Integrated hole bottom pumping and spray eliminating drill tool with through-layer drilling, ring flow and self-cleaning

Abstract

The application discloses a through-layer drilling ring flow supply self-cleaning and blocking integrated hole bottom extraction non-jetting drill tool, which comprises a multifunctional rod body, an extraction inner group pipe, a radial cavity forming nozzle, an axial blocking nozzle, a conical hole screen plate strip, an air inlet transition piece, a cross-border air inlet pipe, a compression spring slide valve assembly and a ring flow opening and closing drill bit. The special slide valve control mechanism is adopted, the original radial cavity forming jet flow is reserved, and the instantaneous axial blocking jet flow is added, so that the conical hole screen plate strip is self-cleaned and blocked. The cross-border air inlet pipe and the transition air inlet piece are combined and sealed, so that the radial air inlet channel passes through the axial flow supply channel without air and water leakage. The ring flow supply anti-backflow opening and closing drill bit is designed, and the jet flow water medium pollution problem and the drill bit opening and closing problem are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine gas drainage drilling technology, and in particular to a bottom-hole drainage and anti-blowing drilling tool with integrated flow supply and self-cleaning of the cross-layer borehole ring. Background Technology

[0002] Constructing inclined cross-layer boreholes within the bottom rock of outburst-prone coal seams, and drilling cross-layer boreholes in the areas to be excavated or mined within the outburst-prone coal seams, while employing high-pressure water jet cavitation to enhance permeability in the coal seam sections, is the primary method for current gas extraction and control in outburst-prone coal seams. Currently, the drill rods used for cross-layer drilling in outburst-prone coal seams in China mainly include grooved drill rods, ribbed drill rods, and prismatic grooved drill rods. A high-low conversion jet injector is installed between the drill rod at the front end and the drill bit. Under low pressure, the jet supplies water to the drill bit; under high pressure, it supplies water to the radial nozzle, thereby enhancing permeability by creating high-pressure water jet cavitation in the coal seam section. During the water jet cavitation process, a large amount of coal slag and gas are generated. This coal slag and gas are discharged outside the borehole through the annular gap between the drill rod surface and the borehole wall. For inclined boreholes in outburst-prone coal seams, coal slag can be discharged using its own weight and the spiral grooves, spiral ribs, and ridges on the drill rod surface. Since gas is lighter than air, it can only be discharged by pressure difference, which can lead to excessive gas levels in the blowhole. Excessive gas levels in the blowhole have become one of the main safety hazards in outburst-prone mines. At the same time, the installation of a high-low pressure conversion jet on the central flow channel makes it impossible to lower the protective screen pipe during drill retraction.

[0003] Therefore, the current high-pressure water jet slotting and cavity creation method for cross-layer drilling faces two major challenges: firstly, the problem of excessive gas levels in the blowout holes; and secondly, the difficulty in lowering the protective screen during drill retraction. To address the problems of excessive gas levels in the blowout holes and the difficulty in lowering the screen during high-pressure water jet slotting and cavity creation for enhanced permeability in cross-layer drilling, the applicant submitted a "Method for Gas Extraction While Drilling in Cross-Layer Drilling and Blowout Prevention Holes" (application number 202210251353.3). The "screen hole air intake device," "high-low pressure conversion jetter," and "openable / closable drill bit" involved in this method have certain defects during use. The main defects are: Firstly, due to the complexity of coal seam conditions, when the content of viscous substances in the coal seam is high, moist coal dust and sludge will accumulate and clog the outside of the conical plate of the "screen hole air intake device," affecting the efficiency of extraction and blowout prevention. How to make the screen hole air intake device have a self-cleaning function is a problem to be solved. The problems to be solved are as follows: Second, at the "screen hole air intake device", the radial air intake channel (air intake hole) passes through the axial ring flow channel and connects with the axial center extraction channel. The air intake hole needs to pass through two interfaces of three different components. The sealing at the interface is quite difficult, resulting in air and water leakage. This has a certain impact on the air intake efficiency of the radial air intake channel and also increases the amount of gas mixed with water extracted. How to solve the interface sealing problem of the air intake hole of the screen hole air intake device needs to be solved. Third, the "openable and closable drill bit" adopts a ring flow channel. There is no backflow check device installed in the ring flow channel. Coal slag enters the drill bit and settles into the ring flow channel of the section where the ejector is located, contaminating the working water medium of the ejector and affecting the normal operation and service life of the ejector.

[0004] To address the three aforementioned deficiencies, this invention makes three improvements. First, a dual-function jet device with radial cavity creation and axial instantaneous unblocking capabilities is designed, significantly altering the working position of the jet device and resolving the external blockage problem of the "sieve hole air inlet device." Second, to address the water leakage problem at the air inlet interface of the "sieve hole air inlet device," a "cross-boundary air inlet pipe" solution is proposed, eliminating interface leakage and resolving the unreliable sealing issue of the "sieve hole air inlet device." Third, a ring-feed start-stop drill bit with anti-backflow function is designed to solve the problem of working water medium contamination in the jet injector. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing an integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout elimination drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply, self-cleaning and plugging mechanism.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above objectives is:

[0007] The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout elimination drilling tool with ring flow for cross-layer drilling is characterized by comprising the multi-functional rod body, extraction inner tube, radial cavity-making nozzle, axial blockage-clearing nozzle, conical hole screen plate, air inlet transition piece, cross-border air inlet pipe, compression spring slide valve assembly, and ring flow opening and closing drill bit.

[0008] The multifunctional rod is equipped with a radial cavity-creating nozzle, an axial unblocking nozzle, and a conical screen hole plate. The radial cavity-creating nozzle realizes the cavity-creating and permeability-enhancing function, the axial unblocking nozzle realizes the screen hole unblocking function, and the conical screen hole plate realizes the screen hole air intake function.

[0009] The annular gap between the multifunctional rod and the inner extraction tube is the annular supply channel, the central hole of the inner extraction tube is the axial air extraction channel, and the inner hole of the cross-boundary air inlet pipe is the radial air inlet channel.

[0010] The air intake transition piece is fitted onto the inner extraction tube;

[0011] The spring-loaded slide valve assembly is located in the annular flow channel between the multi-functional rod and the inner extraction tube, enabling the self-cleaning of the cone-shaped screen plate strip;

[0012] The ring-flow start-stop drill bit is connected to one end of the multi-functional rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the two ends of the multifunctional rod are respectively machined with female and male threads that can cooperate with each other, and a first sealing ring is installed on the male thread end. The male thread is connected to the ring-supply flow start-stop drill bit, and the female thread is connected to the matching ring-supply flow high-pressure sealing drill rod. The ring-supply flow high-pressure sealing drill rod mentioned here is not within the scope of this patent discussion.

[0014] Furthermore, four axial ribs are provided at the end of the multi-functional rod near the female buckle;

[0015] Two of the axial ribs are equipped with radial cavity-creating nozzles and axial unblocking nozzles, while the other two axial ribs are equipped only with axial unblocking nozzles. The four axial ribs can be formed by welding or by integral machining. In actual implementation, two or three axial ribs can also be set, with radial cavity-creating nozzles and axial unblocking nozzles installed on each axial rib, which is also within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0016] Furthermore, the axial protrusion has cutting teeth welded to the end near the female buckle, and the axial protrusion is provided with a slanted groove for crushing and conveying slag.

[0017] Furthermore, the multifunctional rod body is provided with four axial grooves near the male end. The number of axial grooves is the same as that of the axial ribs and they are axially corresponding. The axial grooves serve two purposes: first, to facilitate the construction of multiple first radial holes in the grooves; and second, to facilitate the positioning of the welded conical sieve plate. The shape of the axial grooves is not limited, but the bottom surface of the axial grooves should be at a certain distance from the inner surface of the conical sieve plate to better achieve the air intake effect.

[0018] The axial groove is machined with multiple first radial holes, and a tapered screen plate with an irregular cross section is embedded and welded in the axial groove. The tapered screen plate is machined with numerous tapered screen holes. The irregular steel plate used for the tapered screen plate is formed by cold extrusion. The purpose of using tapered screen holes is to make the diameter of the slag inlet of the screen hole smaller than the diameter of the slag outlet of the screen hole, so as to prevent coal slag from bridging and clogging inside the tapered hole.

[0019] Furthermore, there is a transition rod between the axial rib and the axial groove. The outer shape of the transition rod can adopt the outer shape of various existing drill rods. The length of the transition rod is related to the drilling angle. The larger the drilling angle, the shorter the length of the transition rod, and vice versa.

[0020] The purpose of setting up the transition section rod is to prevent the cone hole screen plate from being submerged by water. Within the same drilling site, hole bottom blowout drilling tools with different transition section lengths can be configured to adapt to drilling at different inclination angles. However, it is worth noting that the integrated extraction blowout drilling tool is not suitable for horizontal drilling and downward inclined drilling. In this case, the screen hole air intake section is submerged by water, loses its air intake function, and can only take in water, making it impossible to extract gas.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner extraction tube is composed of an extraction steel pipe, a female end support, a male end support, a first shaped sealing ring, a second sealing ring, a third sealing ring, and a fourth sealing ring;

[0022] One end of the extraction steel pipe is connected to the inner hole of the female end support by a threaded connection and sealed by a second sealing ring. A first irregular sealing ring is installed and fastened on the outside of the female end support. The male end support is sleeved on the extraction steel pipe and fixed by a spring retaining ring.

[0023] The second, third, and fourth sealing rings are installed at different positions on the extraction steel pipe, and a plurality of second radial holes are machined on the extraction steel pipe between the third and fourth sealing rings.

[0024] Furthermore, the air intake transition piece is fitted onto the extraction steel pipe and covered by the third and fourth sealing rings, and the air intake transition piece has multiple third radial holes machined radially.

[0025] Furthermore, the first radial hole, the second radial hole, and the third radial hole are coaxial, have the same diameter, and are the same number, and can be drilled in one go during processing.

[0026] Furthermore, after applying adhesive to the first, second, and third radial holes located on different components, a cross-border air intake pipe is tightly fitted and driven in, spanning the two interfaces between the three components, so that the radial air intake channel passes through the axial supply channel and connects with the axial extraction channel.

[0027] Furthermore, the spring-loaded spool valve assembly consists of a sliding ring, a spring, a damping tube, a positioning support, and a limiting retaining ring;

[0028] The sliding ring, compression spring, and damping tube are sequentially arranged between the limiting ring and the positioning support. The compression spring is located outside the damping tube, and one end of the compression spring is connected to one end of the sliding ring.

[0029] Furthermore, a sliding seal and a guide ring are installed on the outer circle of the sliding ring. The sliding seal can be a combination of a Glyd ring and an O-ring.

[0030] The outer circumference of the sliding ring is provided with an annular flow groove and multiple radial flow holes. The flow groove and radial flow holes cooperate to provide instantaneous flow to the axial unblocking nozzle during the movement of the sliding ring, thereby achieving flushing and unblocking of the tapered hole screen plate.

[0031] The sliding ring has an energy control surface on its front surface. The energy control surface can be an arc groove, a V-shaped groove, an outer chamfered surface, or an inner chamfered surface. Changing the shape of the energy control surface can change the force on the compression spring. When an inner chamfered surface is used, the force on the compression spring is minimized. Changing the shape and structure of the energy control surface helps to select a compression spring of appropriate size.

[0032] A limiting step is provided in the stepped inner hole of the sliding ring. The limiting step cooperates with the damping tube. When the damping tube and the limiting step are in contact, the compression spring stops compressing and the radial cavity nozzle begins to jet. The compression spring needs to have a certain preload after installation, and the compression spring must not move during low-pressure supply.

[0033] Furthermore, the sliding ring and the damping tube move relative to each other, forming three operating conditions:

[0034] When the pressure is low, the spring does not move. The current supply to the ring is used to open and close the drill bit, which is the drilling operation.

[0035] During high-pressure supply, the compression spring is compressed, and the damping tube enters the inner hole of the sliding ring, forcing the fluid to flow through the radial flow hole and flow groove to the axial unblocking nozzle, instantly cleaning the cone hole screen plate strip, i.e. unblocking condition;

[0036] When high pressure is supplied, the pressure spring is compressed to the position, and the damping tube and the limiting step make contact, forcing the fluid to be supplied only to the radial cavity nozzle, which is the hydraulic cavity-making condition.

[0037] Furthermore, the compression spring slide valve assembly can also be replaced by a prestressed tension spring slide valve assembly. The so-called prestressed tension spring refers to a tension spring that has an initial prestress through a tension spring processing technology. The shape and structure of the damping tube can also be other shapes and structures, all of which can achieve the above three working conditions. The inventor has provided several variations, which are generally understandable and comprehensible to those skilled in the art, and no further component labeling is required. These variations are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the ring-feed start-stop drill bit consists of a pressure bar drill bit anti-backflow inner tube and a lost cover;

[0039] The anti-backflow inner tube is inserted into the inner cavity of the pressure bar drill bit. The annular gap between the pressure bar drill bit and the anti-backflow inner tube is a ring flow channel. A lost cover is placed between the end of the anti-backflow inner tube and the bottom of the pressure bar drill bit. When the protective screen tube is lowered, the lost cover is lost in the borehole.

[0040] Furthermore, one end of the pressure bar drill bit is provided with a drill bit female thread that is connected to the aforementioned male thread, and the other end is equipped with a rotating pressure bar through a pin. A lost cover is placed under the rotating pressure bar, and a cutting blade is installed on the rotating pressure bar.

[0041] Furthermore, the anti-backflow inner tube is composed of a second irregular sealing ring, a support ring, a short-connecting inner tube, a tension spring sliding ring, and a fixing ring;

[0042] The second irregular-shaped sealing ring is fastened to one end of the support ring, and the short-connecting inner tube is inserted into the inner hole of the other end of the support ring. The tension spring, sliding ring and fixing ring are sequentially sleeved on the short-connecting inner tube. The two ends of the tension spring are connected to the support ring and the sliding ring respectively through spring buckles. The spring buckles mentioned here refer to threads with a semi-circular arc shape, which can be screwed onto the spring buckles to serve as a compression spring.

[0043] Furthermore, the support ring is fixed to the root of the drill bit nut by a spring retainer, and the fixing ring is fixed to a suitable position in the inner cavity of the pressure rod drill bit by a set screw. The assembly of the anti-backflow inner tube and the pressure rod drill bit can be completed by a spring retainer and several set screws.

[0044] Furthermore, the flow supply of the ring-type flow-operating drill bit has two operating conditions: flow-through condition and backflow prevention condition. The tension spring in the backflow prevention inner tube can be replaced by a compression spring, which has a simpler structure, but the compression spring is easily contaminated by coal slag, affecting its operation.

[0045] Furthermore, for the ring-supply start-stop drill bit, in order to meet the above two working conditions, there are three other feasible solutions for the anti-backflow inner tube. The applicant has provided drawings that can be understood by a person skilled in the art, and no further part names are marked. These solutions are also within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0047] 1. This invention addresses the problem of coal slag and slime accumulating and clogging on the outer surface of the conical screen perforated plate by designing a dual-function jet device. A specially structured slide valve assembly is installed within the annular flow channel. In addition to the radial water jet cavity-creating function, it also has an instantaneous axial jet clearing function. Each time a drill rod is installed, the conical screen perforated plate is flushed and cleared once. The conical screen perforated plate can also be repeatedly flushed and cleared by opening and closing the flow valve outside the hole.

[0048] 2. This invention addresses the problem of air and water leakage in the radial air intake channel (air intake hole covered by a tapered sieve plate) when it passes through two interfaces of three different components. It proposes a complete sealing solution including a "cross-boundary air intake pipe" to solve the problem of isolation, sealing and connection of three intersecting channels. The three channels refer to the axial annular flow supply channel, the radial air intake channel and the axial air extraction channel.

[0049] 3. This invention designs a ring-feed opening and closing drill bit with anti-backflow function. An anti-backflow component is set in the ring-feed channel of the drill bit. At the same time, an opening and closing method with a lost cover and a rotating pressure rod is designed. This not only facilitates the lowering of the protective screen before retracting the drill, but also prevents the water medium in the jet section from being contaminated. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the multi-functional rod body of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the components and assembly of the extraction inner tube of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the air intake transition component of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 The conical hole screen plate strip of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the screen hole air inlet section of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the spring-loaded sliding valve assembly of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7b This is an assembly diagram of the spring-loaded sliding valve assembly of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 8The diagram shows three positions of the spring-loaded sliding valve assembly of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 9 Other feasible solutions and work position diagrams for the slide valve assembly of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a structural and positional diagram of the annular flow-supplying and shut-off drill bit of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drill tool of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 11 Structural diagrams and workstation diagrams for other feasible schemes for starting and closing the drill bit with ring-flow supply.

[0062] Among them, 1-multifunctional rod body, 11-female buckle, 12-male buckle, 13-axial rib, 14-axial groove, 15-transition rod body, 131-reverse cutting tooth, 132-oblique groove, 121-first sealing ring, 141-first radial hole, 2-extraction steel pipe, 21-extraction steel pipe, 22-female end support, 23-male end support, 24-first irregular sealing ring, 25-second sealing ring, 26-third sealing ring, 27-fourth sealing ring, 211-second radial hole, 3-radial cavity-creating nozzle, 4-axial unblocking nozzle, 5-conical hole screen strip, 51-conical hole, 6-air inlet transition piece, 61-third radial hole. 7-Intersection intake pipe, 8-Compression spring slide valve assembly, 81-Sliding ring, 82-Compression spring, 83-Damping tube, 84-Limiting support, 85-Limiting retaining ring, 811-Sliding seal, 812-Guide ring, 813-Flow groove, 814-Radial flow hole, 815-Energy control groove, 816-Limiting step, 9-Ring supply flow start / stop drill bit, 91-Pressure bar drill bit, 92-Anti-backflow inner tube, 93-Lost cap, 911-Drill bit female thread, 912-Rotating pressure bar, 921-Second irregular sealing ring, 922-Support ring, 923-Short-connection inner tube, 924-Tension spring, 925-Sliding ring, 926-Fixing ring.

[0063] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] like Figure 1-11As shown, this embodiment discloses a bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drill bit with integrated ring-flow self-cleaning and plugging-free perforation for through-layer drilling. It consists of a multi-functional rod body 1, an inner extraction tube 2, a radial cavity-creating nozzle 3, an axial plugging-free nozzle 4, a conical screen plate 5, an air intake transition piece 6, a cross-sectional air intake pipe 7, a spring-loaded slide valve assembly 8, and a ring-flow opening and closing drill bit 9. The multi-functional rod body 1 is equipped with the radial cavity-creating nozzle 3, the axial plugging-free nozzle 4, and the conical screen plate 5, which respectively realize the functions of cavity creation and permeability enhancement, screen hole cleaning and screen hole air intake. The annular gap between the multi-functional rod body 1 and the extraction steel pipe 21 is the ring-flow channel, the central hole of the extraction steel pipe 21 is the axial air extraction channel, and the inner hole of the cross-sectional air intake pipe 7 is the radial air intake channel.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the multi-functional rod body 1 are respectively machined with female buckles 11 and male buckles 12 that can cooperate with each other, and a first sealing ring 121 is installed on the male buckle end. The male buckle 12 is connected to the ring-supply flow start-stop drill bit 9, and the female buckle 11 is connected to the matching ring-supply flow high-pressure sealing drill rod. The ring-supply flow high-pressure sealing drill rod mentioned here is not within the scope of this patent discussion.

[0067] Four axial ribs 13 are provided near the female buckle end of the multifunctional rod body 1. Two of the axial ribs 13 are equipped with radial cavity-creating nozzles 3 and axial unblocking nozzles 4, while the other two axial ribs 13 are only equipped with axial unblocking nozzles 4. The four axial ribs can be formed by welding or by integral machining. In actual implementation, two or three axial ribs can also be provided, with radial cavity-creating nozzles and axial unblocking nozzles installed on each axial rib, which is also within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0068] A cutting tooth 131 is welded to the end of the axial rib 13 near the female buckle. The axial rib 13 is also provided with a slanted groove 132 with slag crushing and conveying functions. The multi-functional rod body 1 is provided with four axial grooves 14 near the male buckle. The number of axial grooves 14 is the same as that of the axial ribs 13 and they are axially corresponding. The axial grooves have two functions: first, to facilitate the construction of multiple first radial holes in the grooves; and second, to facilitate the positioning of the welded conical hole screen plate. The shape of the axial grooves is not limited, but the bottom surface of the axial grooves should be a certain distance from the inner surface of the conical hole screen plate to better perform the air intake effect.

[0069] Multiple first radial holes 141 are machined in the axial groove 14. A tapered screen plate 5 with an irregular cross section is embedded and welded in the axial groove 14. Numerous tapered screen holes 51 are machined on the tapered screen plate 5. The irregular steel plate used for the tapered screen plate is formed by cold extrusion. The purpose of using tapered screen holes is to make the diameter of the slag inlet of the screen hole smaller than the diameter of the slag outlet of the screen hole, so as to prevent coal slag from bridging and clogging inside the tapered hole.

[0070] Between the axial rib 13 and the axial groove 14, there is a transition rod 15. The external shape of the transition rod 15 can adopt the external shape of various existing drill rods. The length of the transition rod 15 is related to the inclination angle of the borehole. The larger the borehole inclination angle, the shorter the length of the transition rod. Considering that the angles of the cross-layer boreholes in the same drilling site are different, several bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drills with different transition section lengths can be equipped in a drilling site. The purpose is to avoid the axial groove 14 being submerged by water as much as possible, that is, the cone hole screen plate 5 being submerged by water. Bottom-hole blowout-eliminating drills with different transition section lengths can be configured in the same drilling site to adapt to boreholes with different inclination angles. However, it is worth noting that the integrated extraction and blowout-eliminating drill is not suitable for horizontal boreholes and downward inclined boreholes. In this case, the air intake section of the screen hole is submerged by water, loses the air intake function, and can only take in water, making it impossible to extract gas.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner extraction tube 2 consists of an extraction steel pipe 21, a female end support 22, a male end support 23, a first irregular sealing ring 24, a second sealing ring 25, a third sealing ring 26, and a fourth sealing ring 27. One end of the extraction steel pipe 21 is connected to the inner hole of the female end support 22 by a threaded connection and sealed by the second sealing ring 25. The first irregular sealing ring 24 is fastened to the outside of the female end support 22. The male end support 23 is sleeved on the extraction steel pipe 21 and fixed by a spring retainer. Multiple second radial holes 211 are machined on the extraction steel pipe 21 between the third sealing ring 26 and the fourth sealing ring 27.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the air intake transition piece 6 is fitted onto the extraction steel pipe 21 and covers the third sealing ring 26 and the fourth sealing ring 27. The air intake transition piece 6 is an irregularly shaped pipe with four convex ribs, and multiple third radial holes 61 are machined on the four convex ribs.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, the conical screen plate 5 is made by cold extrusion of wear-resistant steel plate into U-shaped arc plate strip. Numerous conical screen holes 51 with smaller outer diameters and larger inner diameters are processed on the conical screen plate 5. Although the conical screen holes 51 are mainly used for air intake, a small amount of coal slag and coal dust particles will also enter the screen holes. The screen holes are designed as conical holes to prevent coal slag and coal dust particles from bridging and clogging the conical holes. The coal slag and coal dust accumulated outside the conical holes can be cleaned in a timely manner through the aforementioned axial cleaning nozzle 4.

[0074] like Figure 1-6As shown, the air intake transition piece 6 is fitted onto the extraction steel pipe 21 and covers the third sealing ring 26 and the fourth sealing ring 27. The first radial hole 141, the second radial hole 211, and the third radial hole 61 are coaxial, have the same diameter, and are of the same number. During processing, the holes are drilled in one go. After applying glue to the first radial hole 141, the second radial hole 21, and the third radial hole 61 located on different components, they are tightly fitted and driven into the cross-border air intake pipe 7. The cross-border air intake pipe 7 spans the two interfaces between the three components, realizing that the radial air intake channel passes through the axial supply channel and connects with the axial extraction channel. The conical hole screen plate 5 is placed in the axial groove 14 and fixed in the axial groove 14 by welding or other methods.

[0075] As shown in Figure 7-a, the spring-loaded spool valve assembly 8 consists of a sliding ring 81, a spring 82, a damping tube 83, a positioning support 84, and a limiting ring 85. The sliding ring 81, spring 82, damping tube 83, positioning support 84, and limiting ring 85 are installed in the flow channel between the multi-functional rod 1 and the extraction steel pipe 21. A sliding seal 811 and a guide ring 812 are installed on the outer circumference of the sliding ring 81. The sliding seal 811 can be a combination of a Glyd ring and an O-ring. The guide ring 812 is made of a high-polymer wear-resistant sleeve. The outer circumference of the sliding ring 81 is provided with… The annular flow groove 813 and multiple radial flow holes 814 cooperate to provide instantaneous flow to the axial unblocking nozzle during the movement of the sliding ring 81, thereby flushing and unblocking the tapered screen plate 5. A control surface 815 is provided on the flow-facing surface of the sliding ring 81. The control surface 815 can be an arc groove, a V-shaped groove, an outer chamfered bevel, or an inner chamfered bevel. Changing the shape of the control surface can change the force on the compression spring 82. Changing the shape and structure of the control surface 815 helps to select a compression spring 82 of appropriate size.

[0076] As shown in Figure 7-b, a limiting step 816 is provided in the stepped inner hole of the sliding ring 81. The limiting step 816 cooperates with the damping tube 83. When the damping tube 83 and the limiting step 816 come into contact and match, the compression spring 82 stops compressing and the radial cavity nozzle 3 starts to jet. After the compression spring 82 is installed, it needs to have a certain preload. The compression spring 82 must not move when the low pressure is supplied.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown in -a, when the low-pressure supply is applied, the spring 82 does not move, and the drill bit 9 is supplied to the ring supply, which is the drilling condition.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown in -b, in the initial stage of high-pressure supply, the compression spring 82 is compressed, the damping tube 83 enters the inner hole of the sliding ring 81, generating fluid resistance, which forces the fluid to be supplied to the axial unblocking nozzle 4 through the radial flow hole 814 and the flow groove 813, instantly cleaning the cone hole screen plate 5, i.e. the unblocking condition.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown in -c, when the high pressure is supplied, the spring 82 is compressed into place, and the damping tube 83 and the limiting step 816 are in contact, forcing the fluid to be supplied only to the radial cavity nozzle 3, which is the hydraulic cavity-making condition.

[0080] like Figure 8-9 As shown, Figure 9 Other feasible solutions and work position diagrams for the slide valve assembly of the integrated bottom hole extraction and blowout elimination drill tool of the present invention, to achieve... Figure 8 The three working conditions shown are illustrated, and there are other feasible solutions: such as Figure 9 As shown in -a, a prestressed tension spring can be used to replace the compression spring 82. The tension spring is installed at the opposite end of the sliding ring 81. The so-called prestressed tension spring is generated by the spring processing technology to produce the required prestress in the spring, such as... Figure 9 As shown in -b, the shape and structure of the damping tube 83 can be changed. The limiting step is set at the end of the sliding ring. The inventor has given several variations, which are generally understandable and comprehensible to those skilled in the art, and no further component labeling is required. These variations are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0081] like Figure 10 As shown, the annular flow-initiating and closing drill bit 9 consists of a pressure bar drill bit 91, an anti-backflow inner tube 92, and a lost cover 93. The anti-backflow inner tube 92 is inserted into the inner cavity of the pressure bar drill bit 91. The annular gap between the pressure bar drill bit 91 and the anti-backflow inner tube 92 is the annular flow-initiating channel. A lost cover 93 is placed between the end of the anti-backflow inner tube 92 and the bottom of the pressure bar drill bit 91. The anti-backflow inner tube 92 consists of a second irregular sealing ring 921, a support ring 922, a short-connecting inner tube 923, a tension spring 924, a sliding ring 925, and a fixing ring 926. The second irregular sealing ring 921 is fastened to one end of the support ring 922, and the short-connecting inner tube 923 is... One end of the 23 is inserted into the inner hole of the other end of the support ring 922. The tension spring 924, the sliding ring 925, and the fixing ring 926 are sequentially sleeved on the short-connecting inner tube 923. The two ends of the tension spring 924 are connected to the support ring 922 and the sliding ring 925 respectively through spring threads. The spring threads referred to here are semi-circular threads, which can be screwed onto the tension spring 924 to install the pressure spring 924. One end of the pressure bar drill bit 91 is provided with a drill bit female thread 911 connected to the aforementioned male thread 12, and the other end is equipped with a rotating pressure bar 912 through a pin. A cutting blade is installed on the rotating pressure bar 912. Figure 10 -a shows the component drawings and assembly drawings of the anti-backflow inner tube 92. Figure 10 -b represents two positions of the ring-supply drill bit 9: the former is the anti-backflow position, and the latter is the supply position.

[0082] like Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic and workstation diagram of other feasible schemes for the ring-feed start-stop drill bit, in which... Figure 11-a shows two work position diagrams for the anti-backflow inner tube with the tension spring guided by the inner wall of the pressure rod drill bit 91. Figure 11 -b shows two work position diagrams for the anti-backflow inner tube with the compression spring guided by the inner wall of the pressure rod drill bit 91. Figure 11 -c represents two work position diagrams for the anti-backflow inner tube with the compression spring guided by the short-circuit inner tube 923. In these schemes, the structure of the pressure rod drill bit 91 remains unchanged, only the type and installation position of the spring change. Since general technicians can understand this, detailed component labeling is no longer required.

[0083] If this patent uses terms such as "first" and "second" to define components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and the above terms have no special meaning.

[0084] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "center", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0086] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with integrated flow supply, self-cleaning, and plug-free design for through-layer drilling, characterized in that: It includes a multi-functional rod body (1), an inner extraction tube (2), a radial cavity nozzle (3), an axial unblocking nozzle (4), a conical hole screen plate (5), an air intake transition piece (6), a cross-border air intake pipe (7), a spring slide valve assembly (8), and a ring-flow opening and closing drill bit (9). The multifunctional rod (1) is equipped with a radial cavity-creating nozzle (3), an axial unblocking nozzle (4), and a conical hole screen plate (5). The conical hole screen plate (5) is processed with numerous conical screen holes (51). The radial cavity-creating nozzle (3) realizes the cavity-creating and permeability-enhancing function, the axial unblocking nozzle (4) realizes the unblocking function of the screen holes, and the conical hole screen plate (5) realizes the air intake function of the screen holes. The annular gap between the multifunctional rod (1) and the inner extraction tube (2) is the annular supply channel, the central hole of the inner extraction tube (2) is the axial air extraction channel, and the inner hole of the cross-border air inlet pipe (7) is the radial air inlet channel. The air intake transition piece (6) is fitted onto the extraction inner tube (2); The spring slide valve assembly (8) is located in the annular flow channel between the multifunctional rod body (1) and the extraction inner tube (2) to achieve self-cleaning of the cone hole screen plate strip; The ring-flow start-stop drill bit (9) is connected to one end of the multi-functional rod body (1); The spring-loaded spool valve assembly (8) consists of a sliding ring (81), a spring (82), a damping tube (83), a positioning support (84), and a limiting retaining ring (85); The sliding ring (81), the compression spring (82) and the damping tube (83) are sequentially arranged between the limiting ring (85) and the positioning support (84). The compression spring (82) is located outside the damping tube (83), and one end of the compression spring (82) is connected to one end of the sliding ring (81). A sliding seal (811) and a guide ring (812) are installed on the outer circle of the sliding ring (81). An annular flow groove (813) and multiple radial flow holes (814) are provided on the outer circle of the sliding ring (81). An energy control surface (815) is provided on the flow-facing surface of the sliding ring (81). A limit step (816) is provided in the stepped inner hole of the sliding ring (81). The sliding ring (81) and the damping tube (83) move relative to each other, forming three working conditions: When the low-pressure supply is applied, the pressure spring (82) does not move, and the current is supplied to the ring supply to open and close the drill bit (9), which is the drilling operation. During the high-pressure supply, the compression spring (82) is compressed, and the damping tube (83) enters the inner hole of the sliding ring (81), forcing the fluid to flow through the radial flow hole (814) and the flow groove (813) to the axial unblocking nozzle (4), instantly cleaning the cone hole screen plate (5), which is the unblocking condition; When the high pressure is supplied, the pressure spring (82) is compressed into place, and the damping tube (83) and the limiting step (816) are in contact, forcing the fluid to be supplied only to the radial cavity nozzle (3), which is the hydraulic cavity-making condition.

2. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the multifunctional rod body (1) are respectively machined with a female buckle (11) and a male buckle (12) that can cooperate with each other, and a first sealing ring (121) is installed on the male buckle end. The male buckle (12) is connected to the ring-supply flow start-stop drill bit (9), and the female buckle (11) is connected to the matching ring-supply flow high-pressure sealing drill rod.

3. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Four axial ribs (13) are provided at one end of the multifunctional rod (1) near the female buckle (11). Radial cavity nozzle (3) and axial unclogging nozzle (4) are installed on two of the axial ribs (13), while only axial unclogging nozzle (4) is installed on the other two axial ribs (13).

4. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The axial rib (13) is welded with a cutting tooth (131) near the female buckle end, and the axial rib (13) is provided with a slanted groove (132) with the function of crushing and conveying.

5. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multifunctional rod body (1) has four axial grooves (14) near the male buckle (12). The number of axial grooves (14) and axial ribs (13) are the same and they correspond axially. Multiple first radial holes (141) are machined in the axial grooves (14). A tapered hole sieve strip (5) with an irregular cross section is embedded and welded in the axial grooves (14).

6. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply and self-cleaning features as described in claim 5, characterized in that, There is a transition rod (15) between the axial rib (13) and the axial groove (14). The outer shape of the transition rod (15) adopts the outer shape of various existing drill rods. The length of the transition rod (15) is related to the drilling angle. The larger the drilling angle, the shorter the length of the transition rod, and vice versa.

7. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The extraction inner tube (2) is composed of an extraction steel pipe (21), a female end support (22), a male end support (23), a first irregular sealing ring (24), a second sealing ring (25), a third sealing ring (26) and a fourth sealing ring (27); One end of the extraction steel pipe (21) is connected to the inner hole of the female end support (22) by a threaded connection and sealed by a second sealing ring (25). A first irregular sealing ring (24) is installed and fastened on the outside of the female end support (22). The male end support (23) is sleeved on the extraction steel pipe (21) and fixed by a spring retaining ring. The second sealing ring (25), the third sealing ring (26) and the fourth sealing ring (27) are installed at different positions on the extraction steel pipe (21), and a plurality of second radial holes (211) are machined on the extraction steel pipe (21) between the third sealing ring (26) and the fourth sealing ring (27).

8. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The air intake transition piece (6) is fitted onto the extraction steel pipe (21) and covers the third sealing ring (26) and the fourth sealing ring (27). The air intake transition piece (6) has multiple third radial holes (61) machined radially.

9. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first radial hole (141), the second radial hole (211) and the third radial hole (61) are coaxial, have the same diameter and the same number, and are drilled in one go during processing.

10. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply and self-cleaning features as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After applying adhesive to the first radial hole (141), the second radial hole (211) and the third radial hole (61) located on different components, the cross-border air intake pipe (7) is tightly fitted and driven into the pipe, which crosses the two interfaces between the three components, so that the radial air intake channel passes through the axial supply channel and connects with the axial exhaust channel.

11. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply and self-cleaning features as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spring valve assembly (8) is replaced by a prestressed tension spring valve assembly.

12. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply and self-cleaning features as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The ring-feed start-stop drill bit (9) consists of a pressure bar drill bit (91), an anti-backflow inner tube (92), and a lost cover (93); The anti-backflow inner tube (92) is inserted into the inner cavity of the pressure bar drill bit (91). The annular gap between the pressure bar drill bit (91) and the anti-backflow inner tube (92) is a ring flow channel. A lost cover (93) is placed between the end of the anti-backflow inner tube (92) and the bottom of the pressure bar drill bit (91).

13. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 12, characterized in that, One end of the pressure bar drill bit (91) is provided with a drill bit female buckle (911) connected to the male buckle (12), and the other end is equipped with a rotating pressure bar (912) through a pin. A cutting blade is installed on the rotating pressure bar.

14. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with flow supply and self-cleaning properties for through-layer drilling rings as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The anti-backflow inner tube (92) is composed of a second irregular sealing ring (921), a support ring (922), a short-connecting inner tube (923), a tension spring (924), a sliding ring (925), and a fixing ring (926); The second irregular sealing ring (921) is fastened to one end of the support ring (922), and the short-connecting inner tube (923) is inserted into the inner hole of the other end of the support ring (922). The tension spring (924), the sliding ring (925) and the fixing ring (926) are sequentially sleeved on the short-connecting inner tube (923), wherein the two ends of the tension spring (924) are connected to the support ring (922) and the sliding ring (925) respectively through spring buckles.

15. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling ring supply and self-cleaning features as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The support ring (922) is fixed to the root of the drill bit nut (911) by a spring retainer, and the fixing ring (926) is fixed to the inner cavity of the pressure bar drill bit (91) by a set screw.

16. The integrated bottom-hole extraction and blowout-eliminating drilling tool with cross-layer drilling annular supply and self-cleaning features described in claim 15, characterized in that, The tension spring (924) is replaced by a compression spring.

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