A fluid abrasive and its application

Abstract

This application relates to the field of polishing, and particularly to a fluid abrasive and its application. The fluid abrasive comprises diamond abrasive powder, vegetable oil, a surfactant, surface-modified silica particles, and a water-soluble polymer solution; the surface-modified silica particles comprise silica particles and carboxyl groups grafted on the surface of the silica particles. In this application, through the interaction of each component, the polishing difficulty of the surface of the metal workpiece to be polished is effectively reduced, thereby effectively improving the polishing efficiency and quality of the metal workpiece to be polished. At the same time, it can also prevent oxidation and the generation of further defects during the polishing process. In addition, the fluid abrasive in this application also has good stability, so as to prevent separation and precipitation between components during storage and under shear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of polishing, and particularly to a fluid abrasive and its application. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern technology, electronic gases have been widely used in fields such as semiconductor manufacturing, laser processing, and ionizing radiation medicine. In these fields, metal pipes for transporting gases are widely used as storage containers for electronic gases. However, the surface roughness and unevenness of cylinders and metal pipes for transporting gases will affect the quality and stability of electronic gases. Therefore, it is necessary to perform surface treatment and polishing on cylinders and metal pipes for transporting gases. At present, traditional polishing methods can no longer fully meet the requirements for the surface accuracy of cylinders and metal pipes for transporting gases.

[0003] Traditional polishing methods generally include the following several types:

[0004] 1. Mechanical polishing: The rotating gas cylinder is placed in a polishing machine, and the surface is polished using friction. Although the speed is relatively fast, the mechanical polishing method has defects such as high noise and high surface unevenness, and there is also a problem of introducing impurities such as iron filings during the polishing process.

[0005] 2. Chemical polishing: The surface of the gas cylinder is corroded using a chemical solution to make its surface more flat. However, this method has defects such as large material damage and easy environmental pollution, and it may also affect the purity and stability of the gas in the cylinder.

[0006] 3. Magnetorheological fluid polishing: Magnetorheological fluid is used for processing and polishing in a magnetic field. Although the surface polishing effect of the magnetorheological fluid polishing method is good, the current magnetorheological fluid materials are expensive, making it difficult to promote in practical applications. In addition, the magnetorheological fluid polishing method also has problems such as cumbersome processes and high costs.

[0007] In summary, although traditional polishing methods can improve the flatness of the surfaces of cylinders and metal pipes for transporting gases to varying degrees, there are still some limitations and problems. Therefore, it is of great significance to research and develop an efficient and environmentally friendly polishing method for cylinders. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present application aims to overcome the defects of insufficient polishing accuracy, damage to the object to be polished, and environmental pollution existing in the existing grinding and polishing means, and provides a fluid abrasive and its application.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present application is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A fluid abrasive, comprising diamond abrasive powder, vegetable oil, surfactant, surface-modified silica particles, and a water-soluble polymer solution;

[0011] The surface-modified silica particles include silica particles and carboxyl groups grafted on the surface of the silica particles.

[0012] The fluid abrasive in this application mainly includes two parts, namely, the abrasive used to contact the workpiece to be ground, thereby playing a role in grinding and polishing, and the non-Newtonian fluid used to provide kinetic energy to the abrasive, thereby increasing the contact force between the abrasive and the workpiece to be ground.

[0013] In the fluid abrasive of this application, the abrasive includes diamond abrasive powder and surface-modified silica. Diamond abrasive powder and silica particles have higher hardness compared to metals (such as steel cylinders for storing gas). Therefore, during the contact with the workpiece to be ground, they play a role in grinding and cutting the metal, reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece to the required size and surface roughness, thereby making its surface smoother and improving the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0014] In order to better achieve the grinding effect on the object to be ground, in this application, a certain surface modification treatment is carried out on the silica particles. In this application, the silica particles are surface-modified, so that carboxyl groups are grafted on the surface of the silica particles. These carboxyl groups have a certain acidity, so that during the contact between the surface-modified silica particles and the surface of the workpiece to be ground, they can play a certain role in corroding and softening the surface of the workpiece to be ground, thereby facilitating the grinding and polishing work of the workpiece to be ground.

[0015] The non-Newtonian fluid in this application is mainly composed of a water-soluble polymer solution. Usually, water-soluble polymers generally contain groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, and pyrrolidone. These groups can form hydrogen bonds with each other or with water. These hydrogen bonds can maintain the stability of the water-soluble polymer solution, so that a shear thickening effect can be produced during the shearing process. When the non-Newtonian fluid carries the abrasive and flows in the workpiece to be ground, the protrusions on the surface of the workpiece to be ground can increase the flow resistance of the non-Newtonian fluid, thereby significantly increasing the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid. The force between the abrasive carried in the non-Newtonian fluid and the workpiece to be ground is greatly enhanced, thereby improving the grinding effect of the abrasive on the workpiece to be ground.

[0016] At the same time, since the carboxyl groups contained in the surface-modified silica particles can also form a stable hydrogen bond with the water-soluble polymer solution, the stability of the surface-modified silica particles in the fluid abrasive can be ensured. Therefore, it is avoided to separate and precipitate from the non-Newtonian liquid under the shearing action, thereby ensuring the grinding efficiency.

[0017] In addition, a certain amount of vegetable oil is added to the non-Newtonian fluid in the present application, which has the following five beneficial effects: (1) The addition of vegetable oil can play a certain lubricating effect, thereby reducing the friction between the abrasive and the flat surface during the polishing process, thereby preventing new defects (such as cracks and wear) from being generated at positions that do not require grinding. (2) The addition of vegetable oil can take away the heat generated during the grinding process, thereby reducing the temperature of the working environment. (3) Vegetable oil contains a large amount of fatty acids and oleic acid. These fatty acids and oleic acid have a certain acidity, and the acidity is relatively weak. They can react appropriately during the contact with the surface of the object to be ground, thereby reducing the difficulty of the grinding process. (4) Most of the components in vegetable oil are reducing components, which can effectively prevent the oxidation of the object to be ground, thereby affecting subsequent use. (5) Due to the presence of carboxyl-containing substances such as fatty acids and oleic acid in vegetable oil, they can form hydrogen bonds with water-soluble polymers, thereby regulating the fluid properties of the overall non-Newtonian fluid.

[0018] Since the compatibility between vegetable oil and water-soluble polymer solution is relatively poor, the present application also adds a certain amount of surfactant to the fluid abrasive, which can effectively improve the compatibility between vegetable oil and water-soluble polymer solution, thereby ensuring that no separation occurs between the vegetable oil and the water-soluble polymer solution during the shearing process, thereby improving the stability of the abrasive.

[0019] Therefore, in summary, the present application effectively reduces the difficulty of grinding the workpiece to be ground through the interaction between surface-modified silica particles, water-soluble polymer solution, vegetable oil and surfactant, thereby effectively improving the grinding effect and grinding efficiency.

[0020] Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0021] 20-40 parts of diamond grinding powder, 20-50 parts of vegetable oil, 5-10 parts of surfactant, 30-50 parts of surface-modified silicon dioxide particles, and 70-100 parts of water-soluble polymer solution.

[0022] Preferably, the method for preparing the surface-modified silica particles comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) mixing tetraalkoxysilane and trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure and hydrolyzing them to obtain silicon dioxide particles containing a silicon-hydrogen structure;

[0024] (2) A silicon dioxide particle containing a silicon-hydrogen structure is subjected to a silicon-hydrogen addition reaction with a reactant containing a carboxyl group and an unsaturated group, thereby grafting carboxyl groups on the surface of the silicon dioxide particle to obtain the surface-modified silicon dioxide.

[0025] In the preparation process of the surface-modified silica particles in the present application, tetraalkoxysilane and trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure are first mixed and hydrolyzed, so as to introduce a reactive silicon-hydrogen structure into the obtained silica particles. These silicon-hydrogen structures can undergo a hydrosilylation reaction with reactants containing unsaturated groups and carboxyl groups, thereby introducing carboxyl groups onto the surface of the silica particles. By this method, the content of carboxyl groups can be effectively controlled to regulate the flow properties of non-Newtonian fluids.

[0026] In addition, in the prior art, in order to introduce carboxyl groups onto the surface of silica, usually an organic resin is first introduced onto the surface of silica, and then carboxyl groups are grafted onto the surface of the organic resin. However, in this way, since the organic resin completely coats the silica, the surface hardness of the silica after being coated with the organic resin is relatively low, so it is difficult to play a good grinding role on the object to be ground. In the present application, carboxyl groups and other functional groups are grafted onto a part of the surface of silica, so it is not completely coated, making the surface-modified silica particles still have a relatively high hardness, so that they can still play a good grinding effect on the workpiece to be ground.

[0027] Preferably, the content of the reactant containing carboxyl groups and unsaturated groups is between 1 / 10 and 1 / 2 of the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure.

[0028] Preferably, the tetraalkoxysilane is any one of tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane.

[0029] Preferably, the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure is any one of trimethoxysilane and triethoxysilane.

[0030] Preferably, the reactant containing carboxyl groups and unsaturated groups includes any one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride.

[0031] Preferably, the vegetable oil is any one or a mixture of one or more of camellia oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, and sesame oil.

[0032] Preferably, the surfactant includes any one or a mixture of one or more of stearates, oleates, and laurates.

[0033] The surfactant selected and used in the present application is a salt of a higher fatty acid, and it has good compatibility with vegetable oils rich in higher fatty acids, so as to effectively improve the compatibility between vegetable oils and water-soluble polymer solutions.

[0034] Preferably, the water-soluble polymer solution is a mixture of one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxymethyl cellulose.

[0035] Preferably, the particle size of the diamond abrasive powder is 800 - 1600 mesh.

[0036] In a second aspect, the present application also provides the use of the fluid abrasive as described above in the grinding and polishing of metal surfaces.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a grinding and polishing method, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Fix the workpiece to be ground in a tooling, and use a hydraulic mechanism to squeeze the fluid abrasive into the workpiece to be ground, so that the fluid abrasive contacts the surface of the workpiece to be ground to complete the polishing.

[0039] Therefore, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) In the present application, through the interaction between various components, the grinding difficulty of the surface of the metal workpiece to be ground is effectively reduced, thereby effectively improving the grinding efficiency and grinding quality of the metal workpiece to be ground;

[0041] (2) The fluid abrasive in the present application also has good stability, so that it can prevent the separation and precipitation of components during storage and shearing;

[0042] (3) The fluid abrasive in the present application can also play a good protective role for the workpiece to be ground during the grinding process, preventing oxidation and the generation of further defects during the grinding process. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 It is a surface structure photograph of a metal pipe without surface grinding and polishing.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a surface structure photograph after grinding and polishing with the fluid abrasive described in Example 2 of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] The following further describes the present application with reference to the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present application involved in the following description are usually only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046]

Preparation of Surface-Modified Silicon Dioxide Particles

[0047] Surface-Modified Silicon Dioxide Particle A1:

[0048] (1) Mix 165 g (0.8 mol) of tetraethoxysilane, 32.8 g (0.2 mol) of triethoxysilane, 50 mL of concentrated ammonia water (25% - 28%), 100 mL of deionized water, and 1 L of ethanol uniformly, and stir slowly at 40 °C for 6 h. Then precipitate, centrifuge, and wash with water until the pH = 7 to obtain silicon dioxide microparticles containing silicon-hydrogen structures.

[0049] (2) Bake the silicon dioxide microparticles containing silicon-hydrogen structures prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse them in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 1.96 g (20 mmol) of maleic anhydride and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 3 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structures on the silicon dioxide microparticles and maleic anhydride. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silicon dioxide A1.

[0050] Surface-Modified Silicon Dioxide Particle A2:

[0051] (1) As in step (1) of surface-modified silicon dioxide particle A1;

[0052] (2) Bake the silicon dioxide microparticles containing silicon-hydrogen structures prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse them in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 4.9 g (50 mmol) of maleic anhydride and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 5 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structures on the silicon dioxide microparticles and maleic anhydride. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silicon dioxide A2.

[0053] Surface-Modified Silicon Dioxide Particle A3:

[0054] (1) As in step (1) of surface-modified silicon dioxide particle A1;

[0055] (2) Bake the silicon dioxide microparticles containing silicon-hydrogen structures prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse them in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 9.8 g (0.1 mol) of maleic anhydride and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 5 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structures on the silicon dioxide microparticles and maleic anhydride. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silicon dioxide A3.

[0056] Surface-modified silica particles A4:

[0057] (1) As in step (1) of surface-modified silica particles A1;

[0058] (2) Bake the silica particles containing silicon-hydrogen structure prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 0.98 g (10 mmol) of maleic anhydride and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 3 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structure on the silica particles and maleic anhydride. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silica A4.

[0059] Surface-modified silica particles A5:

[0060] (1) As in step (1) of surface-modified silica particles A1;

[0061] (2) Bake the silica particles containing silicon-hydrogen structure prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 19.6 g (0.2 mol) of maleic anhydride and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 3 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structure on the silica particles and maleic anhydride. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silica A5.

[0062] Surface-modified silica particles A6:

[0063] (1) As in step (1) of surface-modified silica particles A1;

[0064] (2) Bake the silica particles containing silicon-hydrogen structure prepared in step (1) at 150 °C for 3 h, then cool to room temperature and disperse in 500 ml of toluene. Then add 3.6 g (50 mmol) of acrylic acid and 3000 ppm of Karstedt's catalyst, and heat to reflux for 3 h to cause a hydrosilylation reaction between the silicon-hydrogen structure on the silica particles and acrylic acid. After the reaction, evaporate the solvent and wash and dry with n-hexane to obtain the surface-modified silica A6.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A1, and 80 parts of 50% aqueous polyethylene glycol 600 solution.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A3, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A6, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 30 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 50 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0077] Example 7

[0078] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 20 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 5 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0079] Example 8

[0080] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 50 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 10 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0081] Example 9

[0082] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 20 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 35 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 70 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0083] Example 10

[0084] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 40 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 45 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 100 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0085] Example 11

[0086] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 800-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0087] Example 12

[0088] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1600-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0089] Example 13

[0090] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of camellia oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0091] Example 14

[0092] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of soybean oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0093] Example 15

[0094] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 5% polyvinyl alcohol 17-99 aqueous solution.

[0095] Example 16

[0096] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface - modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 15% polyacrylamide aqueous solution.

[0097] The formulations of Examples 1 - 15 are shown in Table 1 below:

[0098] Table 1

[0099]

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface - modified silica particles A4, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0102] Comparative Example 2

[0103] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface - modified silica particles A5, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0104] Comparative Example 3

[0105] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 20 parts of surface - modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0106] Comparative Example 4

[0107] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 1200 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 60 parts of surface - modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0108] Comparative Example 5

[0109] A fluid abrasive, by weight, comprises the following components: 30 parts of 600 - mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface - modified silica particles A2, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0110] Comparative Example 6

[0111] A fluid abrasive comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of 2000-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silicon dioxide particles A2, and 80 parts of 80% polyethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0112] Comparative Example 7

[0113] A fluid abrasive comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 10 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silicon dioxide particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0114] Comparative Example 8

[0115] A fluid abrasive comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 70 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silicon dioxide particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0116] Comparative Example 9

[0117] A fluid abrasive comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 30 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (Japan Shin-Etsu KF-96A), 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of surface-modified silicon dioxide particles A2, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0118] Comparative Example 10

[0119] A fluid abrasive comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of 1200-mesh diamond abrasive powder, 40 parts of refined cottonseed oil, 8 parts of sodium stearate, 40 parts of silicon dioxide particles, and 80 parts of 50% polyethylene glycol 600 aqueous solution.

[0120] The formulations of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0121] Table 2

[0122]

[0123] Application Examples

[0124] The fluid abrasives prepared in Examples 1 to 16 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 were subjected to a polishing test, and the test process was as follows: a metal pipe to be polished was fixed on a bidirectional reciprocating abrasive flow polisher, and the fluid abrasives prepared in Examples 1 to 16 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were squeezed into the inner hole of the workpiece to be polished using a hydraulic mechanism. During the polishing process, the pressure was maintained at 5 MPa and the cycle polishing time was 90 min, so that the fluid abrasive was in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be polished to complete the polishing.

[0125] The grinding and polishing results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0126] Table 3

[0127]

[0128] Figure 1 is a photo of the surface structure of a metal pipe that has not been ground and polished, Figure 2 is a photo of the surface structure after grinding and polishing with the fluid abrasive described in Example 2 of the present application. Combining the results in Table 3, we can see that the fluid abrasive prepared in the present application can have a good grinding and polishing effect on the inner wall of the metal pipe.

[0129] By comparing Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 10, it is found that grafting carboxyl groups on the surface of silica particles can effectively improve the grinding efficiency and grinding effect on metal pipes. Looking in detail, the content of grafted carboxyl groups has a relatively obvious influence on the grinding effect. Among them, when the content of reactants containing carboxyl groups and unsaturated groups is more than 1 / 10 of the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure during the preparation of the surface-modified silica particles, there is a relatively obvious positive correlation between its grinding performance and carboxyl group content. However, when the content of reactants containing carboxyl groups and unsaturated groups is more than 1 / 2 of the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure, the improvement of grinding performance is not obvious. Therefore, the content of reactants containing carboxyl groups and unsaturated groups is preferably between 1 / 10 and 1 / 2 of the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure.

[0130] By comparing Examples 2, 5, 6 with Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it is found that the addition amount of surface-modified silica particles in the fluid abrasive has a certain influence on the final polishing effect. When the content of surface-modified silica particles is too low (Comparative Example 3), the polishing effect is not good and the polishing speed is slow. When the content of surface-modified silica particles is too high (Comparative Example 4), although the polishing rate is significantly improved, too many surface-modified silica particles are also likely to damage the surface of the metal pipe, so the polishing effect is difficult to further improve.

[0131] By comparing the examples with Comparative Examples 5 and 6, it is found that the mesh number of diamond abrasive powder has an obvious influence on the polishing performance. When the mesh number of diamond abrasive powder is low, the polishing speed will increase but the roughness after polishing will decrease significantly. When the mesh number of diamond abrasive powder is too high, the polishing speed will decrease significantly, but the roughness after polishing will be significantly improved.

[0132] By comparing the examples with Comparative Examples 7-9, it was found that the addition amount of vegetable oil also has an important influence on the polishing performance. If the addition amount of vegetable oil is too small, its lubricating effect on the abrasive and its corrosiveness to the metal surface are poor, resulting in poor roughness and low polishing rate after polishing. When the addition amount of vegetable oil is too large, the lubricating effect on the abrasive will be greatly improved, which is not conducive to the grinding action between the abrasive and the metal surface, also resulting in the problems of poor roughness and low polishing rate after polishing. After replacing the vegetable oil with inert dimethyl silicone oil, it was found that both the roughness and the polishing rate after polishing decreased significantly, indicating that the addition of vegetable oil is essential.

Claims

1. A fluid abrasive agent, characterized in that, by weight, it comprises the following components: 20-40 parts of diamond abrasive powder, 20-50 parts of vegetable oil, 5-10 parts of surfactant, 30-50 parts of surface-modified silica particles, and 70-100 parts of water-soluble polymer solution; the surface-modified silica includes silica particles and carboxyl groups grafted on the surface of the silica particles; the preparation method of the surface-modified silica particles comprises the following steps: (1) Mix and hydrolyze tetraalkoxysilane and trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure to obtain silica fine particles containing a silicon-hydrogen structure; (2) Carry out a hydrosilylation reaction between the silica fine particles containing a silicon-hydrogen structure and a reactant containing a carboxyl group and an unsaturated group, so as to graft carboxyl groups on the surface of the silica fine particles to obtain the surface-modified silica; the surfactant includes any one or a mixture of more than one of stearate, oleate, and laurate; the water-soluble polymer solution is a mixture of one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxymethyl cellulose; the particle size of the diamond abrasive powder is 800-1600 mesh; the content of the reactant containing a carboxyl group and an unsaturated group is between 1 / 10 and 1 / 2 of the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure.

2. A fluid abrasive agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tetraalkoxysilane is any one of tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane; the trialkoxysilane containing a silicon-hydrogen structure is any one of trimethoxysilane and triethoxysilane; the reactant containing a carboxyl group and an unsaturated group includes any one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride.

3. A fluid abrasive agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vegetable oil is any one or a mixture of more than one of camellia oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, and sesame oil.

4. Application of the fluid abrasive agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in grinding and polishing the metal surface.

5. A grinding and polishing method, characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Fix the workpiece to be ground in a fluid polishing machine, and use a hydraulic mechanism to squeeze the fluid abrasive agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 into the workpiece to be ground, so that the fluid abrasive agent contacts the surface of the workpiece to be ground to complete polishing.

Images