A method and apparatus for pretreating kitchen waste

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of kitchen waste pretreatment, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste pretreatment method and a pretreatment device. The pretreatment method comprises primary screening: the primary screening oversize is sheet-shaped material, and the primary screening undersize is non-sheet-shaped material; secondary screening: the secondary screening oversize is material with a size greater than the mesh size, and the secondary screening undersize is material with a size smaller than the mesh size; tertiary screening: the tertiary screening oversize is material that cannot be broken by extrusion, and the tertiary screening undersize is liquid and small particle material after breaking; quaternary screening: a spiral sorting device is used for fine crushing and screening of the tertiary screening oversize; the tertiary screening oversize after fine crushing is moved by high-pressure airflow, and the tertiary screening oversize with different densities falls into multiple sorting hoppers; wherein, heavy substances in the tertiary screening undersize are separated by centrifugal and gravitational separation through a sand removal device, and slurry after sand removal is pumped into an anaerobic fermentation system for treatment; the tertiary screening oversize in the multiple sorting hoppers can be used for preparing nutrient raw materials after drying.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of kitchen waste pretreatment, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste pretreatment method and a pretreatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Kitchen waste refers to perishable organic waste such as fruits and vegetables, food scraps, leftover food, and fruit peels discarded in daily life. Today, household kitchen waste, food waste, and other waste are collectively referred to as kitchen waste (or wet waste).

[0003] Most of the existing kitchen waste treatment technologies are to break the bags and crush the kitchen waste, and then use a screening device to screen and transport the large pieces or sheet materials in the material. After being squeezed or pulped, the material that can be squeezed or crushed and can pass through the screen mesh is called undersize, which is subjected to sand removal and impurity removal and then subjected to anaerobic fermentation. The material that is difficult to be crushed and cannot pass through the screen mesh is called oversize, which is transported for incineration.

[0004] Incineration treatment causes the organic matter in the oversize to be not fully utilized, resulting in waste of resources. Moreover, the oversize has a high water content of about 70%, and a low calorific value, which is not an ideal combustible material for incineration. Therefore, incineration is difficult and energy-consuming. SUMMARY

[0005] (I) Technical problem to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a kitchen waste pretreatment method and a pretreatment device, which solve the technical problems of difficult incineration of the oversize of kitchen waste and insufficient utilization of the organic matter in the oversize.

[0007] (II) Technical scheme

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the kitchen waste pretreatment method of the present application comprises:

[0009] Primary screening: the kitchen waste falls into the composite crushing device through the receiving hopper, and the composite crushing device coarsely crushes and screens the kitchen waste; the primary oversize is sheet material, and the primary undersize is non-sheet material;

[0010] Secondary screening: the large impurity sorting device screens the primary undersize; the secondary oversize is material with a size greater than the screen mesh, and the secondary undersize is material with a size smaller than the screen mesh;

[0011] Tertiary screening: the extrusion device finely crushes, dehydrates, and screens the secondary undersize, and the fine crushing breaks most of the organic material in the secondary undersize; the tertiary oversize is material that cannot be broken by extrusion, and the tertiary undersize is liquid and small particle material after breaking;

[0012] Four times screening: the spiral sorting equipment carries out fine crushing and screening on the third screening oversize; the third screening oversize after fine crushing is blown by high-pressure airflow to move spirally, and the third screening oversize of different densities falls into multiple sorting hoppers;

[0013] The heavy substances in the third screening undersize are separated by centrifugation and gravity through the sand removal equipment, and the slurry after sand removal is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment; the third screening oversize in the multiple sorting hoppers can be used to prepare nutrient raw materials after drying.

[0014] Optionally, the high-pressure airflow introduced into the spiral sorting equipment is preheated high-pressure airflow.

[0015] Optionally, the high-pressure airflow is filtered after passing through the spiral sorting equipment and is discharged and recycled.

[0016] Optionally, before preparing the nutrient raw materials, the third screening oversize in the multiple sorting hoppers is fully dried by the drying equipment to obtain dry materials with a water content of 12% or less, and the dry materials are transported to the collection bin for cooling and bagging.

[0017] Optionally, the waste gas generated during the drying process is collected by a cyclone separator after collecting dust, and then is deodorized by multiple sprayings to meet the emission standard, and the spray condensate wastewater is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment.

[0018] Further, the present application also provides a kitchen waste pretreatment equipment, which is based on the kitchen waste pretreatment method as above, and the pretreatment equipment comprises:

[0019] A receiving hopper;

[0020] A composite crushing equipment, wherein the receiving hopper is arranged above the composite crushing equipment;

[0021] A large impurity sorting equipment, wherein the large impurity sorting equipment is connected with the composite crushing equipment;

[0022] An extrusion equipment, wherein the extrusion equipment is connected with the large impurity sorting equipment;

[0023] A spiral sorting equipment, wherein the spiral sorting equipment is arranged below the extrusion equipment;

[0024] A sand removal equipment, wherein the sand removal equipment is connected with the spiral sorting equipment.

[0025] Optionally, the extrusion equipment comprises a screen barrel and a spiral roller arranged in the screen barrel.

[0026] In the advancing direction of the material, the outer diameter of the spiral roller gradually increases, and the pitch of the blades of the spiral roller gradually decreases.

[0027] Optionally, the spiral sorting equipment comprises a crushing cavity, a crusher and multiple sorting hoppers.

[0028] The crushing cavity is arranged below the extrusion device;

[0029] The crusher is connected with the crushing cavity to crush the third-screened oversize;

[0030] The plurality of sorting hoppers are sequentially connected end to end, the leading ends of the plurality of sorting hoppers are connected with the crushing cavity, and the trailing ends of the plurality of sorting hoppers are closed.

[0031] Optionally, the pretreatment device further comprises a drying device, and the drying device is in communication with the plurality of sorting hoppers respectively.

[0032] Optionally, the pretreatment device further comprises a dust removal device and a spray tower, and the drying device, the dust removal device and the spray tower are sequentially communicated; the spray tower is in communication with the anaerobic fermentation system.

[0033] (Three) beneficial effects

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0035] The kitchen waste directly falls into the composite crushing device through the receiving hopper, the receiving hopper expands the range of garbage dumping, so that the garbage is more easily poured into the composite crushing device, effectively improving the efficiency of garbage dumping and reducing the cost of manual cleaning. At the same time, the transmission device between the transfer vehicle and the composite crushing device is omitted, and the garbage can naturally fall into the receiving hopper and the composite crushing device by its own gravity, reducing the garbage transfer link and also reducing the equipment floor area and equipment cost.

[0036] The kitchen waste is crushed by three times of coarse crushing, fine crushing and fine crushing, so that the particle size of the material is more uniform and smaller, the specific surface area is increased, which is more conducive to drying, and the subsequent preparation of nutrient raw materials or incineration is facilitated. At the same time, the composite crushing device, the bulk material sorting device, the extrusion device and the spiral sorting device correspond to four times of screening of the kitchen waste, and the materials of different particle sizes are screened step by step, and the oversize and undersize are separated for processing, reducing the working pressure of the equipment and prolonging the service life of the equipment. It also realizes the screening of nutrient elements in kitchen waste, efficiently utilizes organic matter in kitchen waste, and turns waste into treasure. And the kitchen waste is also dehydrated during extrusion crushing, thereby reducing the water content of the third-screened oversize in the plurality of sorting hoppers and reducing the energy consumption of subsequent drying and dehydration.

[0037] The spiral sorting device blows the third-screened oversize after fine crushing by high-pressure airflow to move spirally, and the material generates friction, collision and heat again during the sorting process, further reducing the particle size of the material and increasing the temperature of the material, and evaporating water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the kitchen waste pretreatment method of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the pretreatment device for kitchen garbage according to the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the composite crushing device according to the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the extrusion device according to the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the spiral sorting device according to the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 Top view of the multiple sorting hoppers according to the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the sorting hopper according to the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the drying device, dust removal device and spray tower according to the present application.

[0046]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] 1: receiving hopper;

[0048] 2: composite crushing device; 21: crushing roller; 22: screening roller; 23: impurity spiral roller;

[0049] 3: large impurity sorting device;

[0050] 4: extrusion device; 41: screen barrel; 42: spiral roller; 43: pulp outlet groove;

[0051] 5: spiral sorting device; 51: crushing cavity; 52: crusher; 53: sorting hopper; 531: filter layer; 532: gas collecting cover; 533: ceramic wear-resistant layer; 534: air nozzle;

[0052] 6: sand removal device;

[0053] 7: drying device;

[0054] 8: dust removal device;

[0055] 9: spray tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to better explain the present application, so as to be understood, the present application is described in detail by specific embodiments in combination with the drawings.

[0057] It should be noted that all the direction indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the direction indications will also change accordingly.

[0058] In addition, the descriptions such as "first", "second" and the like in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; "connection" can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the present application provides a pretreatment method of kitchen waste, the pretreatment method comprising:

[0061] Primary screening: the transfer vehicle is docked with the receiving hopper 1, the kitchen waste falls into the composite crushing equipment 2 through the receiving hopper 1, and the composite crushing equipment 2 coarsely crushes and screens the kitchen waste; the primary screening oversize is a sheet material, and the primary screening undersize is a non-sheet material; wherein the transfer vehicle is provided with a kitchen waste receiving device, a compression device and a loading container, and the receiving hopper 1 is provided with an intelligent quick switch roller shutter door device and a vehicle guide limiting device, so as to realize the quick docking of the transfer vehicle and the receiving hopper 1;

[0062] Specifically, the transfer vehicle passes through the self-control system monitoring weighbridge, enters the unloading hall after weighing, card swiping and recording, and unloads the kitchen waste into the receiving hopper 1; the kitchen waste falls into the composite crushing equipment 2, and the composite crushing equipment 2 coarsely crushes the kitchen waste, which includes bag breaking and extrusion; the bag breaking is to tear the bagged materials such as garbage bags, so that the garbage in the bag is scattered and extruded and crushed; the coarse crushing is a preliminary crushing of the kitchen waste, so that the crushed garbage particles can smoothly perform subsequent operations; the primary screening oversize is removed and transported to the collection bin for storage, and subsequent external disposal;

[0063] Secondary screening: the large impurity sorting device 3 screens the first screening undersize; the secondary screening oversize is the material with a size larger than the screen mesh hole, and the secondary screening undersize is the material with a size smaller than the screen mesh hole; the number and aperture of the screen mesh hole can be set according to actual needs; the large impurity sorting device 3 screens and removes the larger particle size material in the first screening undersize, that is, the secondary screening oversize is screened and removed, and the subsequent external handling is disposed of;

[0064] Tertiary screening: the extrusion device 4 finely crushes, dehydrates and screens the secondary screening undersize; the fine crushing extrudes and breaks most of the organic material in the secondary screening undersize; the tertiary screening oversize is the material that cannot be extruded and broken, and the tertiary screening undersize is the liquid and small particle material after breaking;

[0065] Quaternary screening: the spiral sorting device 5 finely crushes and screens the tertiary screening oversize; the tertiary screening oversize after fine crushing is spirally moved by high-pressure airflow, and the tertiary screening oversize of different densities falls into the plurality of sorting hoppers 53;

[0066] Among them, the heavy substances in the tertiary screening undersize are separated by centrifugation and gravity through the desanding device 6, the slurry after desanding is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment, and the heavy substances are subsequently disposed of externally; the tertiary screening oversize in the plurality of sorting hoppers 53 can be used to prepare nutrient raw materials, such as nutrient raw materials for aquatic organisms, after drying.

[0067] In this embodiment, the primary screening oversize includes plastic bags, cloth or paper. The primary screening oversize is transported to the rear-end collection bin for storage, and can be recycled for reuse subsequently. The heavy substances in the tertiary screening undersize include shells, glass, porcelain chips or sandstone. The hardness of the heavy substances is high, the heavy substances are screened out in advance, which can effectively protect the operation of the rear-end equipment, prolong the service life of the rear-end equipment, and also be more conducive to the subsequent anaerobic fermentation reaction.

[0068] The kitchen waste directly falls into the composite crushing device 2 through the receiving hopper 1. The receiving hopper 1 expands the range of garbage dumping, so that the garbage is more easily poured into the composite crushing device 2, effectively improving the efficiency of garbage dumping and reducing the cost of manual cleaning. At the same time, the transmission device between the transfer vehicle and the composite crushing device 2 is omitted, and the garbage can naturally fall into the receiving hopper 1 and the composite crushing device 2 through its own gravity, reducing the garbage transfer link and also reducing the equipment floor area and equipment cost.

[0069] The kitchen garbage is crushed by three times of coarse crushing, fine crushing and fine crushing, so that the particle size of the material is more uniform and smaller, the specific surface area is increased, which is more conducive to drying, and the subsequent preparation of nutrient raw materials or incineration is facilitated. Meanwhile, the composite crushing equipment 2, the miscellaneous separation equipment 3, the extrusion equipment 4 and the spiral separation equipment 5 correspond to four times of screening of the kitchen garbage, and the materials of different particle sizes are screened step by step, so that the oversize and undersize materials are separated and treated, the working pressure of the equipment is reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, the screening of the nutrient elements in the kitchen garbage is realized, the organic matter in the kitchen garbage is efficiently utilized, and waste is turned into treasure. And the kitchen garbage is also dehydrated during extrusion crushing, so that the water content of the three times of oversize materials in the multiple separation hoppers 53 is reduced, and the energy consumption of subsequent drying and dehydration is reduced.

[0070] The spiral separation equipment 5 moves the three times of oversize materials after fine crushing by high-pressure airflow. The materials generate friction, collision and heat again during the separation process, further reducing the particle size of the materials and increasing the temperature of the materials, and evaporating water.

[0071] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8 , the high-pressure airflow introduced into the spiral separation equipment 5 is preheated high-pressure airflow. The airflow can push the materials to move in a spiral path, and the pressure and flow rate of the airflow can be set as required, so that the materials corresponding to the density interval fall into the corresponding separation hopper 53, realizing the screening of the three times of oversize materials, and facilitating the subsequent selection of materials in the corresponding separation hopper 53 to prepare nutrient raw materials. The high-speed and high-pressure airflow intensifies the friction and collision between the materials, further crushing the materials, and at the same time, the friction generates heat, the water in the materials evaporates, the water content is reduced, and the subsequent dehydration process is facilitated. On this basis, the high-pressure airflow is preheated to form a high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, which pre-dries the materials and reduces the drying pressure of the rear-end drying equipment 7.

[0072] Further, the high-pressure airflow is filtered after passing through the spiral separation equipment 5 and is recycled. Since contaminated gas is emitted during the pretreatment of the kitchen garbage, the exhaust port of the spiral separation equipment 5 is connected with a negative pressure fan, and the filtered high-pressure airflow is recycled, which greatly reduces the emission of contaminated gas. Finally, the high-pressure airflow can be introduced into activated carbon or discharged into the atmosphere after AAO process reaction.

[0073] Secondly, before preparing the nutrient raw material, the three times of sieve oversize in the plurality of sorting hoppers 53 is fully dried by the drying equipment 7, and the dried material with a water content of 12% or less is obtained, and the dried material is transported to the collecting bin for cooling and bagging. Through the friction, collision of the foregoing spiral sorting equipment 5 and the pre-drying operation of the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, the drying pressure of the drying equipment 7 is greatly reduced, and the dried material with a water content of 12% or less is obtained, thereby saving the pretreatment cost. For the material in the sorting hopper 53 that needs to be incinerated, the reduction of the water content also facilitates the incineration of the material, thereby reducing the energy consumption.

[0074] In addition, the waste gas generated during the drying process is collected after the dust is separated by the cyclone separator, and then discharged after being deodorized by multiple sprayings. The spray condensate wastewater is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment. The dust after drying can be packaged and sealed for use as the required elements for preparing the nutrient raw material. The waste gas generated during the drying process is discharged to the atmosphere after being deodorized by spraying, and the wastewater generated by the spray deodorization is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment, thereby completing the purification of the waste gas generated during the pretreatment of the kitchen waste.

[0075] In addition, a kitchen waste pretreatment device is provided based on the kitchen waste pretreatment method as above. The pretreatment device includes a receiving hopper 1, a composite crushing device 2, a large impurity sorting device 3, an extrusion device 4, a spiral sorting device 5, and a desanding device 6. The receiving hopper 1 is arranged above the composite crushing device 2. The large impurity sorting device 3 is connected with the composite crushing device 2. The extrusion device 4 is connected with the large impurity sorting device 3. The spiral sorting device 5 is arranged below the extrusion device 4. The desanding device 6 is connected with the spiral sorting device 5, and the existing desanding device 6 can be selected.

[0076] Referring to Figure 3 The composite crushing device 2 includes a pair of crushing rollers 21, a plurality of screening rollers 22, and an impurity spiral roller 23. The plurality of screening rollers 22 are arranged in an array. The pair of crushing rollers 21 is arranged above the plurality of screening rollers 22. The kitchen waste falls from the receiving hopper 1 onto the pair of crushing rollers 21. The pair of crushing rollers 21 breaks the bag and extrudes the kitchen waste. The coarsely crushed material falls onto the plurality of screening rollers 22. In this embodiment, the screening rollers 22 are selected as disc screens. The sheet material is transported from the plurality of screening rollers 22 to the impurity spiral roller 23, which pushes the material to the collecting bin for storage, and then is transported out for disposal. The liquid material and the coarsely crushed material naturally fall through the gaps of the plurality of screening rollers 22 and are transported to the large impurity sorting device 3 for further processing. The composite crushing device 2 couples the bag breaking and sorting functions, reduces the occupied space of the device, shortens the material transport path, and improves the operation efficiency.

[0077] The large miscellaneous sorting device 3 includes an upper layer of a large material conveyor, a middle layer of a screen, a lower layer of a small material conveyor, and a shaftless spiral roller arranged between the large material conveyor and the screen. The shaftless spiral roller pushes the material to move along its axial direction by rotating, the material smaller than the screen hole enters the small material conveyor through the screen hole, and the material larger than the screen hole is pushed by the shaftless spiral roller to the large miscellaneous conveyor, and then is externally transported for disposal. The large miscellaneous sorting device 3 is used for screening and removing the large-diameter material in the primary undersize, and the large-diameter material has a large volume and easily affects the extrusion and crushing efficiency of the rear-end equipment. Therefore, the large-diameter material is screened out in advance, and the large-diameter material can be externally transported for disposal after being crushed by a press and then being poured into the receiving hopper 1 again for pretreatment.

[0078] Referring to Figure 4 , the extrusion device 4 includes a spiral roller 42, a screen barrel 41, and a pulp outlet tank 43. The spiral roller 42 is arranged in the screen barrel 41 and is coaxial with the screen barrel 41. The pulp outlet tank 43 is arranged below the screen barrel 41. In this embodiment, the spiral roller 42 includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of spiral blades. The plurality of spiral blades are arranged around the rotating shaft, and along the advancing direction of the material, the outer diameter of the spiral shaft gradually increases, the pitch of the spiral blade gradually decreases, and the extrusion force between the materials gradually increases. Most of the organic materials are extruded and broken, and the water in the organic materials is discharged and falls into the pulp outlet tank 43 along with the liquid material. The liquid material is discharged into the sand removal system through the pulp outlet tank 43 for further treatment. Through the ingenious arrangement of the outer diameter of the spiral shaft and the pitch of the spiral blade, the material is limited by the screen barrel 41, so that the material is gradually extruded and the extrusion force gradually increases, realizing efficient dehydration of the material.

[0079] As shown in Figure 5 , the spiral sorting device 5 includes a crushing cavity 51, a crusher 52, and a plurality of sorting hoppers 53. The crushing cavity 51 is arranged below the extrusion device 4, and the crushing cavity 51 receives the thrice oversize pushed by the extrusion device 4. The thrice oversize includes extruded and broken organic materials and contains a high content of organic matter. The crusher 52 is connected with the crushing cavity 51 to crush the thrice oversize. The plurality of sorting hoppers 53 are sequentially connected end to end. The leading ends of the plurality of sorting hoppers 53 are connected with the crushing cavity 51, and the trailing ends of the plurality of sorting hoppers 53 are closed. The plurality of sorting hoppers 53 are arranged in a spiral shape as a whole, thereby saving the occupied space of the device.

[0080] Specifically, the crusher 52 includes a motor and a plurality of layers of crushing knives. The motor is a high-speed motor. The plurality of layers of crushing knives are arranged along the axial direction of the motor spindle, and the crushing knives are made of wear-resistant stainless steel. The crusher 52 further crushes the material. After dehydration by the front-end extrusion device 4, the friction between the materials increases, so that the crushing efficiency of the crusher 52 is enhanced, which is beneficial to the high-speed movement of the material pushed by the subsequent high-pressure gas flow.

[0081] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the horizontal section of the sorting hopper 53 is spiral, the vertical section is polygonal or circular, a filter layer 531 is arranged in the sorting hopper 53, and a negative pressure fan and a high-pressure gas pump are arranged outside the sorting hopper 53; the negative pressure fan cooperates with the filter layer 531 to recycle high-pressure gas; the high-pressure gas pump provides high-pressure gas for the spiral sorting equipment 5, Figure 6 In the embodiment, the end and the side of the sorting hopper 53 are provided with a plurality of air nozzles 534, the plurality of air nozzles 534 are in communication with the high-pressure gas pump; the top end of the sorting hopper 53 is provided with a gas collecting hood 532, the gas collecting hood 532 is in communication with the negative pressure fan; the sorting hopper 53 is arranged with a ceramic wear-resistant layer 533 to improve the service life of the equipment and reduce the maintenance rate and failure rate of the equipment. In addition, the conveying pipeline of the high-pressure gas pump is provided with a heat tracing interlayer to preheat the high-pressure gas flow, and the preheating of the high-pressure gas flow is completed in the conveying process of the gas, thereby improving the conveying efficiency of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow.

[0082] Referring to Figure 8 The drying equipment 7, the dust removal equipment 8 and the spray tower 9 are synchronously arranged, the materials in the plurality of sorting hoppers 53 are selected according to requirements, are conveyed to the drying equipment 7 through the spiral conveying, the materials are fully dried by the drying equipment 7 through high-temperature steam, the drying products with a water content of 12% or less are obtained, and then the drying products are conveyed to the collecting bin through the spiral conveying for cooling and bagging, and the raw materials which can be used as the nutritional elements of aquatic organisms are obtained. The waste gas generated in the drying process is introduced into the dust removal equipment 8, dust is collected by a cyclone separator, and then the waste gas is introduced into a multi-stage spray deodorization device for emission after reaching the standard, and spray condensate wastewater is returned to an anaerobic fermentation system for treatment.

[0083] Preferably, the steam or flue gas used by the drying equipment is steam generated by combustion and heating of biogas generated after anaerobic degradation of the third-screened undersize, flue gas generated in the process of biogas power generation, or steam generated by a waste heat boiler.

[0084] It should be understood that the description of the specific embodiments of the present application is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical route and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and to implement it, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for pretreating kitchen garbage, characterized by, The application relates to a kitchen waste treatment device. The kitchen waste is dropped into a composite crushing device (2) through a receiving hopper (1), and the kitchen waste is coarsely crushed and screened in the composite crushing device (2); the primary screen upper material is sheet material, and the primary screen lower material is non-sheet material; The primary screen lower material is screened in a large impurity separation device (3); the secondary screen upper material is material with a size larger than a screen mesh hole, and the secondary screen lower material is material with a size smaller than the screen mesh hole; The secondary screen lower material is finely crushed, dewatered and screened in an extrusion device (4), and most of the organic material in the secondary screen lower material is broken by extrusion; the tertiary screen upper material is material that cannot be broken by extrusion, and the tertiary screen lower material is liquid and small particle material after being broken; The tertiary screen upper material is finely crushed and screened in a spiral separation device (5); the tertiary screen upper material after being finely crushed is spirally moved by high-pressure airflow blowing, and the tertiary screen upper material with different densities falls into multiple separation hoppers (53); The heavy substance in the tertiary screen lower material is centrifuged and separated by gravity in a desanding device (6), and the slurry after desanding is pumped into an anaerobic fermentation system for treatment; the tertiary screen upper material in the multiple separation hoppers (53) can be used to prepare nutrient raw materials after being dried; The spiral separation device (5) comprises a crushing cavity (51), a crusher (52) and multiple separation hoppers (53); the crushing cavity (51) is arranged below the extrusion device (4); the crusher (52) is connected with the crushing cavity (51) and used for crushing the tertiary screen upper material; the multiple separation hoppers (53) are sequentially connected end to end, the head end of the multiple separation hoppers (53) is connected with the crushing cavity (51), and the tail end of the multiple separation hoppers (53) is closed; The horizontal section of the separation hopper (53) is in a spiral shape, and the vertical section is in a polygonal or circular shape; the end of the separation hopper (53) is communicated with a high-pressure air pump; and the top end of the separation hopper (53) is communicated with a negative pressure air blower.

2. The pretreatment method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, characterized by, The high-pressure airflow introduced into the spiral separation device (5) is preheated high-pressure airflow.

3. The pretreatment method of kitchen garbage according to claim 2, characterized by, The high-pressure airflow is filtered through the spiral separation device (5), discharged and recycled.

4. The pretreatment method of kitchen garbage according to claim 1, characterized by, Before the nutrient raw materials are prepared, the tertiary screen upper material in the multiple separation hoppers (53) is fully dried by a drying device (7), dry material with a water content of less than 12% is obtained, and the dry material is transported to a collection bin for cooling and bagging.

5. The pretreatment method of kitchen garbage according to claim 4, characterized by, The waste gas generated in the drying process is collected after dust is collected by a cyclone separator, and then is discharged after being deodorized by multiple spraying, and the spraying condensate water is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation system for treatment.

6. A kitchen garbage pretreatment apparatus based on the kitchen garbage pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by The pretreatment device comprises: The receiving hopper (1); The composite crushing device (2) is arranged above the receiving hopper (1); The large impurity separation device (3) is connected with the composite crushing device (2); The extrusion device (4) is connected with the large impurity separation device (3); The spiral separation device (5) is arranged below the extrusion device (4); The desanding device (6) is connected with the spiral separation device (5).

7. The kitchen garbage pre-treating apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by, The extrusion device (4) comprises a screen mesh barrel (41) and a spiral roller (42) arranged in the screen mesh barrel (41). The outer diameter of the spiral roller (42) gradually increases along the advancing direction of the material, and the pitch of the blade of the spiral roller (42) gradually decreases.

8. The kitchen garbage pre-treating apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by, The pretreatment device further comprises a drying device (7) in communication with the plurality of sorting hoppers (53) respectively.

9. The kitchen garbage pre-treating apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by, The pretreatment device further comprises a dust removal device (8) and a spray tower (9), and the drying device (7), the dust removal device (8) and the spray tower (9) are sequentially communicated; the spray tower (9) is communicated with the anaerobic fermentation system.

Images