A solid phase microextraction instrument

Abstract

This invention provides a solid-phase microextraction (SPE) instrument, relating to the field of SPE technology. In this SPE instrument, the extraction needle assembly includes an extraction needle tube and a needle core, with the needle core movably disposed inside the extraction needle tube. The extraction needle tube is movably disposed inside a protective needle tube. A third driving mechanism includes a driving component, a transmission component, and a guiding component; the transmission component includes a flexible segment and a rigid segment connected together; the guiding component includes a first guiding segment and a second guiding segment; the first guiding segment extends in a direction collinear with the needle core, and the rigid segment is movably disposed inside the first guiding segment; the second guiding segment is connected to the first guiding segment, and at least a portion of the second guiding segment is not collinear with the first guiding segment, and the flexible segment is movably disposed inside the second guiding segment; the driving component is used to push or pull the flexible segment along the second guiding segment. The SPE instrument provided by this invention can improve the problems of large space occupation and inconvenience in linkage and combination with other devices in SPE instruments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-phase microextraction technology, and more specifically, to a solid-phase microextraction apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the needle core in solid phase microextraction (SPI) instruments moves a large range, making it difficult to integrate SPI with other devices. This reduces the applicability of SPI and limits its application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a solid-phase microextraction instrument that can improve the technical problems of existing solid-phase microextraction instruments having a large space occupation and being inconvenient to link and combine with other equipment.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a solid-phase microextraction apparatus, comprising:

[0006] An extraction needle assembly, comprising an extraction needle tube and a needle core, wherein the needle core is movably disposed inside the extraction needle tube and is movable along the axial direction of the extraction needle tube;

[0007] A protective needle tube is provided, wherein the extraction needle tube is movably disposed inside the protective needle tube and can move along the axial direction of the protective needle tube;

[0008] A first driving mechanism is connected to the protective needle tube and is used to drive the protective needle tube to move so that the protective needle tube is inserted into or removed from the headspace vial.

[0009] A second driving mechanism, connected to the extraction needle, is used to move the extraction needle relative to the protective needle; and...

[0010] The third driving mechanism includes a driving member, a transmission member, and a guiding assembly. The transmission member includes a flexible segment and a rigid segment connected to each other. The flexible segment is connected to the driving member, and the rigid segment is connected to the needle core. The guiding assembly includes a first guiding segment and a second guiding segment. The first guiding segment extends in a collinear direction with the needle core. The rigid segment is movably disposed inside the first guiding segment and can move along the first guiding segment. The second guiding segment is connected to the first guiding segment, and at least a portion of the second guiding segment is not collinear with the first guiding segment. The flexible segment is movably disposed inside the second guiding segment. The driving member is used to push or pull the flexible segment to move along the second guiding segment.

[0011] Optionally, the first guide segment has a guide channel inside and an entrance is provided on the radially outer side of the first guide segment; the second guide segment is curved at one end near the first guide segment and extends into the guide channel from the entrance.

[0012] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flexible segment is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the rigid segment.

[0013] Optionally, the second guide section includes a fixed tube and a movable tube; one end of the fixed tube is connected to the first guide section, and the internal channel of the fixed tube communicates with the guide channel inside the first guide section; the movable tube is movably connected to the other end of the fixed tube, and the movable tube and the fixed tube are coaxially arranged; the flexible section is disposed inside both the movable tube and the fixed tube; the movable tube is connected to the driving member; the driving member is used to drive the flexible section to move while simultaneously driving the movable tube to move along the fixed tube.

[0014] Optionally, the fixed tube is sleeved around the periphery of the movable tube.

[0015] Optionally, the fixed tube includes a straight section and a bent section; the movable tube is movably connected to the straight section, and the bent section extends into the guide channel.

[0016] Optionally, the straight tube section at least partially overlaps with the movable tube, and the length of the straight tube section is greater than the length of the movable tube.

[0017] Optionally, the third driving mechanism is connected to the second driving mechanism, and while the second driving mechanism drives the extraction needle to move, it also drives the third driving mechanism and the needle core to move synchronously.

[0018] Optionally, the solid phase microextraction instrument further includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe being disposed alternately on the protective needle tube, and the internal channels of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to the internal channel of the protective needle tube;

[0019] The solid-phase microextraction instrument also includes a heating device disposed between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, which is used to heat the protective needle tube.

[0020] Optionally, the solid-phase microextraction instrument further includes a position detection device; the position detection device includes a movable component, a first detection group, a second detection group, and a third detection group; the first detection group, the second detection group, and the third detection group are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in a vertical direction; the movable component is connected to the second driving mechanism and can move with the second driving mechanism; the movement path of the movable component passes through the first detection group, the second detection group, and the third detection group in sequence;

[0021] During the process of the first driving mechanism driving the protective needle tube to extend into the headspace vial, the movable part moves from the first detection group to the second detection group; during the process of the second driving mechanism driving the front end of the extraction needle tube to extend out of the protective needle tube, the movable part moves from the second detection group to the third detection group.

[0022] The advantages of the solid-phase microextraction instrument provided by this invention compared to the prior art include:

[0023] In this solid-phase microextraction (SPE) instrument, when the flexible segment is driven by the driving component, the flexible segment's bendability allows it to transmit power to the rigid segment, which in turn drives the needle core to move. Based on this, the arrangement of the first and second guide segments can be designed according to actual needs. This not only reduces the overall size of the SPE instrument, minimizing its space requirements, but also allows for adjustments to the arrangement of the first and second guide segments, facilitating integration with other devices. Therefore, this SPE instrument effectively addresses the technical problems of existing SPE instruments, such as large space requirements and inconvenience in combining with other equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-phase microextraction apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the solid-phase microextraction apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the solid-phase microextraction apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the central structure;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0031] Icons: 10-Solid Phase Microextraction Instrument; 11-Frame; 12-Drive Body; 100-Extraction Needle Assembly; 110-Extraction Needle Tube; 120-Needle Core; 200-Protective Needle Tube; 210-Inlet Tube; 220-Outlet Tube; 230-Heating Device; 300-First Drive Mechanism; 400-Second Drive Mechanism; 500-Third Drive Mechanism; 510-Drive Component; 520-Transmission Component; 521-Flexible Section; 522-Rigid Section; 530-Guide Assembly; 531-First Guide Section; 532-Second Guide Section; 5321-Moving Tube; 5322-Fixed Tube; 501-Straight Tube Section; 502-Bent Tube Section; 600-Position Detection Device; 610-Moving Component; 620-First Detection Group; 630-Second Detection Group; 640-Third Detection Group. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0038] Solid-phase microextraction (SPE) is a technique that uses fused silica fibers coated with a stationary phase to adsorb and enrich analytes in a sample. Its key advantage is the ability to concentrate analytes during extraction. The most common SPE technique involves filling a short tube with an adsorbent; when a sample solution or gas passes through, the analytes are adsorbed and extracted, and then various solvents are used to selectively elute the analytes.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a solid-phase microextraction (SPE) instrument 10, which achieves adsorption extraction of samples based on the aforementioned SPE technology. It is worth noting that the SPE instrument 10 provided in this application can improve upon the technical problems of existing SPE instruments, such as large space requirements and inconvenience in combining with other devices.

[0040] In this embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The solid-phase microextraction (SPE) instrument 10 includes an extraction needle assembly 100, a protective needle tube 200, a first drive mechanism 300, a second drive mechanism 400, and a third drive mechanism 500. The extraction needle assembly 100 includes an extraction needle tube 110 and a needle core 120. The needle core 120 is movably disposed inside the extraction needle tube 110 and can move along the axial direction of the extraction needle tube 110. The extraction needle tube 110 provides protection to the needle core 120, which is used for sample extraction. The extraction needle tube 110 is movably disposed inside the protective needle tube 200 and can move along the axial direction of the protective needle tube 200; the protective needle tube 200 provides protection to the extraction needle tube 110. It is worth noting that the protective needle tube 200 is used to insert into the headspace vial; based on this, after the protective needle tube 200 is inserted into the headspace vial, the extraction needle tube 110 can extend into the headspace vial along the protective needle tube 200; furthermore, the needle core 120 can extend into the headspace vial along the extraction needle tube 110 to perform extraction. The first drive mechanism 300 is connected to the protective needle tube 200 and is used to drive the protective needle tube 200 to move so that the protective needle tube 200 is inserted into or removed from the headspace vial. The second drive mechanism 400 is connected to the extraction needle tube 110 and is used to drive the extraction needle tube 110 to move relative to the protective needle tube 200. The third drive mechanism 500 includes a drive member 510, a transmission member 520, and a guide assembly 530. The transmission member 520 includes a flexible segment 521 and a rigid segment 522 connected to each other. The flexible segment 521 is connected to the drive member 510, and the rigid segment 522 is connected to the needle core 120. The guide assembly 530 includes a first guide segment 531 and a second guide segment 532. The first guide segment 531 extends in the same direction as the needle core 120. The rigid segment 522 is movably disposed inside the first guide segment 531 and can move along the first guide segment 531. The second guide segment 532 is connected to the first guide segment 531, and at least a portion of the second guide segment 532 is not collinear with the first guide segment 531. The flexible segment 521 is movably disposed inside the second guide segment 532. The drive member 510 is used to push or pull the flexible segment 521 to move along the second guide segment 532.

[0041] In this embodiment, a sealing device is provided at the top of the protective needle tube 200. This sealing device can seal the gap between the extraction needle tube 110 and the protective needle tube 200 after the extraction needle tube 110 of the extraction needle assembly 100 enters the protective needle tube 200, preventing external substances from entering the protective needle tube 200 after the extraction needle tube 110 enters the protective needle tube 200, thus preventing the needle core 120 from being contaminated, and consequently preventing the sample from being contaminated.

[0042] In other words, when sample extraction is required, the first driving mechanism 300 drives the protective needle tube 200 to extend into the headspace vial; the second driving mechanism 400 drives the extraction needle tube 110 to move along the protective needle tube 200 so that the front end of the extraction needle tube 110 extends out of the protective needle tube 200; then, the third driving mechanism 500 drives the needle core 120 to move along the extraction needle tube 110 so that the front end of the needle core 120 can extend out of the extraction needle tube 110, and the needle core 120 can then be inserted into the headspace vial to extract the sample.

[0043] As described above, in this solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10, when the driving member 510 drives the flexible segment 521, the flexible segment 521, due to its bendability, can transmit power to the rigid segment 522, thereby driving the needle core 120 to move. Based on this, the arrangement of the first guide segment 531 and the second guide segment 532 can be designed according to actual conditions. This not only reduces the overall volume of the solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10, thus minimizing its space requirements, but also allows for adjustments to the arrangement of the first guide segment 531 and the second guide segment 532, facilitating integration with other devices. Therefore, this solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10 effectively addresses the technical problems of large space requirements and inconvenience in combining with other devices in existing solid-phase microextraction apparatuses.

[0044] It is worth noting that the statement that at least a portion of the second guide segment 532 is not collinear with the first guide segment 531 means that the second guide segment 532 may be partially or entirely non-collinear with the first guide segment 531. Furthermore, the non-collinearity of the second guide segment 532 and the first guide segment 531 can manifest in various ways; for example, the extension path of the second guide segment 532 may be a straight line, and the extension path of the second guide segment 532 may be at an angle to the extension path of the first guide segment 531; or, for example, the extension path of the second guide segment 532 may not be a straight line, in which case the second guide segment 532 cannot be collinear with the first guide segment 531, such as an arc, a spiral, or a loop.

[0045] In addition, in this embodiment, when the flexible segment 521 is pushed by the driving member 510, a portion of the flexible segment 521 moves along the second guide segment 532 and extends into the interior of the first guide segment 531 to push the rigid segment 522 to move, thereby transmitting power to the needle core 120. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the flexible segment 521 is made of a material that is not easily deformed along its axial direction but is easily bent along its radial direction. For example, the flexible segment 521 is a metal wire or a wire made of a high-temperature resistant polymer material.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flexible segment 521 is smaller than that of the rigid segment 522. To facilitate stable power transmission by the rigid segment 522, its diameter can be set slightly larger. When the rigid segment 522 and the first guide segment 531 are in contact, the stability of their contact can be improved. Furthermore, after the rigid segment 522 extends beyond the first guide segment 531, it can ensure that the rigid segment 522 can maintain a stable direction of movement, thereby ensuring that the needle core 120 can move along the designated path and preventing the rigid segment 522 from deviating and damaging the needle core 120. Conversely, to facilitate radial bending of the flexible segment 521, its diameter can be set smaller.

[0047] In this embodiment, a guide channel is provided inside the first guide segment 531, and an entrance is provided on the radially outer side of the first guide segment 531; the second guide segment 532 is curved at one end near the first guide segment 531 and extends into the guide channel from the entrance. The fact that the second guide segment 532 is curved at one end near the first guide segment 531 facilitates its connection to the first guide segment 531, thereby facilitating the movement of the transmission member 520 between the first and second guide segments 531 and 532.

[0048] In other words, in this embodiment, the second guide segment 532 consists of two parts, one extending along a straight path and the other extending along an arc path; the arc-shaped part connects to the first guide segment 531, while the straight part is set at an angle to the first guide segment 531. It should be understood that in other embodiments of this application, the second guide segment 532 can also be set in other ways, for example, replacing the straight-line extending part of the second guide segment 532 with a tubular structure extending along a spiral or an arc, etc.

[0049] In this embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second guide section 532 includes a fixed tube 5322 and a movable tube 5321; one end of the fixed tube 5322 is connected to the first guide section 531, and the internal channel of the fixed tube 5322 is connected to the guide channel inside the first guide section 531; the movable tube 5321 is movably connected to the other end of the fixed tube 5322, and the movable tube 5321 and the fixed tube 5322 are coaxially arranged; the flexible section 521 is arranged inside both the movable tube 5321 and the fixed tube 5322; the movable tube 5321 is connected to the driving member 510; the driving member 510 is used to drive the flexible section 521 to move while driving the movable tube 5321 to move along the fixed tube 5322.

[0050] It is worth noting that, since the flexible segment 521 is prone to bending in its radial direction, the fixed tube 5322 and the movable tube 5321 are designed to restrict the radial direction of the flexible segment 521, preventing its movement path from changing during the dragging of the flexible segment 521 by the driving member 510, thus ensuring stable power transmission. Specifically, this can be viewed as the driving member 510 driving the flexible segment 521 and the movable tube 5321 simultaneously, with the movable tube 5321 retracting relative to the fixed tube 5322, while the flexible segment 521 advances forward to transmit power to the rigid segment 522. Conversely, during the retraction of the flexible segment 521 and the movable tube 5321 by the driving member 510, the flexible segment 521 can pull the rigid segment 522, at which point the movable tube 5321 extends relative to the fixed tube 5322.

[0051] Optionally, the fixed tube 5322 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the movable tube 5321. That is, the movable tube 5321 can extend and retract within the internal channel of the fixed tube 5322. Based on this, during the extension and retraction of the movable tube 5321 relative to the fixed tube 5322, the flexible segment 521 can move stably along the fixed tube 5322 to transmit power.

[0052] It is worth noting that, since the movable tube 5321 is located inside the fixed tube 5322, during the process of the movable tube 5321 entering the fixed tube 5322, the movable tube 5321 always maintains a cooperative state with the flexible section 521, which can provide a restrictive effect on the flexible section 521, restrict the bending of the flexible section 521, and improve the stability of power transmission.

[0053] Furthermore, the fixed tube 5322 includes a straight tube portion 501 and a bent tube portion 502; the movable tube 5321 is movably connected to the straight tube portion 501, and the bent tube portion 502 extends into the guide channel. The bent tube portion 502 corresponds to the bent portion of the second guide section 532.

[0054] Optionally, the straight tube 501 and the movable tube 5321 at least partially overlap, and the length of the straight tube 501 is greater than the length of the movable tube 5321. By setting the straight tube 501 and the movable tube 5321 to at least partially overlap, during the movement of the movable tube 5321 and the flexible segment 521 driven by the drive member 510, it is ensured that the movable tube 5321 and the straight tube 501 remain in contact, allowing for smooth driving of the needle core 120. Furthermore, by setting the length of the straight tube 501 to be greater than the length of the movable tube 5321, even if the movable tube 5321 is fully inserted into the straight tube 501, it is prevented from entering the bend section 502, thus preventing damage to the straight tube 501. It is worth noting that when the drive member 510 pulls the movable tube 5321 and the flexible segment 521 out of the straight tube 501, the drive member 510 has a limit position to prevent the drive member 510 from pulling the movable tube 5321 out of the straight tube 501.

[0055] In this embodiment, the third driving mechanism 500 is connected to the second driving mechanism 400. While the second driving mechanism 400 moves the extraction needle 110, it also moves the third driving mechanism 500 and the needle core 120 synchronously. That is, as the second driving mechanism 400 moves the extraction needle 110 downwards, it simultaneously moves the third driving mechanism 500 and the needle core 120 downwards. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the driving devices of the second driving mechanism 400 and the driving member 510 are both mounted on the frame 11, which is mounted on the driving body 12. During the movement of the frame 11, the driving body 12 achieves the purpose of the second driving mechanism 400 driving the extraction needle 110, and simultaneously enables the synchronous movement of the third driving mechanism 500 and the needle core 120. The first driving mechanism 300 also cooperates with the driving body 12 and is driven by it.

[0056] It is worth noting that, in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 The power transmission portions of the first drive mechanism 300 and the second drive mechanism 400 serve as transmission arms, i.e., the lateral power arms shown in the figure. It should be understood that in other embodiments of this application, the first drive mechanism 300 and the second drive mechanism 400 may also employ other forms of power transmission structures. For example, a lead screw structure; taking the first drive mechanism 300 as an example, a corresponding lead screw structure can be formed on the outer periphery of the protective needle tube 200, while the first drive mechanism 300 employs a rotatable drive structure sleeved on the outer periphery of the protective needle tube 200, etc.

[0057] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1The solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10 also includes a position detection device 600; the position detection device 600 includes a movable component 610, a first detection group 620, a second detection group 630, and a third detection group 640; the first detection group 620, the second detection group 630, and the third detection group 640 are arranged vertically from top to bottom at intervals; the movable component 610 is connected to the second drive mechanism 400 and can move with the second drive mechanism 400; the movement path of the movable component 610 passes through the first detection group 620, the second detection group 630, and the third detection group 640 in sequence. During the process of the first drive mechanism 300 driving the protective needle tube 200 to extend into the headspace vial, the movable component 610 moves from the first detection group 620 to the second detection group 630; during the process of the second drive mechanism 400 driving the front end of the extraction needle tube 110 to extend out of the protective needle tube 200, the movable component 610 moves from the second detection group 630 to the third detection group 640.

[0058] It is worth noting that with the first detection group 620, the second detection group 630, and the third detection group 640 set up, the overall status of the solid-phase microextraction instrument 10 can be monitored through these three groups. This facilitates the determination of the positions of the protective needle 200, the extraction needle 110, and the needle core 120, thereby enabling precise sample extraction. In this embodiment, the first detection group 620, the second detection group 630, and the third detection group 640 can be photoelectric devices, and their positions can be monitored by blocking their signal sources with the movable part 610.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the solid-phase microextraction instrument 10 is in the ready state, the movable part 610 blocks the signal source of the first detection group 620, while the signal sources of the second detection group 630 and the third detection group 640 are not blocked; this indicates that the protective needle tube 200 has not yet moved into place, and sample extraction has not yet begun. During the insertion of the protective needle tube 200 into the headspace vial by the first driving mechanism 300, the first driving mechanism 300 and the second driving mechanism 400 move downwards synchronously, simultaneously moving the movable part 610 from the first detection group 620 to the second detection group 630. When the signal source of the second detection group 630 is blocked by the movable part 610, it indicates that the protective needle tube 200 has moved to the designated position in the headspace vial. At this point, the position of the protective needle tube 200 can be locked, which means the linkage between the first driving mechanism 300 and the second driving mechanism 400 can be released. The extraction needle 110 continues to move downward via the second drive mechanism 400. The movable part 610 moves downward under the drive of the second drive mechanism 400 until it is detected by the third detection group 640, i.e., until the signal source of the third detection group 640 is blocked. This indicates that the extraction needle 110 has moved to the designated position. At this point, the front end of the extraction needle 110 extends out of the protective needle tube 200, thus locking the second drive mechanism 400. Finally, the needle core 120 can be driven to move via the drive member 510 until it extends out of the extraction needle 110 to extract the sample.

[0060] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the solid-phase microextraction instrument 10 may include a control device, which is electrically connected to the first drive mechanism 300, the second drive mechanism 400, and the third drive mechanism 500 to control their operation. Similarly, the first detection group 620, the second detection group 630, and the third detection group 640 are also electrically connected to the control device to send photoelectric signals. The control device can then control the operation of the first drive mechanism 300, the second drive mechanism 400, and the third drive mechanism 500 based on the received photoelectric signals to achieve automated sample extraction.

[0061] In addition, in this embodiment, the solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10 further includes an inlet pipe 210 and an outlet pipe 220, which are spaced apart on the protective needle tube 200, and the internal channels of both the inlet pipe 210 and the outlet pipe 220 are connected to the internal channel of the protective needle tube 200. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10 also includes a heating device 230, which is disposed between the inlet pipe 210 and the outlet pipe 220 for heating the protective needle tube 200.

[0062] After sample extraction is complete, the drive unit 510 can first pull the needle core 120 outward until it is retracted into the extraction needle tube 110; then, the second drive mechanism 400 drives the extraction needle tube 110 outward until its front end aligns with the outlet tube 220; then, the drive unit 510 again drives the needle core 120 outward until it is positioned between the inlet tube 210 and the outlet tube 220. At this point, the heating device 230 and the inlet tube 210 can be turned on; the heating device 230 heats the needle core 120, facilitating the removal of the sample from the needle core 120; and the air intake through the inlet tube 210 carries away the sample from the needle core 120, which is then exported through the outlet tube 220, thus delivering the sample to the detection end, thereby achieving sample injection. Furthermore, this method employs a sealing device at the top of the protective needle tube 200, and the gap between the protective needle tube 200 and the headspace vial is sealed by the cap of the headspace vial. This ensures that the needle core 120 remains in a closed environment throughout the extraction process, thus keeping the portion of the sample extracted by the needle core 120 within the closed system. This avoids the problem of traditional solid-phase microextraction where the extraction head is exposed to air after extraction, which alters the environment of the extraction head and can easily lead to sample contamination. Additionally, the desorption process, with the needle core 120 located inside the protective needle tube 200, also takes place in a closed environment, preventing sample contamination from external substances and ensuring the complete and accurate transfer of the sample.

[0063] In summary, in this solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10, when the flexible segment 521 is driven by the driving component 510, the flexible segment 521, due to its bendability, can transmit power to the rigid segment 522, thereby driving the needle core 120 to move. Based on this, the arrangement of the first guide segment 531 and the second guide segment 532 can be designed according to actual conditions. This not only reduces the overall volume of the solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10, thus minimizing its space requirements, but also allows for adjustments to the arrangement of the first guide segment 531 and the second guide segment 532, facilitating integration with other devices. Therefore, this solid-phase microextraction apparatus 10 effectively addresses the technical problems of large space requirements and inconvenience in combining with other devices in existing solid-phase microextraction apparatuses.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solid-phase microextraction instrument, characterized in that, include: An extraction needle assembly (100) includes an extraction needle tube (110) and a needle core (120). The needle core (120) is movably disposed inside the extraction needle tube (110) and can move along the axial direction of the extraction needle tube (110). A protective needle tube (200) is provided, wherein the extraction needle tube (110) is movably disposed inside the protective needle tube (200) and can move along the axial direction of the protective needle tube (200); a sealing device is provided at the top of the protective needle tube (200), wherein the sealing device seals the gap between the extraction needle tube (110) and the protective needle tube (200) after the extraction needle tube (110) of the extraction needle assembly (100) enters the protective needle tube (200); A first drive mechanism (300) is connected to the protective needle tube (200) and is used to drive the protective needle tube (200) to move so that the protective needle tube (200) is inserted into or removed from the headspace vial; The second drive mechanism (400), connected to the extraction needle tube (110), is used to drive the extraction needle tube (110) to move relative to the protective needle tube (200); and, The third drive mechanism (500) includes a drive component (510), a transmission component (520), and a guide assembly (530); the transmission component (520) includes a flexible segment (521) and a rigid segment (522) connected to each other, the flexible segment (521) being connected to the drive component (510), and the rigid segment (522) being connected to the needle core (120); the flexible segment (521) is made of a material that is not easily deformed along the axial direction but is easily bent along its radial direction, such as a metal wire or a wire made of a high-temperature resistant polymer material; the guide assembly (530) includes a first guide segment (531) and a second guide segment (532); The first guide segment (531) extends in the same direction as the needle core (120). The rigid segment (522) is movably disposed inside the first guide segment (531) and can move along the first guide segment (531). The second guide segment (532) is connected to the first guide segment (531), and at least a portion of the second guide segment (532) is not collinear with the first guide segment (531). The flexible segment (521) is movably disposed inside the second guide segment (532). The driving member (510) is used to push or pull the flexible segment (521) to move along the second guide segment (532). The second guide section (532) includes a fixed tube (5322) and a movable tube (5321). The fixed tube (5322) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the movable tube (5321). One end of the fixed tube (5322) is connected to the first guide section (531), and the internal channel of the fixed tube (5322) communicates with the guide channel inside the first guide section (531). The movable tube (5321) is movably connected to the other end of the fixed tube (5322), and the movable tube (5321) and the fixed tube (5322) are aligned. A shaft is provided; the flexible segment (521) is simultaneously disposed inside the movable tube (5321) and the fixed tube (5322); the movable tube (5321) is connected to the driving member (510); the driving member (510) is used to drive the flexible segment (521) to move while simultaneously driving the movable tube (5321) to move along the fixed tube (5322), the movable tube (5321) retracts relative to the fixed tube (5322), and the flexible segment (521) advances forward to transmit power to the rigid segment (522); The solid-phase microextraction instrument (10) further includes a position detection device (600); the position detection device (600) includes a movable component (610), a first detection group (620), a second detection group (630), and a third detection group (640); the first detection group (620), the second detection group (630), and the third detection group (640) are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the vertical direction; the movable component (610) is connected to the second drive mechanism (400) and can move with the second drive mechanism (400); the movement path of the movable component (610) passes through the first detection group (620), the second detection group (630), and the third detection group (640) in sequence. During the process of the first driving mechanism (300) driving the protective needle tube (200) to extend into the headspace vial, the movable part (610) moves from the first detection group (620) to the second detection group (630); during the process of the second driving mechanism (400) driving the front end of the extraction needle tube (110) to extend out of the protective needle tube (200), the movable part (610) moves from the second detection group (630) to the third detection group (640).

2. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide segment (531) has a guide channel inside and an entrance is provided on the radial outer side of the first guide segment (531); the second guide segment (532) bends at one end near the first guide segment (531) and extends into the guide channel from the entrance.

3. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the flexible segment (521) is smaller than that of the rigid segment (522).

4. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed tube (5322) includes a straight tube section (501) and a bent tube section (502); the movable tube (5321) is movably connected to the straight tube section (501), and the bent tube section (502) extends into the guide channel.

5. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The straight tube (501) overlaps at least partially with the movable tube (5321), and the length of the straight tube (501) is greater than the length of the movable tube (5321).

6. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The third driving mechanism (500) is connected to the second driving mechanism (400). While the second driving mechanism (400) drives the extraction needle (110) to move, it also drives the third driving mechanism (500) and the needle core (120) to move synchronously.

7. The solid-phase microextraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The solid phase microextraction instrument (10) further includes an inlet pipe (210) and an outlet pipe (220), the inlet pipe (210) and the outlet pipe (220) being disposed alternately on the protective needle tube (200), and the internal channels of the inlet pipe (210) and the outlet pipe (220) being connected to the internal channel of the protective needle tube (200); The solid phase microextraction instrument (10) also includes a heating device (230), which is disposed between the inlet pipe (210) and the outlet pipe (220) for heating the protective needle tube (200).

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