A method for determining an alarm location based on autonomous learning

Abstract

The application provides a method for determining an alarm position based on autonomous learning, which is applied to an OTDR module in optical cable monitoring, and comprises the following steps: based on the OTDR module, an optical fiber line event characteristic information database is established through an autonomous learning algorithm; the OTDR module is configured with a standard curve; the standard curve represents an initial state of a to-be-tested line and contains test parameters for OTDR testing of the to-be-tested line and threshold values of optical cable line alarms; when a fault occurs in the to-be-tested line, an alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event characteristic information database. The application can avoid the problem of inaccurate positioning of an optical fiber line fault point caused by the uncertainty of event identification of the OTDR module without increasing the time consumed for detecting the optical fiber line fault point, and can improve the accuracy of optical fiber line fault positioning.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical cable monitoring, in particular to a method for determining alarm position based on self-learning. BACKGROUND

[0002] When laser is transmitted in optical fiber, Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection occur, and OTDR technology obtains optical fiber line attenuation and link status by detecting Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection. In an optical cable monitoring system, OTDR technology is used to monitor the optical cable line. Generally, the initial state of the line is obtained by OTDR test at the beginning of the opening of the optical fiber line, and is configured as a standard curve in the device. Then, the line is tested cyclically with the same parameters, and the test results are compared with the standard curve. When the optical cable line fails, the fault position can be detected timely and accurately.

[0003] In order to find the fault position of the optical fiber line in time, the OTDR module used for optical cable monitoring generally only uses one pulse width for testing. In a complex line, the optical fiber fusion splices or connectors are relatively close to each other, and the performance on the OTDR curve is that the loss points are relatively dense. If only one pulse width is used for testing, event omission and false reporting may occur, and the insertion loss calculation is not accurate. Specifically, in multiple cyclic tests, the OTDR algorithm has uncertainty in identifying some events. In particular, if the event point is omitted or the insertion loss calculation is not accurate, the standard curve representing the initial state of the optical cable line is directly compared with the event information obtained by the current test, which will lead to incorrect analysis results when the optical cable fails. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for determining alarm position based on self-learning, which can avoid the problem of inaccurate positioning of the fault point of the optical fiber line caused by the uncertainty of the event identification of the OTDR module without increasing the time spent in detecting the fault point of the optical fiber line, and can improve the accuracy of the fault positioning of the optical fiber line.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions.

[0006] A method for determining alarm position based on self-learning is applied to an OTDR module in optical cable monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Based on the OTDR module, an event feature information database of the optical fiber line is established by a self-learning algorithm; the OTDR module is configured with a standard curve; the standard curve represents the initial state of the to-be-tested line and contains test parameters for OTDR testing of the to-be-tested line and a threshold value of the optical cable line alarm;

[0008] When the to-be-tested line fails, an alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event feature information database.

[0009] Preferably, the OTDR module-based line event feature information database is established by an autonomous learning algorithm, and includes the following steps:

[0010] The OTDR module is used to perform OTDR testing on the optical fiber line, and the testing result is stored in the OTDR module as the standard curve;

[0011] According to the range of the standard curve, a group of test pulse widths is selected; the number of the group of test pulse widths is M, and each test pulse width is tested N times;

[0012] A cache area is established for the insertion loss of each event, with the event position as the unique identifier, and the cache unit size is BUF_SIZE = M x N;

[0013] The maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value of the insertion loss in the cache area are counted;

[0014] An insertion loss invalid value identifier, an event disappearance identifier, and a cache area storage index are defined;

[0015] The OTDR module is used to obtain the feature information of the entire line through automatic learning; the automatic learning process is as follows: the OTDR module is used to perform multiple tests based on the test pulse widths, and the optical fiber line feature information is obtained from the testing results, and the cache area is updated according to the optical fiber line feature information to obtain the optical fiber line event feature information database; the total number of tests is BUF_SIZE times until the entire test cache area is filled;

[0016] During the learning process, each event in each test result is processed according to the following steps:

[0017] The insertion loss of the current event obtained by the current test is used to update the insertion loss in the cache area; if the current event insertion loss is invalid or cannot be calculated, the insertion loss invalid value identifier is written in the position of the cache area storage index; if the current event insertion loss is valid, the event insertion loss value is filled in the position of the cache area storage index, and index = index + 1;

[0018] The statistics of the valid insertion loss in the cache area, including the maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value, are updated;

[0019] The cache area is checked, and events that do not exist in the current test result but exist in the database are processed according to the following steps: the event disappearance identifier event_fade_flag is filled in the position of the cache area storage index, and index = index + 1;

[0020] If index >= BUF_SIZE, the stage ends and all event information feature information is stored in the OTDR module.

[0021] Preferably, when the to-be-tested line is faulty, the alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event feature information database, comprising:

[0022] OTDR testing is performed on the to-be-tested line using the OTDR module, and the test result is stored as a standard curve in the OTDR module.

[0023] Based on the OTDR module, the to-be-tested line is cyclically OTDR tested using parameters of the standard curve.

[0024] When the loss of the to-be-tested line exceeds an alarm threshold, all events in the current OTDR test are processed according to the following steps to determine the optical fiber line fault position:

[0025] According to the current event position, the event feature information is retrieved from the optical fiber line event feature information database.

[0026] If the event feature information does not exist, it is determined that the event is a new event, and if the insertion loss of the new event exceeds the alarm threshold, the event position is the optical fiber line fault, otherwise, jump to the step of "retrieving the event feature information from the optical fiber line event feature information database according to the current event position", and continue to judge the next event.

[0027] If the event feature information exists, the difference between the event insertion loss obtained by the current test and the average value of the insertion loss in the optical fiber line event feature information database is calculated, and if the value is greater than the alarm threshold, the event point is the optical fiber fault position; otherwise, jump to the step of "judging the next event according to the current event position".

[0028] All alarm events are traversed, and the alarm event with the highest alarm level is defined as the optical fiber line fault point.

[0029] Preferably, the standard curve contains test parameters, curve point information, event point information, chain length, chain loss and alarm threshold.

[0030] Preferably, the test parameters include range, wavelength, pulse width, refractive index, non-reflection threshold, end threshold and test duration.

[0031] Preferably, the test number of the test pulse width is 16 or 32.

[0032] Preferably, the value of the pulse width is 5-200000.

[0033] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0034] The present application provides a method for determining alarm position based on autonomous learning, applied to an OTDR module in optical cable monitoring, comprising: based on the OTDR module, establishing an optical fiber line event feature information database through an autonomous learning algorithm; the OTDR module is configured with a standard curve; the standard curve represents the initial state of the to-be-tested line and contains test parameters for OTDR testing of the to-be-tested line and threshold values of optical cable line alarms; when a fault occurs in the to-be-tested line, the alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event feature information database. The present application can avoid the problem of inaccurate positioning of the optical fiber line fault point caused by the uncertainty of event recognition of the OTDR module without increasing the time spent in detecting the optical fiber line fault point, and can improve the accuracy of optical fiber line fault positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 The method flowchart provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 The database construction step flowchart provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 The alarm position determination step schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily mean that the same embodiment is referred to, nor does it mean that other embodiments are mutually exclusive or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Moreover, the terms "include", "have", and the like are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprise" so that any steps, processes, methods, and the like that can be included in the present application are not necessarily limited to the steps, processes, methods, and the like that are listed in the claims.

[0042] The object of the present application is to provide a method for determining the alarm position based on autonomous learning, which can improve the accuracy of fiber line fault positioning.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, further detailed description of the present application will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Figure 1 The method flowchart provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a method for determining the alarm position based on autonomous learning, which is applied to the OTDR module in the optical cable monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0045] Step 100: Based on the OTDR module, the fiber line event characteristic information database is established by the autonomous learning algorithm; the OTDR module is configured with a standard curve; the standard curve represents the initial state of the to-be-tested line and contains the test parameters for OTDR testing of the to-be-tested line and the threshold value of the optical cable line alarm;

[0046] Step 200: When the fault occurs in the to-be-tested line, the alarm position is determined according to the fiber line event characteristic information database.

[0047] Specifically, the method in the embodiment includes two stages: one is that the OTDR module establishes the optical fiber line event characteristic information database through learning; and the other is that the optical fiber line event information database is used to determine the alarm position when the optical fiber line fails. After the OTDR module is configured with the standard curve, a set of test pulse widths (other test parameters use the test parameters of the standard curve) is selected according to the range of the standard curve to perform testing, and the first stage (learning mode) is entered. The line characteristic information is extracted according to the test result, and the optical fiber line characteristic information database is established. After the first stage is completed, the OTDR module uses the test parameters (including the pulse width) of the standard curve to perform cyclic testing. When the optical fiber line loss exceeds the alarm threshold, the alarm position and level are confirmed through the second stage process. The first stage is automatically performed immediately after the standard curve is configured, and the time consumption is determined by the selected pulse width set, the number of single pulse width tests, and the test time. Generally, the time consumption can be completed in tens of minutes to several hours. Relative to the life cycle of the optical cable monitoring for several years, the time consumption of the first stage can be ignored.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 The optical fiber line event characteristic information database is established, and includes the following steps:

[0049] 1) The OTDR module is used to perform OTDR testing on the optical fiber line, and the test result is stored in the OTDR module as a standard curve (representing the initial state of the line, including the line loss alarm threshold);

[0050] 2) The number of learning times is determined, and the buffer area is allocated. According to the range of the standard curve, a set of test pulse widths is selected, and the number of pulse widths in the set is M. Each pulse width is tested N times. The total number of tests is MxN. The insertion loss (characteristic information) of each event is established with the event position as the unique identifier, and the buffer unit size is BUF_SIZE=MxN. The maximum value, the minimum value, and the average value of the insertion loss in the buffer area are counted. The insertion loss invalid value identifier insl_invalid_flag, the event fade identifier event_fade_flag, and the buffer area storage index index are defined.

[0051] 3) The OTDR module obtains the entire line characteristic information through automatic learning. The learning process is as follows: the OTDR module uses the pulse widths in the pulse width set (other test parameters use the test parameters of the standard curve) to perform multiple tests. The optical fiber line characteristic information is obtained from the test result, and the buffer area (characteristic information database) is updated. The total number of tests is BUF_SIZE times until the entire test buffer area is filled.

[0052] 4) During the learning process, each event in each test result is processed according to the following steps:

[0053] a) Update the insertion loss in the buffer with the insertion loss of the current event. If the current event insertion loss is invalid or cannot be calculated, write insl_invalid_flag in the buffer index position; if the current event insertion loss is valid, fill in the event insertion loss value in the index position; index = index + 1.

[0054] b) Update the statistics of valid insertion loss in the buffer: maximum value, minimum value, average value (remove the maximum value and minimum value when calculating the average value);

[0055] 5) Check the buffer, and process the event that does not exist in the current test result but exists in the data library according to the following steps: fill in the event fade flag in the buffer index position: event_fade_flag, index = index + 1.

[0056] 6) If index >= BUF_SIZE, the stage is ended, and all event information feature information is stored in the OTDR module.

[0057] Referring to Figure 2 , the fiber line fault position is confirmed using the fiber line event feature information database, including the following steps:

[0058] 1) The OTDR module is used to perform OTDR test on the fiber line, and the test result is stored in the OTDR module as a standard curve (representing the initial state of the line, containing the line loss alarm threshold);

[0059] 2) The OTDR module uses the standard curve parameters to perform cyclic OTDR test on the optical cable line.

[0060] 3) The fiber line loss exceeds the alarm threshold, and all events in the current OTDR test are processed according to the following steps to determine the fiber line fault position:

[0061] a) According to the current event position, the event feature information is searched from the event feature information database (buffer);

[0062] b) The event feature information does not exist, it is judged that the event belongs to a new event, and the insertion loss thereof exceeds the alarm threshold, then the event position is the fiber line fault, otherwise, jump to a) to continue to judge the next event.

[0063] c) The event feature information exists, the difference between the insertion loss of the current test event and the average value of the insertion loss in the database is calculated, and the value is greater than the alarm threshold, then the event point is the fiber fault position. Otherwise, jump to a) to judge the next event;

[0064] d) traversing all the alarm events, defining the alarm event with the highest alarm level as the fiber line fault point.

[0065] The test parameters in this embodiment include range, wavelength, pulse width, refractive index, non-reflection threshold, end threshold and test duration. A set of pulse widths is selected according to the range, and the range-pulse width correspondence is as follows:

[0066] Table 1 Range-pulse width correspondence

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Further, the number of times of each pulse width test N is generally selected as 16 or 32, but is not limited to 16 or 32. The pulse width is selected from Table 1 according to the standard curve range, but is not limited to only using the pulse width in Table 1.

[0070] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0071] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in this specification. The above embodiment description is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for the person skilled in the art, the specific implementation manner and application range of the present application can be changed according to the idea of the present application. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining alarm location based on autonomous learning, characterized in that, The application relates to an OTDR module applied to optical cable monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: An optical fiber line event characteristic information database is established by using an OTDR module and an autonomous learning algorithm; the OTDR module is configured with a standard curve; the standard curve represents an initial state of a line to be tested and comprises test parameters for OTDR testing of the line to be tested and threshold values of optical cable line alarms; When a fault occurs in the line to be tested, an alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event characteristic information database; The OTDR module is used to establish the optical fiber line event characteristic information database by using the autonomous learning algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps: The OTDR module is used to perform OTDR testing on an optical fiber line, and test results are stored in the OTDR module as the standard curve; A group of test pulse widths are selected according to a range of the standard curve; the number of the test pulse widths is M, and each test pulse width is tested N times; A cache area is established for the insertion loss of each event, and the size of a cache unit is BUF_SIZE=M*N; The maximum value, the minimum value and the average value of the insertion loss in the cache area are counted; An insertion loss invalid value flag, an event disappearance flag and a cache area storage index are defined; The OTDR module is used to obtain characteristic information of the whole line by using the autonomous learning; the process of the autonomous learning is as follows: the OTDR module is used to perform multiple tests by using the test pulse widths, and optical fiber line characteristic information is obtained from the test results; the cache area is updated according to the optical fiber line characteristic information, and the optical fiber line event characteristic information database is obtained; the total number of tests is BUF_SIZE, and the whole test cache area is filled; In the learning process, each event in each test result is processed according to the following steps: The insertion loss of the current test event is used to update the insertion loss in the cache area; if the current event insertion loss is invalid or cannot be calculated, the insertion loss invalid value flag is written in the position of the cache area storage index; if the current event insertion loss is valid, the event insertion loss value is filled in the position of the cache area storage index, and index=index+1; The maximum value, the minimum value and the average value of the valid insertion loss in the cache area are updated; The cache area is checked, and events that do not exist in the current test result but exist in the database are processed according to the following steps: the event disappearance flag event_fade_flag is filled in the position of the cache area storage index, and index=index+1; If index>=BUF_SIZE, the test is ended, and all event characteristic information is stored in the OTDR module. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein, When a fault occurs in the line to be tested, an alarm position is determined according to the optical fiber line event characteristic information database, and the method comprises the following steps: The OTDR module is used to perform OTDR testing on the line to be tested, and test results are stored in the OTDR module as the standard curve; The OTDR module is used to perform cyclic OTDR testing on the line to be tested by using parameters of the standard curve. When the to-be-tested line loss exceeds the alarm threshold, all events in the present OTDR test are processed according to the following steps to determine the optical fiber line fault position: According to the current event position, the event characteristic information is retrieved from the optical fiber line event characteristic information database; If the event characteristic information does not exist, it is determined that the event is a new event, the insertion loss of the new event exceeds the alarm threshold, the event position is the optical fiber line fault, otherwise, the step of "retrieving the event characteristic information from the optical fiber line event characteristic information database according to the current event position" is jumped to and the next event is judged; If the event characteristic information exists, the difference between the event insertion loss obtained in the present test and the average value of the insertion loss in the optical fiber line event characteristic information database is calculated, and if the value is greater than the alarm threshold, the event position is the optical fiber fault position; otherwise, the step of "judging the next event according to the current event position" is jumped to. All alarm events are traversed, and the alarm event with the highest alarm level is defined as the optical fiber line fault point. 3.The method of claim 1, wherein, The standard curve contains test parameters, curve point information, event point information, chain length, chain loss and alarm threshold. 4.The method of claim 1, wherein, The test parameters include range, wavelength, pulse width, refractive index, non-reflection threshold, end threshold and test duration.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The test number of the pulse width is 16 or 32.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The value of the pulse width is 5-200000 ns.

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