A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically to a method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool. Inspired by the structure of a pangolin, this invention creates a scale-like microstructure on the surface of the cutting tool. The presence of this scale-like structure not only effectively improves the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting tool, but also, due to the gaps between adjacent scale structures, effectively enhances the heat dissipation performance of the cutting tool, effectively reducing the probability of damage due to excessive temperature during continuous operation, and extending the service life of the cutting tool to a certain extent. The cutting tool of this invention, through the synergistic effect of its surface scale-like structure, titanium nitride coating, titanium carbide nitride coating, and composite coating, not only effectively improves the wear resistance of the biomimetic cutting tool, but also improves its heat dissipation performance to a certain extent, effectively ensuring its quality while extending its service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically to a method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] Cutting tools are tools used for cutting processes in mechanical manufacturing. Since the tools used in mechanical manufacturing are primarily for cutting metal materials, the term "tool" is generally understood to refer to metal cutting tools. Tool materials can be broadly categorized as follows: high-speed steel, cemented carbide, cermet, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

[0003] Pangolin scales are not only effective tools for digging and removing soil, but also play an important protective role. Pangolin scales have a certain curvature and a macroscopically non-smooth outer surface, forming a typical two-way, equal-strength plate-shell structure with a certain degree of resilience. They are both strong and wear-resistant, and also facilitate soil removal and desiccation. Due to these excellent properties, the application of pangolin scales in the field of cutting tools can significantly improve the wear resistance of cutting tools. Furthermore, while commercially available cutting tools possess certain cutting performance, their heat dissipation is relatively insufficient. During continuous operation, they may be damaged due to excessive temperature, thus shortening their service life and affecting their overall quality.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool to solve such technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool. The cutting tool of this invention, through the synergistic effect of its surface scaly structure, titanium nitride coating, titanium carbide nitride coating and composite coating, not only effectively improves the wear resistance of the biomimetic cutting tool, but also improves its heat dissipation performance to a certain extent, effectively ensuring its quality while extending its service life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Perform micro-blasting on the cutting tool to remove the oxide layer on its surface. Then, immerse the cutting tool in anhydrous ethanol and acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 20-30 minutes respectively. After cleaning, remove the cutting tool and wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with nitrogen. Then, transfer the cutting tool to a vacuum drying equipment for thorough drying. After drying, store the cutting tool for later use. The material of the cutting tool is any one of cemented carbide, cermet, non-metallic ceramic, PCD, or CBN.

[0009] Step 2: Using a laser marking machine, a scale-like microstructure resembling the back of a pangolin is machined in the chip contact area of ​​the cutting tool body. The relevant parameters of the scale structure are as follows: both the inner and outer layers of the scale structure are curved parabolic structures, with the acute angle between the inner curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 38–43°; the acute angle between the outer curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 40–45°; the bottom of the scale structure is a curved trapezoid, with the angle between the upper base and the two curved sides being 102–106°; and the length ratio of the two parallel upper and lower bases of the curved trapezoid being 1.1–1.25.

[0010] Step 3: After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment, and then vacuum dried; stored for later use.

[0011] Step 4: A titanium nitride coating is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool treated in Step 3 using a chemical vapor deposition process. Then, a titanium carbide coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium nitride coating using a medium-temperature chemical vapor deposition process. The thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.2–0.4 μm, and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 3–5 μm.

[0012] Step 5: A composite coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium carbide coating using atomic deposition method, and the final product is the biomimetic cutting tool. The composite coating is composed of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres deposited alternately in a thickness ratio of 2:1, and the total thickness of the composite coating is 5-8 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide microspheres includes the following steps: ammonium molybdate is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.005–0.01 g / mL, and then ethylene glycol with a volume of 0.4–0.8 times that of deionized water is added. After mixing and stirring evenly, sulfur powder with a mass of 0.3–0.6% deionized water and a particle size of 80–100 nm is added to the resulting first mixture. After mechanical stirring for 20–30 min, the temperature of the resulting second mixture is raised to 170–200 °C at a rate of 3–5 °C / min, and the mixture is kept at this temperature for 20–30 h. After the reaction is completed, the resulting product components are naturally cooled to room temperature. After filtration, the resulting filter cake is washed three times alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then vacuum dried to obtain the final molybdenum disulfide microsphere product.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for preparing the alumina microspheres includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Add 70-80% aluminum ammonium carbonate and 50-70% sodium chloride by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone to an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone at a temperature of 55-65℃ and a concentration of 40-60 g / L, respectively, and mix and stir at a rate of 2500-3500 r / min for 20-30 min. After stirring is completed, transfer the resulting first dispersion to a vacuum distillation apparatus and distill under reduced pressure until the final volume is 12-15% of the first dispersion.

[0016] S2. Inject the product component obtained in step one into a mold and raise the temperature to 90-95°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min to completely remove the anhydrous ethanol from the product component and recover the anhydrous ethanol; then transfer the obtained alumina microsphere precursor into a high-temperature calcination device for gradient pressure reaction for 3 hours.

[0017] S3. After the pressurized reaction is completed, the pressure is slowly released at a rate of 3-5 MPa / min and a gradient sintering reaction is carried out for 5 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained solid material is transferred into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product components are filtered, and the obtained filter cake is vacuum dried to finally obtain porous alumina microspheres.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure of the vacuum distillation reaction is set to 55% of atmospheric pressure, and the temperature is set to 85°C.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific operation method for applying the gradient pressure is as follows:

[0020] The first gradient pressure was set to 0.2 MPa, and the time was set to 8 min.

[0021] The second gradient pressure was set to 0.7 MPa, and the time was set to 12 min.

[0022] The third gradient pressure is set to 3 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min.

[0023] The fourth gradient pressure is set to 11 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min.

[0024] The fifth gradient pressure is set to 15 MPa, and the time is the remaining time.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific operation method of the gradient sintering reaction is as follows:

[0026] The first gradient temperature is set to 140℃, and the time is set to 15min;

[0027] The second gradient temperature was set to 210℃, and the time was set to 25min.

[0028] The third gradient temperature was set to 270℃, and the time was set to 50min.

[0029] The fourth gradient temperature was set to 350℃, and the time was set to 55min;

[0030] The fifth gradient temperature is set to 400℃, and the time is the remaining time.

[0031] Furthermore, the ultrasonic response employs a gradient ultrasonic response, and the gradient procedure of the gradient ultrasonic response is as follows:

[0032] The first gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 3.5 kHz, the temperature to 43 ℃, and the time to 8 min.

[0033] The second gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 11 kHz, the temperature to 55 ℃, and the time to 15 min.

[0034] The third gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 23 kHz, the temperature to 73 ℃, and the time to 25 min.

[0035] The fourth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 33kHz, the temperature to 88℃, and the time to 40min.

[0036] The fifth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 40kHz, the temperature to 95℃, and the time to the remaining time.

[0037] Furthermore, the cutting tool body can be either a milling cutter or a drill bit.

[0038] Furthermore, the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 200–260 nm.

[0039] Furthermore, the alumina microspheres have a particle size of 90–120 nm.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] Inspired by the biological structure of pangolins, this invention creates a scale-like microstructure on the surface of cutting tools. The presence of the scale-like structure not only effectively improves the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting tools, but also enhances the heat dissipation performance of the cutting tools due to the gaps between adjacent scale structures. This effectively reduces the probability of the cutting tools being damaged due to excessive temperature during continuous operation, and to a certain extent extends the service life of the cutting tools.

[0042] Furthermore, in this invention, a titanium nitride coating, a titanium carbide coating, and a composite coating formed by alternating deposition of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres are sequentially deposited on the surface of the cutting tool from the inside out. The presence of the titanium nitride coating and titanium carbide effectively improves the wear resistance of the cutting tool. In the composite coating formed by molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres, the nano-alumina microspheres can be effectively deposited on the relatively rough surface of the molybdenum disulfide microspheres, thereby forming a "ball" structure with excellent lubrication properties, effectively improving the wear resistance of the cutting tool. In addition, due to the different sizes of the molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres, there is a certain gap between them. Combined with the porous structure of the alumina microspheres, this significantly improves the heat dissipation performance of the cutting tool and extends its service life.

[0043] In summary, the cutting tool of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of its surface scaly structure, titanium nitride coating, titanium carbide coating and composite coating, not only effectively improves the wear resistance of the biomimetic cutting tool, but also improves its heat dissipation performance to a certain extent, effectively ensuring its quality while extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic cutting tool in this invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal section diagram of a partial structure of the biomimetic cutting tool in this invention (excluding titanium nitride coating, titanium carbide nitride coating, and composite coating);

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the scale structure in this invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the scale structure in this invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the scale bottom structure in this invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a partial longitudinal section diagram of the overall structure of the biomimetic cutting tool in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Perform micro-blasting on the cutting tool to remove the oxide layer on its surface. Then, immerse the cutting tool in anhydrous ethanol and acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes each. After cleaning, remove the cutting tool and wash it with deionized water and dry it with nitrogen. Then, transfer the cutting tool to a vacuum drying equipment for thorough drying. After drying, store the cutting tool for later use. The cutting tool body is a milling cutter. The material of the cutting tool is cemented carbide, and its specific composition is: 12wt% Co, 18wt% Ti, 10wt% Ta cubic carbonitride, and the balance is WC powder.

[0054] Step 2: Using a laser marking machine, a scale-like microstructure resembling the back of a pangolin is machined in the chip contact area of ​​the cutting tool body. The relevant parameters of the scale structure are as follows: both the inner and outer layers of the scale structure are curved parabolic structures, with the acute angle between the inner curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 38°; the acute angle between the outer curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 40°; the bottom of the scale structure is a curved trapezoid, with the angle between the upper base and the two curved sides being 102–106°, and the length ratio of the two parallel upper and lower bases being 1.1.

[0055] Step 3: After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment, and then vacuum dried; stored for later use.

[0056] Step 4: A titanium nitride coating is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool treated in Step 3 using a chemical vapor deposition process. Then, a titanium carbide coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium nitride coating using a medium-temperature chemical vapor deposition process. The thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.2 μm, and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 3 μm.

[0057] Step 5: A composite coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium carbide coating using atomic deposition method. The final product is the biomimetic cutting tool. The composite coating is composed of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres deposited alternately in a thickness ratio of 2:1. The total thickness of the composite coating is 5 μm.

[0058] The preparation method of molybdenum disulfide microspheres includes the following steps: ammonium molybdate is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.005 g / mL, and then ethylene glycol with a volume of 0.4 times that of deionized water is added. After mixing and stirring evenly, sulfur powder with a mass of 0.3% deionized water and a particle size of 80 nm is added to the resulting first mixture. After mechanical stirring for 20 min, the temperature of the resulting second mixture is raised to 170 °C at a rate of 3 °C / min, and kept at this temperature for 20 h. After the reaction is completed, the resulting product components are naturally cooled to room temperature. After filtration, the resulting filter cake is washed three times alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then vacuum dried to finally obtain molybdenum disulfide microspheres with an average particle size of 200 nm.

[0059] The preparation method of alumina microspheres includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Add 70% aluminum ammonium carbonate and 50% sodium chloride by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone to an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone at a temperature of 55℃ and a concentration of 40g / L, and stir at a rate of 2500r / min for 20min. After stirring is completed, transfer the resulting first dispersion to a vacuum distillation apparatus and distill under reduced pressure until the final volume is 12% of the first dispersion.

[0061] S2. The product component obtained in step one is injected into a mold, and the temperature is raised to 90°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min to completely remove the anhydrous ethanol from the product component and recover the anhydrous ethanol; then the obtained alumina microsphere precursor is transferred to a high-temperature calcination device for gradient pressure reaction for 3 hours.

[0062] S3. After the pressurized reaction is completed, the pressure is slowly released at a rate of 3 MPa / min and a gradient sintering reaction is carried out for 5 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained solid material is transferred into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product components are filtered, and the obtained filter cake is vacuum dried to finally obtain porous alumina microspheres with an average particle size of 90 nm.

[0063] The pressure for the vacuum distillation reaction was set to 55% of atmospheric pressure, and the temperature was set to 85°C.

[0064] The specific operation method for gradient pressure is as follows:

[0065] The first gradient pressure was set to 0.2 MPa, and the time was set to 8 min.

[0066] The second gradient pressure was set to 0.7 MPa, and the time was set to 12 min.

[0067] The third gradient pressure is set to 3 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min.

[0068] The fourth gradient pressure is set to 11 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min.

[0069] The fifth gradient pressure is set to 15 MPa, and the time is the remaining time.

[0070] The specific operation method of gradient sintering reaction is as follows:

[0071] The first gradient temperature is set to 140℃, and the time is set to 15min;

[0072] The second gradient temperature was set to 210℃, and the time was set to 25min.

[0073] The third gradient temperature was set to 270℃, and the time was set to 50min.

[0074] The fourth gradient temperature was set to 350℃, and the time was set to 55min;

[0075] The fifth gradient temperature is set to 400℃, and the time is the remaining time.

[0076] The ultrasonic response employs a gradient ultrasonic response, and the gradient procedure for the gradient ultrasonic response is as follows:

[0077] The first gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 3.5 kHz, the temperature to 43 ℃, and the time to 8 min.

[0078] The second gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 11 kHz, the temperature to 55 ℃, and the time to 15 min.

[0079] The third gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 23 kHz, the temperature to 73 ℃, and the time to 25 min.

[0080] The fourth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 33kHz, the temperature to 88℃, and the time to 40min.

[0081] The fifth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 40kHz, the temperature to 95℃, and the time to the remaining time.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] In this embodiment, the relevant reaction parameters in the vacuum distillation reaction, gradient sintering reaction, and ultrasonic reaction during the preparation of alumina microspheres are the same as in Example 1, and the preparation method of the biomimetic cutting tool is basically the same as in Example 1. The difference lies in the slightly different preparation methods of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres, and the specific parameters in the preparation process of the biomimetic cutting tool are also different. The specific preparation method of the biomimetic cutting tool in this embodiment is as follows:

[0084] A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 1: Perform micro-blasting on the cutting tool to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the cutting tool. Then, immerse the cutting tool in anhydrous ethanol and acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 25 minutes respectively. After cleaning, remove the cutting tool and wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with nitrogen. Then, transfer the cutting tool to a vacuum drying equipment for thorough drying. After drying, store the cutting tool for later use. The cutting tool body is a milling cutter.

[0086] Step 2: Using a laser marking machine, a scale-like microstructure resembling the back of a pangolin is machined in the chip contact area of ​​the cutting tool body. The relevant parameters of the scale structure are as follows: both the inner and outer layers of the scale structure are curved parabolic structures, with the acute angle between the inner curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 40°; the acute angle between the outer curved surface and the cutting tool surface being 43°; the bottom of the scale structure is a curved trapezoid, with the angle between the upper base and the two curved sides being 104°, and the length ratio of the two parallel upper and lower bases being 1.2.

[0087] Step 3: After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment, and then vacuum dried; stored for later use.

[0088] Step 4: A titanium nitride coating is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool treated in Step 3 using a chemical vapor deposition process. Then, a titanium carbide coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium nitride coating using a medium-temperature chemical vapor deposition process. The thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.3 μm, and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 4 μm.

[0089] Step 5: A composite coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium carbide coating using atomic deposition method. The final product is the biomimetic cutting tool. The composite coating is composed of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres deposited alternately in a thickness ratio of 2:1. The total thickness of the composite coating is 6μm.

[0090] The preparation method of molybdenum disulfide microspheres includes the following steps: ammonium molybdate is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.008 g / mL, and then ethylene glycol with a volume of 0.6 times that of deionized water is added. After mixing and stirring evenly, sulfur powder with a mass of 0.5% deionized water and a particle size of 90 nm is added to the resulting first mixture. After mechanical stirring for 25 min, the temperature of the resulting second mixture is raised to 190 °C at a rate of 4 °C / min, and kept at this temperature for 25 h. After the reaction is completed, the resulting product components are naturally cooled to room temperature. After filtration, the resulting filter cake is washed three times alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then vacuum dried to finally obtain molybdenum disulfide microspheres with an average particle size of 240 nm.

[0091] The preparation method of alumina microspheres includes the following steps:

[0092] S1. Add 75% aluminum ammonium carbonate and 60% sodium chloride by mass to an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone at a temperature of 60℃ and a concentration of 50g / L, and mix and stir at a rate of 3000r / min for 25min. After stirring is completed, transfer the resulting first dispersion to a vacuum distillation apparatus and distill under reduced pressure until the final volume is 13% of the first dispersion.

[0093] S2. The product component obtained in step one is injected into a mold, and the temperature is raised to 93°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min to completely remove the anhydrous ethanol from the product component and recover the anhydrous ethanol; then the obtained alumina microsphere precursor is transferred to a high-temperature calcination device for gradient pressure reaction for 3 hours.

[0094] S3. After the pressurized reaction is completed, the pressure is slowly released at a rate of 4 MPa / min and a gradient sintering reaction is carried out for 5 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained solid material is transferred into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product components are filtered. The obtained filter cake is vacuum dried to finally obtain porous alumina microspheres with an average particle size of 100 nm.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] In this embodiment, the relevant reaction parameters in the vacuum distillation reaction, gradient sintering reaction, and ultrasonic reaction during the preparation of alumina microspheres are the same as in Example 1, and the preparation method of the biomimetic cutting tool is basically the same as in Example 1. The difference lies in the slightly different preparation methods of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres, and the specific parameters in the preparation process of the biomimetic cutting tool are also different. The specific preparation method of the biomimetic cutting tool in this embodiment is as follows:

[0097] A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool includes the following steps:

[0098] Step 1: Perform micro-blasting on the cutting tool to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the cutting tool. Then, immerse the cutting tool in anhydrous ethanol and acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 minutes respectively. After cleaning, remove the cutting tool and wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with nitrogen. Then, transfer the cutting tool to a vacuum drying equipment for thorough drying. After drying, store the cutting tool for later use. The cutting tool body is a milling cutter.

[0099] Step 2: Using a laser marking machine, the pangolin-like scale-like microstructure is processed in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body. The relevant parameters of the scale structure are as follows: the inner and outer layers of the scale structure are both curved parabolic structures, and the acute angle formed by the inner curved slope of the scale structure and the cutting tool surface is 43°; the acute angle formed by the outer curved slope of the scale structure and the cutting tool surface is 45°; the bottom shape of the scale structure is a curved trapezoid, the angle formed by the upper base of the curved trapezoid and the two curved waists is 106°, and the length ratio of the two parallel upper and lower bases of the curved trapezoid is 1.25.

[0100] Step 3: After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment, and then vacuum dried; stored for later use.

[0101] Step 4: A titanium nitride coating is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool treated in Step 3 using a chemical vapor deposition process. Then, a titanium carbide coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium nitride coating using a medium-temperature chemical vapor deposition process. The thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.4 μm, and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 5 μm.

[0102] Step 5: A composite coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium carbide coating using atomic deposition method. The final product is the biomimetic cutting tool. The composite coating is composed of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres deposited alternately in a thickness ratio of 2:1. The total thickness of the composite coating is 8 μm.

[0103] The preparation method of molybdenum disulfide microspheres includes the following steps: ammonium molybdate is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL, and then ethylene glycol with a volume of 0.8 times that of deionized water is added. After mixing and stirring evenly, sulfur powder with a mass of 0.6% deionized water and a particle size of 100 nm is added to the resulting first mixture. After mechanical stirring for 30 min, the temperature of the resulting second mixture is raised to 200 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min, and kept at this temperature for 30 h. After the reaction is completed, the resulting product components are naturally cooled to room temperature. After filtration, the resulting filter cake is washed three times alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then vacuum dried to finally obtain molybdenum disulfide microspheres with an average particle size of 260 nm.

[0104] The preparation method of alumina microspheres includes the following steps:

[0105] S1. Add aluminum ammonium carbonate (80% by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone) and sodium chloride (70% by mass) to an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone at a temperature of 65℃ and a concentration of 60g / L, and mix and stir at a rate of 3500r / min for 30min. After stirring is completed, transfer the resulting first dispersion to a vacuum distillation apparatus and distill under reduced pressure until the final volume is 15% of the first dispersion.

[0106] S2. The product component obtained in step one is injected into a mold, and the temperature is raised to 95°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min to completely remove the anhydrous ethanol from the product component and recover the anhydrous ethanol; then the obtained alumina microsphere precursor is transferred to a high-temperature calcination device for gradient pressure reaction for 3 hours.

[0107] S3. After the pressurized reaction is completed, the pressure is slowly released at a rate of 5 MPa / min and a gradient sintering reaction is carried out for 5 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained solid material is transferred into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product components are filtered. The obtained filter cake is vacuum dried to finally obtain porous alumina microspheres with an average particle size of 120 nm.

[0108] Comparative Example 1: The difference from Example 1 is that the biomimetic cutting tool prepared in this example does not contain a composite coating;

[0109] Comparative Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that the composite coating is replaced by molybdenum disulfide microspheres with a thickness of 5 μm in this example;

[0110] Comparative Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that in this example, alumina microspheres with a thickness of 5 μm are used instead of the composite coating;

[0111] Comparative Example 4: The difference from Example 1 is that this example does not contain a titanium nitride coating;

[0112] Comparative Example 5: The difference from Example 1 is that this example does not contain a titanium carbide coating;

[0113] Performance testing: In conjunction with Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, the biomimetic cutting tool samples of each group were subjected to turning tests as shown in Table 1 and milling tests as shown in Table 2 below, and the obtained test data are recorded in Table 3 below:

[0114] Table 1: Turning Test Standards

[0115] workpiece Cutting speed (m / min) Feed (mm / rev) Depth of cut / mm Cutting method 1Cr18Ni9Ti 180 0.2 1 Dry turning

[0116] Table 2: Milling Test Standards

[0117] workpiece Cutting speed (m / min) Feed (mm / rev) Depth of cut / mm Cut width / mm Cutting method 45# steel 350 0.24 1.5 50 Dry milling

[0118] Table 3: Experimental data for turning and milling

[0119] Testing items Scratch critical load / N Turning life / min Milling life / min Example 1 85 20 35 Example 2 90 25 38 Example 3 87 22 36 Comparative Example 1 57 14 25 Comparative Example 2 65 16 29 Comparative Example 3 70 19 31 Comparative Example 4 79 20 33 Comparative Example 5 68 19 28

[0120] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in Table 3, it can be seen that the cutting tool of the present invention, through the synergistic effect of its surface scaly structure, titanium nitride coating, titanium carbide nitride coating, and composite coating, not only effectively improves the wear resistance of the biomimetic cutting tool, but also improves its heat dissipation performance to a certain extent, effectively ensuring its quality while extending its service life. Therefore, it is evident that the biomimetic cutting tool provided by the present invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for widespread application.

[0121] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0122] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform micro-blasting on the cutting tool to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the cutting tool. Then, immerse the cutting tool in anhydrous ethanol and acetone respectively for ultrasonic cleaning for 20-30 minutes. After cleaning, remove the cutting tool and wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with nitrogen. Then, transfer the cutting tool to a vacuum drying equipment for thorough drying. After drying, store the cutting tool for later use. Step 2: A scale structure is machined in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body using a laser marking machine. The scale structure is a microstructure resembling the scales on the back of a pangolin. The relevant parameters of the scale structure are as follows: both the inner and outer layers of the scale structure are curved parabolic structures, and the acute angle formed between the inner curved surface and the cutting tool surface is 38-43°; the acute angle formed between the outer curved surface and the cutting tool surface is 40-45°; the bottom of the scale structure is a curved trapezoid, and the angle formed between the upper base and the two curved sides is 102-106°. The length ratio of the two parallel upper and lower bases of the curved trapezoid is 1.1-1.

25. Step 3: After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment, and then vacuum dried; stored for later use. Step 4: A titanium nitride coating is deposited on the surface of the cutting tool treated in Step 3 using a chemical vapor deposition process. Then, a titanium carbide coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium nitride coating using a medium-temperature chemical vapor deposition process. The thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.2–0.4 μm, and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 3–5 μm. Step 5: A composite coating is deposited on the surface of the titanium carbide coating using atomic deposition method, and the final product is the biomimetic cutting tool. The composite coating is composed of molybdenum disulfide microspheres and alumina microspheres deposited alternately in a thickness ratio of 2:1, and the total thickness of the composite coating is 5-8 μm.

2. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide microspheres includes the following steps: ammonium molybdate is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.005-0.01 g / mL, and then ethylene glycol with a volume of 0.4-0.8 times that of deionized water is added. After mixing and stirring evenly, sulfur powder with a mass of 0.3-0.6% deionized water and a particle size of 80-100 nm is added to the resulting first mixture. After mechanical stirring for 20-30 min, the temperature of the resulting second mixture is raised to 170-200℃ at a rate of 3-5℃ / min, and the mixture is kept at this temperature for 20-30 h. After the reaction is completed, the resulting product components are naturally cooled to room temperature. After filtration, the resulting filter cake is washed three times alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then vacuum dried to obtain the final molybdenum disulfide microsphere product.

3. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the alumina microspheres includes the following steps: S1. Add 70-80% (by mass) of aluminum ammonium carbonate and 50-70% (by mass) of sodium chloride to an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone at a temperature of 55-65℃ and a concentration of 40-60 g / L, and mix and stir at a rate of 2500-3500 r / min for 20-30 min. After stirring is complete, transfer the resulting first dispersion to a vacuum distillation apparatus and distill under reduced pressure until the final volume is 12-15% of the first dispersion. S2. Inject the product component obtained in step one into a mold and raise the temperature to 90-95°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min to completely remove the anhydrous ethanol from the product component and recover the anhydrous ethanol; then transfer the obtained alumina microsphere precursor into a high-temperature calcination device for gradient pressure reaction for 3 hours. S3. After the pressurized reaction is completed, the pressure is slowly released at a rate of 3-5 MPa / min and a gradient sintering reaction is carried out for 5 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained solid material is transferred into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product components are filtered, and the obtained filter cake is vacuum dried to finally obtain porous alumina microspheres.

4. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure for the vacuum distillation reaction is set to 55% of atmospheric pressure, and the temperature is set to 85°C.

5. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation method of the gradient pressurization is as follows: The first gradient pressure was set to 0.2 MPa, and the time was set to 8 min. The second gradient pressure was set to 0.7 MPa, and the time was set to 12 min. The third gradient pressure is set to 3 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min. The fourth gradient pressure is set to 11 MPa, and the time is set to 25 min. The fifth gradient pressure is set to 15 MPa, and the time is the remaining time.

6. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation method of the gradient sintering reaction is as follows: The first gradient temperature is set to 140℃, and the time is set to 15min; The second gradient temperature was set to 210℃, and the time was set to 25min. The third gradient temperature was set to 270℃, and the time was set to 50min. The fourth gradient temperature was set to 350℃, and the time was set to 55min; The fifth gradient temperature is set to 400℃, and the time is the remaining time.

7. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ultrasonic response employs a gradient ultrasonic response, and the specific operation method of the gradient ultrasonic response is as follows: The first gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 3.5 kHz, the temperature to 43 ℃, and the time to 8 min. The second gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 11 kHz, the temperature to 55 ℃, and the time to 15 min. The third gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 23 kHz, the temperature to 73 ℃, and the time to 25 min. The fourth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 33kHz, the temperature to 88℃, and the time to 40min. The fifth gradient ultrasound frequency was set to 40kHz, the temperature to 95℃, and the time to the remaining time.

8. The method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting tool body can be either a milling cutter or a drill bit.

9. A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the molybdenum disulfide is 200–260 nm.

10. A method for preparing a biomimetic cutting tool according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The alumina microspheres have a particle size of 90–120 nm.

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