Dual-band dual-polarized millimeter wave array antenna and electronic device with same

Abstract

The application relates to a dual-frequency dual-polarized millimeter wave array antenna with wide-angle scanning capability and an electronic device with the same. The millimeter wave array antenna comprises, from top to bottom and sequentially stacked and separated from each other: a high-frequency radiation layer comprising a plurality of high-frequency radiation units arranged periodically, the high-frequency radiation units being dual-polarized radiation units with a first working frequency band; a low-frequency radiation layer comprising a plurality of low-frequency radiation units arranged periodically, the low-frequency radiation units being dual-polarized radiation units with a second working frequency band, the second working frequency band being non-overlapping with the first working frequency band, and the second working frequency band being lower than the first working frequency band; and an electromagnetic bandgap layer having a third working frequency band and a fourth working frequency band which are non-overlapping with each other, the fourth working frequency band being lower than the third working frequency band, the third working frequency band corresponding to the first working frequency band, and the fourth working frequency band corresponding to the second working frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a dual-frequency dual-polarized millimeter-wave array antenna and an electronic device having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Millimeter-wave technology for 5G applications is a hot topic in academia and industry. At the 2019 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-19), a globally unified millimeter-wave frequency band was determined for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). Currently, the main 5G millimeter-wave frequency bands globally are 24.25-27.5GHz, 37-43.5GHz, 45.5-47GHz, 47.2-48.2GHz, and 66-71GHz. In mobile terminals, due to the presence of Sub-6GHz antennas, metal baffles, and screens, the space for millimeter-wave arrays is very limited. Therefore, higher demands are placed on wide-scan-angle and miniaturized antenna arrays in the millimeter-wave band. Achieving dual-band millimeter-wave operation within limited space is a problem that needs to be overcome.

[0003] With the allocation of millimeter-wave frequency bands in the mobile communication field, more and more scholars have begun to design millimeter-wave antennas. However, due to the limitations of millimeter-wave antenna elements, they cannot well meet the needs of the communication field. Therefore, it is necessary to array individual antennas. With the introduction of array antennas, the phase scan capability of the antenna array has become an important technical indicator in mobile terminal communication. Since simple array antennas cannot meet the wide-angle scanning requirements of millimeter-wave terminals, current millimeter-wave array antennas adopt different methods to improve the phase scan angle. How to achieve the design of a dual-frequency, dual-polarization millimeter-wave antenna within a small volume, and the dual-frequency, dual-polarization wide-angle scanning of the array antenna, has become an important issue in the design of millimeter-wave array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application proposes a dual-frequency dual-polarized millimeter-wave array antenna with wide-angle scanning capability and an electronic device having the same.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application proposes a dual-frequency dual-polarization millimeter-wave array antenna, comprising, from top to bottom, stacked and spaced apart from each other:

[0006] The high-frequency radiation layer includes a plurality of periodically arranged high-frequency radiation units, wherein the high-frequency radiation units are dual-polarized radiation units having a first operating frequency band.

[0007] The low-frequency radiation layer includes a plurality of low-frequency radiation units arranged in a periodic manner. The low-frequency radiation unit is a dual-polarized radiation unit with a second operating frequency band. The second operating frequency band does not overlap with the first operating frequency band, and the second operating frequency band is lower than the first operating frequency band.

[0008] The electromagnetic bandgap layer has a third operating frequency band and a fourth operating frequency band that do not overlap with each other. The fourth operating frequency band is lower than the third operating frequency band. The third operating frequency band corresponds to the first operating frequency band, and the fourth operating frequency band corresponds to the second operating frequency band.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the two zero-phase points of the electromagnetic bandgap layer are located within the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the array antenna may further include a ground layer stacked below the electromagnetic bandgap layer and spaced apart from the electromagnetic bandgap layer.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the array antenna further includes:

[0012] A first dielectric layer is disposed between the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer;

[0013] The second dielectric layer is disposed between the low-frequency radiation layer and the electromagnetic bandgap layer;

[0014] A third dielectric layer is disposed between the electromagnetic bandgap layer and the ground layer.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the plurality of high-frequency radiating elements are arranged at intervals along a first direction, each of the high-frequency radiating elements having a polarization direction at +45° to a second direction and another polarization direction at -45° to the second direction; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0016] The plurality of low-frequency radiating units are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each low-frequency radiating unit has a polarization direction at +45° to the second direction and another polarization direction at -45° to the second direction;

[0017] The electromagnetic bandgap layer includes a plurality of electromagnetic bandgap units arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. The row direction of the two-dimensional matrix has an angle of +45° with the second direction, and the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix has an angle of -45° with the second direction.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the high-frequency radiation unit includes:

[0019] A first central portion, wherein the first central portion is a square, and one diagonal of the first central portion extends along the first direction; and

[0020] Four first protruding portions, which extend vertically from the four sides of the first central portion, and the width of the first protruding portion is equal to the length of the side of the first central portion.

[0021] The low-frequency radiation unit includes:

[0022] The second central portion is square, and its two sides extend along the first direction; and

[0023] Four second protruding portions, which extend outward from the four corners of the second central portion along the diagonal direction of the second central portion;

[0024] The electromagnetic bandgap unit includes:

[0025] Four first metal patterns, each first metal pattern being a square, with each first metal pattern spaced apart from the four vertices of a virtual square, and the two sides of the second metal pattern overlapping the two sides of the virtual square.

[0026] The second metal pattern is a cross shape disposed between and separated from the four first metal patterns. The cross shape includes a first rectangle and a second rectangle that intersect perpendicularly and are of the same size. The first rectangle extends between the midpoints of two opposite sides of the virtual square, and the second rectangle extends between the midpoints of the other two opposite sides of the virtual square.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the first metal pattern is electrically connected to the formation through a metallized via penetrating the third dielectric layer, and the second metal pattern is electrically connected to the formation through a metallized via penetrating the third dielectric layer.

[0028] In some possible implementations, when viewed downwards from the high-frequency radiation layer, each high-frequency radiation unit falls completely within a corresponding low-frequency radiation unit, and the geometric center of each high-frequency radiation unit coincides with the geometric center of the corresponding low-frequency radiation unit.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent high-frequency radiation units is 0.53λ1, and the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent low-frequency radiation units is 0.36λ2, where λ1 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum when the high-frequency radiation unit operates at its center frequency, λ2 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum when the low-frequency radiation unit operates at its center frequency, and 0.53λ1 = 0.36λ2.

[0030] Secondly, this application proposes an electronic device including an array antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0031] According to the array antenna provided in this application, a stacked high- and low-frequency dual-band millimeter-wave radiating element design helps to reduce size. An electromagnetic bandgap layer with two non-overlapping operating frequency bands is arranged below. The electromagnetic bandgap layer matches the two radiating layers above in shape and arrangement and corresponds to the operating frequency bands. This allows the dual-band antenna to achieve good matching at large angles, effectively broadening the antenna's radiation pattern, improving the beam scanning angle of the entire array, and also improving the isolation between radiating elements. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit this application.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-frequency, dual-polarization, wide-angle scanning millimeter-wave array antenna provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the structure shown.

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the medium array antenna from above.

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of a portion of the structure of the medium array antenna from a top-down perspective.

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electromagnetic bandgap element viewed from above.

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Reflection phase diagram of the electromagnetic bandgap layer.

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The emission coefficient of the array antenna at each scanning angle.

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The reflection coefficient of the array antenna at various scanning angles after the electromagnetic bandgap layer is removed.

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Scanning performance of the medium array antenna at 28 GHz.

[0042] Figure 10 yes Figure 1Scanning performance of the medium array antenna at 40 GHz.

[0043] Figure 11 yes Figure 1 The scanning performance of the array antenna at 28 GHz after the electromagnetic bandgap layer was removed.

[0044] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The scanning performance of the array antenna at 40 GHz after the electromagnetic bandgap layer was removed.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] F1 - First direction, F2 - Second direction;

[0047] 1-High-frequency radiating unit; 11-First central part; 12-First protruding part;

[0048] 2-Low-frequency radiating unit, 21-Second central part, 22-Second protruding part;

[0049] 3-Electromagnetic bandgap unit, 31-First metal pattern, 32-Second metal pattern;

[0050] 4-First medium layer, 5-Second medium layer, 6-Third medium layer, 7-Formation. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the described embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It is understood that, without conflict, some technical means of the various embodiments described herein can be substituted for or combined with each other.

[0052] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. Therefore, objects specified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those objects. Furthermore, the words "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, while "multiple" indicates at least two.

[0053] In the description of this application, if terms such as "upper," "lower," or "horizontal" indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the purpose of clearly and simply describing this application, and do not indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These directional terms are relative concepts used for relative description and clarification, and may change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below" other elements will be positioned "above" other elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the aforementioned terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the description of this application, the terms "stacked" or "laminated" include not only cases where the layers are in contact with each other (or laminated), but also cases where another layer is sandwiched between them (or laminated).

[0055] Figures 1 to 5 This illustration shows a specific embodiment of the dual-frequency dual-polarized millimeter-wave array antenna of this application. The array antenna includes, from top to bottom, a high-frequency radiating layer, a first dielectric layer 4, a low-frequency radiating layer, a second dielectric layer 5, an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) layer, a third dielectric layer 6, and a ground layer 7.

[0056] The high-frequency radiation layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged high-frequency radiation units 1, and each high-frequency radiation unit 1 is a dual-polarized radiation unit (having two mutually orthogonal polarization directions). More specifically, the plurality of high-frequency radiation units 1 are arranged at intervals along a straight line along a first direction F1. Each high-frequency radiation unit 1 operates in the high-frequency band of millimeter waves, or in other words, the operating frequency of each high-frequency radiation unit 1 (i.e., the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation layer) is in the high-frequency band of millimeter waves.

[0057] The low-frequency radiation layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged low-frequency radiation units 2, and each low-frequency radiation unit 2 is also a dual-polarized radiation unit (having two mutually orthogonal polarization directions). More specifically, the plurality of low-frequency radiation units 2 are also arranged at intervals along a straight line along the aforementioned first direction F1. Each low-frequency radiation unit 2 operates in the low-frequency band of millimeter waves, or in other words, the operating frequency of each low-frequency radiation unit 2 (i.e., the operating frequency of the low-frequency radiation layer) is in the low-frequency band of millimeter waves.

[0058] For ease of description, the operating frequency band of the aforementioned high-frequency radiation unit 1 is referred to as the first operating frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the aforementioned low-frequency radiation unit 2 is referred to as the second operating frequency band. In this embodiment, the second operating frequency band does not overlap with the first operating frequency band, and the second operating frequency band is lower than the first operating frequency band.

[0059] The electromagnetic bandgap layer comprises multiple electromagnetic bandgap units 3 arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. The row direction of this two-dimensional matrix forms a +45° angle with the second direction F2, and the column direction forms a -45° angle with the second direction F2. The second direction F2 is perpendicular to the aforementioned first direction F1. Furthermore, this electromagnetic bandgap layer can operate in a third and a fourth operating frequency band that do not overlap with each other. The fourth operating frequency band is lower than the third operating frequency band. The third operating frequency band corresponds to the first operating frequency band, and the fourth operating frequency band corresponds to the second operating frequency band—for example, the first operating frequency band is within the third operating frequency band, and the second operating frequency band is within the fourth operating frequency band.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first and third operating frequency bands are both 39-41 GHz, the second operating frequency band is 26-28.5 GHz, and the fourth operating frequency band is 26-29 GHz. The center operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 is 40 GHz, and the center operating frequency of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 is 27.25 GHz.

[0061] As can be seen from the above description, there is a 45° misalignment angle between the arrangement direction of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 and the low-frequency radiation unit 2 and the two-dimensional matrix of the electromagnetic bandgap unit 3.

[0062] Layer 7 can be a metal sheet and can be used for welding test connectors, which are used to connect antenna test equipment.

[0063] The first dielectric layer 4, the second dielectric layer 5, and the third dielectric layer 6 can each be independently made of plastic or rubber, and they provide support and positioning for the aforementioned high-frequency radiation layer, low-frequency radiation layer, electromagnetic bandgap layer, and ground layer 7. Alternatively, the first dielectric layer 4, the second dielectric layer 5, and the third dielectric layer 6 can also be air without physical support capabilities. In this case, the relative positions between the high-frequency radiation layer, the low-frequency radiation layer, the electromagnetic bandgap layer, and the ground layer 7 can be stabilized by other means, such as by setting up fixed supports.

[0064] As previously mentioned, the high-frequency radiation unit 1 and the low-frequency radiation unit 2 are each a dual-polarized radiation unit with two orthogonal polarization directions. More specifically, one polarization direction of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 forms an angle of +45° with the aforementioned second direction F2, and the other polarization direction forms an angle of -45° with the aforementioned second direction F2, commonly referred to as ±45° dual polarization; similarly, one polarization direction of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 forms an angle of +45° with the aforementioned second direction F2, and the other polarization direction forms an angle of -45° with the aforementioned second direction F2.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 and combined Figure 4The ±45° dual polarization of the aforementioned high-frequency radiation unit 1 and low-frequency radiation unit 2 is achieved through the following structure: the high-frequency radiation unit 1 has a first feed point and a second feed point, the angle between the line connecting the geometric center of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 and the first feed point and the second direction F2 is +45°, and the angle between the line connecting the geometric center of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 and the second feed point and the second direction F2 is -45°; the low-frequency radiation unit 2 has a third feed point and a fourth feed point, the angle between the line connecting the geometric center of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 and the third feed point and the second direction F2 is +45°, and the angle between the line connecting the geometric center of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 and the fourth feed point and the second direction F2 is -45°.

[0066] In this embodiment, the two feed points of the high-frequency radiation unit 1 are directly electrically connected. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two feed lines shown are not labeled, and the two feed points of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 are not directly electrically connected to these two feed lines. The two feed points of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 are through-hole structures, and the aforementioned two feed lines pass through these two through-holes to connect to the two feed points of the high-frequency radiation unit 1. The two feed points of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 are fed by electromagnetic coupling.

[0067] Please see Figure 4 and combined Figure 2 Each high-frequency radiating unit 1 includes a first central portion 11 and four first protruding portions 12. The aforementioned two feed points of the high-frequency radiating unit 1 are located in two of the first protruding portions 12. The first central portion 11 is square, and one diagonal of the first central portion 11 extends along a first direction F1, meaning that the other diagonal of the first central portion 11 extends along a second direction F2. The four first protruding portions 12 extend vertically from the four sides of the first central portion 11, and the width of each first protruding portion 12 (i.e., the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the extension of the first protruding portion 12) is equal to the length of the side of the first central portion 11, and the four first protruding portions 12 have the same dimensions. Thus, the high-frequency radiating unit 1 has a standard cross-shaped structure.

[0068] Please continue reading Figure 4 and combined Figure 2Each low-frequency radiating element 2 includes a second central portion 21 and four second protruding portions 22. The second central portion 21 is square, and two sides of the second central portion 21 extend along a first direction F1, meaning that the other two sides of the second central portion 21 extend along a second direction F2. The four second protruding portions 22 extend outward from the four corners of the second central portion 21 along the diagonal direction of the second central portion 21, and the four second protruding portions 22 have the same size. The aforementioned two feed points of the low-frequency radiating element 2 are located at the two corners of the second central portion 21, respectively.

[0069] Please see again. Figure 4 and combined Figure 1 and Figure 3 When viewed downwards from the high-frequency radiation layer, each high-frequency radiation unit 1 falls completely within its corresponding low-frequency radiation unit 2, and the geometric center of each high-frequency radiation unit 1 coincides with the geometric center of its corresponding low-frequency radiation unit 2. This means that the area of ​​the high-frequency radiation unit 1 is smaller than that of the low-frequency radiation unit 2.

[0070] Please see Figure 5 and combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each electromagnetic bandgap unit 3 includes four first metal patterns 31 and one second metal pattern 32. The first metal patterns 31 are squares, and each first metal pattern 31 is positioned at one of the four vertices of a virtual square, spaced apart from each other. The two sides of the second metal pattern 32 overlap with the two sides of the aforementioned virtual square (the second metal pattern 32 is located within the virtual square). The second metal pattern 32 is a cross-shaped arrangement positioned between and spaced apart from the four first metal patterns 31. This cross-shaped arrangement includes a first rectangle and a second rectangle that intersect perpendicularly and are of the same size. The first rectangle extends between the midpoints of two opposite sides of the virtual square, and the second rectangle extends between the midpoints of the other two opposite sides of the virtual square. This means that one of the first rectangle and the second rectangle extends along the row direction of the aforementioned two-dimensional matrix, and the other extends along the column direction of the aforementioned two-dimensional matrix.

[0071] Additionally, please see Figure 5 and combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, each first metal pattern 31 is electrically connected to the ground layer 7 through a metallized via penetrating the third dielectric layer 6, and each second metal pattern 32 is electrically connected to the ground layer 7 through other metallized vias penetrating the third dielectric layer 6. Each metallized via... Figure 5 The dark circles are used to indicate this. More specifically, each metallized via is located at the geometric center of the corresponding metal pattern.

[0072] In this embodiment, the high-frequency radiation unit 1, the low-frequency radiation unit 2, and the electromagnetic bandgap unit 3 are all metal sheet structures.

[0073] Figure 6 This is the reflection phase diagram of the aforementioned electromagnetic bandgap layer. This electromagnetic bandgap layer can provide reflection phase zeros for both the high-frequency radiation unit 1 in the +45° and -45° polarization directions and the low-frequency radiation unit 2 in the +45° and -45° polarization directions. The two zero-phase points of this electromagnetic bandgap layer are located within the aforementioned first and second operating frequency bands, which helps to achieve wide-angle scanning of the two frequency bands.

[0074] In this embodiment, let λ1 be the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in vacuum when the high-frequency radiation unit 1 operates at the center frequency (40GHz), and λ2 be the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in vacuum when the low-frequency radiation unit 2 operates at the center frequency (27.25GHz). Then, the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent high-frequency radiation units 1 is approximately 0.53λ1, and the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent low-frequency radiation units 2 is approximately 0.36λ2, and 0.53λ1 = 0.36λ2.

[0075] Figure 7 The array antenna shown in this embodiment (i.e.) Figure 1 The emission coefficients of the array antenna shown are displayed at various scanning angles for comparison. Figure 8 It shows that Figure 1 The emission coefficient of the array antenna at various scanning angles after the electromagnetic bandgap layer is removed. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The comparison shows that introducing an electromagnetic bandgap layer at large angles allows for better port matching of the array antenna.

[0076] Figure 9 The scanning performance of the array antenna in this embodiment at 28 GHz (low frequency) is shown. Figure 10 The scanning performance of the array antenna in this embodiment at 40 GHz (high frequency) is shown for comparison. Figure 11 It shows that Figure 1 Scanning performance of the array antenna at 28 GHz after removal of the electromagnetic bandgap layer. Figure 12 It shows that Figure 1 The scanning performance of the array antenna at 40 GHz after the electromagnetic bandgap layer was removed. Figures 9 to 12 It can be seen that without the electromagnetic bandgap layer, the overall scanning performance of the array antenna is ±60° for low-frequency scanning angle and ±30° for high-frequency scanning angle. After the electromagnetic bandgap layer is loaded, the array antenna can cover ±74° for low-frequency scanning angle and ±45° for high-frequency scanning angle, and the scanning angle is extended in both high and low frequency bands.

[0077] In addition, this application also provides an electronic device including an array antenna with the above-described structure. The electronic device may be, for example, a wireless router or a smart terminal.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency, dual-polarization millimeter-wave array antenna, characterized in that, Including those that are stacked from top to bottom and separated from each other: The high-frequency radiation layer includes a plurality of periodically arranged high-frequency radiation units, wherein the high-frequency radiation units are dual-polarized radiation units having a first operating frequency band. The low-frequency radiation layer includes a plurality of low-frequency radiation units arranged in a periodic manner. The low-frequency radiation unit is a dual-polarized radiation unit with a second operating frequency band. The second operating frequency band does not overlap with the first operating frequency band, and the second operating frequency band is lower than the first operating frequency band. An electromagnetic bandgap layer has a third operating frequency band and a fourth operating frequency band that do not overlap with each other. The fourth operating frequency band is lower than the third operating frequency band. The third operating frequency band corresponds to the first operating frequency band, and the fourth operating frequency band corresponds to the second operating frequency band. The array antenna also includes: A stratum that is stacked below the electromagnetic bandgap layer and separated from the electromagnetic bandgap layer; A first dielectric layer is disposed between the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer; The second dielectric layer is disposed between the low-frequency radiation layer and the electromagnetic bandgap layer; A third dielectric layer is disposed between the electromagnetic bandgap layer and the ground layer.

2. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two zero-phase points of the electromagnetic bandgap layer are located in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively.

3. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of high-frequency radiation units are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each high-frequency radiation unit has a polarization direction at +45° to a second direction and another polarization direction at -45° to the second direction; wherein, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The plurality of low-frequency radiating units are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each low-frequency radiating unit has a polarization direction at +45° to the second direction and another polarization direction at -45° to the second direction; The electromagnetic bandgap layer includes a plurality of electromagnetic bandgap units arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. The row direction of the two-dimensional matrix has an angle of +45° with the second direction, and the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix has an angle of -45° with the second direction.

4. The array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-frequency radiation unit includes: A first central portion, wherein the first central portion is a square, and one diagonal of the first central portion extends along the first direction; and Four first protruding portions, which extend vertically from the four sides of the first central portion, and the width of the first protruding portion is equal to the length of the side of the first central portion. The low-frequency radiation unit includes: The second central portion is square, and its two sides extend along the first direction; and Four second protruding portions, which extend outward from the four corners of the second central portion along the diagonal direction of the second central portion; The electromagnetic bandgap unit includes: Four first metal patterns, each first metal pattern being a square, with each first metal pattern spaced apart from the four vertices of a virtual square, and the two sides of the second metal pattern overlapping the two sides of the virtual square. The second metal pattern is a cross shape disposed between and separated from the four first metal patterns. The cross shape includes a first rectangle and a second rectangle that intersect perpendicularly and are of the same size. The first rectangle extends between the midpoints of two opposite sides of the virtual square, and the second rectangle extends between the midpoints of the other two opposite sides of the virtual square.

5. The array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first metal pattern is electrically connected to the formation through a metallized via penetrating the third dielectric layer, and the second metal pattern is electrically connected to the formation through a metallized via penetrating the third dielectric layer.

6. The array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, When viewed downwards from the high-frequency radiation layer, each high-frequency radiation unit falls completely within its corresponding low-frequency radiation unit, and the geometric center of each high-frequency radiation unit coincides with the geometric center of its corresponding low-frequency radiation unit.

7. The array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent high-frequency radiation units is 0.53λ1, and the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent low-frequency radiation units is 0.36λ2, where λ1 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum when the high-frequency radiation unit operates at its center frequency, and λ2 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum when the low-frequency radiation unit operates at its center frequency, and 0.53λ1 = 0.36λ2.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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