A glass tube automatic wire drawing sealing device and sealing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes, which comprises: a clamping mechanism for clamping both ends of a glass tube to be processed and driving the glass tube to rotate; an optical mechanism for generating laser light, transmitting the laser light and converging the laser light on the glass tube to be processed; an observation mechanism for adjusting the glass tube and observing the processing state of the glass tube; a shearing and clamping die for shearing molten glass and sealing and shaping the glass tube; a three-dimensional translation stage for driving the clamping mechanism to move to draw the glass tube and push the molten glass into the shearing and clamping die; the present solution adopts a laser hot melting and wire drawing sealing method, which effectively avoids the problems of uneven heating of the glass tube, poor sealing, low processing efficiency, poor reliability, poor quality of the finished product and easy limitation of the size of the processed glass tube during the sealing process; at the same time, the present solution has high processing efficiency, is easy to automate and intelligently integrate, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of glass tube sealing, and in particular to an automatic wire drawing sealing device for a glass tube and a sealing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tritium light sources utilize charged particles (beta particles) continuously released during the decay of the radioactive nuclide tritium to bombard fluorescent materials and generate light radiation, creating a self-excited light source for special environments. Tritium light sources require no external power supply, are maintenance-free, offer stable light intensity, and have a long lifespan. They are ideal for specialized applications such as narrow field of view illumination in dark environments, target marking, and isotope photovoltaic cells. They hold immense social value and broad market prospects.

[0003] In the research and application of tritium light sources, lifespan and luminous brightness are crucial issues, and they are also the key factors that restrict the practical application of self-luminous light sources. There are two main factors that affect their brightness and lifespan: the luminescent material and the sealing shell. High-borosilicate glass tubes are typically used as the sealing shell of tritium light sources. The sealing process and sealing quality directly affect the long-term stability and service life of tritium light sources. Therefore, selecting the appropriate glass tube sealing process is a key issue in determining the service life of tritium light sources.

[0004] Traditionally, flame is mainly used to seal glass tubes, such as simple equipment such as oxyhydrogen flame sealing machines or flame blowtorches. However, using flame as a heat source to process glass tubes is prone to defects such as pointed ends and flat ends, which poses a safety hazard to subsequent storage and use. In addition, the temperature is difficult to control during the flame sealing process, the hot melt area is large, and uneven heating will lead to poor sealing effect and even damage the fluorescent material inside. Secondly, flame sealing requires operators to master skilled processing skills and has high requirements for the working environment. Tritium, as an isotope of hydrogen, is processed by flame. Improper operation can easily cause the combustion of tritium gas, resulting in waste and even serious safety accidents during the processing.

[0005] With the rise of intelligent manufacturing and the development of laser technology, the use of laser processing to solve the problems of connecting, dividing, and sealing fragile materials such as glass has become popular; using a high-power laser beam as a heat source has the advantages of high energy density, non-contact processing, high temperature and position control accuracy, and a small heat-affected zone. Therefore, laser can be used instead of flame to achieve hot-melt sealing of tritium light source glass tubes; system designs that use lasers to seal tritium light source glass tubes have already appeared in the existing technology.

[0006] For example, the Chinese patent application number 2018216112528 designs a laser sealing system for tritium light source glass tubes. However, this system can only process small-diameter capillary glass tubes. The system directly melts the glass tube and uses molten glass material to automatically seal the glass tube, so it cannot be used for glass tubes with larger inner diameters.

[0007] For example, the Chinese patent with application number CN202222039492.8 solves the problem of large-sized glass tubes being difficult to process by laser heating the end face of the glass tube until it is in a molten state, and then relying on the rotation of the glass tube and the action of gravity to make the molten part automatically aggregate to the middle to complete the sealing, which is more inclined to hot melt sealing. However, this method heats a position at a certain distance from the end face and then conducts the heat of the heated area to the end face by heat conduction, so that the entire end reaches a molten state, and then automatically seals. It takes more time and the applicable glass tube size is still limited. For glass tubes with larger diameters, due to the limited effect of heat conduction, the softened part cannot completely reach a molten state, resulting in the inability to automatically aggregate to the middle to complete the sealing. At the same time, processing for too long will also cause the glass material to vaporize. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a glass tube automatic wire drawing sealing device and a sealing method thereof, which solve the problems of low processing efficiency, poor reliability and difficulty in ensuring the quality of finished products of the prior art glass tube sealing devices.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] In a first aspect, a glass tube automatic wire drawing and sealing device is provided, comprising:

[0011] A clamping mechanism for clamping both ends of the glass tube to be processed and driving the glass tube to rotate;

[0012] An optical mechanism for generating laser light, transmitting the laser light and converging the laser light on the glass tube to be processed;

[0013] An observation mechanism for adjusting the glass tube and observing the processing status of the glass tube;

[0014] Shearing and clamping molds used to shear molten glass and seal and shape glass tubes;

[0015] It is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move the glass tube for drawing, and to push the molten glass into the three-dimensional translation stage in the shearing and clamping mold.

[0016] Furthermore, the shearing and clamping mold includes a driving mechanism, on which an upper cutting block and a lower cutting block are movably provided, and arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically provided on the side where the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are close to each other, and the same side ends of the two arc-shaped grooves are provided with arc-shaped cutting edges protruding outward, and when the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are close to each other, the two arc-shaped grooves form a sleeve for sleeve-mounted glass tubes, and the two arc-shaped cutting edges together form a hemispherical shell for sealing the sleeve port.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a screw rod, one end of which is connected to the shear clamp motor, and the screw rod is provided with a forward external thread and a reverse external thread. The upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are respectively matched with the forward external thread and the reverse external thread. The upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are both provided with a limit block, and both ends of the limit block are provided with a clamping block, and the two clamping blocks are respectively slidably clamped in the two sliding grooves.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes two clamping motors, and the rotating shafts of the two clamping motors are each provided with a chuck for clamping and fixing the end of the glass tube, and the two chucks are arranged facing each other. The three-dimensional translation stage includes two X-axial sliding stages, and the two X-axial sliding stages are each provided with a Y-axial sliding stage, and the two Y-axial sliding stages are each provided with a Z-axial sliding stage, and the two clamping motors are respectively arranged on the two Z-axial sliding stages.

[0019] Furthermore, the optical mechanism includes a laser, and an optical component is provided at the front end of the laser, and the optical component includes a first array mirror, a second array mirror and a first focusing lens. The laser light of the laser is reflected by the first array mirror and the second array mirror in sequence and then converged onto the glass tube through the first focusing lens.

[0020] Furthermore, the observation mechanism includes an industrial camera, a thermometer and a rangefinder. The front end of the lens of the industrial camera is provided with a second focusing lens, the front end of the second focusing lens is provided with a shading mirror, and the front end of the shading mirror is provided with a second reflector and a first reflector for collecting changes in the morphology of the glass tube.

[0021] In a second aspect, a method for automatically drawing and sealing a glass tube is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Use a clamping mechanism to clamp both ends of the glass tube. After the clamping is stabilized, the clamping mechanism is used to drive the glass tube to rotate.

[0023] S2, adjusting the optical mechanism and the three-dimensional translation stage until the laser emitted by the optical mechanism is irradiated to the sealing portion of the glass tube;

[0024] S3. Using an optical mechanism to irradiate the sealed portion of the glass tube with a laser until the sealed portion of the glass tube reaches a molten state, and then closing the optical mechanism; using a three-dimensional translation stage with a clamping mechanism to move the molten portion of the glass tube to perform wire drawing;

[0025] S4. Use a shearing and clamping mold to shear the molten part of the glass tube, and push the molten end of the glass tube into the shearing and clamping mold through a three-dimensional translation stage to seal and shape it, thereby obtaining a sealed finished glass tube.

[0026] Furthermore, the method of clamping and debugging the glass tube in step S1 includes the following steps:

[0027] A1: Clamp and fix the two ends of the glass tube on two chucks respectively;

[0028] A2: Synchronously start the two clamping motors and use an industrial camera to continuously shoot the glass tube for a preset time.

[0029] A3: Extract contour features from several captured images to obtain several corresponding projection images;

[0030] A4: Overlap the projected images and extract the contour features of the overlapped overall image to obtain a motion offset image of the glass tube.

[0031] A5: Compare the radial size of the glass tube in the motion offset image with the actual radial size of the glass tube; if the deviation value is less than the set threshold, complete the clamping debugging of the glass tube; if the deviation value is greater than or equal to the set threshold, turn off the clamping motor, remove the glass tube from the chuck, and return to step A1.

[0032] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] B1: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage until the sealing part of the glass tube moves to the irradiation path of the laser and the laser spot is vertically irradiated on the glass tube;

[0034] B2: Adjust the distance between the first focusing lens and the glass tube until the light spot size on the glass tube is equal to the preset size.

[0035] Furthermore, steps S3 and S4 specifically include the following steps:

[0036] C1: Turn on the laser, industrial camera, and thermometer, and observe the morphological and temperature changes of the glass tube under the action of the laser until the sealing part of the glass tube reaches a molten state, then turn off the laser;

[0037] C2: Reduce the speed of the clamping motor on the same side of the arc-shaped groove opening end, turn off the other clamping motor, and adjust the three-dimensional translation stage to move the turned-off clamping motor a preset distance along the extension direction of the glass tube, so that a drawn molten glass is formed at the sealing part of the glass tube;

[0038] C3: Drive the upper and lower cutting blocks closer to each other, and cut the molten glass into a wire-like shape through two curved cutting edges;

[0039] C4: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage to move the clamping motor on the same side of the arc-shaped slot opening toward the other clamping motor by a preset distance, push the cut molten glass into the hemispherical shell, and seal the cut portion of the molten glass through the sleeve and the hemispherical shell;

[0040] C5: After the glass tube is cooled and shaped, the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are driven away from each other, the clamping motor located on the same side of the arc-shaped groove opening end is turned off, and the sealed product of the glass tube is removed.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1. This solution uses laser heat melting and wire drawing to effectively avoid problems such as uneven heating of the glass tube during the sealing process, poor sealing, low processing efficiency, poor reliability, poor product quality, and easily limited size of the processed glass tube. This solution has high processing efficiency and is easy to automate and integrate intelligently, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. The use of laser to automatically seal the tritium light source glass tube has a significant driving effect on the industrial production of tritium light sources.

[0043] 2. Laser processing has the unique advantages of high energy density, non-contact, high temperature and position control accuracy, and small heat-affected zone. It can successfully achieve hot-melt sealing of various large-sized glass tubes, and can ensure good sealing and intact sealing area morphology, processing dimensional accuracy and other effects.

[0044] 3. The wire drawing sealing method is adopted to greatly improve the efficiency of glass tube sealing and molding, making the size range of glass tubes that can be processed wider.

[0045] 4. Through the shearing and clamping mold, the drawn molten glass is directly cut off, and at the same time, the molten glass is sealed and shaped in the sleeve and hemispherical shell; at the same time, the shape of the arc-shaped cutting edge can be changed according to the requirements of the sealing shape, so as to make glass tubes with different sealing shapes.

[0046] 5. The three-dimensional translation stage can be used to adjust the position of the glass tube in three-dimensional space and complete the wire drawing action. With the assistance of the rangefinder, the position of the glass tube to the focusing lens can be accurately adjusted to change the size of the light spot irradiated on the surface of the glass tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes in this scheme.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of this scheme.

[0049] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the coordination between the clamping mechanism and the shearing and clamping die.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the shearing and clamping mold.

[0051] Among them, 1. Clamping motor, 2. Three-dimensional translation stage, 201. X-axis sliding stage, 202. Y-axis sliding stage, 203. Z-axis sliding stage, 3. Chuck, 4. Driving mechanism, 41. Screw, 42. Shearing and clamping motor, 43. Forward external thread, 44. Reverse external thread, 45. Limit block, 46. Card block, 47. Sliding groove, 5. Upper cutting block, 6. Lower cutting block, 7. Arc cutting groove, 8. Arc cutting edge, 9. Laser, 10. Industrial camera, 11. Thermometer, 12. Rangefinder, 13. First array mirror, 14. Second array mirror, 15. First focusing lens, 16. Second focusing lens, 17. Shading mirror, 18. First reflecting mirror, 19. Second reflecting mirror, 20. Computer, 21. Glass tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes of this solution consists of three parts: a sealing mechanism, an optical mechanism and an observation mechanism.

[0054] The sealing mechanism includes a clamping mechanism and a shearing mold. The clamping mechanism includes two clamping motors 1. The clamping motors 1 are preferably stepping motors. The two clamping motors 1 are arranged on a three-dimensional translation stage 2, wherein the three-dimensional translation stage 2 includes two X-axial sliding stages 201. The two X-axial sliding stages 201 are each provided with a Y-axial sliding stage 202, and the two Y-axial sliding stages 202 are each provided with a Z-axial sliding stage 203. The two clamping motors 1 are respectively arranged on the two Z-axial sliding stages 203; the rotating shafts of the two clamping motors 1 are each provided with a chuck 3 for clamping and fixing the glass tube 21. The two chucks 3 are arranged facing each other and can be used to clamp and fix the two ends of the glass tube 21 respectively. The clamping motor 1 can drive the chuck 3 and the glass tube 21 clamped therein to rotate. The chuck 3 can ensure the concentricity of the glass tube 21 during rotation processing.

[0055] The shearing and clamping mold includes a driving mechanism 4, on which an upper cutting block 5 and a lower cutting block 6 are movably provided. An arc-shaped cutting groove 7 is symmetrically provided on the side where the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 are close to each other. The same side ends of the two arc-shaped cutting grooves 7 are both provided with an arc-shaped cutting edge 8 protruding outward. When the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 are close to each other, the two arc-shaped cutting grooves 7 together form a sleeve for sleeve-mounted glass tube 21, and the two arc-shaped cutting edges 8 together form a hemispherical shell for sealing the sleeve port.

[0056] The driving mechanism 4 includes a screw rod 41, one end of which is connected to the shearing and clamping motor 42 for transmission. The screw rod 41 is provided with a forward external thread 43 and a reverse external thread 44. The upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 are respectively threadedly matched with the forward external thread 43 and the reverse external thread 44. A limit block 45 is provided on the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6. Both ends of the limit block 45 are provided with a clamping block 46. The two clamping blocks 46 are respectively slidably clamped in the two sliding grooves 47; through the transmission of the shearing and clamping motor 42 and the screw rod 41, the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 can be moved closer to and away from each other. At the same time, the setting of the limit block 45 and the clamping block 46 effectively prevents the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 from rotating during the movement.

[0057] The optical mechanism consists of a laser 9, optical components and a circulating water cooling device. The laser 9 adopts a carbon dioxide laser 9, which emits a laser with a wavelength of 10.6μm. The external optical path is mainly composed of optical components for transmitting laser energy and converging it on the glass tube 21 to be processed. The optical components include a first array mirror 13, a second array mirror 14 and a first focusing lens 15. The laser light of the laser 9 is reflected by the first array mirror 13 and the second array mirror 14 in turn and then converged on the glass tube 21 through the first focusing lens 15. The circulating water cooling device is used to cool the laser 9, maintain the operating temperature of the laser 9, ensure the light emission quality and service life of the laser 9, and ensure that the laser 9 can operate stably.

[0058] The observation mechanism includes an industrial camera 10, a thermometer 11 and a rangefinder 12. The front end of the lens of the industrial camera 10 is provided with a second focusing lens 16, the front end of the second focusing lens 16 is provided with a shading mirror 17, and the front end of the shading mirror 17 is provided with a second reflecting mirror 19 and a first reflecting mirror 18 for collecting the morphological changes of the glass tube 21. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the morphological changes of the glass tube 21 under laser irradiation in real time to determine the timing of wire drawing, and to accurately observe the changes in the melting area and the sealing effect under different process parameters, so as to further optimize the process parameters and improve the yield; the thermometer 11 is used to monitor the temperature changes of the glass tube 21 and the heat affected range caused by the melting area during molding in real time. Its main purpose is to monitor The spatial distribution of the temperature field of the glass tube 21 when the sealing is completed under these process parameters is measured, and the temperature change of the glass tube 21 during the entire process of hot-melt drawing and sealing the glass tube 21 is determined, so as to determine the filling range of the material inside the subsequent glass tube 21. The monitored temperature value can also assist in judging the timing of drawing. The rangefinder 12 is used to measure the distance between the glass tube 21 and the first focusing lens 15. The relationship between the distance from the first focusing lens 15 to the glass tube 21 and the diameter of the laser beam can be used to convert the size of the light spot using the law of similar triangles. Conversely, when the size of the light spot is known, the distance between the first focusing lens 15 and the glass tube 21 is measured through the rangefinder 12, and the position of the required light spot size is reached by controlling the three-dimensional translation stage 2 to move the corresponding displacement.

[0059] In this solution, the clamping motor 1, three-dimensional translation stage 2, shearing motor 42, laser 9, industrial camera 10, thermometer 11 and rangefinder 12 are all electrically connected to the computer 20 through the controller, realizing the integrated control of the sealing process of the glass tube 21 in this solution.

[0060] The following is a detailed description of the functions of each component of this solution:

[0061] The first array mirror 13 is used to adjust the irradiation path of the laser in the X-axis direction to prevent the laser from irradiating vertically back to the laser 9 after acting on the glass tube 21 and damaging the laser components; the second array mirror 14 is used to adjust the irradiation path of the laser in the Y-axis direction and has the same function as above; the first focusing lens 15 focuses the parallel laser beam; the first reflector 18 is used to reflect the morphology of the glass tube 21 to the second reflector 19; the second reflector 19 is used to reflect the morphology of the glass tube 21 to the industrial camera 10 for observation; the three-dimensional translation stage 2 is used to adjust the position of the laser acting on the glass tube 21 and the distance from the glass tube 21 to the lens to change the size of the light spot acting on the glass tube 21, and subsequent Control of the drawing action of the glass tube 21 and control of pushing the molten glass into the shearing and clamping mold; the shading mirror 17 is used to block the white light reflected by the second reflector 19 to prevent strong light from damaging the photosensitive element of the industrial camera 10. At the same time, the absence of strong light is more conducive to observing the morphological details of the glass tube 21; the second focusing lens 16 is used to converge the reflected light from the second reflector 19, so that the industrial camera 10 can clearly record the sealing process of the glass tube 21; the shearing and clamping mold is used to shear and clamp the molten glass, cut the molten glass, and push the molten glass of the finished end glass tube 21 clamped by the turntable into the hemispherical shell for cooling and shaping.

[0062] This solution also provides a glass tube automatic wire drawing and sealing method, which includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Clamp both ends of the glass tube 21 with a clamping mechanism. After the clamping mechanism is stabilized, the glass tube 21 is rotated by the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes:

[0064] A1: Clamp and fix the two ends of the glass tube 21 on the two chucks 3 respectively;

[0065] A2: Synchronously start the two clamping motors 1 and use the industrial camera 10 to continuously shoot the glass tube 21 for a preset time period;

[0066] A3: Extract contour features from several captured images to obtain several corresponding projection images;

[0067] A4: Overlap the projected images and extract contour features from the overlapped overall images to obtain a motion offset image of the glass tube 21;

[0068] A5: Compare the radial dimension of the glass tube 21 in the motion offset image with the actual radial dimension of the glass tube 21; if the deviation value is less than the set threshold, complete the clamping debugging of the glass tube; if the deviation value is greater than or equal to the set threshold, turn off the clamping motor 1, remove the glass tube 21 from the chuck 3, and return to step A1.

[0069] S2, adjusting the optical mechanism and the three-dimensional translation stage 2 until the laser emitted by the optical mechanism is irradiated to the sealing portion of the glass tube 21; specifically comprising:

[0070] B1: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage 2 until the sealing portion of the glass tube 21 moves into the irradiation path of the laser 9 and the laser spot is vertically irradiated on the glass tube 21;

[0071] B2: Adjust the distance between the first focusing lens 15 and the glass tube 21 until the light spot size on the glass tube 21 is equal to the preset size.

[0072] S3. Using an optical mechanism to irradiate the sealed portion of the glass tube 21 with a laser until the sealed portion of the glass tube 21 reaches a molten state, and then closing the optical mechanism; using a three-dimensional translation stage 2 with a clamping mechanism to move the molten portion of the glass tube 21 to perform wire drawing;

[0073] S4. Use a shearing and clamping mold to shear the molten portion of the glass tube 21, and push the molten end of the glass tube into the shearing and clamping mold through the three-dimensional translation stage 2 for sealing and shaping, thereby obtaining a sealed finished glass tube 21.

[0074] Wherein, steps S3 and S4 specifically include the following steps:

[0075] C1: Debug the industrial camera 10 and the thermometer 11 so that the industrial camera 10 can clearly observe the morphological changes of the glass tube 21 under the action of the laser, and the thermometer 11 can clearly observe the temperature changes of the glass tube 21. Then, turn on the laser 9, the industrial camera 10, and the thermometer 11, and observe the morphological changes and temperature changes of the glass tube 21 under the action of the laser until the seal of the glass tube 21 reaches a molten state. Then, turn off the laser 9.

[0076] C2: Reduce the speed of the clamping motor 1 on the same side as the open end of the arc-shaped slot 7, turn off the other clamping motor 1, and adjust the three-dimensional translation stage 2 to move the turned-off clamping motor 1 a preset distance along the extension direction of the glass tube 21, so that a drawn molten glass is formed at the sealing portion of the glass tube 21;

[0077] C3: driving the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 to move closer to each other, and cutting the drawn molten glass through the two arc-shaped cutting edges 8;

[0078] C4: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage 2 so that the clamping motor 1 located on the same side of the open end of the arc-shaped groove 7 moves toward the other clamping motor 1 by a preset distance, pushing the cut molten glass into the hemispherical shell, and sealing the cut portion of the molten glass through the sleeve and the hemispherical shell;

[0079] C5: After the glass tube 21 is cooled and shaped, the upper cutting block 5 and the lower cutting block 6 are driven away from each other, the clamping motor 1 located on the same side of the open end of the arc-shaped cutting groove 7 is turned off, and the sealed product of the glass tube 21 is removed.

[0080] This solution adjusts the process parameters of the sealing process and repeatedly executes the sealing method of this solution. The process parameters are optimized through practice to obtain the best processing parameters, which are then put into industrial production to ensure the sealing efficiency, product quality and yield of the glass tube 21. The adjustment of the process parameters includes the laser power, the spot size, the set threshold value, the preset distance, the hot melt working time, the speed of the clamping motor 1, the cooling and setting time of the glass tube 21, etc.

[0081] This solution integrates all components into a single box, enabling integrated operation, observation, and recording, thereby improving efficiency and saving manpower. When not processing, closing the box can prevent dust and protect the components. At the same time, during processing, the box can block diffusely reflected laser light, providing some protection for workers.

[0082] This solution adopts laser hot melting and wire drawing sealing methods, which effectively avoids the problems of uneven heating of the glass tube 21, poor sealing, low processing efficiency, poor reliability, poor quality of the finished product, and easy size restrictions of the processed glass tube 21 during the sealing process; and this solution has high processing efficiency, is easy to automate and integrate intelligently, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The use of laser to complete the automatic sealing of the tritium light source glass tube 21 has an important driving effect on the industrial production of tritium light sources.

Claims

1. A glass tube automatic wire drawing and sealing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use a clamping mechanism to clamp both ends of the glass tube. After the clamping is stabilized, the clamping mechanism is used to drive the glass tube to rotate. S2, adjusting the optical mechanism and the three-dimensional translation stage until the laser emitted by the optical mechanism is irradiated to the sealing portion of the glass tube; S3. Using an optical mechanism to irradiate the sealed portion of the glass tube with a laser until the sealed portion of the glass tube reaches a molten state, and then closing the optical mechanism; using a three-dimensional translation stage with a clamping mechanism to move the molten portion of the glass tube to perform wire drawing; S4, using a shearing and clamping mold to shear the molten portion of the glass tube, and using a three-dimensional translation stage to push the molten end of the glass tube into the shearing and clamping mold for sealing and shaping, thereby obtaining a sealed finished glass tube; Step S1: The method for clamping and debugging the glass tube includes the following steps: A1: Clamp and fix the two ends of the glass tube on two chucks respectively; A2: Synchronously start the two clamping motors and use an industrial camera to continuously shoot the glass tube for a preset time. A3: Extract contour features from several captured images to obtain several corresponding projection images; A4: Overlap the projected images and extract the contour features of the overlapped overall image to obtain a motion offset image of the glass tube. A5: Compare the radial dimensions of the glass tube in the motion offset image with the actual radial dimensions of the glass tube. If the deviation is less than the set threshold, complete the clamping and debugging of the glass tube. If the deviation is greater than or equal to the set threshold, turn off the clamping motor, remove the glass tube from the chuck, and return to step A1.

2. The automatic wire drawing and sealing method for glass tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: B1: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage until the sealing part of the glass tube moves to the irradiation path of the laser and the laser spot is vertically irradiated on the glass tube; B2: Adjust the distance between the first focusing lens and the glass tube until the light spot size on the glass tube is equal to the preset size.

3. The automatic wire drawing and sealing method for glass tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steps S3 and S4 specifically include the following steps: C1: Turn on the laser, industrial camera, and thermometer, and observe the morphological and temperature changes of the glass tube under the action of the laser until the sealing part of the glass tube reaches a molten state, then turn off the laser; C2: Reduce the speed of the clamping motor on the same side of the arc-shaped groove opening end, turn off the other clamping motor, and adjust the three-dimensional translation stage to move the turned-off clamping motor a preset distance along the extension direction of the glass tube, so that a drawn molten glass is formed at the sealing part of the glass tube; C3: Drive the upper and lower cutting blocks closer to each other, and cut the molten glass into a wire-like shape through two curved cutting edges; C4: Adjust the three-dimensional translation stage to move the clamping motor on the same side of the arc-shaped slot opening toward the other clamping motor by a preset distance, push the cut molten glass into the hemispherical shell, and seal the cut portion of the molten glass through the sleeve and the hemispherical shell; C5: After the glass tube is cooled and shaped, the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are driven away from each other, the clamping motor located on the same side of the arc-shaped groove opening end is turned off, and the sealed product of the glass tube is removed.

4. A sealing device based on the automatic wire drawing sealing method for glass tubes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: A clamping mechanism for clamping both ends of the glass tube to be processed and driving the glass tube to rotate; An optical mechanism for generating laser light, transmitting the laser light and converging the laser light on the glass tube to be processed; An observation mechanism for adjusting the glass tube and observing the processing status of the glass tube; Shearing and clamping molds used to shear molten glass and seal and shape glass tubes; It is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move the glass tube for drawing, and to push the molten glass into the three-dimensional translation stage in the shearing and clamping mold.

5. The automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shearing and clamping mold includes a driving mechanism, on which an upper cutting block and a lower cutting block are movably arranged. Arc-shaped cutting grooves are symmetrically arranged on the side where the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are close to each other. The same side ends of the two arc-shaped cutting grooves are both provided with arc-shaped cutting edges protruding outward. When the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are close to each other, the two arc-shaped cutting grooves form a sleeve for sleeve-mounted glass tubes, and the two arc-shaped cutting edges together form a hemispherical shell for sealing the sleeve port.

6. The automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a screw rod, one end of which is connected to the shear clamp motor, and a forward external thread and a reverse external thread are provided on the screw rod. The upper cutting block and the lower cutting block are respectively matched with the forward external thread and the reverse external thread. Limit blocks are provided on the upper cutting block and the lower cutting block, and clamping blocks are provided at both ends of the limit block. The two clamping blocks are respectively slidably clamped in the two sliding grooves.

7. The automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes two clamping motors, and the rotating shafts of the two clamping motors are each provided with a chuck for clamping and fixing the end of the glass tube, and the two chucks are arranged facing each other. The three-dimensional translation stage includes two X-axial sliding stages, and the two X-axial sliding stages are each provided with a Y-axial sliding stage, and the two Y-axial sliding stages are each provided with a Z-axial sliding stage, and the two clamping motors are respectively arranged on the two Z-axial sliding stages.

8. The automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical mechanism includes a laser, and an optical component is provided at the front end of the laser. The optical component includes a first array mirror, a second array mirror and a first focusing lens. The laser light of the laser is reflected by the first array mirror and the second array mirror in sequence and then converged onto the glass tube through the first focusing lens.

9. The automatic wire drawing and sealing device for glass tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The observation mechanism includes an industrial camera, a thermometer and a rangefinder. The front end of the lens of the industrial camera is provided with a second focusing lens, the front end of the second focusing lens is provided with a shading mirror, and the front end of the shading mirror is provided with a second reflector and a first reflector for collecting changes in the morphology of the glass tube.

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