Wheel-rail force tracing device and wheel-rail force tracing method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of track engineering testing and discloses a wheel-rail force tracing device and method. The wheel-rail force tracing device includes a support frame, a force-bearing rod, a force-applying source, and a force sensor. The support frame includes a bottom support position for supporting the track and a top first receiving position. The force-bearing rod is rotatably connected to the first receiving position and includes a first force-bearing end and a second force-bearing end, located on opposite sides of the rotatable engagement point between the force-bearing rod and the first receiving position. The force-applying source is mounted on the support frame, with its free end engaging with the first force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod. The second force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod extends out of the support frame and can act on the track. During testing, the force sensor is installed between the second force-bearing end and the track. This allows for more accurate wheel-rail force tracing, making the test results more accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of track engineering testing, specifically relating to a wheel-rail force tracing device and a wheel-rail force tracing method. Background Technology

[0002] Railways are the main artery of the national economy, a key infrastructure, and a major project for people's livelihood. They are a backbone and one of the main modes of transportation in the comprehensive transportation system, playing a crucial role in my country's economic and social development. With the increase in railway transport capacity, the dynamic interaction between wheels and rails is constantly strengthening, leading to increased damage to the track structure from vehicles and track deformation, seriously threatening the safety of train operation. When evaluating indicators such as vehicle derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate, wheel-rail force data have a significant impact. Common wheel-rail force measurement methods include the wheelset measurement method and the ground testing method. While the wheelset measurement method is the most accurate, its high requirements for installation and measurement result in time-consuming measurements and poor flexibility. The ground testing method, on the other hand, uses measurement data and then calculates the wheel-rail force through the functional relationship between strain and force. This method is low-cost, simple to operate, highly flexible, and widely applicable. However, to ensure that the applied external force is perpendicular to the track and to reduce the influence of other force components on the track, existing equipment typically uses a bracket to clamp the track. Then, a force-applying device installed between the reaction bracket and the track applies a downward force to the track. Due to the reaction force, the location where the bracket is clamped will generate an upward tension on the track, but the actual track will not experience an upward tension. This changes the stress state of the track, which will affect the accuracy and reliability of the actual detection data, leading to inaccurate detection results. This, in turn, affects the accuracy of indicators such as the derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate, seriously impacting the safety of train operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wheel-rail force tracing device and a wheel-rail force tracing method, which can more accurately trace wheel-rail forces and make the detection results more accurate and reliable.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The wheel-rail force tracing device includes: a support frame, a force-bearing rod, a force-applying source, and a force sensor; the support frame includes a bottom support position for supporting the rail, and a top first receiving position; the force-bearing rod is rotatably connected to the first receiving position, and the force-bearing rod includes a first force-bearing end and a second force-bearing end, located on both sides of the rotatable engagement point between the force-bearing rod and the first receiving position; the force-applying source is mounted on the support frame, the free end of the force-bearing source engages with the first force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod, and the second force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod extends out of the support frame and can act on the rail; during detection, the force sensor is installed between the second force-bearing end and the rail.

[0006] In one embodiment, the wheel-rail force tracing device further includes a clamp, which includes a first mating position and a second mating position, the first mating position mating with the track and the second mating position mating with the force sensor.

[0007] In one embodiment, the wheel-rail force tracing device further includes a horizontal plate placed on a receiving surface, and the support frame placed on the horizontal plate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the force-bearing rod is provided with two adjusting heads, which are respectively installed at the first force-bearing end and the second force-bearing end.

[0009] In one embodiment, the adjusting head includes a base and a screw block, the screw block and the base being threaded together, and the extended length being adjusted by screwing the screw block.

[0010] In one embodiment, the wheel-rail force tracing device further includes a level, which is mounted on the force-bearing rod perpendicular to the adjusting head. When the adjusting head is vertical, the level is in a horizontal state.

[0011] In one embodiment, a processing module is also included, wherein the level is an electronic level, and the level and the force sensor are connected to the processing module.

[0012] The top of the support frame is also provided with a second receiving position, which is located below the first force-bearing end. The force source is a jack, and the bottom of the jack is installed on the second receiving position.

[0013] In one embodiment, the force-bearing rod is provided with multiple connecting holes, and the force-bearing rod is rotatably connected to the support frame by passing through different connecting holes via pins.

[0014] In one embodiment, the support frame includes a first splicing plate and a second splicing plate, which are fixedly connected by nails; one end face of the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are horizontally arranged, and the opposite end face is provided with a protruding structure, through which the pin passes to support the force-bearing rod.

[0015] The wheel-rail force tracing method, using a wheel-rail force tracing device, includes the following steps:

[0016] After assembling the wheel-rail force tracing device, place the support frame roughly horizontally on the side of the rail, avoiding contact with the rail;

[0017] Install the force sensor on the track or under the second force-bearing end;

[0018] Adjust the force-bearing rod to a horizontal position, and ensure that the second force-bearing end can interact with the track;

[0019] Then the force source is activated to apply an upward force to the first force-receiving end, so that the second force-receiving end applies a downward force perpendicular to the track;

[0020] Collect the force value from the force sensor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the wheel-rail force tracing method further includes the following steps:

[0022] An electronic level is installed on the load-bearing rod to detect the levelness of the load-bearing rod in real time and transmit the corresponding levelness data to the processing module.

[0023] When the load-bearing rod is leveled, check if the displayed value reaches the preset level. If not, adjust it until it does. If it does, proceed to the next step.

[0024] The force source begins to apply force to the first force-receiving end, while the force sensor detects the force value in real time and transmits it to the processing module;

[0025] The processing module processes the real-time transmitted levelness data and force value data from the force sensor. For force data exceeding the preset levelness, the force sensor records it as a force value that does not meet the requirements.

[0026] In one embodiment, the following steps are also included:

[0027] For force values ​​that cannot be measured after exceeding the levelness, when the force-bearing rod is adjusted to the required levelness, a pre-force is applied to the second force-bearing end using a force source.

[0028] Check if the force value measured by the force sensor is lower than the force value to be measured. If not, continue to repeat the above steps until it is adjusted to be lower than the force value to be measured. If yes, proceed to the next step.

[0029] The force source continues to apply force to the first force-receiving end, while the force sensor measures the force value in real time and transmits it to the processing module;

[0030] The processing module processes the real-time transmitted levelness data and force value data from the force sensor to determine whether all the forces to be measured meet the levelness requirements. If yes, the detection stops; otherwise, the above steps are repeated until the requirements are met.

[0031] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0032] When wheel-rail force data is required, the support frame is placed next to the track to be measured. At this point, there is no interaction between the support frame and the track. The second force-bearing end is then adjusted to be directly above the track, ensuring the force-bearing rod is horizontal and that there is interaction between the second force-bearing end and the track. Therefore, when the force source applies force to the first force-bearing end, the force at the second force-bearing end can directly act on the track, so the force-bearing rod can remain essentially horizontal, ensuring that the pressure of the second force-bearing end on the track is perpendicular to the track. The force sensor measures the direct force applied to the track at this time, without generating an upward pulling force on the track. Therefore, the force measured on the track is closer to the actual data, allowing for accurate traceability of wheel-rail force. In this scheme, the first and second force-bearing ends are located on either side of the rotational fit between the force-bearing rod and the first receiving position. When the force source applies external force to the first force-bearing end, it can both transmit the force to the first force-bearing rod and cancel the force out through the support frame. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wheel-rail force tracing device of the present invention in use;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the wheel-rail force tracing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the wheel-rail force tracing device of the present invention before use;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the wheel-rail force tracing device of the present invention during use.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 10. Support frame; 11. First splicing plate; 12. Second splicing plate; 13. Support position; 14. First receiving position; 15. Second receiving position; 20. Force-bearing rod; 21. First force-bearing end; 22. Second force-bearing end; 23. Pin; 24. Adjusting head; 25. Connecting hole; 30. Force source; 40. Force sensor; 50. Clamp; 51. First mating position; 52. Second mating position; 60. Level plate; 70. Level; 80. Track. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified or defined, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this document are for distinguishing names only and do not represent a specific number or order.

[0041] Unless otherwise stated or defined, the term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0042] It should be noted that in this article, "fixed to" or "connected to" can mean directly fixed to or connected to a component, or indirectly fixed to or connected to a component.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the wheel-rail force tracing device includes: a support frame 10, a force-bearing rod 20, a force-applying source 30, and a force sensor 40; the support frame 10 includes a bottom support position 13 for supporting the track 80, and a top first receiving position 14; the force-bearing rod 20 is rotatably connected to the first receiving position 14, and the force-bearing rod 20 includes a first force-bearing end 21 and a second force-bearing end 22, which are located on both sides of the rotatable engagement point between the force-bearing rod 20 and the first receiving position 14; the force-applying source 30 is installed on the support frame 10, and the free end of the force-bearing source 30 engages with the first force-bearing end 21 of the force-bearing rod 20, while the second force-bearing end 22 of the force-bearing rod 20 extends out of the support frame 10 and can act on the track 80; during detection, the force sensor 40 is installed between the second force-bearing end 22 and the track 80.

[0044] When wheel-rail force data is required, the support frame 10 is placed next to the track 80 to be measured. At this point, there is no interaction between the support frame 10 and the track 80. The second force-bearing end 22 is then adjusted to be directly above the track 80, ensuring that the force-bearing rod 20 is horizontal and that the second force-bearing end 22 can interact with the track 80. Therefore, when the force source 30 applies force to the first force-bearing end 21, the force of the second force-bearing end 22 can directly act on the track 80, so the force-bearing rod 20 can also remain basically horizontal, ensuring that the pressure of the second force-bearing end 22 on the track 80 is perpendicular to the track 80. The force sensor 40 measures the direct force applied to the track 80 at this time, without generating an upward pulling force on the track 80. Therefore, the force measured on the track 80 is closer to the actual data, allowing for accurate traceability of wheel-rail force. In this design, the first force-bearing end 21 and the second force-bearing end 22 are located on both sides of the force-bearing rod 20 and the first receiving position 14 in rotational cooperation. When the force source 30 applies external force to the first force-bearing end 21, it can both transmit the force to the first force-bearing rod 20 and cancel the force through the support frame 10.

[0045] The wheel-rail force tracing device also includes a clamp 50, which includes a first mating position 51 and a second mating position 52. The first mating position 51 mates with the track 80, and the second mating position 52 mates with the force sensor 40. The clamp 50 ensures that the force exerted by the second force-bearing end 22 on the track 80 is a vertical force, and the second mating position 52 provides a mounting position for the force sensor 40, thus ensuring that the position of the force sensor 40 remains unchanged when subjected to force, and allowing for better measurement of vertical force.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wheel-rail force tracing device also includes a horizontal plate 60, which is placed on the receiving surface, and the support frame 10 is placed on the horizontal plate 60. The horizontal plate 60 allows the support frame 10 to be easily adjusted to a horizontal position, and once the horizontal plate 60 is adjusted, it does not need to be repeatedly adjusted. When it is necessary to measure the force of another track 80, the support frame 10 can be directly rotated. In addition, the horizontal plate 60 can increase the force-bearing area to prevent damage to the track 80 bed.

[0047] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the force-bearing rod 20 is provided with two adjusting heads 24, which are respectively installed on the first force-bearing end 21 and the second force-bearing end 22. The adjusting heads 24 can adjust the extended length, which can conveniently control the height during use and avoid the time wasted in adjusting to level due to insufficient height.

[0048] Specifically, the adjusting head 24 includes a base and a screw block. The screw block and the base are connected by a thread, and the extension length is adjusted by screwing the screw block. The base is fixedly connected to the force-bearing rod 20, and the screw head can be screwed out. The extension length of the screw head is used as height compensation, which is convenient for operation. Moreover, the threaded method provides stepless adjustment with high adjustment accuracy, and the screwing method is also convenient for users to operate and adjust.

[0049] The wheel-rail force tracing device also includes a level 70, which is mounted perpendicularly to the adjusting head 24 on the force-bearing rod 20. When the adjusting head 24 is vertical, the level 70 is in a horizontal state. First, the positional relationship between the level 70 and the adjusting head 24 is set to a vertical state. Therefore, when the level 70 is horizontal, the adjusting head 24 is vertical, and the force applied to the track 80 is also a vertical force, thus ensuring a more accurate simulation of the normal pressure borne by the track 80.

[0050] The level 70 is an electronic level 70, and the level 70 and the force sensor 40 are connected to the processing module. The electronic level 70 can output a digital display and can be connected to the processing module for analysis of level and force data.

[0051] Additionally, the top of the support frame 10 is provided with a second receiving position 15, which is located below the first force-bearing end 21. The force source 30 is a jack, and the bottom of the jack is installed on the second receiving position 15. The second receiving position 15 is provided to support the jack, meaning that force can be applied to the first force-bearing end 21 by manually controlling the jack.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the force-bearing rod 20 is provided with multiple connecting holes 25. The force-bearing rod 20 is rotatably connected to the support frame 10 through different connecting holes 25 via pins 23. The connecting holes 25 are used for rotatable connection with the pins 23. Moreover, the arrangement of multiple connecting holes 25 allows different output forces to be achieved by connecting different positions of the connecting holes 25 and then applying the same force using the lever principle.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the support frame 10 includes a first splicing plate 11 and a second splicing plate 12, which are fixedly connected by nails. One end face of the first splicing plate 11 and the second splicing plate 12 is horizontal, and the opposite end face is provided with a protruding structure. The pin 23 passes through the protruding structure to support the load-bearing rod 20. Setting the support frame 10 with the first splicing plate 11 and the second splicing plate 12 facilitates disassembly and placement. Furthermore, the protruding structure provides a support position for the load-bearing rod 20, forming the first support position 14. Moreover, the horizontal orientation of one end face of the first splicing plate 11 and the second splicing plate 12 serves as the end that supports the ground, ensuring that the support frame 10 is placed horizontally overall.

[0054] The wheel-rail force tracing method, using a wheel-rail force tracing device, includes the following steps:

[0055] Assemble the wheel-rail force tracing device, place the support frame 10 roughly horizontally on the side of the track 80, avoiding contact with the track 80; install the force sensor 40 onto the track 80 or under the second force-receiving end 22; adjust the force-receiving rod 20 to a horizontal position, ensuring that the second force-receiving end 22 can interact with the track 80; then activate the force source 30 to apply an upward force to the first force-receiving end 21, causing the second force-receiving end 22 to apply a downward force perpendicular to the track 80; collect the force value from the force sensor 40. After leveling, collect the vertical force acting directly on the track 80, thereby tracing the wheel-rail force. Moreover, when providing the vertical force, there is no direct contact with the track 80, so there is no interference from other forces, maximizing the restoration of the wheel-rail force.

[0056] In addition, the wheel-rail force tracing method also includes the following steps:

[0057] An electronic level 70 is installed on the force-bearing rod 20 to detect the levelness of the force-bearing rod 20 in real time and transmit the corresponding levelness data to the processing module. When the force-bearing rod 20 is leveled, the displayed value is checked to see if it reaches the preset levelness. If not, it is adjusted until it does; if it does, the next step is performed. The force source 30 begins to apply force to the first force-bearing end 21, while the force sensor 40 detects the force value in real time and transmits it to the processing module. The processing module processes the real-time transmitted levelness data and the force value data from the force sensor 40. Force data exceeding the preset levelness measured by the force sensor 40 is recorded as a force value that does not meet the requirements. Using the electronic level 70 allows for real-time recording of levelness, ensuring that the actual force value is recorded only when the levelness meets the set requirements. Therefore, even if the levelness does not meet the requirements during the test, i.e., the verticality of the force applied to the track 80 is insufficient, subsequent data will not be recorded as normal data.

[0058] The wheel-rail force tracing method also includes the following steps:

[0059] For force values ​​that cannot be measured beyond the required level, when adjusting the force-bearing rod 20 to achieve the required level, the force source 30 provides pre-pressure to the second force-bearing end 22; check if the force value measured by the force sensor 40 is lower than the force value to be measured. If not, continue repeating the above steps until it is adjusted to be lower than the force value to be measured; if so, proceed to the next step; the force source 30 continues to apply force to the first force-bearing end 21, while the force sensor 40 measures the force value in real time and sends it to the processing module; the processing module processes the real-time transmitted level data and the force value data from the force sensor 40 to determine whether all the forces to be measured meet the level requirements. If so, stop the detection; if not, continue repeating the above steps until they are met.

[0060] Because during force measurement, there might be situations where the applied force is too large but cannot meet the levelness requirements, a range of data can be measured first, which meets the levelness requirements. Then, the test is stopped, and an external force is applied to the track 80 before the final measurement. The force value displayed on the force sensor 40 is observed, ensuring the force is below the maximum force before the last measurement. Then, the measurement begins. At this point, a range of forces can be measured. By combining the data from multiple measurements, a final force value range can be achieved, thus satisfying both the final force value range and the levelness requirement. If the predetermined levelness is 0.5 mm / m, force data exceeding this levelness will not be recorded.

[0061] The above embodiments are not an exhaustive list based on the present invention, and there may be many other embodiments not listed. Any substitutions and improvements made without departing from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel-rail force tracing device, characterized in that, include: The support frame includes a support rod, a force source, and a force sensor; the support frame includes a bottom support position for supporting the track and a top first receiving position. The force-bearing rod is rotatably connected to the first receiving position. The force-bearing rod includes a first force-bearing end and a second force-bearing end, which are located on both sides of the rotatable engagement point between the force-bearing rod and the first receiving position. The force-applying source is installed on the support frame. The free end of the force-applying source engages with the first force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod. The second force-bearing end of the force-bearing rod extends out of the support frame and acts on the track. During detection, the force sensor is installed between the second force-bearing end and the track.

2. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gripper, which has a first mating position and a second mating position, the first mating position mating with the track and the second mating position mating with the force sensor.

3. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal plate, which is placed on the receiving surface, and the support frame is placed on the horizontal plate.

4. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The force-bearing rod is provided with two adjusting heads, which are respectively installed at the first force-bearing end and the second force-bearing end.

5. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusting head includes a base and a screw block. The screw block and the base are connected by a thread, and the extension length is adjusted by screwing the screw block.

6. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a level, which is mounted on the force-bearing rod perpendicular to the adjusting head. When the adjusting head is vertical, the level is in a horizontal state.

7. The wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a processing module, wherein the level is an electronic level, and the level and the force sensor are connected to the processing module.

8. A wheel-rail force tracing method, characterized in that, Using the wheel-rail force tracing device as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: After assembling the wheel-rail force tracing device, place the support frame roughly horizontally on the side of the rail, avoiding contact with the rail; Install the force sensor on the track or under the second force-bearing end; Adjust the force-bearing rod to a horizontal position, and ensure that the second force-bearing end can interact with the track; Then the force source is activated to apply an upward force to the first force-receiving end, so that the second force-receiving end applies a downward force perpendicular to the track; Collect the force value from the force sensor.

9. The wheel-rail force tracing method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: An electronic level is installed on the load-bearing rod to detect the levelness of the load-bearing rod in real time and transmit the corresponding levelness data to the processing module. When the load-bearing rod is leveled, check if the displayed value reaches the preset level. If not, adjust it until it does. If it does, proceed to the next step. The force source begins to apply force to the first force-receiving end, while the force sensor detects the force value in real time and transmits it to the processing module; The processing module processes the real-time transmitted levelness data and force value data from the force sensor. For force data exceeding the preset levelness, the force sensor records it as a force value that does not meet the requirements.

10. The wheel-rail force tracing method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: For force values ​​that cannot be measured after exceeding the levelness, when the force-bearing rod is adjusted to the required levelness, a pre-force is applied to the second force-bearing end using a force source. Check if the force value measured by the force sensor is lower than the force value to be measured. If not, continue to repeat the above steps until it is adjusted to be lower than the force value to be measured. If yes, proceed to the next step. The force source continues to apply force to the first force-receiving end, while the force sensor measures the force value in real time and transmits it to the processing module; The processing module processes the real-time transmitted levelness data and force value data from the force sensor to determine whether all the forces to be measured meet the levelness requirements. If yes, the detection stops; otherwise, the above steps are repeated until the requirements are met.

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