High-quality steel material electroslag composite forming device and process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electroslag, in particular to a high-quality steel material electroslag composite forming device and process, which comprises a chassis, an electroslag structure is arranged at the top end of the chassis, a protection structure is arranged at the side end of the electroslag structure, a sliding structure is arranged at the top end of the electroslag structure, a fixing structure is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding structure, a lifting structure is arranged at the top end of the electroslag structure, and a replacement structure is arranged at the side end of the electroslag structure. Through the electroslag structure, the electrode can be treated to form a high-quality steel ingot. Through the protection structure, the electroslag structure can be protected when the electroslag structure is not needed. Through the sliding structure, the electrode can be conveniently replaced. Through the fixing structure, the electrode can be conveniently disassembled and installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting thin film storage technology, specifically to a high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device and process. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag refining is a secondary refining technology that combines secondary refining of molten steel with directional solidification in a comprehensive metallurgical casting process. Its principle is that an electric current passes through the slag insulator in a liquid slag pool, melting the metal electrodes. The molten metal gathers into droplets, which fall through the slag layer into the molten metal pool, where they then crystallize and solidify into steel ingots in a water-cooled crystallizer.

[0003] However, after the metal electrode is melted, the electroslag remelting process needs to be stopped and the metal electrode replaced before work can continue. This affects the efficiency of the electroslag remelting process. Furthermore, the existing lifting structure does not have a locking device. Therefore, if the lifting structure malfunctions, the metal electrode may fall into the crystallizer, causing the liquid material inside the crystallizer to splash out, which could lead to an accident. Moreover, if the crystallizer is not shielded after use, foreign objects entering the crystallizer can affect the quality of the steel ingot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides a high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device and process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a high-quality steel electroslag composite forming device, including a base frame, an electroslag structure installed at the top of the base frame, a protective structure installed at the side of the electroslag structure, a sliding structure installed at the top of the electroslag structure, a fixing structure installed at the bottom of the sliding structure, a lifting structure installed at the top of the electroslag structure, and a replacement structure installed at the side of the electroslag structure;

[0006] The electroslag structure includes a fixed column, a fixed column is fixedly connected to the top of the base frame, a support column is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed column, a slide block is slidably connected to the top of the support column, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to both ends of the slide block, a dummy electrode is detachably connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod, a consumable electrode is installed at the bottom end of the dummy electrode, a bottom water tank is fixedly connected to the side end of the base frame, and a crystallizer is installed at the top of the bottom water tank.

[0007] Specifically, the protective structure includes a connecting plate, which is rotatably connected to the side of the base frame. A protective plate is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate. The protective plate abuts against the crystallizer. A slider is slidably connected inside the base frame. A rotating seat is fixedly connected to the top of the slider. The rotating seat is rotatably connected to the connecting plate.

[0008] Specifically, the sliding structure includes a fixed frame, a fixed frame slidably connected to the side end of the rotating rod, a fixed wheel rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame, the fixed wheel and the rotating rod being slidably connected, a pulley rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame, the pulley and the rotating rod being slidably connected, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed frame, a fixed seat fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod, a rotating ring rotatably connected inside the fixed seat, a limit ring fixedly connected to the side end of the rotating ring, and the limit ring and the fixed seat being rotatably connected.

[0009] Specifically, the fixing structure includes a mounting base, a mounting base slidably connected inside the rotating ring, a first fixing ring fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting base, a locking rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring, the locking rod abutting against the first fixing ring, and a second fixing ring fixedly connected to the top end of the dummy electrode, the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring engaging.

[0010] Specifically, the top of the mounting base is rotatably connected to a mounting rod, the top of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to a mounting column, the rotating ring is provided with a sliding groove, and the mounting column and the sliding groove are slidably connected.

[0011] Specifically, the lifting structure includes a screw, the screw is rotatably connected inside the support column, a threaded block is fixedly connected inside the slide block, the threaded block is slidably connected to the support column, and the threaded block is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0012] Specifically, a plug rod is slidably connected inside the slide block, a slot is provided on the side end of the support column, the plug rod and the slot are inserted into each other, an electric telescopic rod is installed on the side end of the slide block, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the plug rod.

[0013] Specifically, the replacement structure includes a positioning post, a positioning post fixedly connected to the top of the fixed post, the positioning post and the support post being rotatably connected, a rotating rod rotatably connected inside the positioning post, the rotating rod being fixedly connected to the support post, a positioning ring fixedly connected to the side end of the positioning post, the positioning ring and the support post being rotatably connected, and a ball bearing rotatably connected between the positioning ring and the support post.

[0014] Specifically, a limiting rod is slidably connected to the side end of the support column, and a limiting groove is provided at the top of the fixed column. The limiting rod and the limiting groove are inserted into each other.

[0015] A process for a high-quality steel electroslag composite forming device includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Firstly, through the electroslag structure, the electrodes can be processed to form high-quality steel ingots. Through the protective structure, the electroslag structure can be protected when it is not needed.

[0017] S2: The sliding structure facilitates electrode replacement, while the fixed structure facilitates electrode disassembly and installation.

[0018] S3: The lifting structure allows for adjustment of the electrode height and also prevents the electrode from falling due to damage to the motor inside the lifting structure.

[0019] S4: By replacing the structure, the two electrodes can be switched back and forth, saving installation time and improving electroslag efficiency.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] (1) The high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device and process described in this invention can process the electrodes through the electroslag structure to form high-quality steel ingots. Through the protective structure, the electroslag structure can be protected when it is not needed. That is, the slag pool is fully overheated, the self-consuming electrode tip is immersed in the overheated slag pool to absorb heat and melt, forming molten droplets. The molten droplets fall through the slag pool and drip into the molten metal pool. Due to the forced cooling effect of the water-cooled crystallizer, the ingot is quickly solidified into an ingot. When electroslag treatment is not needed, the slide block is slid upward. Since the protective plate is rotatably connected to the rotating seat fixed at the top of the slide block through the connecting plate, the top of the crystallizer can be protected by rotating the protective plate to prevent foreign objects from entering the crystallizer and affecting the subsequent electroslag quality.

[0022] (2) The high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device and process described in this invention facilitates electrode replacement through a sliding structure and facilitates electrode disassembly and installation through a fixed structure. Specifically, starting the motor at the side of the slide block drives the rotating rod downwards. The fixed frame, by its own weight, slides to the side on the rotating rod via fixed wheels and pulleys. Since the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the fixed seat through a limiting ring, the consumable electrode rotates automatically, allowing the device to rotate along with the consumable electrode. When the fixed frame slides to the side of the rotating rod, the inclined side of the slide groove drives the mounting column. The downward tilting and sliding mechanism causes the mounting rod to slide downwards, which in turn causes the mounting column and the first fixing ring to slide downwards. Once the first fixing ring and the locking rod separate, the second fixing ring, which is fixed to the dummy electrode, can be installed inside the first fixing ring. Then, the motor is started to tilt the side of the rotating rod upwards, causing the mounting column to slide upwards and the mounting base to slide upwards. Thus, the second fixing ring can be limited and fixed by the first fixing ring and the locking rod, making it easy to replace the consumable electrode. Moreover, the mounting bracket can automatically slide towards the top of the crystallizer, and by adjusting the height of the slide block, the consumable electrode can be inserted deep into the crystallizer for use.

[0023] (3) The high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device and process described in this invention can adjust the height of the electrode through the lifting structure, and can also prevent the electrode from falling due to damage to the motor in the lifting structure. Through the replacement structure, the two electrodes can be replaced back and forth, saving installation time and improving electroslag efficiency. That is, starting the motor installed at the top of the support column can drive the screw to slide in the support column, thus driving the slide to slide down. When it slides to the fixed position, starting the electric telescopic rod installed on the side of the slide can drive the insertion rod and the slot to be inserted, thereby preventing the slide from falling down uncontrollably at the side of the support column. Sliding the limit rod upward until it is separated from the limit groove, and then starting the motor installed inside the fixed column can drive the rotating rod to rotate in the positioning column, thereby driving the support column to rotate at the top of the fixed column, thereby changing the position of the dummy electrodes at both ends, so that the electroslag efficiency will not be affected when replacing the consumable electrode. The positioning ring and ball can facilitate the rotation of the support column at the top of the fixed column. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the electroslag composite forming device for high-quality steel provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is an enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is an enlarged view of the structure of section B.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of section C.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating rod and the fixing frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating rod and the slide groove of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support column and the slide block of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning post and the rotating rod of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Base frame; 2. Electroslag structure; 201. Fixed column; 202. Support column; 203. Sliding seat; 204. Rotating rod; 205. Dummy electrode; 206. Consumable electrode; 207. Bottom water tank; 208. Crystallizer; 3. Protective structure; 301. Connecting plate; 302. Protective plate; 303. Sliding block; 304. Rotating seat; 4. Sliding structure; 401. Fixed frame; 402. Fixed wheel; 403. Pulley; 404. Connecting rod; 405. Fixed seat; 406. Rotating ring; 407. Limiting ring; 5. Fixing structure; 501. Mounting base; 502. First fixing ring; 503. Locking rod; 504. Second fixing ring; 505. Mounting rod; 506. Mounting column; 507. Slide groove; 6. Lifting structure; 601. Screw; 602. Threaded block; 603. Insert rod; 604. Slot; 605. Electric telescopic rod; 7. Replacement structure; 701. Positioning column; 702. Rotating rod; 703. Positioning ring; 704. Ball bearing; 705. Limiting rod; 706. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the high-quality steel electroslag composite molding device of the present invention includes a base frame 1, an electroslag structure 2 installed at the top of the base frame 1, a protective structure 3 installed at the side of the electroslag structure 2, a sliding structure 4 installed at the top of the electroslag structure 2, a fixing structure 5 installed at the bottom of the sliding structure 4, a lifting structure 6 installed at the top of the electroslag structure 2, and a replacement structure 7 installed at the side of the electroslag structure 2.

[0036] The electroslag structure 2 includes a fixed column 201. The fixed column 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the base frame 1. The top of the fixed column 201 is rotatably connected to a support column 202. The top of the support column 202 is slidably connected to a slide block 203. Both ends of the slide block 203 are rotatably connected to rotating rods 204. The bottom end of the rotating rod 204 is detachably connected to a dummy electrode 205. The bottom end of the dummy electrode 205 is equipped with a consumable electrode 206. The side end of the base frame 1 is fixedly connected to a bottom water tank 207. The top of the bottom water tank 207 is equipped with a crystallizer 208. By adjusting the height of the slide block 203, the consumable electrode 206 can be inserted into the crystallizer 208 for use. The slag pool is fully superheated. The end of the consumable electrode 206 is immersed in the superheated slag pool to absorb heat and melt, forming a molten droplet. The molten droplet falls through the slag pool and drips into the molten metal pool. Due to the forced cooling effect of the water-cooled crystallizer 208, the ingot quickly solidifies into an ingot.

[0037] Specifically, the protective structure 3 includes a connecting plate 301, which is rotatably connected to the side of the base frame 1. A protective plate 302 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 301. The protective plate 302 abuts against the crystallizer 208. A slider 303 is slidably connected inside the base frame 1. A rotating seat 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 303. The rotating seat 304 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 301. When electroslag treatment is not required, the slider 203 is slid upward. Since the protective plate 302 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 304 fixed to the top of the slider 303 through the connecting plate 301, rotating the protective plate 302 can protect the top of the crystallizer 208, preventing foreign objects from entering the crystallizer 208 and affecting the subsequent electroslag quality.

[0038] Specifically, the sliding structure 4 includes a fixed frame 401, which is slidably connected to the side end of the rotating rod 204. A fixed wheel 402 is rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame 401, and the fixed wheel 402 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 204. A pulley 403 is rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame 401, and the pulley 403 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 204. A connecting rod 404 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed frame 401, and a fixed seat 405 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 404. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the fixed seat 405. 406, a limiting ring 407 is fixedly connected to the side end of the rotating ring 406. The limiting ring 407 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 405. The motor on the side end of the slide 203 is started, which can drive the rotating rod 204 to rotate downward. By the weight of the fixed frame 401 itself, the fixed frame 401 can slide to the side end on the rotating rod 204 through the fixed wheel 402 and the pulley 403. Since the rotating ring 406 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 405 through the limiting ring 407, the consumable electrode 206 rotates automatically and can rotate with the consumable electrode 206.

[0039] Specifically, the fixing structure 5 includes a mounting base 501, which is slidably connected within the rotating ring 406. A first fixing ring 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting base 501, and a locking rod 503 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring 406. The locking rod 503 abuts against the first fixing ring 502. A second fixing ring 504 is fixedly connected to the top end of the dummy electrode 205, and the first fixing ring 502 and the second fixing ring 504 engage. An mounting rod 505 is rotatably connected to the top end of the mounting base 501, and a mounting post 506 is fixedly connected to the top end of the mounting rod 505. A sliding groove 507 is provided within the rotating ring 406, and the mounting post 506 and the sliding groove 507 are slidably connected. When the fixing frame 401 slides to the side end of the rotating rod 204, due to the sliding... The side of the groove 507 is inclined, which allows the mounting post 506 to slide downwards, thereby causing the mounting rod 505 to slide downwards. This, in turn, causes the mounting base 501 and the first fixing ring 502 to slide downwards. After the first fixing ring 502 and the locking rod 503 separate, the second fixing ring 504, which is fixed on the dummy electrode 205, can be installed inside the first fixing ring 502. Then, the motor is started to drive the side of the rotating rod 204 to tilt upwards. The upward sliding of the mounting post 506 causes the mounting base 501 to slide upwards. Thus, the first fixing ring 502 and the locking rod 503 abut against each other, which limits and fixes the second fixing ring 504. This facilitates the replacement of the consumable electrode 206. Moreover, the fixing frame 401 can automatically slide towards the top of the crystallizer 208.

[0040] Specifically, the lifting structure 6 includes a screw 601, which is rotatably connected inside the support column 202. A threaded block 602 is fixedly connected inside the slide block 203. The threaded block 602 is slidably connected to the support column 202 and threadedly connected to the screw 601. A plug rod 603 is slidably connected inside the slide block 203. A slot 604 is provided on the side end of the support column 202, and the plug rod 603 is inserted into the slot 604. An electric telescopic rod 605 is installed on the side end of the slide block 203. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 605 is fixedly connected to the insertion rod 603. When the motor installed at the top of the support column 202 is started, the screw 601 can be driven to rotate inside the support column 202. The screw 601 is threadedly connected to the threaded block 602, so the slide 203 can be driven to slide downward. When it slides to a fixed position, the electric telescopic rod 605 installed on the side of the slide 203 is started, which can drive the insertion rod 603 to be inserted into the slot 604, thereby preventing the slide 203 from falling uncontrollably downward from the side of the support column 202.

[0041] Specifically, the replacement structure 7 includes a positioning post 701, with the top of the fixed post 201 fixedly connected to the positioning post 701. The positioning post 701 and the support post 202 are rotatably connected. A rotating rod 702 is rotatably connected inside the positioning post 701 and is fixedly connected to the support post 202. A positioning ring 703 is fixedly connected to the side end of the positioning post 701 and is rotatably connected to the support post 202. A ball bearing 704 is rotatably connected between the positioning ring 703 and the support post 202. A limit rod 705 is slidably connected to the side end of the support post 202. The fixed post... The top of the fixed column 201 is provided with a limiting groove 706. The limiting rod 705 is inserted into the limiting groove 706. The limiting rod 705 is slid up until it is separated from the limiting groove 706. Then, the motor installed inside the fixed column 201 is started, which can drive the rotating rod 702 to rotate inside the positioning column 701. This can drive the support column 202 to rotate at the top of the fixed column 201, so that the positions of the dummy electrodes 205 at both ends can be replaced. This ensures that the electroslag efficiency is not affected when replacing the consumable electrode 206. The positioning ring 703 and the ball bearing 704 facilitate the rotation of the support column 202 at the top of the fixed column 201.

[0042] A process for a high-quality steel electroslag composite forming device includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: Firstly, the electrode can be processed through the electroslag structure 2 to form a high-quality steel ingot. The protective structure 3 can protect the electroslag structure 2 when it is not needed.

[0044] S2: Then the sliding structure 4 facilitates the replacement of the electrode, and the fixing structure 5 facilitates the disassembly and installation of the electrode.

[0045] S3: The height of the electrode can be adjusted by the lifting structure 6, and the electrode can also be prevented from falling due to damage to the motor inside the lifting structure 6.

[0046] S4: By replacing structure 7, the two electrodes can be switched back and forth, saving installation time and improving electroslag efficiency.

[0047] In use, when electroslag treatment is required, the motor installed at the top of the support column 202 is activated, which drives the screw 601 to rotate inside the support column 202. The screw 601 is threadedly connected to the threaded block 602, thus driving the slide 203 to slide downwards. When it slides to a fixed position, the electric telescopic rod 605 installed on the side of the slide 203 is activated, which drives the insertion rod 603 to engage with the slot 604, thereby preventing the slide 203 from falling uncontrollably downwards from the side of the support column 202. Then, the motor on the side of the slide 203 is activated, which drives the rotating rod 204 to rotate downwards. Through the weight of the fixing frame 401 itself, the fixing frame 401 is able to rotate upwards on the rotating rod 204 via the fixing wheel 402 and the pulley 403. Side-end sliding: Since the rotating ring 406 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 405 via the limiting ring 407, the self-consumable electrode 206 rotates automatically. The self-consumable electrode 206 can rotate along with the self-consumable electrode 206. When the fixed frame 401 slides to the side end of the rotating rod 204, because the side end of the slide groove 507 is inclined, it can drive the mounting post 506 to slide downwards, thereby driving the mounting rod 505 to slide downwards. This, in turn, drives the mounting seat 501 and the first fixed ring 502 to slide downwards. After the first fixed ring 502 and the locking rod 503 separate, the second fixed ring 504, fixed to the dummy electrode 205, can be installed inside the first fixed ring 502. Then, the motor is started to drive the side end of the rotating rod 204 to tilt upwards, and the mounting post 506 slides upwards. The kinetic energy drives the mounting base 501 to slide upwards, thereby abutting against the first fixing ring 502 and the locking rod 503, which can limit and fix the second fixing ring 504, thus facilitating the replacement of the consumable electrode 206. Furthermore, the fixing frame 401 can automatically slide towards the top of the crystallizer 208. By adjusting the height of the sliding block 203, the consumable electrode 206 can be inserted deep into the crystallizer 208 for use. The slag pool is fully superheated, and the end of the consumable electrode 206 is immersed in the superheated slag pool to absorb heat and melt, forming molten droplets. These droplets fall through the slag pool and drip into the molten metal pool. Due to the forced cooling effect of the water-cooled crystallizer 208, the ingot quickly solidifies into an ingot. The limiting rod 705 slides upwards until it separates from the limiting groove 706, and then the mechanism installed inside the fixing column 201 is activated. The motor drives the rotating rod 702 to rotate within the positioning column 701, thereby driving the support column 202 to rotate at the top of the fixed column 201. This allows for the replacement of the positions of the dummy electrodes 205 at both ends, ensuring that the electroslag efficiency is not affected when replacing the consumable electrode 206. The positioning ring 703 and the ball bearing 704 facilitate the rotation of the support column 202 at the top of the fixed column 201. When electroslag treatment is not required, the slide block 203 slides upward. Since the protective plate 302 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 304 fixed at the top of the slider 303 via the connecting plate 301, rotating the protective plate 302 can protect the top of the crystallizer 208, preventing foreign objects from entering the crystallizer 208 and affecting the subsequent electroslag quality.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A steel electroslag composite forming device, characterized in that, Includes a base frame (1), an electroslag structure (2) installed at the top of the base frame (1), a protective structure (3) installed at the side of the electroslag structure (2), a sliding structure (4) installed at the top of the electroslag structure (2), a fixing structure (5) installed at the bottom of the sliding structure (4), a lifting structure (6) installed at the top of the electroslag structure (2), and a replacement structure (7) installed at the side of the electroslag structure (2). The electroslag structure (2) includes a fixed column (201), the top of the base frame (1) is fixedly connected to the fixed column (201), the top of the fixed column (201) is rotatably connected to the support column (202), the top of the support column (202) is slidably connected to the slide seat (203), both ends of the slide seat (203) are rotatably connected to the rotating rod (204), the bottom end of the rotating rod (204) is detachably connected to the dummy electrode (205), the bottom end of the dummy electrode (205) is installed with the consumable electrode (206), the side end of the base frame (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom water tank (207), and the top of the bottom water tank (207) is installed with the crystallizer (208). The sliding structure (4) includes a fixed frame (401), the fixed frame (401) is slidably connected to the side end of the rotating rod (204), the fixed wheel (402) is rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame (401), the fixed wheel (402) and the rotating rod (204) are slidably connected, the pulley (403) is rotatably connected to the side end of the fixed frame (401), the pulley (403) and the rotating rod (204) are slidably connected, the connecting rod (404) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed frame (401), the fixed seat (405) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod (404), the rotating ring (406) is rotatably connected inside the fixed seat (405), the limiting ring (407) is fixedly connected to the side end of the rotating ring (406), and the limiting ring (407) and the fixed seat (405) are rotatably connected. The fixing structure (5) includes a mounting base (501), which is slidably connected inside the rotating ring (406). A first fixing ring (502) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting base (501), and a locking rod (503) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring (406). The locking rod (503) and the first fixing ring (502) abut against each other. A second fixing ring (504) is fixedly connected to the top end of the dummy electrode (205). The first fixing ring (502) and the second fixing ring (504) engage. The mounting base (501) is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting rod (505), and the top of the mounting rod (505) is fixedly connected to the mounting column (506). The rotating ring (406) is provided with a sliding groove (507), the side end of the sliding groove (507) is inclined, and the mounting column (506) and the sliding groove (507) are slidably connected.

2. The steel electroslag composite molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective structure (3) includes a connecting plate (301), the base frame (1) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (301), the connecting plate (302) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (301), the protective plate (302) abuts against the crystallizer (208), the base frame (1) is slidably connected to a slider (303), the top of the slider (303) is fixedly connected to a rotating seat (304), and the rotating seat (304) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (301).

3. The steel electroslag composite molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure (6) includes a screw (601), the screw (601) is rotatably connected inside the support column (202), the threaded block (602) is fixedly connected inside the slide block (203), the threaded block (602) and the support column (202) are slidably connected, and the threaded block (602) and the screw (601) are threadedly connected.

4. The steel electroslag composite molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug rod (603) is slidably connected inside the slide (203). A slot (604) is provided on the side end of the support column (202). The plug rod (603) and the slot (604) are plugged in. An electric telescopic rod (605) is installed on the side end of the slide (203). The output end of the electric telescopic rod (605) is fixedly connected to the plug rod (603).

5. The steel electroslag composite molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement structure (7) includes a positioning post (701), the top of the fixed post (201) is fixedly connected to the positioning post (701), the positioning post (701) and the support post (202) are rotatably connected, a rotating rod (702) is rotatably connected inside the positioning post (701), the rotating rod (702) and the support post (202) are fixedly connected, a positioning ring (703) is fixedly connected to the side end of the positioning post (701), the positioning ring (703) and the support post (202) are rotatably connected, and a ball bearing (704) is rotatably connected between the positioning ring (703) and the support post (202).

6. The steel electroslag composite molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (202) is slidably connected to a limiting rod (705) on its side end, and the top of the fixed column (201) is provided with a limiting groove (706). The limiting rod (705) and the limiting groove (706) are inserted into each other.

7. A steel electroslag composite molding process, employing the steel electroslag composite molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, the electrode can be processed through the electroslag structure (2) to form a steel ingot. The protective structure (3) can protect the electroslag structure (2) when it is not necessary to use the electroslag structure (2). S2: Then the sliding structure (4) facilitates the replacement of the electrode, and the fixing structure (5) facilitates the disassembly and installation of the electrode; S3: The height of the electrode can be adjusted by the lifting structure (6), and the electrode can also be prevented from falling due to damage to the motor inside the lifting structure (6). S4: By replacing the structure (7), the two electrodes can be replaced back and forth, saving installation time and improving electroslag efficiency.

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