A tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism

Abstract

A tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism comprises a connecting platform (41), a transverse slider (45) and an upper transverse shaft (34); and further comprises two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right and two tension spring mechanisms arranged front and back, wherein the anti-bending compression spring mechanism comprises a compression spring (43) and a guide shaft (42), and the tension spring mechanism comprises a tension spring (44) and a clamping member (455). The two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right and the two tension spring mechanisms arranged front and back work in coordination to automatically adjust the potential barrier. Compared with a traditional bistable mechanism with a fixed potential barrier, it is easier to achieve inter-well oscillation, thereby expanding the motion amplitude and improving the energy capture efficiency. Furthermore, since the compression spring is sleeved on the guide shaft to achieve anti-bending, the instability phenomenon of compression bending is avoided. At the same time, the tension spring mechanism will not become unstable during the working process, and the working stability of the self-adjusting bistable mechanism is relatively strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of renewable energy in marine engineering, and in particular relates to a tension-compression combined self-regulating bistable mechanism. Background Art

[0002] As a high-quality new renewable energy source, ocean wave energy offers advantages such as safety, cleanliness, high energy density, and low transmission losses. However, conventional linear wave energy converters have low energy capture efficiency. Furthermore, wave energy converters that use hydraulics for energy transmission struggle to meet efficiency and reliability requirements. One approach to improving energy harvesting in conventional linear wave energy converters is to incorporate a bistable mechanism. However, due to the irregularity of waves, it is difficult for them to cross the "potential barrier" and move between wells when the wave excitation is low. Instead, they move within the well, resulting in low energy capture efficiency. Bistable mechanisms are mostly implemented using springs, and a single coil spring is prone to bending and becoming unstable when compressed. Self-regulating bistable mechanisms composed solely of compression springs have poor stability and are difficult to disassemble and assemble, while also having low space utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism. The two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right and the two tension spring mechanisms arranged in the front and back work together to automatically adjust the potential barrier. Compared with the traditional bistable mechanism with fixed potential barriers, it is easier to achieve inter-well oscillation, thereby expanding the motion amplitude and improving the energy capture efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism, comprising a connecting platform 41, a transverse slider 45 and an upper transverse axis 34; further comprising two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right and two tension spring mechanisms arranged on the front and back, wherein the anti-bending compression spring mechanism comprises a compression spring 43 and a guide shaft 42, and the tension spring mechanism comprises a tension spring 44 and a clamping member 455; the connecting platform 41 comprises a platform main board 411, a pivot connection 412, a rack fixing member 413 and a guide connecting plate 414, a top threaded hole is provided at the center of the upper surface of the guide connecting plate 414, the guide connecting plate 414 is fixed to the upper surface of the platform main board 411, and mounting grooves are respectively provided at the centers of both sides of the platform main board 411, and one end of the pivot connection 412 is rotatably installed on the mounting groove through a pin. In the mounting groove, a first avoidance groove is provided on the guide connecting plate 414 at a position corresponding to the mounting groove; the pivot connecting member 412 includes a pivot sleeve 4121, a connecting cylinder 4122 and a fixed sleeve 4123, and the pivot sleeve 4121 is rotatably installed in the mounting groove through the pin shaft, and one side of the pivot sleeve 4121 is connected to one end of the fixed sleeve 4123 through the connecting cylinder 4122; the rack fixing member 413 is installed on the lower surface of the platform main board 411, and a second avoidance groove is provided on the rack fixing member 413 at a position corresponding to the mounting groove, and the pivot sleeve 4121 rotates in the rotation space formed by the first avoidance groove, the mounting groove and the second avoidance groove through the pin shaft.

[0006] The upper horizontal axis 34 includes two parallel optical axes, which are distributed on the front and rear sides of the connecting platform 41. The horizontal slider 45 is provided with two identical groups, which are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting platform 41 and mounted on the upper horizontal axis 34; the horizontal slider 45 includes a slider body 451, a first linear bearing 452, an articulated sleeve 453 and a second linear bearing 454. The slider body 451 is in the shape of a long strip, and the cross section of the slider body 451 is a convex shape placed laterally. The slider body 451 is divided into a raised portion and a main body portion. A straight groove 4511 is provided in the center of the raised portion of the slider body 451, and a semicircular groove 4512 is provided in the center of one side of the main body portion of the slider body 451. The semicircular groove 4512 is used to accommodate the articulated sleeve 453, and the straight groove 4511 corresponds to and intersects with the semicircular groove 4512. The intersecting portion The first and second clamping members 4551, 4552 are respectively in contact with the front and rear inner walls of the square through-slot 4513, and the transverse axis 4554 is connected to the first and second clamping members 4551, 4552. The end of the tension spring 44 is mounted on the transverse axis 4554. The third clamping member 4553 is L-shaped and is used to simultaneously clamp the first and second clamping members 4551, 4552 into the square through-slot 4513.The hinge sleeve 453 includes an arc portion 4531 and a cylindrical portion 4532. The arc portion 4531 includes a flat end and an arc end. One end of the cylindrical portion 4532 is connected to the flat end of the arc portion 4531. The arc end of the arc portion 4531 is placed in the semicircular groove 4512. The second linear bearing 454 is inserted into the interior of the cylindrical portion 4532 from the other end of the cylindrical portion 4532. A through hole 4533 is opened in the center of the arc portion 4531 to allow the guide shaft 42 to pass through. One end of the guide shaft 42 is fixed in the fixed sleeve 4123, and the other end of the guide shaft 42 is sequentially The first linear bearing 452 is suspended after passing through the through hole 4533 of the compression spring 43, the second linear bearing 454, and the hinge sleeve 453. One end of the compression spring 43 is connected to the pivot connector 412, and the other end of the compression spring 43 is connected to the second linear bearing 454. A straight circular groove 4514 is also provided on the raised portion, adjacent to the square through-slot 4513. The first linear bearing 452 is mounted within the straight circular groove 4514 of the slider body 451. The upper transverse shaft 34 passes through the first linear bearing 452, and the slider body 451 slides on the upper transverse shaft 34 via the first linear bearing 452. The first linear bearing 452 is provided to facilitate horizontal sliding of the slider body 451, while the second linear bearing 454 is provided to facilitate sliding of the cylindrical portion 4532 along the guide shaft 42, thereby preventing dry friction sliding.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0008] 1. This invention designs a self-adjusting bistable mechanism composed of a bending-resistant compression spring mechanism and a tension spring mechanism. The bending-resistant compression spring mechanism, combined with the tension springs on both sides, automatically adjusts the potential barrier. Compared to traditional bistable mechanisms with fixed potential barriers, this mechanism more easily achieves inter-well oscillation, thereby expanding the motion amplitude and achieving higher energy capture efficiency. Furthermore, because the compression spring is sleeved on the guide shaft to provide bending resistance, instability caused by compression bending is avoided. Meanwhile, the tension spring mechanism remains stable during operation, resulting in a highly stable self-adjusting bistable mechanism.

[0009] 2. The arrangement of the transverse slider of the self-adjusting bistable mechanism in the present invention allows the self-adjusting bistable mechanism to be disassembled and adjusted by removing the clamping piece and moving the transverse slider, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the self-regulating bistable mechanism of the present invention in a wave energy converter.

[0011] Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of the self-regulating bistable mechanism of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the self-regulating bistable mechanism of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection platform of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a pivot connection member of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 6 It is a front view of the slider body of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 7 It is an oblique view of the slider body of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 8 It is a partial front view of the slider body of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 9 It is a partial reverse view of the slider body of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a state diagram when the self-regulating bistable mechanism is applied to the wave energy converter and is above the oscillation equilibrium position.

[0020] Figure 11 This is a state diagram when the self-regulating bistable mechanism is applied to a wave energy converter and is in an oscillating equilibrium position.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a state diagram when the self-regulating bistable mechanism is applied to the wave energy converter and is below the oscillation equilibrium position.

[0022] Reference numerals: float body 1, guide rod 2, fixing mechanism 3, self-adjusting bistable mechanism 4, transmission mechanism 5, power generation mechanism 6, counterweight mechanism 7;

[0023] Cylindrical buoy 11, end cover 12;

[0024] Connecting platform 41, platform main board 411, pivot connection 412, pivot sleeve 4121, connecting cylinder 4122, fixing sleeve 4123, rack fixing part 413 and guide connecting plate 414, guide shaft 42, compression spring 43, tension spring 44, transverse slider 45, slider body 451, straight groove 4511, semicircular groove 4512, square through groove 4513, straight circular groove 4514, first linear bearing 452, articulated sleeve 453, arc portion 4531, cylindrical portion 4532, through hole 4533, second linear bearing 454, clamping part 455, first clamping part 4551, second clamping part 4552, third clamping part 4553, transverse axis 4554; upper transverse axis 34; rack 51. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the application of a tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism in a wave energy converter is taken as an example. The wave energy converter includes a float body 1, a guide rod 2, a fixing mechanism 3, a self-adjusting bistable mechanism 4, a transmission mechanism 5, a power generation mechanism 6, and a counterweight mechanism 7. The float body 1 is composed of a cylindrical buoy 11 and an end cap 12 that are detachably connected. The end cap 12 has a through hole in the center that cooperates with the guide rod 2. The fixing mechanism 3 is fixedly installed inside the cylindrical buoy 11 and is used to fix the self-adjusting bistable mechanism 4, transmission mechanism 5, and power generation mechanism 6. The counterweight mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the cylindrical buoy 11. The end cap 12 is slidably arranged between the guide rod 2. The counterweight mechanism 7 includes multiple counterweight blocks that are evenly distributed on the bottom plate of the cylindrical buoy 11.

[0027] like Figure 2-9 As shown, the self-adjusting bistable mechanism includes a connecting platform 41, a transverse slider 45 and an upper transverse axis 34; it also includes two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right and two tension spring mechanisms arranged front and back, wherein the anti-bending compression spring mechanism includes a compression spring 43 and a guide shaft 42, and the tension spring mechanism includes a tension spring 44 and a clamping member 455; the connecting platform 41 includes a platform main board 411, a pivot connection 412, a rack fixing member 413 and a guide connecting plate 414, a top threaded hole is provided in the center of the upper surface of the guide connecting plate 414, the bottom end of the guide rod 2 is fixedly installed in the top threaded hole, the guide connecting plate 414 is fixed to the upper surface of the platform main board 411, and mounting grooves are respectively provided in the centers of both sides of the platform main board 411, and one end of the pivot connection 412 is passed through The pin shaft is rotatably installed in the mounting groove, and a first avoidance groove is provided on the guide connecting plate 414 at a position corresponding to the mounting groove; the pivot connecting member 412 includes a pivot sleeve 4121, a connecting cylinder 4122 and a fixed sleeve 4123, and the pivot sleeve 4121 is rotatably installed in the mounting groove through the pin shaft, and one side of the pivot sleeve 4121 is connected to one end of the fixed sleeve 4123 through the connecting cylinder 4122; the rack fixing member 413 is installed on the lower surface of the platform main board 411, and a second avoidance groove is provided on the rack fixing member 413 at a position corresponding to the mounting groove, and the pivot sleeve 4121 rotates in the rotation space formed by the first avoidance groove, the mounting groove and the second avoidance groove through the pin shaft.

[0028] The upper horizontal axis 34 includes two parallel optical axes, which are distributed on the front and rear sides of the connecting platform 41. The horizontal slider 45 is provided with two identical groups, which are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting platform 41 and mounted on the upper horizontal axis 34; the horizontal slider 45 includes a slider body 451, a first linear bearing 452, an articulated sleeve 453 and a second linear bearing 454. The slider body 451 is in the shape of a long strip, and the cross section of the slider body 451 is a convex shape placed laterally. The slider body 451 is divided into a raised portion and a main body portion. A straight groove 4511 is provided in the center of the raised portion of the slider body 451, and a semicircular groove 4512 is provided in the center of one side of the main body portion of the slider body 451. The semicircular groove 4512 is used to accommodate the articulated sleeve 453, and the straight groove 4511 corresponds to and intersects with the semicircular groove 4512. The intersecting portion The first and second clamping members 4551, 4552 are respectively in contact with the front and rear inner walls of the square through-slot 4513, and the transverse axis 4554 is connected to the first and second clamping members 4551, 4552. The end of the tension spring 44 is mounted on the transverse axis 4554. The third clamping member 4553 is L-shaped and is used to simultaneously clamp the first and second clamping members 4551, 4552 into the square through-slot 4513.The hinge sleeve 453 includes an arc portion 4531 and a cylindrical portion 4532. The arc portion 4531 includes a flat end and an arc end. One end of the cylindrical portion 4532 is connected to the flat end of the arc portion 4531. The arc end of the arc portion 4531 is placed in the semicircular groove 4512. The second linear bearing 454 is inserted into the interior of the cylindrical portion 4532 from the other end of the cylindrical portion 4532. A through hole 4533 is opened in the center of the arc portion 4531 to allow the guide shaft 42 to pass through. One end of the guide shaft 42 is fixed in the fixed sleeve 4123, and the other end of the guide shaft 42 is sequentially The first linear bearing 452 is suspended after passing through the through hole 4533 of the compression spring 43, the second linear bearing 454, and the hinge sleeve 453. One end of the compression spring 43 is connected to the pivot connector 412, and the other end of the compression spring 43 is connected to the second linear bearing 454. A straight circular groove 4514 is also provided on the raised portion, adjacent to the square through-slot 4513. The first linear bearing 452 is mounted within the straight circular groove 4514 of the slider body 451. The upper transverse shaft 34 passes through the first linear bearing 452, and the slider body 451 slides on the upper transverse shaft 34 via the first linear bearing 452. The first linear bearing 452 is provided to facilitate horizontal sliding of the slider body 451, while the second linear bearing 454 is provided to facilitate sliding of the cylindrical portion 4532 along the guide shaft 42, thereby preventing dry friction sliding.

[0029] The working process is as follows:

[0030] The wave energy converter with a tension-compression combined self-regulating bistable mechanism is floated on the waves, wherein the upper end of the guide rod 2 is vertically fixed on a floating breakwater or similar structure, the float body 1 oscillates up and down under the excitation of the waves, and the end cover 12 slides in the vertical direction relative to the guide rod 2. Figure 11 As shown, the balance plane of the float body 1 oscillating up and down coincides with the horizontal plane where the two optical axes of the upper horizontal axis are located. At this time, the guide shaft 42, the compression spring 43, the pivot connection 412, the platform mainboard 411, the second linear bearing 454, and the articulated sleeve 453 are all located on the balance plane.

[0031] from Figures 10 to 11As shown, the guide rod 2 is fixed in the vertical direction. Under the excitation of waves, the float body 1 is above the equilibrium plane and moves downward to the equilibrium plane. The float body 1 moves downward along the axis of the guide rod 2. The platform main plate 411 moves upward relative to the float body 1. The guide connecting plate 414 and the guide rod 2 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the platform main plate 411 move upward relative to each other. The rack fixing member 413 and the rack 51 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform main plate 411 also move upward relative to each other. Due to the relative upward movement of the platform main plate 411, the two left and right pivot connecting members 412 connected to the pivot shaft 412 move upward and rotate relative to each other. The angle between the two pivot connecting members 412 gradually increases to 180 degrees. The guide shaft 42 fixedly connected to the pivot connecting member 412 rotates with the pivot connecting member 412. The compression spring 43 on the guide shaft 42 rotates with the guide shaft 42 and is compressed to store elastic potential energy. Under the action of the compression spring 43, the second linear bearing 454 The hinge sleeve 453 slides axially along the guide shaft 42, thereby driving the hinge sleeve 453 to slide axially along the guide shaft 42, and then driving the transverse slider 45 to slide on the upper transverse shaft 34, that is, the transverse sliders 45 on the left and right sides slide in a direction away from each other. At this time, the tension spring 44 is stretched and also stores elastic potential energy. Therefore, the combined use of the compression spring and the tension spring can both store elastic potential energy. Compared with a bistable mechanism with only a compression spring but no tension spring, the problem of excessive potential barrier when the compression spring 43 acts alone is avoided, and the potential barrier has the effect of self-regulation. Because the compression spring 43 is sleeved on the guide shaft 42 and the tension spring 44 is always in a stretched state, neither the compression spring 43 nor the tension spring 44 will bend during operation, and the self-regulating bistable mechanism is triangular in shape when in motion. The compact structure occupies little space, making the mechanism more stable.

[0032] Further, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the float body 1 continues to move downward across the balance plane, that is, the float body 1 continues to move downward along the axis of the guide rod 2, the platform mainboard 411 moves upward relative to the float body 1 to above the balance plane, and the horizontal sliders 45 on the left and right sides slide toward each other. At this time, the tension spring 44 and the compression spring 43 simultaneously release potential energy, which is then converted into kinetic energy of the wave energy converter, thereby increasing the motion response of the wave energy converter.

[0033] Furthermore, when the rack 51 moves upward with the platform mainboard 411 relative to the float body 1, the first longitudinal slider and the second longitudinal slider fixedly connected to the rack slide on the intermediate longitudinal axis. Figure 12The meshing working surface of rack 51 faces leftward, driving the gear meshing with it counterclockwise. Because the gears are in a secondary transmission mode, the output shaft rotates clockwise, driving the generator through a coupling. By adjusting the transmission ratio between the intermediate and output gears and further increasing the number of transmission gear stages, the output shaft can achieve an appropriate output speed for power generation in varying sea conditions.

[0034] Similarly, in the opposite direction, Figure 12 to Figure 11 Then to Figure 10 As shown, under wave excitation, when the float body 1 moves upward, the platform mainboard 411 moves downward relative to the float body 1, which is eventually converted into a counterclockwise rotation of the output shaft, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity.

[0035] When removing the compression spring 43 of the self-adjusting bistable mechanism, an external force stretches the tension spring 44, causing the two transverse sliders 45 on both sides to move away from each other until the guide shaft 42 is completely separated from the transverse slider 45. The compression spring 43 can then be removed by removing the articulated sleeve 453 and the second linear bearing 454 from the guide shaft 42. The tension spring 44 can be removed by removing the clip 455, thereby facilitating adjustment of the operating parameters of the self-adjusting bistable mechanism. Due to the self-adjusting barrier of the self-adjusting bistable mechanism, the float body 1 can achieve inter-well oscillation even under relatively small wave excitations. The self-adjusting bistable mechanism also amplifies the motion amplitude, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the generator.

[0036] The above specific embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tension-compression combined self-adjusting bistable mechanism, characterized by: The invention comprises a connecting platform (41), a transverse slider (45) and an upper transverse shaft (34); and further comprises two anti-bending compression spring mechanisms arranged on the left and right sides and two tension spring mechanisms arranged on the front and back sides, wherein the anti-bending compression spring mechanism comprises a compression spring (43) and a guide shaft (42), and the tension spring mechanism comprises a tension spring (44) and a clamping member (455). The connecting platform (41) comprises a platform main board (411), a pivot connection member (412), a rack fixing member (413) and a guide connecting plate (414). A top threaded hole is provided at the center of the upper surface of the guide connecting plate (414). The guide connecting plate (414) is fixed to the upper surface of the platform main board (411). The centers of both sides of the platform main board (411) are respectively provided with mounting grooves. One end of the pivot connection member (412) is rotatably installed in the mounting groove through a pin shaft. A first avoidance groove is provided on the guide connecting plate (414) at a position corresponding to the mounting groove. The pivot connection member (412) comprises a pivot sleeve (413). 121), a connecting cylinder (4122) and a fixed sleeve (4123), the pivot sleeve (4121) is rotatably installed in the installation groove through the pin shaft, and one side of the pivot sleeve (4121) is connected to one end of the fixed sleeve (4123) through the connecting cylinder (4122); the rack fixing member (413) is installed on the lower surface of the platform mainboard (411), and a second avoidance groove is opened on the rack fixing member (413) at a position corresponding to the installation groove, and the pivot sleeve (4121) rotates in the rotation space formed by the first avoidance groove, the installation groove and the second avoidance groove through the pin shaft; The upper transverse axis (34) includes two parallel optical axes, which are distributed on the front and rear sides of the connecting platform (41). The transverse sliders (45) are provided with two identical groups, which are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting platform (41) and are mounted on the upper transverse axis (34). The transverse sliders (45) include a slider body (451), a first linear bearing (452), a hinge sleeve (453) and a second linear bearing (454). The slider body (451) is in the shape of a long strip. The cross section of the slider body (451) is a convex shape placed laterally. The slider body (451) is divided into a raised portion and a main body. A straight groove (4511) is provided in the center of the raised portion of the slider body (451). A semicircular groove (4512) is provided in the center of one side of the main body of the slider body (451). The semicircular groove (4512) is used to accommodate the hinge sleeve (453). The straight groove (4511) and the semicircular groove (4512) correspond to each other and intersect with each other. The intersecting part constitutes the hinge sleeve (453). The swing space of the guide shaft (42) is provided with square through grooves (4513) on the protruding portion and on both sides of the straight groove (4511). The square through grooves (4513) are used to accommodate the clamping member (455). The clamping member (455) includes a first clamping member (4551), a second clamping member (4552), a third clamping member (4553) and a transverse axis (4554). The first clamping member (4551) and the second clamping member (4552) are both door frame-shaped. The first clamping member (4551) and the second clamping member (4552) are both door frame-shaped. The first clamping member (4551) and the second clamping member (4552) are respectively in close contact with the front and rear inner walls of the square through slot (4513); the transverse axis (4554) connects the first clamping member (4551) and the second clamping member (4552); the end of the tension spring (44) is mounted on the transverse axis (4554); the third clamping member (4553) is L-shaped, and the third clamping member (4553) is used to simultaneously clamp the first clamping member (4551) and the second clamping member (4552) into the square through slot (4513);The articulated sleeve (453) includes an arc portion (4531) and a cylindrical portion (4532), the arc portion (4531) includes a plane end and an arc end, one end of the cylindrical portion (4532) is connected to the plane end of the arc portion (4531), the arc end of the arc portion (4531) is placed in the semicircular groove (4512), the second linear bearing (454) is inserted into the interior of the cylindrical portion (4532) from the other end of the cylindrical portion (4532), a through hole (4533) for allowing the guide shaft (42) to pass through is opened through the center of the arc portion (4531), one end of the guide shaft (42) is fixed in the fixed sleeve (4123), and the other end of the guide shaft (42) is passed through in sequence. After passing through the through hole (4533) of the compression spring (43), the second linear bearing (454) and the hinge sleeve (453), the compression spring (43) is connected to the pivot connection member (412) at one end, and the other end of the compression spring (43) is connected to the second linear bearing (454). A straight circular groove (4514) is also provided on the protruding portion and next to the square through groove (4513). The first linear bearing (452) is installed in the straight circular groove (4514) of the slider body (451). The upper horizontal shaft (34) passes through the first linear bearing (452). The slider body (451) slides on the upper horizontal shaft (34) through the first linear bearing (452).

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