antenna

Abstract

This invention provides an antenna. The antenna includes a first radiator located in a first layer and connected to a ground layer in a second layer. In a top view of the antenna, the first radiator has a first side, a second side, a third side, a fourth side, and a first arcuate side. The second side and the third side connect to the two ends of the first side. The fourth side connects to one end of the third side and is opposite to the first side. The two ends of the first arcuate side, having a first radius, connect to the second side and the fourth side, respectively. The first arcuate side has a first arc length corresponding to a first central angle of less than 90°.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly, to a radiator and conductive parasitic components of a dipole antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are fundamental components of all modern electronic devices requiring radio frequency (RF) functionality, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops. As communication standards evolve to provide faster data transmission rates and higher throughput, the requirements for antennas become increasingly challenging. For example, to meet the requirements of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication in the FR2 (Frequency Range 2) bands with dual-polarization diversity MIMO (multi-input multi-output), antennas need to support bandwidths greater than 19.5% and 26.3% in two non-overlapping frequency bands, from 24.25 GHz to 29.5 GHz and from 37.0 GHz to 48.2 GHz, respectively. It also needs to be able to transmit and receive independent signals with different polarizations (e.g., two signals carrying two different data streams via horizontal and vertical polarization), where high signal isolation exists between these different polarizations to provide high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD).

[0003] Furthermore, antennas need to be compact because modern electronic devices require thinness, lightness, and portability, and these devices have limited space available for antennas. Therefore, antennas need to have a high bandwidth-to-volume ratio, which represents the bandwidth per unit volume (e.g., in Hz / (mm3)).

[0004] In existing technologies, stacked patch antennas can support two frequency bands by stacking two patches together, but this cannot meet the bandwidth requirements of 5G mobile communication. The bandwidth-to-volume ratio of stacked patch antennas is also relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, it provides an overview to introduce the concepts, key points, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Selected embodiments are further described in the detailed description below. Therefore, the following summary is neither intended to identify the essential features of the claimed subject matter nor to define the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an antenna, wherein the antenna includes a first radiator located on a first layer and connected to a ground layer located on a second layer, wherein, in a top view of the antenna, the first radiator has: a first side; a second side and a third side connected to opposite ends of the first side;

[0007] The fourth side is connected to one end of the third side and the end is opposite to the first side; and the first arc side has a first radius, the two ends of the first arc side are respectively connected to the second side and the fourth side, wherein the first arc side has a first arc length corresponding to a first central angle of less than 90°.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first side has a first length that is less than or equal to 90% of the first radius.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first side and the third side are symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry that is parallel to the first radius and intersects the midpoint of the first arcuate side.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second side and the fourth side are symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry that is parallel to the first radius and intersects the midpoint of the first arcuate side.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first included angle between the first side and the third side is equal to 90°.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second included angle between the first side and the second side is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.

[0013] In some embodiments, the included angle between the third side and the fourth side is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least one of the second side and the fourth side includes a straight side, a curved side, or a bent side.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first radiator has a notch at the second side.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fourth included angle between the extending direction of the second side and the extending direction of the notch is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0017] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes a second radiator located on the first layer, wherein the second radiator is connected to the ground layer and spaced apart from the first radiator by a gap, the second radiator having a second axis of symmetry, wherein a fourth included angle between the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry is 90°, 180° or 270°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the gap extends along a geometric line, and the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the geometric line.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first radiator further includes a fifth side, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the first side and the third side, wherein the first axis of symmetry intersects the midpoint of the fifth side.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes a feeding assembly that is insulated from the first radiator, the second radiator and the ground layer, wherein the feeding assembly is located in a third layer, which is located between the first layer and the second layer or is the same as one of the first layer and the second layer.

[0021] In some embodiments, the power supply component extends along the gap.

[0022] In some embodiments, the fourth included angle between the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry is 180°, and the power supply component extends along the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power supply component extends below the first radiator.

[0024] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes a first conductive parasitic component, which is insulated from the first radiator and the ground layer. The first conductive parasitic component includes a dart-shaped intermediate segment located between two claw-shaped radial segments. The dart-shaped intermediate segment is located in a fourth layer, which is situated between the first layer and the second layer. In a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiator, the first conductive parasitic component overlaps with the first radiator, and the two claw-shaped radial segments point towards the center of the first radiator.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first radiator has a first notch on the second side and a second notch on the fourth side, and in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiator, the two claw-shaped radial segments clamp the first notch and the second notch.

[0026] In some embodiments, in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiator, the two claw-shaped radial segments point toward the center of the first radiator along the extending directions of the first notch and the second notch.

[0027] In some embodiments, in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiator, a portion of the two claw-shaped radial segments protrudes from the first notch and the second notch.

[0028] In some embodiments, the two claw-shaped radial segments are located in a fifth layer, wherein the fifth layer is located between the first layer and the fourth layer.

[0029] In some embodiments, the two claw-shaped radial segments are located in the fifth layer, wherein the fourth layer is located between the first layer and the fifth layer.

[0030] In some embodiments, the two claw-shaped radial segments are located in the fourth layer.

[0031] In some embodiments, the dart-shaped middle segment has a first line width, and the two claw-shaped radial segments have a second line width different from the first line width.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an antenna comprising a plurality of separate radiators located on a first layer and connected to a ground plane of a second layer, wherein, in a top view of the antenna, each radiator has: a first side; a second side and a third side connected to opposite ends of the first side; a fourth side connected to one end of the third side and opposite to the first side; and a first arc side having a first radius, wherein the first side has a first length less than or equal to 90% of the first radius, and the included angle between the first side and the second side is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.

[0033] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes: a plurality of conductive parasitic components insulated from the plurality of separate radiators and the ground layer; and, in a top view of the plurality of conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separate radiators, each conductive parasitic component overlaps with a corresponding radiator, wherein each conductive parasitic component includes: a dart-shaped intermediate segment located between two claw-shaped radial segments pointing toward the center of the corresponding radiator, wherein the dart-shaped intermediate segment and the two claw-shaped radial segments are located in different layers between the first layer and the second layer.

[0034] Thirdly, the present invention provides an antenna comprising a plurality of separate radiators located on a first layer and connected to a ground plane of a second layer, wherein, in a top view of the antenna, each radiator has: a first side; a second side and a third side connected to opposite ends of the first side; a fourth side connected to one end of the third side and opposite to the first side; and a first arcuate side having a first radius, wherein the first side has a first length less than or equal to 90% of the first radius, and the first side extends in a direction not intersecting the first arcuate side; wherein notches are provided on the second side and the fourth side.

[0035] In some embodiments, the antenna further includes: a plurality of conductive parasitic components insulated from the plurality of separate radiators and the ground layer; and, in a top view of the plurality of conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separate radiators, each conductive parasitic component overlaps with a corresponding radiator, wherein each conductive parasitic component includes: a dart-shaped intermediate segment located between two claw-shaped radial segments, wherein, in a top view of the plurality of conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separate radiators, the two claw-shaped radial segments point to the center of the corresponding radiator and the two claw-shaped radial segments clamp the first notch and the second notch.

[0036] These and other objects of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. A detailed description will be given in the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings (in which the same numerals denote the same components) illustrate embodiments of the invention. The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the embodiments of the invention. The drawings illustrate implementations of the embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the invention. It is understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, as some components may be shown out of proportion to actual dimensions in order to clearly illustrate the concepts of the embodiments of the invention.

[0038] Figure 1A This is a perspective view of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 1A The exploded view of the antenna shown illustrates the radiator, conductive parasitic components, and ground plane.

[0040] Figure 1C According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 1A The top view of the antenna shown illustrates the arrangement of the radiators.

[0041] Figure 2A and Figure 2B This is a perspective view of the antenna feeding assembly shown according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] Figures 3A to 3D This is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Figures 4A to 4D This is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Figures 5A to 5DThis is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Figures 6A to 6D This is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Figures 7A to 7D This is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] Figures 8A to 8D This is a top view of the radiator of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a conductive parasitic component of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10A This is a perspective view of a conductive parasitic component of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 10B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 10A Side view of the conductive parasitic component shown.

[0051] Figure 11A This is a perspective view of a conductive parasitic component of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 11B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 11A Side view of the conductive parasitic component shown.

[0053] Figures 12A to 12D This is a top view of the radiator and conductive parasitic components of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator and the corresponding conductive parasitic components.

[0054] Figures 13A to 13D This is a top view of the radiator and conductive parasitic components of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator and the corresponding conductive parasitic components.

[0055] Figures 14A to 14D This is a top view of the radiator and conductive parasitic components of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator and the corresponding conductive parasitic components.

[0056] Figures 15A to 15D This is a top view of the radiator and conductive parasitic components of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator and the corresponding conductive parasitic components.

[0057] Figure 16A and 16BThis is a top view of the radiator and conductive parasitic components of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator and the corresponding conductive parasitic components.

[0058] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth for illustrative purposes so that those skilled in the art can more thoroughly understand the embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details, and different embodiments may be combined as needed, and should not be limited to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The following description illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention and is intended only to exemplify the technical features of the invention, not to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout this specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art should understand that manufacturers may use different names for the same element. Therefore, this specification and claims do not distinguish elements by differences in name, but rather by differences in function. The terms "element," "system," and "device" used in this invention can refer to computer-related entities, where the computer can be hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The terms "comprising" and "including" as used in the following description and claims are open-ended terms and should be interpreted as "comprising, but not limited to...". Furthermore, the term "coupled" refers to an indirect or direct electrical connection. Therefore, if a device is described as coupled to another device, it means that the device can be directly electrically connected to the other device, or indirectly electrically connected to the other device through other devices or connection means.

[0060] Unless otherwise indicated, the corresponding numbers and symbols in the various figures generally refer to the corresponding parts. The figures are drawn to clearly illustrate the relevant parts of the embodiments and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0061] The terms "basically" or "roughly" as used in this document mean that, within an acceptable range, a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem to be solved and basically achieve the desired technical effect. For example, "roughly equal to" means a method that a person skilled in the art can accept with a certain margin of error from "exactly equal to" without affecting the correctness of the result.

[0062] This invention provides an antenna for multi-bandwidth (e.g., dual-bandwidth) and multi-polarization (e.g., dual-polarization) communication. The antenna may include a ground plane, discrete radiators, conductive parasitic components, and a feed assembly. The radiators may be configured to collectively act as one or more (e.g., two) dipoles, and each radiator may be configured to facilitate resonance in two or more non-overlapping frequency bands. Additionally, each radiator has an arcuate edge and two curved edges connected to the ends of the arcuate edge. In some embodiments, the arcuate edge with a specific radius has an arc length corresponding to a central angle less than 90°. The length of the curved edge near the central angle of the arcuate edge is less than or equal to 90% of the radius of the arcuate edge. Therefore, it is possible to increase the distance between the arcuate edges of adjacent radiators to improve the bandwidth of the high-band (HB) frequency band. In some embodiments, the radiators have notches (slits or grooves) on the curved edges to improve the low-band (LB) gain. In some embodiments, the conductive parasitic component may include a middle segment (e.g., a dart-shaped middle segment) and an end segment (e.g., a claw-shaped radial segment), and the end segment may be arranged in a separate layer from the middle segment to improve impedance matching. In some embodiments, the notch of the radiator may be arranged to partially overlap the corresponding conductive parasitic component for impedance control.

[0063] Figure 1A This is a perspective view of an antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 1A An exploded view of antenna 500 is shown. Figure 1C According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 1A The diagram shows a top view of antenna 500, illustrating the arrangement of radiators 100. For ease of explanation, Figure 1A The radiator 100 and ground plane 300 of antenna 500 are shown, as well as... Figure 1C Only the radiator 100 of the antenna 500 is shown; the remaining features are as follows: Figure 1B As shown. Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C As shown, the antenna 500 includes a radiator 100, a conductive parasitic element 200, and a grounding layer 300.

[0064] In some embodiments, radiators 100 include radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 that are separated from each other. Furthermore, radiators 100 can collectively function as multiple dipoles. Each of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 is a planar conductor extending parallel to the xy-plane and located in a first level L1. Additionally, each of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 can be connected (or electrically connected) to a ground layer 300, which is a planar conductor extending parallel to the xy-plane and located in a second level L2. Furthermore, the first level L1 is different from the second level L2. It is worth noting that... Figure 1A and Figure 1B The ground plane 300 shown is only used to illustrate how the antenna 500 is positioned on the ground plane 300, and is not intended to limit the ground plane 300 to the size and shape shown. The ground plane 300, parallel to the xy plane, can actually extend much wider, such as beyond... Figure 1A and Figure 1B The dimensions shown.

[0065] like Figure 1B As shown, antenna 500 may further include conductive ground walls GW1, GW2, GW3, and GW4, which connect radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 to ground layer 300. The ground walls GW1, GW2, GW3, and GW4 corresponding to radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 can extend downwards along the negative z-direction from the bottom surface (also described as the "bottom surface") of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 and connect to ground layer 300.

[0066] like Figure 1CAs shown, in the xy-plane, the projections of radiators 100-1 to 100-4 surround the geometric origin p0 and face four different directions D1, D2, D3, and D4. For example, directions D1, D2, D3, and D4 can refer to directions rotated 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315° from the x-direction, respectively. Radiators 100-1 to 100-4 are separated by gaps GP1 and GP2 extending along geometric lines GPL1 and GPL2, respectively. For example, radiators 100-1 and 100-2 are located on opposite sides of gap GP2, and radiators 100-2 and 100-3 are located on opposite sides of gap GP1, etc. The geometries (such as shape, structure, and size) of radiators 100-1 to 100-4 are substantially the same, or may have differences (e.g., considerations for power supply, wiring, and / or mechanical design, etc.) and / or variations (e.g., due to limited manufacturing precision and accuracy, etc.).

[0067] like Figure 1C As shown, each of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 can be formed by removing the arc edge and the two corners where the two radii intersect. Therefore, by reducing the arc length of the arc edge to increase the distance between the arc edges of adjacent radiators, the bandwidth of the high-frequency band (HB) can be increased. Figure 1C In the top view shown, each of the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 has a first edge S1, a second edge S2, a third edge S3, a fourth edge S4, and an arc edge AE. The second edge S2 and the third edge S3 connect to the two opposite ends E11 and E12 of the first edge S1, respectively. Furthermore, the fourth edge S4 connects to one end E31 of the third edge S3, and end E31 is opposite to the first edge S1. In some embodiments, the first edge S1 and the third edge S3 include linear edges. Furthermore, the first edge S1 and the third edge S3 may extend along geometric lines GPL2 and GPL1. Figure 1C As shown, the angle θ1 between the first side S1 and the third side S3 is equal to 90°. The angle θ2 between the first side S1 and the second side S2 is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°. Similarly, the angle θ3 between the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°. Furthermore, one end E12 of the first side S1 overlaps with the center of the arc side AE.

[0068] In some embodiments, the two opposite ends EA1 and EA2 of the circular arc edge AE with radius rl connect the second side S2 and the fourth side S4, respectively. In some embodiments, the circular arc edge AE has a central angle θ corresponding to less than 90°. C The arc length LA. In some embodiments, the length LG1 of the first side S1 is less than or equal to 90% of the radius r1 of the arc side AE. Similarly, in some embodiments, the length LG3 of the third side S3 is less than or equal to 90% of the radius r1 of the arc side AE. Furthermore, the first side S1 and the third side S3 extend in directions that do not intersect with the arc side AE.

[0069] In some embodiments, one or more of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 have symmetrical shapes. For example, in radiator 100-1, the first side S1 and the third side S3 are symmetrical along an axis A1 that is radially parallel to radius r1 and intersects the middle point of the arc edge AE. Therefore, axis A1 can serve as the axis of symmetry of radiator 100-1. Furthermore, the second side S2 and the fourth side S4 of radiator 100-1 are symmetrical along the axis of symmetry A1. In some embodiments, one or more of radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 may have asymmetrical shapes. For example, the first side S1 and the third side S3 of radiator 100-1 may be asymmetrical along an axis A1 that is radially parallel to radius r1 and intersects the middle point of the arc edge AE. For example, the second side S2 and the fourth side S4 of radiator 100-1 may be asymmetrical along axis A1.

[0070] In some embodiments, adjacent radiators separating gap GP1 are symmetrical along geometric line GPL1 and / or adjacent radiators separating gap GP2 are symmetrical along geometric line GPL2. For example, radiators 100-1 and 100-2 separated by gap GP2 are symmetrical along geometric line GPL2. Radiators 100-2 and 100-3 separated by gap GP1 may be symmetrical along geometric line GPL1. Radiators 100-3 and 100-4 separated by gap GP2 may be symmetrical along geometric line GPL2. Radiators 100-4 and 100-1 separated by gap GP1 may be symmetrical along geometric line GPL1. Therefore, radiators 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 may have axes of symmetry A2, A3, and A4. The angles between axes of symmetry A2, A3, and A4 and axis of symmetry A1 may be 90°, 180°, and 270°, respectively. In some other embodiments, the adjacent radiators separating the gap GP1 are asymmetrical along geometry GPL1 and / or the adjacent radiators separating the gap GP2 are asymmetrical along geometry GPL2.

[0071] In some embodiments, the antenna 500 may also include a feeding element. Figure 2A This is a perspective view illustrating the feeding assemblies 401 and 402 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2A The feeding arrangement of antenna 500 is also shown through a three-dimensional (3D) view and a top view of radiator 100 (radiators 100-1, 100-2, and 100-4 are hidden except for radiator 100-3). Figure 2A As shown, each of the power supply components 401 and 402 is separated and insulated from the ground layer 300, the conductive parasitic components 200-1 to 200-4, and the radiators 100-1 to 100-4. Power supply components 401 and 402 are also separated and insulated from each other. Furthermore, power supply components 401 and 402 are located in a third layer L3. In some embodiments, the third layer L3 is located along the z-direction between the first layer L1 (the layer containing the radiators) and the second layer L2 (the layer containing the ground plane). In some embodiments, the third layer L3 is aligned along the z-direction with one of the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 (i.e., the third layer L3 is the same as either the first layer L1 or the second layer L2; that is, power supply components 401 and 402 can be located in either the first layer L1 or the second layer L2). Figure 2A As shown, in some embodiments, power supply assembly 401 extends along gap GP1 and passes through gap GP2. Power supply assembly 402 extends along gap GP2 and passes through gap GP1. Furthermore, power supply assemblies 401 and 402 may be connected to vias and outbound traces (also described as "outwardly connected wires"). Figure 2A The feed assembly 401 shown has radiators 100-1 and 100-4 that can together serve as one pole of the first dipole for polarization along the x-direction, while radiators 100-2 and 100-3 can together serve as the other pole of the first dipole. Figure 2A The feed assembly 402 shown has radiators 100-1 and 100-2 that can together serve as one pole of the second dipole for polarization along the y-direction, while radiators 100-3 and 100-4 can together serve as the other pole of the second dipole.

[0072] Figure 2BThis is a perspective view illustrating feed assemblies 401 and 402 of antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, feed assemblies 401 and 402 are fitted at the intersection of gaps GP1 and GP2. Feed assembly 401 may extend parallel to direction v401. Feed assembly 402 may extend parallel to direction v402. Furthermore, feed assemblies 401 and 402 may be connected to vias and leads (not shown). For example, in one embodiment, direction v401 is substantially rotated 45° from the x-direction, and direction v402 is substantially rotated 45° from the y-direction. Figure 2B The feed assembly 401 shown, radiators 100-1 and 100-3 can respectively serve as two opposite poles of a first dipole polarized along direction v401, and radiators 100-2 and 100-4 can respectively serve as two opposite poles of a second dipole polarized along direction v401. With Figure 2B The feed assembly 402 shown has radiators 100-2 and 100-4 that can serve as two opposite poles of a third dipole polarized along direction v402, and radiators 100-1 and 100-3 that can serve as two opposite poles of a fourth dipole polarized along direction v402. Figure 2B In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply components 401 and 402 may be located on different layers from the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4, wherein the power supply components (e.g., along such...) Figures 4A-4D The fifth side shown extends below the corresponding radiator.

[0073] Figure 3A (and Figure 1C (Similarly) A top view of the radiator 100A1 (including radiators 100A1-1, 100A1-2, 100A1-3 and 100A1-4) of the antenna 500 is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, the first side S1A, the second side S2A, the third side S3A and the fourth side S4A of the radiator 100A1 are straight sides.

[0074] Figure 3B This is a top view of the radiator 100B1 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C as well as Figure 3A The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figure 3BAs shown, the difference between radiator 100A1 and radiator 100B1 is that the second side S2B and the fourth side S4B of radiator 100B1 (including radiators 100B1-1, 100B1-2, 100B1-3, and 100B1-4) are bending edges (e.g., V-shaped bending edges). For example, the second side S2B with a concave corner CS2 may include edge portions S2B-1 and S2B-2 connected to each other. Similarly, the fourth side S4B with a concave corner CS4 may include edge portions S4B-1 and S4B-2 connected to each other.

[0075] Figure 3C This is a top view of the radiator 100C1 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C and Figures 3A-3B The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figure 3C As shown, the difference between radiator 100C1 and radiator 100A1 is that the second side S2C and the fourth side S4C of each of radiators 100C1 (including radiators 100C1-1, 100C1-2, 100C1-3 and 100C1-4) include curved edges, such as concave curved edges.

[0076] Figure 3D This is a top view of the radiator 100D1 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C and Figures 3A-3C The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. The difference between radiator 100D1 and radiator 100A1 is that the second side S2D and the fourth side S4D of each of radiators 100D1 (including radiators 100D1-1, 100D1-2, 100D1-3, and 100D1-4) include curved edges, such as convex curved edges. In embodiments of the present invention, as... Figure 3B The V-shaped bend S2B shown is as follows: Figure 3C The concave curved edge SC shown and as... Figure 3D The convex curved edges shown can all be called curved edges.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, different overlapping areas between the antenna radiator and the corresponding feed component will result in different coupling capacitances. Therefore, in practical design, the overlapping area between the radiator and the corresponding feed component can be set according to the coupling capacitance required for impedance matching. For example, by Figures 3A to 3D The radiators shown are 100A1, 100B1, 100C1, and 100D1. Figure 2B The antenna formed by the feed components 401 and 402 shown is related to the antenna composed of... Figures 4A to 4D The radiators shown are 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, and 100D2. Figure 2B Compared to the antenna constructed from feed components 401 and 402 shown, the former has a larger overlap area between the radiator and the feed components. Therefore, during antenna design, the coupling capacitance can be adjusted according to the impedance matching requirements. Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4D The differences in the radiators shown, for example, determining Figures 4A-4D The position of the fifth side S5 in the middle, from Figures 4A-4D It can be seen that as the fifth side S5 deviates more from the mean... Figure 1C At the origin p0, the smaller the overlap area between the radiator and the feed assembly, the smaller the coupling capacitance. Therefore, in some embodiments (e.g., in implementations where the radiator and feed assembly are located on different layers), the coupling capacitance can be changed by adjusting / setting the overlap area between the radiator and the feed assembly for impedance matching. In other embodiments (e.g., in implementations where the radiator and feed assembly are located on the same layer), the coupling capacitance can be changed by adjusting / setting the aperture distance and / or length area between the radiator and the feed assembly for impedance matching. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D This is a top view of the radiators 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, and 100D2 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C and Figures 3A-3D The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figures 4A-4DAs shown, radiators 100A2 (including radiators 100A2-1, 100A2-2, 100A2-3 and 100A2-4), radiators 100B2 (including radiators 100B2-1, 100B2-2, 100B2-3 and 100B2-4), radiators 100C2 (including radiators 100C2-1, 100C2-2, 100C2-3 and 100C2-4), and radiator 100D2 are included. The difference between radiators 100D2-1, 100D2-2, 100D2-3, and 100D2-4 and radiators 100A1, 100B1, 100C1, and 100D1 is that each of radiators 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, and 100D2 includes a fifth side S5, wherein the two opposite ends E51 and E52 of the fifth side S5 connect the first side S1B and the third side S3B, respectively. In some embodiments, the axes of symmetry A1, A2, A3, or A4 intersect with the midpoint of the fifth side S5. In other words, radiators 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, and 100D2 are formed by removing a portion of radiators 100A1, 100B1, 100C1, and 100D1 at the corner where the first side S1B and the third side S3B intersect. Understandably, this removed corner portion can be determined based on the coupling capacitance required for impedance matching. This is in contrast to including radiators 100A1, 100B1, 100C1, or 100D1 (such as...). Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 3C or Figure 3D (as shown) and as Figure 2B Compared to the antenna 500 showing feed assemblies 401 and 402 (e.g., feed assembly 401 extends along symmetry axes A1 and A3, feed assembly 402 extends along symmetry axes A2 and A4, and in the top view of the radiator and feed assembly, the feed assembly intersects with the corresponding radiator), the antenna 500 including radiators 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, or 100D2 (e.g., ... Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C or Figure 4D (as shown) and as Figure 2B The antenna 500 of the feed assemblies 401 and 402 shown (e.g., the feed assemblies extend from the fifth side S5 below the radiator) has a reduced coupling capacitance. Therefore, in some application scenarios, Figures 4A to 4D The radiator shown can improve the impedance matching of antenna 500.

[0078] In some embodiments, the radiator may have one or more notches (also described as “gap” or “groove”) at the second side S2A / S2B / S2C / S2D and / or the fourth side S4A / S4B / S4C / S4D to improve low-frequency gain. Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C and Figure 5D This is a top view of the radiators 100A3, 100B3, 100C3, and 100D3 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C , Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4D The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figures 5A to 5D As shown, radiators 100A3 (including radiators 100A3-1, 100A3-2, 100A3-3 and 100A3-4), radiators 100B3 (including radiators 100B3-1, 100B3-2, 100B3-3 and 100B3-4), radiators 100C3 (including radiators 100C3-1, 100C3-2, 100C3-3 and 100C3-4), and radiator 100D3 (including...) The radiators 100D3-1, 100D3-2, 100D3-3, and 100D3-4 differ from radiators 100A1, 100B1, 100C1, and 100D1 in that: radiators 100A3, 100B3, 100C3, and 100D3 include a notch N1A located on the second sides S2A, S2B, S2C, and S2D, and a notch N2A located on the fourth sides S4A, S4B, S4C, and S4D. Notch N1A has an extending direction DN1, and notch N2A has an extending direction DN2. In some embodiments, the angle θ4 between the extension direction DS2 of the second side S2A / S2B (or the extension direction DS2 of the tangent of the arc side S2C / S2D) and the extension direction DN1 of the notch N1A (or the extension direction DS4 of the fourth side S4A / S4B (or the extension direction DS4 of the tangent of the arc side S4C / S4D) and the extension direction DN2 of the notch N2A) is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0079] Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C and Figure 6D This is a top view of the radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C , Figures 3A-3D , Figures 4A-4D , Figures 5A-5D and Figures 6A-6DThe components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figures 6A to 6D As shown, radiators 100A4 (including radiators 100A4-1, 100A4-2, 100A4-3 and 100A4-4), radiators 100B4 (including radiators 100B4-1, 100B4-3, 100B4-3 and 100B4-4), radiators 100C4 (including radiators 100C4-1, 100C4-2, 100C4-3 and 100C4-4), and radiator 100D4 (including...) The difference between radiators 100D4-1, 100D4-2, 100D4-3, and 100D4-4 and radiators 100A2, 100B2, 100C2, and 100D2 is that radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 include a notch N1A located on the second sides S2A, S2B, S2C, and S2D, and a notch N2A located on the fourth sides S4A, S4B, S4C, and S4D. In some embodiments, with Figures 5A-5D Similarly, in such Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C and Figure 6D In the embodiment shown, angle θ4 is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0080] Figure 7A , Figure 7B , Figure 7C and Figure 7D This is a top view of radiators 100A5, 100B5, 100C5, and 100D5 of an antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figures 1A-1C , Figures 3A-3D , Figures 4A-4D , Figures 5A-5D and Figures 6A-6D The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figures 7A to 7DAs shown, radiators 100A5 (including radiators 100A5-1, 100A5-2, 100A5-3 and 100A5-4), radiators 100B5 (including radiators 100B5-1, 100B5-2, 100B5-3 and 100B5-4), radiators 100C5 (including radiators 100C5-1, 100C5-2, 100C5-3 and 100C5-4), and radiators 100D5 (including radiators 100A5-1, 100C5-2, 100C5-3 and 100C5-4) are radiators. The difference between radiators 100D5-1, 100D5-2, 100D5-3, and 100D5-4 and radiators 100A3, 100B3, 100C3, and 100D3 is that radiators 100A5, 100B5, 100C5, and 100D5 include a notch N1B on the second sides S2A, S2B, S2C, and S2D, and a notch N2B on the fourth sides S4A, S4B, S4C, and S4D. Furthermore, the angle θ4 of radiators 100A5, 100B5, 100C5, and 100D5 differs from the angle θ4 of radiators 100A3, 100B3, 100C3, and 100D3.

[0081] Figure 8A , Figure 8B , Figure 8C and Figure 8D This is a top view of the radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The components of the following embodiments are the same as those in the previous reference 1A- Figure 1C , Figures 3A-3D , Figures 4A-4D , Figures 5A-5D , Figures 6A-6D and Figures 7A-7D The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figures 8A to 8DAs shown, radiators 100A6 (including radiators 100A6-1, 100A6-2, 100A6-3, and 100A6-4), radiators 100B6 (including radiators 100B6-1, 100B6-3, 100B6-3, and 100B6-4), radiators 100C6 (including radiators 100C6-1, 100C6-3, 100C6-3, and 100C6-4), and radiators 100D6 (including...) The radiators 100D6-1, 100D6-3, 100D6-3, and 100D6-4 differ from radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 in that: radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 include a notch N1B located on the second sides S2A, S2B, S2C, and S2D, and a notch N2B located on the fourth sides S4A, S4B, S4C, and S4D. Furthermore, the angle θ4 of radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 differs from the angle θ4 of radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4.

[0082] In some embodiments, adjacent radiators separated by a gap GP1 in the antenna 500 may be asymmetrical along geometric line GPL1, or adjacent radiators separated by a gap GP2 may be asymmetrical along geometric line GPL2. For example, the radiators of the antenna 500 may consist of any four radiators selected from radiators 100A1-100A6, 100B1-100B6, 100C1-100C6, and 100D1-100D6.

[0083] like Figure 1B and Figure 9As shown, the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 are insulated from the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 and the ground layer 300. In the top view of the conductive parasitic components and the radiators, the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 overlap with the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4. Each of the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 is a planar conductive path located between the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. In the xy plane, the projection of each of the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 is clamped between two gaps GP1 and GP2. In some embodiments, the projection of each of the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 also extends between the two gaps GP1 and GP2 (with the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4 sandwiched between these two gaps). Furthermore, the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 may partially surround the radiators 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, and 100-4. In some embodiments, the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 include two claw-like radial segments 200-1R, 200-2R, 200-3R, and 200-4R pointing towards the center of the respective radiators 100-1, 100-2, 200-3R, and 200-4R, and a boomerang-shaped middle segment 200-1M, 200-2M, 200-3M, and 200-4M located between the two claw-like radial segments 200-1R, 200-2R, 200-3R, and 200-4R. In some embodiments, the boomerang-shaped middle segments 200-1M, 200-2M, 200-3M, and 200-4M are disposed on a fourth layer L4 located between the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 and extend parallel to the xy plane. Figure 9 As shown, each of the conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 can be configured to not completely enclose the geometric origin p0. The conductive parasitic components 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 contribute to enhancing the performance of the antenna 500; for example, by extending bandwidth, improving impedance matching, reducing any unwanted radiation directivity tilt, and increasing cross-polarization discrimination (XPD).

[0084] In embodiments of the invention, impedance matching can be adjusted by adjusting the area / area of ​​the claw-like radial segment that clamps or frames the notch of the corresponding radiator in the top view of the conductive parasitic component and the radiator (e.g., in the top view of the conductive parasitic component and the radiator, the enclosed area of ​​the claw-like radial segment completely overlaps with the notch of the corresponding radiator). For example, in some embodiments, in the top view of the conductive parasitic component and the radiator (i.e., in a schematic diagram projected along the z-direction onto the same xy plane / horizontal plane), the two claw-like radial segments of the conductive parasitic component clamp the notch of the corresponding radiator (e.g., ...). Figures 12A-16B (as shown), to improve impedance matching. Figure 9 (and Figure 1B The conductive parasitic component shown is similar to that shown in the perspective view of the conductive parasitic component 200A (including conductive parasitic components 200A-1, 200A-2, 200A-3 and 200A-4) of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The conductive parasitic component 200A-1 / 200A-2 / 200A-3 / 200A-4 includes a dart-shaped intermediate segment 200A-1M / 200A-2M / 200A-3M / 200A-4M located between two claw-shaped radial segments 200A-1R / 200A-2R / 200A-3R / 200A-4R and pointing towards the center of the corresponding radiator 100-1 / 100-2 / 100-3 / 100-4. In some embodiments, the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200A-1M, 200A-2M, 200A-3M, 200A-4M and the claw-shaped radial segments 200A-1R, 200A-2R, 200A-3R, 200A-4R are disposed in the same layer (e.g., the fourth layer L4) located between the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. In some embodiments, when the antenna 500 includes a radiator with a notch (e.g., Figure 8A When the radiator 100A6 with notches N1B and N2B is shown and the conductive parasitic component 200A is shown, in the case of... Figure 9 In the top view of the conductive parasitic component 200A and the radiator (e.g., 100A6), two claw-shaped radial segments 200A-1R / 200A-2R / 200A-3R / 200A-4R can respectively clamp the notches (e.g., N1B, N2B) of the corresponding radiators. Furthermore, the two claw-shaped radial segments 200A-1R / 200A-2R / 200A-3R / 200A-4R can point towards the center of the corresponding radiator along the extending direction (e.g., extending directions DN1, DN2) of the notches (N1B, N2B) of the corresponding radiators. Furthermore, in... Figure 9 In the top view shown, portions of the two claw-shaped radial segments are not exposed from the notches N1B and N2B because... Figure 9In the top view shown, the end of the claw-shaped radial segment just clamps the notch.

[0085] In some embodiments, the dart-shaped intermediate segment and the two claw-shaped radial segments of the same conductive parasitic component may be located in different layers or have different line widths to improve / adjust impedance matching. Figure 10A This is a perspective view of the conductive parasitic component 200B (including conductive parasitic components 200B-1, 200B-2, 200B-3 and 200-B4) of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 10B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 10A The side view of the conductive parasitic component 200B shown. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 9 The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figure 10A and Figure 10B As shown, the difference between conductive parasitic component 200B and conductive parasitic component 200A is that the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, 200B-4M and the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, 200B-4R of conductive parasitic component 200B are located in different layers, so that the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, 200B-4R are located along the z-direction between the radiator and the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, 200B-4M. For example, dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, and 200B-4M are located in the fourth layer L4, and claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, 200B-4R, and 200B-4R are located in the fifth layer L5 above the fourth layer L4, with the fifth layer L5 situated between the first layer L1 and the fourth layer L4. Furthermore, the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, and 200B-4R are connected to the two opposite ends of the corresponding dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, and 200B-4M through through-holes V1, V2, V3, and V4. Figure 10A As shown, the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, and 200B-4M may have a linewidth WM, and the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, and 200B-4R may have a linewidth WR. In some embodiments, the linewidth WM and the linewidth WR may be the same or different. For example, the linewidth WR may be smaller than the linewidth WR to improve impedance matching.

[0086] Figure 11A This is a perspective view of the conductive parasitic components 200C (including conductive parasitic components 200C-1, 200C-2, 200C-3 and 200C-4) of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 11B According to some embodiments of the present invention Figure 11A The conductive parasitic component 200C shown is a side view. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figure 1A , Figure 1A , Figure 9 and Figures 10A-10B The components of the described embodiments are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. Figure 11A and Figure 11B As shown, the difference between conductive parasitic component 200C and conductive parasitic component 200B is that the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, 200B-4M and the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, 200B-4R of conductive parasitic component 200C are located in different layers, so that the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, 200B-4M are located along the z-direction between the radiator and the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, 200B-4R. For example, the dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, and 200B-4M are located in the fourth layer L4, and the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, and 200B-4R are located in the fifth layer L5 below the fourth layer L4, so that the fourth layer L4 is between the first layer L1 and the fifth layer L5. Furthermore, the claw-shaped radial segments 200B-1R, 200B-2R, 200B-3R, and 200B-4R are connected to the two opposite ends of the corresponding dart-shaped intermediate segments 200B-1M, 200B-2M, 200B-3M, and 200B-4M through through-holes V1, V2, V3, and V4.

[0087] Figures 12A to 12D This is a top view of the radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and the conductive parasitic component 200A1, showing the relative positions of the radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 of the antenna 500 and the corresponding conductive parasitic component 200A1. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those previously referenced. Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figures 8A-8D and Figure 9 The components described are the same or similar, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In some embodiments, such as Figures 12A-12DAs shown, when the antenna 500 includes a radiator 100A6 / 100B6 / 100C6 / 100D6 with notches N1B and N2B and a conductive parasitic component 200A1, in the top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, two claw-shaped radial segments 200A1-1R / 200A1-2R / 200A1-3R / 200A1-4R respectively clamp the notches N1B and N2B.

[0088] Figures 13A to 13D This is a top view of the radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 of an antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and shows the relative positions of the radiators 100A6, 100B6, 100C6, and 100D6 of the antenna 500 and the corresponding conductive parasitic components 200B1 (or conductive parasitic components 200C1). The components of the following embodiments are compared with those in the previous references. Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figures 8A-8D , Figures 10A-10B and Figures 11A-11B The components described are the same or similar and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In some embodiments, when the antenna 500 includes a radiator 100A6 / 100B6 / 100C6 / 100D6 with notches N1B and N2B and a conductive parasitic component 200B1 (or conductive parasitic component 200C1), in a top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, two claw-shaped radial segments 200B1-1R / 200B1-2R / 200B1-3R / 200B1-4R can respectively clamp the notches N1B and N2B.

[0089] Figures 14A to 14D This is a top view of the radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 of an antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and a conductive parasitic component 200A2, showing the relative positions of the radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 of the antenna 500 with the corresponding conductive parasitic components 200A2. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those previously referenced. Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figures 8A-8D and Figure 9 The components described are the same or similar and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In some embodiments, when the antenna 500 includes a radiator 100A4 / 100B4 / 100C4 / 100D4 with notches N1A and N2A and a conductive parasitic component 200A2, in a top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, two claw-shaped radial segments 200A2-1R / 200A2-2R / 200A2-3R / 200A2-4R respectively clamp notches N1A and N2A.

[0090] Figures 15A to 15D This is a top view of the radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 of the antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and shows the relative positions of the radiators 100A4, 100B4, 100C4, and 100D4 of the antenna 500 and the corresponding conductive parasitic components 200B2 (or conductive parasitic components 200C2). The components of the following embodiments are compared with those in the previous references. Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figures 8A-8D , Figures 10A-10B and Figures 11A-11B The components described are the same or similar and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In some embodiments, when the antenna 500 includes a radiator 100A4 / 100B4 / 100C4 / 100D4 with notches N1A and N2A and a conductive parasitic component 200B2 (or conductive parasitic component 200C2), in a top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, two claw-shaped radial segments 200B2-1R / 200B2-2R / 200B2-3R / 200B2-4R respectively clamp the notches N1A and N2A.

[0091] It should be noted that, in the top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, the claw-shaped radial segment of the conductive parasitic component can be implemented in other ways besides clamping (i.e., completely enclosing) the notch of the corresponding radiator. For example, in some embodiments, the conductive parasitic component can be set with a certain offset relative to the corresponding radiator (e.g., in the top view of the radiator and the conductive parasitic component, in one example, a portion of the claw-shaped radial segment protrudes from the notch of the corresponding radiator; in another example, the enclosed area of ​​the claw-shaped radial segment overlaps with a portion of the notch of the corresponding radiator, etc.) to adjust impedance matching. Specifically, the impedance matching can be adjusted according to the actual design requirements, and the present invention does not limit this. Figure 16A and Figure 16B This is a top view of the radiator 100A6 and conductive parasitic component 200A1 of an antenna 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention, showing the relative positions of the radiator 100A6 and the corresponding conductive parasitic component 200A1 of the antenna 500. The components of the following embodiments are similar to those in the previous references. Figure 12A The described embodiments are the same or similar and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In some embodiments, the conductive parasitic component 200A1 may have an offset in the positive y-direction or the negative y-direction. Therefore, in Figure 16A and Figure 16B In the top view shown, a portion of the two claw-shaped radial segments 200A1-1R / 200A1-2R / 200A1-3R / 200A1-4R are exposed from the notches N1B and N2B of the radiator 100A6.

[0092] This invention provides an antenna for multi-bandwidth (e.g., dual-bandwidth) and multi-polarization (e.g., dual-polarization) communication. The antenna may include a ground layer, discrete radiators, conductive parasitic components, and a feed assembly. The radiators may be formed by removing two corners where the arc edges intersect the two radii from a fan-shaped radiator with a specific radius and a central angle of 90°. Therefore, the arc length of the arc edges is reduced to increase the distance between the arc edges of adjacent radiators, thereby improving the high-band (HB) bandwidth. In some embodiments, the radiators are formed by removing a portion of the corner near the central angle of the arc edge. Therefore, the coupling capacitance can be varied to achieve impedance matching by adjusting the overlapping area between the radiators and the feed assembly. In some embodiments, the radiators have one or more notches (slits) at the edges connected to the arc edges to improve low-band (LB) gain. In some embodiments, the conductive parasitic components may include a dart-shaped middle section and two claw-shaped radial sections. The two claw-shaped radial segments of the conductive parasitic component can clamp the notch of the corresponding radiator to improve impedance matching. The dart-shaped intermediate segment and the two claw-shaped radial segments of the same conductive parasitic component can be located in different layers and / or have different linewidths to improve impedance matching. In some embodiments, the conductive parasitic component can be offset relative to the corresponding radiator to adjust impedance matching.

[0093] The use of ordinal terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” in the claims to modify claim elements does not in itself indicate any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element relative to another claim element, or the chronological order of the execution of method actions. Rather, it is merely used as a marker to distinguish one claim element with the same name from another element with the same name.

[0094] While the invention has been described by way of example and according to preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Rather, it is intended to cover various variations and similar structures (as will be apparent to those skilled in the art), such as combinations or substitutions of different features in different embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be given the broadest interpretation to cover all such variations and similar structures.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna includes a first radiator located at a first layer and connected to a ground layer located at a second layer, wherein, in a top view of the antenna, the first radiator has: a first side; a second side and a third side, wherein the second side is connected to one end of the first side; a fourth side connected to one end of the third side; and a first arc side with a first radius, two ends of the first arc side are connected to the second side and the fourth side respectively; and a fifth side, two ends of the fifth side are connected to the first side and the third side respectively, wherein a first axis of symmetry intersects a middle point of the fifth side.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first side has a first length less than or equal to 90% of the first radius.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first side and the third side are symmetrical along a first axis of symmetry which is parallel to a radial direction of the first radius and intersects a middle point of the first arc side.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The second side and the fourth side are symmetrical along the first axis of symmetry which is parallel to the radial direction of the first radius and intersects the middle point of the first arc side.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, A first included angle between the first side and the third side is equal to 90°.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein A second included angle between the first side and the second side is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.

7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein A third included angle between the third side and the fourth side is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.

8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, At least one of the second side and the fourth side includes a straight side, a curved side, or a bent side.

9. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first radiator has a notch at the second side.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein, A fourth included angle between an extension direction of the second side and an extension direction of the notch is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

11. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein, The antenna further includes: a second radiator located at the first layer, wherein the second radiator is connected to the ground layer and spaced apart from the first radiator by a gap, the second radiator has a second axis of symmetry, wherein a fourth included angle between the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry is 90°, 180°, or 270°.

12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein, The gap extends along a geometric line, the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the geometric line.

13. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein, The first arc side has a first arc length corresponding to a first central angle less than 90°.

14. The antenna of claim 13, wherein, The antenna further includes: a feeding component insulated from the first radiator, the second radiator, and the ground layer, wherein the feeding component is located at a third layer, the third layer is located between the first layer and the second layer or is the same as one of the first layer and the second layer.

15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein, The feeding component extends along the gap.

16. The antenna of claim 14, wherein: The fourth included angle between the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry is 180°, and the feeding component extends along the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.

17. The antenna of claim 16, wherein, The feeding component extends from the fifth side to below the first radiator.

18. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna further includes a first conductive parasitic component insulated from the first radiator and the ground layer, wherein the first conductive parasitic component includes: a dart-shaped middle segment located between two claw-shaped radial segments, wherein the dart-shaped middle segment is located at a fourth layer between the first layer and the second layer; wherein, in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiator, the first conductive parasitic component overlaps the first radiator, and the two claw-shaped radial segments point to the center of the first radiator.

19. The antenna of claim 18, wherein, The first radiating body has a first notch on the second edge and a second notch on the fourth edge, and in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiating body, the two claw-shaped radial segments sandwich the first notch and the second notch.

20. The antenna of claim 19, wherein, In a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiating body, the two claw-shaped radial segments point to the center of the first radiating body along the extension direction of the first notch and the second notch.

21. The antenna of claim 18, wherein, The first radiating body has a first notch on the second edge and a second notch on the fourth edge, and in a top view of the first conductive parasitic component and the first radiating body, a part of the two claw-shaped radial segments is exposed from the first notch and the second notch.

22. The antenna of claim 19, wherein, The two claw-shaped radial segments are located in the fifth layer, and the fifth layer is located between the first layer and the fourth layer.

23. The antenna of claim 18, wherein, The two claw-shaped radial segments are located in the fifth layer, and the fourth layer is located between the first layer and the fifth layer.

24. The antenna of claim 18, wherein, The two claw-shaped radial segments are located in the fourth layer.

25. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein, The dart-shaped middle segment has a first line width, and the two claw-shaped radial segments have a second line width different from the first line width.

26. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises a plurality of separated radiating bodies located in a first layer and connected to a ground layer of a second layer, wherein in a top view of the antenna, each radiating body has: a first edge; a second edge and a third edge connected to opposite ends of the first edge; a fourth edge connected to one end of the third edge opposite to the first edge; and a first arc edge with a first radius, wherein the first edge has a first length less than or equal to 90% of the first radius, and an included angle between the first edge and the second edge is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°; wherein the antenna further comprises: a plurality of conductive parasitic components insulated from the plurality of separated radiating bodies and the ground layer, and in a top view of the plurality of conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separated radiating bodies, each conductive parasitic component overlaps with a corresponding radiating body, wherein each conductive parasitic component comprises: a dart-shaped middle segment located between two claw-shaped radial segments pointing to the center of the corresponding radiating body, wherein the dart-shaped middle segment and the two claw-shaped radial segments are located in different layers between the first layer and the second layer.

27. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises a plurality of separated radiating bodies located in a first layer and connected to a ground layer of a second layer, wherein in a top view of the antenna, each radiating body has: a first edge; a second edge and a third edge connected to opposite ends of the first edge; a fourth edge connected to one end of the third edge opposite to the first edge; and a first arc edge with a first radius, wherein the first edge has a first length less than or equal to 90% of the first radius, and the first edge extends in a direction not intersecting the first arc edge; wherein notches are provided on the second edge and the fourth edge.

28. The antenna of claim 27, wherein, The antenna further comprises: a plurality of conductive parasitic components insulated from the plurality of separated radiating bodies and the ground layer, and in a top view of the plurality of conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separated radiating bodies, each conductive parasitic component overlaps with a corresponding radiating body, wherein each conductive parasitic component comprises: A dart-shaped intermediate segment, located between two claw-shaped radial segments, wherein, in a top view of the plurality of electrically conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separated radiators, the two claw-shaped radial segments point to the center of the corresponding radiator and the two claw-shaped radial segments pinch the notch. A dart-shaped intermediate segment, located between two claw-shaped radial segments, wherein, in a top view of the plurality of electrically conductive parasitic components and the plurality of separated radiators, the two claw-shaped radial segments point to the center of the corresponding radiator and the two claw-shaped radial segments pinch the notch.

Images