the air inlet of the air conditioning unit.

[0030] Furthermore, the exhaust zones on the facade are continuously arranged in the upper part of the facade, and the air intake zones on the facade are continuously arranged in the middle and lower parts of the facade. Preferably, the boundary between the exhaust zones and the air intake zones on the facade is a horizontal straight line or a boundary line that is close to a horizontal straight line.

[0031] Furthermore, the area of ​​the exhaust zone on the facade is 25% to 50% of the facade area used for ventilation.

[0032] Furthermore, the back panel of the air conditioning unit and the inner wall of the equipment platform form a three-in-one passage for pedestrians, maintenance, and installation of copper pipes and cable trays for the air conditioning system.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The air conditioning unit of this invention employs multiple horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers, a horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber, and an external heat exchanger airflow structure with side-in / side-out and same-side-in / outflow. This facilitates the air conditioning unit's entry into the equipment platform and significantly improves the platform's energy density. Its advantages include:

[0035] ① Construct an efficient heat exchange airflow structure for the air conditioning unit to improve energy density

[0036] This invention's air conditioning unit adopts an aerodynamic layout with medium-speed air intake on the lower middle part of the short side and high-speed air exhaust at the top. The main sections of the air intake and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are incorporated inside the air conditioning unit. Horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are used as basic heat exchanger units to construct the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, multiple horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are arranged. A large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is extended from the finned air intake surface of these multiple horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. A large area of ​​finned heat transfer surface is then further extended from this large area of ​​ventilation surface, thereby effectively increasing the total finned heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reducing the heat exchanger temperature difference ΔT, increasing evaporation pressure, and reducing condensation pressure, thus constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit.

[0037] In this invention, the external airflow of the air conditioner unit enters the unit at a medium speed of about 4 m / s. Inside the unit, the airflow slows down and disperses, passing through multiple finned tube external heat exchangers with a large total ventilation cross-section and a huge total heat exchange area S at a low speed of less than 1.6 m / s for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the airflow flows into the negative pressure chamber and converges towards the fan intake under the negative pressure traction of the external heat exchanger fan. After being accelerated and pressurized by the fan, the air is finally discharged from the exhaust chamber at a high speed of about 8 m / s.

[0038] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned aerodynamic layout and airflow structure. In the chain process of medium-speed airflow inlet → dispersed deceleration → heat exchange on the huge fin heat exchange area S on the total huge ventilation surface → convergence acceleration → fan pressurization → high-speed discharge, the airflow takes the fan as the power source, the negative pressure chamber as the core, and the huge heat exchanger fins as the lowest speed zone. It completes one fan pressurization and two static pressure-dynamic pressure conversions before and after the fan. It is efficient and smooth, and constructs an efficient heat exchange airflow structure inside the air conditioning unit.

[0039] The invention provides a large number of heat exchange fins for the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly by arranging multiple horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chambers along the long side of the air conditioning unit. This also effectively controls the volume of the unit and improves the energy density of the air conditioning unit, thus preparing the prerequisites for improving the energy density of the equipment platform.

[0040] ② Facilitate air conditioner unit inspection and repair

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chambers are arranged along the long side. The refrigerant circuit components such as the compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box are centrally arranged in the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger. The negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is located in the ventilation blind zone of the lower middle part of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger, which is close to the back plate. There are no moving refrigerant circuit components in the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger adjacent to the air inlet and outlet. Furthermore, the back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is located on the short side of the main unit. When installed on the equipment platform, the back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger faces the maintenance passage on the inside of the platform.

[0042] The components that may malfunction in an air conditioning unit are usually moving parts of the refrigerant circuit, such as the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box, as well as circuit components such as contactors, controllers, and sensors. The structural design of the air conditioning unit in this invention facilitates inspection and maintenance: when a malfunction occurs, the back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger can be opened through the maintenance channel on the inside of the platform. The refrigerant circuit components that may malfunction, such as the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box, are clearly visible, making inspection and maintenance very convenient and solving the inherent inspection and maintenance problems of air conditioning units.

[0043] ③ The side-inlet and side-outlet airflow structure of the equipment platform's exterior facade was implemented.

[0044] The classic top-discharge central air conditioning unit is tailor-made for rooftop terrace scenarios; moving it from the rooftop terrace to the middle floor equipment platform of the building requires an innovative combination of the air duct of the top-discharge air conditioning unit and the exterior facade of the platform.

[0045] This invention addresses the practical application scenario of central air conditioning unit design, where the height of the finned tube heat exchanger is limited to approximately 1.2m and the overall height of the unit to approximately 1.7m to control the vertical unevenness of ventilation in the external heat exchanger, and where the net height of the equipment floor in high-rise and super high-rise buildings where the central air conditioning unit is installed reaches more than 4m. It establishes an aerodynamic layout of "medium-speed air intake in the lower part of the unit, high-speed exhaust in the top exhaust chamber, with the air inlet and exhaust outlets set in the same direction and on the same side, and the ratio of air intake area to exhaust area approximately 2:1". An "exhaust chamber" with an exhaust cross-sectional area approximately half that of the air intake surface is set at the top of the negative pressure chambers of multiple external heat exchangers set along the long side, utilizing the unused space at the top of the equipment platform. This embodiment is not only compact in structure, but also features air inlet and exhaust outlets of the air conditioning unit set in the same direction, on the same side, and vertically, preparing conditions for installation on the equipment platform adjacent to the exterior facade and for constructing a side-inlet / side-outlet air path structure for the air conditioning unit in conjunction with the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

[0046] This invention features an innovative air conditioning unit with an air intake area to exhaust area ratio of approximately 2:1. The exhaust velocity is twice that of the intake velocity, and the exhaust dynamic pressure head is four times that of the intake dynamic pressure head. This effectively increases the exhaust velocity and kinetic energy of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit, and effectively improves the range and diffusion dilution effect of the exhaust jet from the air conditioning unit as it penetrates the outer facade of the equipment platform and enters the ambient atmosphere. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the total temperature difference between the condenser body and the evaporator body of a refrigeration and air conditioning system, which is the sum of the three temperature differences: the heat transfer temperature difference of the condenser body, the temperature difference of the high-temperature and low-temperature heat source, and the heat transfer temperature difference of the evaporator body.

[0048] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the pressure-enthalpy relationship of a refrigeration cycle, which is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle. This is because the increase in the total heat exchange area of ​​the external heat exchangers of a refrigeration and air conditioning system leads to an increase in evaporation pressure, resulting in an increase in the heat absorbed by the refrigerant per unit mass, a decrease in compression work, an increase in COP, an increase in the refrigerant circulation volume, and an increase in the heat absorbed by the evaporator and the heat released by the condenser.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the air conditioning unit in Example 1, where two negative pressure chambers are arranged along the long side.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a side view of the air conditioning unit in Example 1, where two negative pressure chambers are arranged along the long side.

[0051] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of two horizontal cross-sections;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of an air conditioning unit with two negative pressure chambers arranged along the long side, as shown in Example 1.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the airflow of the air conditioning unit with two negative pressure chambers arranged along the long side in Example 1.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a top view of the airflow of the air conditioning unit with two negative pressure chambers arranged along the long side in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a side view of the air conditioning unit with a heightening bracket installed at the bottom of the heat exchanger in Example 2;

[0056] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of three cross-sections;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation of the air conditioning unit with a heightening bracket installed at the bottom of the heat exchanger in Example 2.

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section of the airflow BB and CC of the air conditioning unit when the heat exchanger is equipped with a heightening bracket at the bottom in Example 2.

[0059] Figure 13 This is a side view of the air conditioning unit in Example 3, where only the heightening bracket is installed at the bottom of the front heat exchanger.

[0060] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow operation of the air conditioning unit in Example 3, where only the bottom of the front heat exchanger is equipped with a heightening bracket.

[0061] Figure 15 This is a side view of the air conditioning unit of Example 4, where both the front and rear heat exchangers are horizontal C-shaped finned tube structures.

[0062] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of three cross-sections;

[0063] Figure 17 Example 4: Vertical cross-sectional view of the airflow of the air conditioning unit, which has a horizontal C-shaped finned tube structure for both the pre- and post-heat exchangers.

[0064] Figure 18 This is a side view of the air conditioning unit with a backward-inclined external rotor centrifugal fan in Example 4.

[0065] Figure 19 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an air conditioning unit platform with two negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side;

[0066] Figure 20 A vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit platform with two negative pressure chambers set along the long side;

[0067] Figure 21 Top view of the air conditioning unit platform structure with two negative pressure chambers arranged along the long side;

[0068] Figure 22 A top view of the airflow of the air conditioning unit platform with two negative pressure chambers set along the long side;

[0069] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the air intake and exhaust areas on the exterior of the equipment platform. Detailed Implementation

[0070] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0072] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0073] Definition: An external corridor-type equipment room platform, defined as the direction perpendicular to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform as longitudinal, and the direction parallel to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform as transverse.

[0074] This invention, based on thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, innovates the performance optimization path of air conditioning unit, the air inlet and outlet structure of building equipment platform, and the energy coupling characteristics and improvements between air conditioning unit and equipment platform.

[0075] Under the concept of building distributed energy systems, the core objective of optimizing the air conditioning unit in this invention is to "reduce condensing pressure and increase evaporating pressure": reducing refrigeration condensing pressure directly reduces the compressor's compression work; while increasing the air conditioning heat pump's evaporating pressure increases the density of the low-pressure refrigerant gas drawn into the compressor, which in turn increases the refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, condenser heat release, and reduces the compression ratio and compressor exhaust temperature. If the evaporating pressure of the external heat exchanger (evaporator) of the heat pump air conditioning unit is increased from 5 kg to 6 kg in winter, the refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, and condenser heat release of the air conditioning heat pump system will inevitably increase by about 20% simultaneously, and the compressor compression ratio and compressor exhaust temperature will also drop accordingly. The physical judgment that "evaporating pressure (evaporating temperature) is the primary factor of the refrigeration system" is the technical starting point and support for the continuous optimization of the refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0076] This invention, in specific scenarios involving low-temperature and high-temperature heat sources, achieves the goal of "reducing condensing pressure, especially increasing evaporating pressure" in the air conditioning unit. Based on the relationship between the heat transfer capacity Q of the finned tube heat exchangers (evaporator, condenser, etc.) and the overall heat transfer coefficient K, heat transfer area S, and the temperature difference ΔT between the refrigerant and air (Q = K × S × ΔT), this invention derives the technical path judgment that "the key to improving the evaporating pressure, reducing the condensing pressure, and improving the heat transfer capacity of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit lies in increasing the total heat transfer area S."

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2) is the fundamental factor determining the core indicator COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system. A higher (T2-t2) will result in a lower COP, and vice versa. The COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system is inversely related to the difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2). The difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2) is the sum of three temperature differences: the condenser body heat transfer temperature difference (T2-T1), the high-temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source temperature difference (T1-t1), and the evaporator body heat transfer temperature difference (t1-t2). Therefore, given that the temperature difference between the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source (T1-t1) is an objective reality that cannot be changed, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference between the condenser body (T2-T1) and the evaporator body (t1-t2) is the only way to reduce the difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature (T2-t2) in the air conditioning heat pump system. This is the only way to reduce the system condensing pressure (condensing temperature), increase the system evaporating temperature (evaporating pressure), increase the system refrigerant circulation, increase the heat absorption of the evaporator and the heat release of the condenser, and increase the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0078] In current refrigeration and air conditioning systems, the widespread use of corrugated fins, slotted fins, and internally threaded copper tubes in finned tube heat exchangers such as evaporators and condensers has brought the overall heat transfer coefficient K of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit close to its peak value, significantly reducing the marginal effect of further optimizing the K value. Furthermore, under specific low-temperature and high-temperature heat source scenarios—that is, under conditions where the temperature, humidity, and other thermophysical properties of the high-temperature and low-temperature media in which the condenser and evaporator operate are specifically determined—increasing the ΔT between the low-temperature medium between the evaporator fins (e.g., low-temperature indoor air in summer) and the refrigerant in the copper tubes inevitably lowers the evaporation temperature and pressure. Conversely, increasing the ΔT between the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas in the condenser copper tubes and the high-temperature medium between the fins (e.g., high-temperature ambient air in summer) inevitably raises the condensation pressure and temperature. Therefore, increasing the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT between the evaporator and condenser impairs the refrigerant circulation, heat absorption capacity, heat release capacity, and COP of the entire refrigeration system.

[0079] Based on the above thermodynamic analysis, the present invention focuses on increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger among the three factors K, S, and ΔT that constitute the heat transfer Q of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention reduces the body heat transfer temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser by increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger, thereby increasing the evaporation pressure and decreasing the condensation pressure. This achieves the goals of increasing refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, condenser heat release, and the COP of the refrigeration system. The technical effect of increasing the total heat transfer area of ​​the external heat exchanger is particularly evident in the improvement of the evaporation temperature and evaporation pressure of the evaporator.

[0081] Evaporation pressure is the primary factor in heat pump systems, and its impact on the performance of refrigeration and heat pump systems is as follows: Figure 2 As shown (the vertical axis represents condensation pressure, the horizontal axis represents enthalpy, 1-2-3-4 in the figure represents the original circulation path, and 1-2-3'-4' represents the circulation path of this invention):

[0082] (1) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') directly leads to an increase in the heat absorbed by the refrigerant per unit mass in the refrigeration system (h4'-h4) and a decrease in the compressor's compression work (h4'-h4), thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio;

[0083] (2) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') also directly leads to an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the refrigerant circulation of the fixed frequency heat pump system, resulting in an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the heat absorption power of the evaporator and the heating power of the condenser.

[0084] (3) Increased evaporation pressure also directly leads to a decrease in compression ratio and a decrease in compressor exhaust temperature, effectively inhibiting the deterioration of lubricating oil and the degradation of compressor motor insulation performance.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] like Figure 3-8 As shown, an air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side includes a finned tube heat exchanger assembly, a housing, an air conditioning compressor 121, a gas-liquid separator 126, and a fan 38.

[0087] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly includes two finned tube heat exchangers 37, one a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger and the other a U-type finned tube heat exchanger; the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 is a U-type finned tube heat exchanger. The rear finned tube heat exchanger 372 is a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0088] A front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 371 and a rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 372 are arranged along the long side inside the shell.

[0089] All finned tube heat exchangers 37 in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are connected to the same air conditioning compressor 121.

[0090] The finned tube heat exchanger 37 is equipped with a refrigerant path 134 and a lotus-shaped gas collection pipe.

[0091] Among them, the lateral width d of the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 near the air inlet 125 is smaller than the lateral width d of the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372.

[0092] The refrigerant circuit assembly, including the air conditioning compressor 121, gas-liquid separator 126, four-way valve 150, expansion valve, and electrical box, is located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372; more specifically, it is located in the lower middle part of the back plate of the negative pressure chamber close to the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372.

[0093] A fan 38 is installed at the top of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the finned tube heat exchanger 37. An exhaust chamber 33 connected to the housing is provided above the fan 38; the exhaust port 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 faces the short side of the air conditioning unit housing.

[0094] Fan 38 is an axial flow fan.

[0095] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit and the indoor heat exchanger 127 are connected to form an air conditioning system.

[0096] The air conditioning unit in this embodiment innovates its design by increasing the total ventilation cross-sectional area and total fin area of ​​the finned tube heat exchanger assembly and reducing the heat transfer temperature difference of the external heat exchanger.

[0097] ① Innovative host structure design

[0098] This embodiment uses horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers as basic heat exchanger units to construct the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are installed. A large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is spread out along the air inlet surface of the fin group of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. A huge area of ​​fin heat transfer surface is then spread out again on the large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface, thereby effectively increasing the total fin heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT, increasing the evaporation pressure and reducing the condensation pressure, and increasing Q and COP, thus constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit.

[0099] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit has two external heat exchanger negative pressure chambers along its long side. These chambers include those using horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. The negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger is located far from the air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning unit. The lateral width d of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchanger is smaller than the width of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger in the same direction. The chamber is located close to and raised above the air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning unit, thus incorporating the main sections of the air inlet and outlet channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly into the interior of the air conditioning unit.

[0100] In this embodiment, one C-type finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber and one horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber are set up on the ground near the short side of the C-type finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber. The air conditioning unit compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, electrical box and other refrigerant circuit components are set in the C-type finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber.

[0101] ② Innovative design of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger inlet and outlet airflow.

[0102] This embodiment is designed with multiple external heat exchanger negative pressure chambers as the core.

[0103] In this embodiment, the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger and the horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchanger negative pressure chamber of the air conditioning unit are both composed of a base plate, side plates, an external finned tube heat exchanger, and a top plate. The top plate has an air outlet for the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger, and a fan is installed at the air outlet.

[0104] The horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger and the horizontal "mouth" type finned tube heat exchanger are their respective negative pressure chamber air inlets; an exhaust chamber is set above the top plate of the negative pressure chamber, and the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is set on the same side as the air inlet of the air conditioning unit. The air inlets of multiple exhaust chambers are connected to the air outlet of the fan in the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger and the horizontal "mouth" type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0105] In this embodiment, the lateral width d of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal "mouth" finned tube heat exchanger is smaller than the lateral width d of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger. Thus, a large-section horizontal air inlet channel for the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is constructed in the outer space of the horizontal "mouth" finned tube heat exchanger. Air is sequentially supplied to the "mouth" finned tube heat exchanger and the C-type finned tube heat exchanger from the air inlet longitudinally to the rear.

[0106] In this embodiment, an air conditioning unit exhaust cavity is set up above the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, utilizing the unused space at the top of the equipment platform. The exhaust port of the exhaust cavity is set on the same side and above and below the air inlet of the air inlet channel, and the area of ​​the exhaust port is significantly smaller than the area of ​​the air inlet.

[0107] In this embodiment, multiple fans are used to establish the airflow field for the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit: multiple fans draw air from the negative pressure chambers of their respective connected horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers to create negative pressure inside the chambers. This draws ambient air into the air conditioning unit at medium speed through the air inlet, then disperses and slows down, flowing at low speed through the fin gaps of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers to complete heat exchange before entering their respective negative pressure chambers. The air then converges and accelerates to flow into the fan inlet with the lowest pressure, and finally is pressurized by the fan and discharged at high speed through the exhaust chamber.

[0108] ③ Innovative design of refrigeration circuit

[0109] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit innovatively places the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, gas-liquid separator and other refrigeration circuit components in the lower middle part of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger, close to the back plate of the negative pressure chamber. This area is exactly the ventilation blind zone of the negative pressure chamber of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger. These components, along with the external heat exchanger, refrigerant connecting pipes, indoor unit heat exchanger, and other assemblies, form a refrigeration and air conditioning cycle loop in the order of compressor-four-way valve-condenser-expansion valve-evaporator-four-way valve-gas-liquid separator-compressor. The compressor, as the power source of the refrigeration cycle loop, establishes high and low pressure states for the refrigerant in the condenser and evaporator pipes, driving the refrigerant to circulate and undergo repeated phase changes in the refrigeration cycle loop to achieve "heat transfer." Specifically, the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat through evaporation in the evaporator pipes and then absorbs heat from the low-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat absorption area S of the copper pipes. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas releases heat through condensation in the condenser pipes and then releases heat to the high-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat release area S of the copper pipes. This achieves the migration of heat from the low-temperature environment where the air conditioner evaporator is located to the high-temperature environment where the condenser is located.

[0110] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit is running, multiple fans in the negative pressure chambers of the two external heat exchangers along the long side of the air conditioning unit operate, drawing air from the negative pressure chambers of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers and the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchangers that are connected to each other. This creates negative pressure in the negative pressure chambers, pulling the ambient air from the outside of the facade into the air conditioning unit at a medium speed of about 4 m / s. After entering the air conditioning unit, the ambient air flows through the large cross-section air intake channel, and is further dispersed and slowed down, flowing towards the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers and the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube external heat exchangers, which have a large total ventilation cross-section and a huge total fin area. It then flows through the fin gaps of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchangers and the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchangers at a low speed of about 1.6 m / s, realizing the heat exchange between the ambient air and the refrigerant in the copper tubes of the external heat exchangers. After heat exchange, the air entering the negative pressure chamber then gathers and accelerates to flow into the fan intake port with the lowest pressure, and is pressurized by the fan and discharged outward at a high speed of about 8 m / s through the exhaust chamber.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] This embodiment is similar in structure to Embodiment 1, except that, as Figure 9-12 As shown, a heightening bracket 136 for mounting the finned tube heat exchanger 37 is provided at the bottom of the housing; the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 is mounted on the heightening bracket 136.

[0113] The space expanded by the heightening bracket 136 at the lower part of the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 inside the shell forms the air intake channel 135 at the bottom of the air conditioning unit, which solves the problem of uneven vertical ventilation of the heat exchanger.

[0114] The rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 372 is mounted on the heightening bracket 136, and the heightening bracket 136 is enclosed on all sides, forming a compressor chamber for housing the refrigerant circuit assembly, including the air conditioning compressor 121, gas-liquid separator 126, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box.

[0115] The rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger replenishes ambient fresh air at a low level through the low-level air intake channel at the bottom of the heat exchanger in front of the air conditioning unit.

[0116] In this embodiment, the horizontal "U" finned tube heat exchanger of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly has the same or similar lateral width as the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger, and the horizontal "U" finned tube heat exchanger is raised. In this embodiment, the horizontal "U" finned tube heat exchanger is raised, and the space under it is used as an air duct to supply fresh air to the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0117] Both this embodiment and the air conditioning unit described in Embodiment 1 adopt an aerodynamic layout with medium-speed air intake on the lower middle part of the short side and high-speed air exhaust at the top. The main sections of the air intake and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are incorporated into the air conditioning unit. Horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are used as the basic heat exchanger units to construct the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are set up, and a large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is spread out along the air intake surface of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. A huge area of ​​fin heat transfer surface is then spread out again on the large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface, thereby effectively expanding the total heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT, increasing the evaporation pressure and reducing the condensation pressure, constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit, and preparing the preconditions for improving the energy density of the equipment platform.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] like Figure 13-14 As shown, this embodiment is similar in structure to Embodiment 2, except that...

[0120] The rear finned tube heat exchanger 372 is located at the bottom of the shell; the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 is located on the heightening bracket 136.

[0121] The space extended by the heightening bracket 136 at the lower part of the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 inside the casing forms the air intake channel 135 at the bottom of the air conditioning unit.

[0122] The refrigerant circuit assembly, including the air conditioning compressor 121, gas-liquid separator 126, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box, is located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372.

[0123] The rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 372 faces the air intake channel 135 at the bottom of the air conditioning unit for low-level air intake.

[0124] In this embodiment, the position of the rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 372 is lowered to the bottom plate of the air conditioning unit, covering the compressor and other refrigerant circuit components.

[0125] This embodiment has all the advantages of Embodiment 2. Furthermore, due to the lowering of the position of the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372 to the bottom plate of the air conditioning unit, the air intake duct structure of the air conditioning unit is changed: during operation, the low-position air intake of the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372 induces the rearward ventilation of the air duct below the bottom plate of the front finned tube heat exchanger 371; the air intake surface resources of the air conditioning unit are further optimized, with the upper half of the air intake surface mainly supplying air to the front finned tube heat exchanger 371 and the lower half mainly supplying air to the rear finned tube heat exchanger 372. The air supply duct combination is more optimized, and the operating resistance is further reduced.

[0126] Both the air conditioning unit described in this embodiment and Embodiment 2 adopt an aerodynamic layout with medium-speed air intake on the lower middle part of the short side and high-speed air exhaust at the top, incorporating the main sections of the air intake and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly inside the air conditioning unit. Horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are used as basic heat exchanger units to construct the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are installed, attached to the air intake surface of the finned tubes of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. A large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is unfolded, and a huge area of ​​finned heat transfer surface is further unfolded on the large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface to construct a heavy-duty air conditioning unit, which prepares the preconditions for improving the energy density of the equipment platform; and the horizontal "U" type finned tube heat exchanger and the horizontal C type finned tube heat exchanger of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly have the same or similar horizontal width. The horizontal "U" type finned tube heat exchanger is set up in a raised position, and the horizontal C type finned tube heat exchanger is set on the ground. The space under the raised horizontal "U" type finned tube heat exchanger is used as an air duct to supply fresh air to the horizontal C type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0127] Example 4

[0128] This embodiment is similar in structure to Embodiment 2, except that, as Figure 15-18 As shown, the rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 372 is a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger.

[0129] The front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 371 is a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger; the opening of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger of the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 371 is provided with a back plate, forming a negative pressure chamber 124.

[0130] like Figure 17 As shown, fan 38 is a backward-curved external rotor centrifugal fan. In this embodiment, the use of a backward-curved external rotor centrifugal fan results in stronger airflow and higher ventilation efficiency.

[0131] In this embodiment, the horizontal cross-section of the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger 371 is changed to a C-shape, and a back plate is installed at the C-shaped opening.

[0132] In this embodiment, since the front finned tube heat exchanger is C-shaped and the back plate is located on the rear side of the heat exchanger, the upward air supply channel between the front and rear finned tube heat exchangers only provides fresh air to the rear finned tube heat exchanger. The airflow in the upward channel is smoother and the operating resistance is smaller.

[0133] Both the air conditioning unit described in this embodiment and Embodiment 3 adopt an aerodynamic layout with medium-speed air intake on the lower middle part of the short side and high-speed air exhaust at the top. The main sections of the air intake and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are incorporated into the air conditioning unit. In the limited space of the air conditioning unit, a large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is extended along the air intake surface of the finned tube heat exchanger fin assembly. A huge area of ​​fin heat transfer surface is then extended again on the large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface, thus constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit and preparing the preconditions for improving the energy density of the equipment platform.

[0134] Example 5

[0135] like Figure 19-23 As shown, an air conditioning unit equipment platform is provided, in which multiple air conditioning units of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4 are arranged horizontally within the equipment platform; only one row of air conditioning units is arranged horizontally within the equipment platform.

[0136] The equipment platform has an exterior facade 1 for ventilation, and the air intake and distribution channel of the air conditioning unit is close to the exterior facade 1; the air inlet 125 is close to the exterior facade 1.

[0137] An exhaust chamber 33 is provided above the air conditioning unit, and the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is close to the exterior facade 1.

[0138] The exhaust area 132 on the exterior facade 1 corresponds to the air conditioner unit exhaust port 331, and the air inlet area 34 on the exterior facade 1 corresponds to the air conditioner unit air inlet port 125.

[0139] The exhaust zones 132 on facade 1 are continuously arranged on the upper part of the facade, and the air intake zones 34 on facade 1 are continuously arranged on the middle and lower parts of the facade. The boundary between the exhaust zones 132 and the air intake zones 34 on facade 1 is a horizontal straight line or the boundary line is close to a horizontal straight line.

[0140] The area of ​​the exhaust zone on facade 1 is 25% to 50% of the facade area used for ventilation. Facades used for ventilation refer to facades where airflow enters and exits.

[0141] The back panel 39 of the air conditioning unit and the inner wall 2 of the equipment platform form a three-in-one passage 51 for pedestrians, maintenance, and installation of air conditioning system copper pipes and cable trays.

[0142] This embodiment utilizes the unused space at the top of the equipment platform to set up an exhaust chamber. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is set on the same side and above the air inlet of the air inlet channel. The area of ​​the exhaust port is significantly smaller than the area of ​​the air inlet.

[0143] An entrance door 152 is provided on the equipment platform 151.

[0144] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit platform has the vertical exterior facade as its longitudinal direction and the horizontal facade as its parallel direction.

[0145] In this embodiment, multiple air conditioning units are installed horizontally at intervals on the equipment platform. The air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning units face the exterior facade, that is, the long side of the air conditioning unit is set as vertical and the short side is set as horizontal.

[0146] This embodiment addresses the major problems of low energy density of the air conditioning unit and equipment platform, and excessive horizontal width of the equipment platform occupying the building facade. While ensuring convenient installation and maintenance of the air conditioning unit, it innovatively restructures the external heat exchanger airflow system:

[0147] ① High power density air conditioning unit adopted

[0148] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit incorporates the main sections of the air inlet and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The air conditioning unit uses horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers as basic heat exchanger units to construct the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are installed, and a large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is extended along the fin inlet surface of the horizontal C-type and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. A large area of ​​finned heat transfer surface is then further extended on this large area of ​​ventilation surface, thereby effectively increasing the total finned heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT, increasing evaporation pressure, and reducing condensation pressure, thus constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit.

[0149] ②Reorganize the airflow path of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger

[0150] In the lower space of the equipment platform, air conditioning units are arranged horizontally adjacent to each other. Between the horizontally adjacent air conditioning units and the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube external heat exchangers, and below the bottom plate of the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube external heat exchangers, a longitudinal fresh air channel is constructed for the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The space below the bottom plate of the front finned tube heat exchanger, together with the longitudinal air duct formed by the horizontal spacing between the adjacent air conditioning units, serves as a fresh air duct to supply fresh air to the rear finned tube heat exchanger.

[0151] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform no longer relies on the traditional longitudinal and transverse air supply ducts on the equipment platform, but instead directly introduces fresh air from the exterior facade of the equipment platform; the exhaust adopts the top exhaust mode, and the exhaust air from the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is directly discharged into the ambient atmosphere outside the exterior facade through the top exhaust cavity.

[0152] ③Developing idle and inefficient space on equipment platforms

[0153] Air conditioning unit exhaust chambers are spaced out in the top space of the equipment platform;

[0154] The air conditioning unit is spaced approximately 100mm horizontally to allow for vertical pulling out and feeding of the air conditioning unit.

[0155] Between the inner wall of the equipment platform and the horizontally arranged air conditioning units, pedestrian walkways and maintenance walkways are set up; above the maintenance walkways, cable trays are set up to house the copper pipes connecting the indoor and outdoor units of the air conditioning system, as well as the power cables and signal lines of the air conditioning units, thus realizing the "three-in-one" development of the equipment platform's idle and inefficient space by combining pedestrian walkways, maintenance walkways, and cable trays.

[0156] During operation of this embodiment, the fan in the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger, which is arranged longitudinally inside the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform, operates to draw air from the negative pressure chambers of the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger and the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger, which are connected to each other. This creates negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber, pulling the ambient air through the outer facade of the equipment platform and into the interior of the air conditioning unit. After entering the interior of the unit, the ambient air is pushed backward from the sides and bottom of the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger, dispersed and slowed down, and flows towards the horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger. It flows at low speed through the gaps between the fins of the external heat exchanger, realizing the heat exchange between the ambient air and the refrigerant in the copper tubes of the external heat exchanger. After heat exchange, the ambient air enters the negative pressure chamber, is further gathered and accelerated, and flows into the fan intake port with the lowest pressure. It is then pressurized by the fan and passes through the exhaust chamber, passing through the top of the outer facade of the equipment platform, and is injected into the ambient atmosphere at high speed for diffusion and dilution.

[0157] This embodiment addresses the problems of low energy density of the air conditioning unit and equipment platform, and excessive horizontal width occupation of the equipment platform on the building facade. While ensuring convenient installation and maintenance of the air conditioning unit, it reorganizes the airflow system of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit. Its advantages include:

[0158] ① Construct a smooth side-inlet and side-outlet airflow system for the air conditioning unit through the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

[0159] This embodiment addresses the practical application scenario where the net height of the central air conditioning unit platform exceeds 4m. It establishes an aerodynamic layout of "medium-speed air intake on the platform facade and the lower part of the air conditioning unit, high-speed air exhaust at the top, with the air intake and exhaust vents set in the same direction and on the same side, and the air intake area: exhaust area ≈ 2:1". An "exhaust cavity" with an exhaust cross-sectional area of ​​approximately 1 / 2 of the air intake surface is set at the top of the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit, thus developing the air duct function of the top space of the equipment platform. The air exhaust and air intake vents of the air conditioning unit are set in the same direction, on the same side, and vertically on the exterior facade of the equipment platform, constructing a smooth side-in and side-out, same-side-in and same-side-out airflow structure system for the air conditioning unit equipment platform.

[0160] In this embodiment, under the design concept of air intake area: exhaust area ≈ 2:1 on the outer facade of the equipment platform, the exhaust speed reaches twice the intake speed, and the exhaust dynamic pressure head reaches four times the intake dynamic pressure head. This effectively improves the exhaust speed and kinetic energy of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit, and effectively improves the range and diffusion dilution effect of the exhaust air penetrating the outer facade of the equipment platform and entering the ambient atmosphere.

[0161] ②Increase the power density of the equipment platform and reduce the footprint of the equipment platform

[0162] This embodiment uses horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers as basic heat exchanger units to construct the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, multiple horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers are set up. A large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface is spread out along the air inlet surface of the fin groups of multiple horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and horizontal "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. A huge area of ​​fin heat transfer surface is then spread out again on the large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface, thereby effectively increasing the total fin heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT, increasing the evaporation pressure and reducing the condensation pressure, thus constructing a heavy-duty air conditioning unit.

[0163] This embodiment utilizes an air conditioning unit with heavy-duty characteristics. It develops air intake channels in the side and underside of the horizontal "U"-shaped finned tube external heat exchanger, and exhaust ducts in the unused space at the top of the equipment platform, replacing the traditional longitudinal and transverse air supply ducts. Through innovative layout, the equipment platform in this embodiment reduces the lateral spacing between air conditioning units, combining pedestrian walkways, maintenance walkways, and copper pipe cable tray passages into a single unit. This significantly reduces the footprint of ineffective and inefficient spaces and ventilation blind spots, increasing the average cooling and heating power density (i.e., cooling and heating capacity per unit area) of the air conditioning unit platform from approximately 11.6 kW / m² to over 25 kW / m², an increase of over 100%. Under the same cooling and heating load, it saves half the equipment platform area.

[0164] ③Reduce the horizontal width of the equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit.

[0165] The width of a building facade is a crucial resource in the building index system, second only to the building area. Currently, the air conditioning unit's air inlet and outlet surfaces occupy too much of the horizontal width of the building's equipment floor facade, which obstructs ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space and the external environment on the same floor. This has become a prominent problem in building HVAC design.

[0166] This embodiment improves the power density of the air conditioning unit by reorganizing the internal external heat exchanger and the air inlet and outlet paths of the external heat exchanger. Furthermore, it reorganizes the structural relationship between the air conditioning unit and the equipment platform, significantly reducing inefficient and ineffective space. As a result, under the same building heat load conditions, it significantly reduces the floor area occupied by the equipment platform and the lateral width of the building equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit, thus ensuring ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space of the same floor and the external environment.

[0167] ④ Facilitate air conditioner unit inspection and repair

[0168] The air conditioning unit used in this embodiment has multiple external heat exchanger negative pressure chambers arranged longitudinally. The compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve, expansion valve, electrical box and other refrigerant circuit components are centrally arranged in the negative pressure chamber of the rear C-type finned tube heat exchanger. There are no refrigerant circuit components inside and outside the negative pressure chamber of the front horizontal "mouth" finned tube heat exchanger except for the fan.

[0169] In this embodiment, the back panel of the negative pressure chamber of the C-type finned tube heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit faces the maintenance channel inside the equipment platform, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the air conditioning unit. When a fault occurs, the back panel of the negative pressure chamber of the C-type finned tube heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit can be opened through the maintenance channel inside the equipment platform. The refrigerant circuit components such as the compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box that may be faulty are clearly visible, making inspection and maintenance very convenient. This embodiment solves the inherent inspection and maintenance problems of the air conditioning unit.

[0170] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side, characterized in that, Includes finned tube heat exchanger assembly, shell, air conditioning compressor, gas-liquid separator and fan; The finned tube heat exchanger assembly includes at least two finned tube heat exchangers, and the finned tube heat exchangers include horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchangers and / or "U"-type finned tube heat exchangers. All refrigerant lines of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are connected to the same air conditioning compressor. At least two finned tube heat exchangers are spaced apart along the long side inside the shell. The gap between the front finned tube heat exchanger and the rear finned tube heat exchanger along the long side serves as an air inlet channel. Both the front finned tube heat exchanger and the rear finned tube heat exchanger independently form a negative pressure chamber. Among them, the lateral width of the front finned tube heat exchanger near the air inlet is less than or equal to the lateral width of the rear finned tube heat exchanger. The air conditioning compressor and the gas-liquid separator are located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber of the rear finned tube heat exchanger or in the lower space outside the negative pressure chamber. A fan is installed at the top of the negative pressure chamber of the finned tube heat exchanger; an exhaust chamber connected to the shell is provided above the fan; the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber faces the short side of the air conditioner unit shell; The air conditioning unit is installed on a semi-enclosed equipment platform, and at least one air conditioning unit is arranged horizontally inside the equipment platform; the equipment platform has an exterior facade for ventilation, and the air inlet and distribution channel of the air conditioning unit is close to the exterior facade; the air outlet of the exhaust cavity is located and / or close to the exterior facade; The bottom of the housing is provided with a heightening bracket for installing the finned tube heat exchanger; the rear finned tube heat exchanger is located at the bottom of the housing; the front finned tube heat exchanger is located on the heightening bracket. The space below the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger inside the housing, extended by the heightening bracket, forms the air intake channel at the bottom of the air conditioning unit.

2. The air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger replenishes the ambient fresh air through a low-level air intake channel at the bottom of the heat exchanger in front of the air conditioning unit.

3. The air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is an "U"-shaped finned tube heat exchanger or a horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger; the rear-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is a horizontal C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger.

4. The air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is a horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger; the opening of the horizontal C-type finned tube heat exchanger of the front-mounted finned tube heat exchanger is provided with a back plate, forming a negative pressure chamber.

5. The air conditioning unit with multiple negative pressure chambers arranged along its long side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan is either an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan.

6. An air conditioning unit equipment platform, characterized in that, At least one air conditioning unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is arranged horizontally within the equipment platform; the equipment platform has an exterior facade for ventilation, and the air inlet and distribution channel of the air conditioning unit is close to the exterior facade; an exhaust chamber is provided above the air conditioning unit, and the air outlet of the exhaust chamber is located and / or close to the exterior facade.

7. The air conditioning unit equipment platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust area on the exterior facade corresponds to the exhaust port of the air conditioning unit, and the air inlet area on the exterior facade corresponds to the air inlet of the air conditioning unit.

8. The air conditioning unit platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust zones on the facade are continuously arranged on the upper part of the facade, and the air intake zones on the facade are continuously arranged on the middle and lower parts of the facade.

9. The air conditioning unit platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The area of ​​the exhaust zone on the facade is 25% to 50% of the facade area used for ventilation.

10. The air conditioning unit equipment platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The back panel of the air conditioning unit and the inner wall of the equipment platform form a three-in-one passage for pedestrians, maintenance, and installation of copper pipes and cable trays for the air conditioning system.

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