Ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite apparatus and method for metal laminated composite

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite equipment and method for metal layered composite materials, belonging to the field of metal layered composite material preparation technology. The equipment includes a rolling mechanism, a mechanical vibration mechanism, and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The mechanical vibration mechanism is mounted on the side of the first work roll of the rolling mechanism via a crankshaft and connecting rod actuation, providing mechanical vibration to the first work roll to improve the interfacial misalignment rate and enhance the interfacial bonding strength of the metal layered composite material. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism is connected to the second work roll of the rolling mechanism, leveraging the volume effect of ultrasonic vibration to coordinate the deformation of the constituent metal materials. The method of this invention is simple in process, convenient to implement, has high production efficiency and low cost, and produces metal layered composite materials with high interfacial bonding strength, good geometric accuracy, low internal residual stress, and no anisotropy problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal layered composite material preparation technology, specifically relating to an ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite equipment and method for metal layered composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] Metal layered composites are made of two or more component metal materials and possess superior comprehensive properties that cannot be achieved by a single metal material. They are widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, petrochemicals, electronics and information technology, marine vessels, defense and military industries, and daily life. Rolling composites, as a short-process and high-efficiency manufacturing technology, are particularly suitable for the continuous and mass production of metal layered composites. However, in traditional rolling composite technology, the interface of the metal layered composite material has problems such as low misalignment rate, poor metal fluidity, and insufficient fragmentation of oxide film and hardened layer. This leads to defects such as micropores and microcracks at the composite interface, resulting in large fluctuations in the interface bonding quality. In addition, due to the differences in the crystal structure, deformation resistance, work hardening rate, and other physical properties of the component metal materials, deformation incoordination is common during rolling composites. This results in high residual stress inside the prepared metal layered composite material, difficulty in controlling geometric dimensional accuracy (such as thickness uniformity and plate shape accuracy), and poor overall quality.

[0003] Ultrasonic vibration-assisted plastic forming technology applies ultrasonic vibrations of a specific frequency, amplitude, and direction to the metal material or die (or work roll). The ultrasonic vibration system, in conjunction with the ultrasonic vibrations of the metal material or die (or work roll), delivers ultrasonic energy to the metal material during the plastic forming process. Compared to traditional plastic forming processes, ultrasonic vibration-assisted plastic forming technology reduces the deformation resistance of the metal material, increases its plasticity and fracture limit, improves contact conditions, and enhances the geometric accuracy of the formed metal material. It is widely used in plastic forming processes such as rolling, drawing, and extrusion.

[0004] Applying ultrasonic vibration during the rolling and compounding process of metal layered composites can utilize the volume effect of ultrasonic vibration to reduce the stress-strain difference between dissimilar component metal materials, promote coordinated deformation of the metal materials, reduce residual stress after rolling, and minimize springback. However, the inevitable energy dissipation and attenuation during ultrasonic propagation greatly limits the application of ultrasound in the preparation of metal layered composites, especially in the preparation of millimeter-scale and larger metal layered composites, where it cannot solve problems such as low slip rate, poor metal fluidity, and insufficient fragmentation of oxide film and hardened layer.

[0005] Mechanical vibration-assisted rolling composite technology is a forced vibration rolling forming process for metal layered composite materials. A vibration mechanism drives one of the work rolls to undergo periodic mechanical vibration, which in turn causes periodic micro-misalignments in the metal material it contacts. Unaffected by energy propagation attenuation, this effectively introduces intense rolling forces into the interface to be laminated, increasing shear friction, promoting the breakage of oxide films and hardened layers, improving the misalignment rate and metal fluidity of the interface, and ultimately enhancing the bonding quality of the metal layered composite interface. However, mechanical vibration-assisted rolling composite technology also faces challenges in effectively coordinating the deformation of the component metal materials during the rolling forming of metal layered composite materials.

[0006] Existing ultrasonic or mechanical vibration-assisted rolling composite technologies also suffer from another common problem. That is, existing ultrasonic or mechanical vibration-assisted rolling composite equipment only applies vibration to one of the work rolls. This results in uneven stress distribution among the component metal materials, significant differences in atomic diffusion capabilities, markedly different softening effects, inconsistent deformation states, and difficulty in coordinating deformation. Consequently, these technologies cannot fully realize their ideal effects, leading to difficulties in controlling the geometrical dimensions of the prepared metal layered composite materials, significant differences in the microstructure of the component metal materials, and low interfacial bonding strength at the composite interface.

[0007] Furthermore, there are currently no studies, applications, or reports on integrating ultrasonic vibration and mechanical vibration together on the same metal layered composite plastic forming composite equipment.

[0008] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a vibration-assisted rolling composite equipment and method that can improve the misalignment rate of the interface to be composited while promoting coordinated deformation of dissimilar component metal materials, so as to meet the preparation and processing requirements of high-quality metal layered composite materials. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite equipment and method for metal layered composite materials. It simultaneously applies ultrasonic and mechanical vibrations to the rolling composite equipment, allowing them to work synergistically during the preparation of the metal layered composite material. The mechanical vibration mechanism is mounted on the side of the first work roll of the rolling mechanism via a crankshaft and connecting rod actuation, providing mechanical vibration to the first work roll and improving the interfacial misalignment rate, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding strength of the metal layered composite material. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism is connected to the second work roll of the rolling mechanism, leveraging the volume effect of ultrasonic vibration to coordinate the deformation of the constituent metal materials. This invention offers a simple process, convenient implementation, high production efficiency, low cost, and produces metal layered composite materials with high interfacial bonding strength, good dimensional accuracy, low internal residual stress, and no anisotropy issues.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite device for metal layered composite materials is provided, comprising a rolling mechanism, a mechanical vibration mechanism, and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism; the mechanical vibration mechanism in the vibration rolling composite device is mounted on the side of the first work roll of the rolling mechanism by means of a crankshaft connecting rod actuation, driving the first work roll to perform periodic mechanical vibration, and utilizing the positional misalignment between the first and second work rolls to introduce periodic shear friction force to the interface to be composited, thereby improving the fluidity of the metal at the interface to be composited, promoting the cracking of the oxide film and hardened layer, and enhancing the interfacial bonding strength of the metal layered composite material; the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is connected to the second work roll, driving... The second working roller undergoes ultrasonic vibration, which effectively softens the metal material in contact with it due to the volume effect of the ultrasonic vibration. Furthermore, due to the interfacial gap impedance, the ultrasonic energy is greatly dissipated as internal energy when passing through the interface to be composited. By arranging the metal laminated blanks at room temperature or in a heated state after the outer surface and the surface to be composited are treated, with the easily deformable metal material in contact with the first working roller and the difficult-to-deform metal material in contact with the second working roller, the deformation differences of dissimilar component metal materials can be effectively coordinated, the internal residual stress of the metal layered composite material can be reduced, the geometric dimensional accuracy of the metal layered composite material can be improved, and the strong metallurgical bonding of the composite interface can be promoted.

[0011] The rolling mechanism includes a first work roll, a second work roll, a cover plate, a pressing device, a bearing seat, a base plate, a spring assembly, a universal telescopic coupling, a gear support, a gear set, a gear set base, an input shaft, a rolling mill stand, and a stepper motor. The input shaft is fixedly connected to the stepper motor, providing driving force to the first work roll. The rolling torque is diverted to the second work roll by rotating the gear set mounted on the gear support. The input end of the rolling torque is connected to both the first and second work rolls via the universal telescopic coupling. The cover plate is fixedly mounted above the rolling mill stand. The pressing device is threaded onto the cover plate, and the rolling reduction is adjusted by adjusting the advance of the pressing device mounted on the cover plate. The rolling mill stand and the gear set base are mounted on the base plate, with the gear set base used to fix the gear support. The spring assembly is used to balance the weight of the second work roll.

[0012] The mechanical vibration mechanism includes a slider, a transmission connecting rod, a vibration connecting plate, a crankshaft, a crankshaft seat, a servo motor, a motor support, and a guide rail. The driving force for the mechanical vibration is provided by the servo motor, which is fixedly mounted on the motor support. The crankshaft is connected to the transmission connecting rod, and the crankshaft and the transmission connecting rod convert rotation into linear reciprocating vibration. The vibration connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the side of the first work roll, and the servo motor drives the transmission connecting rod, forcing the first work roll to perform periodic reciprocating vibration. To reduce the frictional resistance during the vibration of the first work roll, two bearing seats are mounted on the slider. The guide rail is fixedly mounted on the mill stand, and the guide rail is slidably mounted between the slider and the mill stand.

[0013] The ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, an ultrasonic transducer, and an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is controlled by the ultrasonic generator, and electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy through the piezoelectric ceramic in the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic generator is fixedly mounted on the crankshaft seat. The ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected to the ultrasonic transducer via a double-ended stud. The ultrasonic amplitude transformer is fixedly mounted on the side of the shaft end of the second work roll and rotates synchronously with the second work roll during rolling. Figure 1 As shown.

[0014] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism can also be installed above or below the second working roller, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the second work roll is driven to vibrate up and down; it can also be arranged in front of or behind the second work roll in the rolling direction, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the second work roll is driven to undergo ultrasonic vibration along the rolling direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the mechanical vibration frequency f of the mechanical vibration mechanism 1i The ultrasonic vibration frequency f of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is 1–100 Hz. 2i The frequency range is 1 to 50 kHz.

[0016] Furthermore, the first work roll and the second work roll are respectively the upper work roll and the lower work roll, and the rolling mechanism includes 0 to 20 intermediate rolls or support rolls.

[0017] Furthermore, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is tightly connected to the ultrasonic transducer and coated with an ultrasonic coupling agent to eliminate air and reduce the impedance transmitted at the interface. The connection wires of the ultrasonic transducer are connected by brushes.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a vibration rolling composite method using the above-mentioned ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite equipment for metal layered composite materials is provided, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Adjust the pressing device according to the critical pressing amount of the metal laminated billet to change the roll gap between the first work roll and the second work roll;

[0020] Step 2: Start the stepper motor and control the rotational speed of the first and second working rollers through a computer program, so that the first and second working rollers rotate at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is stable during rotation;

[0021] Step 3: Start the servo motor to make the first work roller move at f 1i Mechanical vibration frequency (f) 1i The mechanical vibration frequency adjustment range is 1-100Hz. Mechanical vibration is performed axially; simultaneously, the ultrasonic generator is activated, causing the second working roller to vibrate at f... 2i ultrasonic vibration frequency (f) 2i The ultrasonic vibration frequency adjustment range is 1 to 50 kHz, which generates stable ultrasonic vibration with the ultrasonic transducer and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer.

[0022] Step 4: After the rotation of the first working roller and the second working roller, the mechanical vibration of the first working roller, and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roller have all stabilized, the metal laminated blank, with its outer surface and the surface to be laminated treated at room temperature or heated, is fed into the roll gap between the first working roller and the second working roller in a manner where the easily deformable metal material contacts the first working roller and the difficult-to-deform metal material contacts the second working roller; wherein, the easily deformable metal material refers to the component metal material in the metal laminated blank that is the easiest to deform, and the difficult-to-deform metal material refers to the component metal material in the metal laminated blank that is the most difficult to deform.

[0023] Step 5: At rolling speed v i Mechanical vibration frequency f 1i and ultrasonic vibration frequency f 2i Under certain conditions, the metal laminated billet is subjected to ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite to obtain a high-quality metal layered composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0024] Furthermore, the metal layered composite material is subjected to 1 to 10 subsequent composite rolling processes as needed.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. The device of this invention applies ultrasonic vibration and mechanical vibration simultaneously on a rolling composite machine, realizing the organic synergistic coupling effect of the two. This solves the shortcomings of traditional mechanical vibration or ultrasonic vibration-assisted rolling composite equipment in preparing metal layered composite materials, which can only apply vibration to one layer of component metal material and cannot simultaneously apply independent vibration to two or more component metal materials. While promoting the coordinated deformation of dissimilar component metal materials, it increases the slip rate of their composite interface, enhances the atomic diffusion ability of two or more component metal materials, as well as the fluidity and plastic deformation ability of the metal, improves the geometric dimensional accuracy and interfacial bonding strength of metal layered composite materials, and reduces the deformation difference between the component metal materials of metal layered composite materials, greatly improving the overall quality of metal layered composite materials.

[0027] 2. The equipment of the present invention adopts a servo motor to drive the vibration of the first working roll, which avoids the eccentricity problem that exists when rolling metal materials of different thicknesses, greatly expands the versatility of the equipment, and can realize the efficient preparation of metal layered composite materials of different thicknesses.

[0028] 3. The method of the present invention has simple procedures, is easy to implement, has high production efficiency and low cost, and the prepared metal layered composite material has high interfacial bonding strength, good geometric accuracy, low internal residual stress, and does not have problems such as anisotropy. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite device observed from the side of the servo motor that applies ultrasonic vibration to the side of the roll shaft end, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite device observed from the non-servo motor side of the roll shaft end side when ultrasonic vibration is applied to the side of the roll shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a front view of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite equipment that applies ultrasonic vibration to the side of the roll shaft end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a side view of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite equipment in which ultrasonic vibration is applied to the side of the end of a roll shaft, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite device that applies ultrasonic vibration in the vertical direction of the roll shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite device that applies ultrasonic vibration to the front and rear directions of the rolling mill shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, 1-first working roll; 2-second working roll; 3-cover plate; 4-pressing device; 5-slider; 6-bearing seat; 7-base plate; 8-ultrasonic amplitude transformer; 9-ultrasonic transducer; 10-spring assembly; 11-transmission connecting rod; 12-vibration connecting plate; 13-crankshaft; 14-crankshaft seat; 15-servo motor; 16-motor support; 17-universal telescopic coupling; 18-gear bracket; 19-gear set; 20-gear set base; 21-input shaft; 22-rolling mill stand; 23-guide rail; 24-stepper motor; 25-ultrasonic generator. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments based on the above-described invention.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1-6As shown, a composite material ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling device for metal layered composite materials according to the present invention mainly includes three parts: a rolling mechanism, a mechanical vibration mechanism, and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The mechanical vibration mechanism is installed on the side of the first working roll 1 of the rolling mechanism by means of crankshaft connecting rod actuation, driving the first working roll 1 to perform periodic mechanical vibration; the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is connected to the second working roll 2, driving the second working roll 2 to generate ultrasonic vibration.

[0040] The rolling mechanism includes a first work roll 1, a second work roll 2, a cover plate 3, a pressing device 4, a bearing seat 6, a base plate 7, a spring assembly 10, a universal telescopic coupling 17, a gear support 18, a gear set 19, a gear set base 20, an input shaft 21, a rolling mill stand 22, and a stepper motor 24. The input shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the stepper motor 24, providing driving force to the first work roll 1. The rolling torque is diverted to the second work roll 2 by rotating the gear set 19 mounted on the gear support 18. The input end of the braking torque is connected to the first work roll 1 and the second work roll 2 respectively through the universal telescopic coupling 17. The cover plate 3 is fixedly installed above the mill stand 22. The pressing device 4 is installed on the cover plate 3 by means of threads. The rolling pressing amount is adjusted by adjusting the screw advance of the pressing device 4 installed on the cover plate 3. The mill stand 22 and the gear set base 20 are installed on the base plate 7. The gear set base 20 is used to fix the gear bracket 18. The spring set 10 is used to balance the gravity of the second work roll 2.

[0041] The mechanical vibration mechanism includes a slider 5, a transmission connecting rod 11, a vibration connecting plate 12, a crankshaft 13, a crankshaft seat 14, a servo motor 15, a motor support 16, and a guide rail 23. The driving force for the mechanical vibration is provided by the servo motor 15, which is fixedly mounted on the motor support 16. The crankshaft 13 is connected to the transmission connecting rod 11, and the crankshaft 13 and the transmission connecting rod 11 convert rotation into linear reciprocating vibration. The vibration connecting plate 12 is rotatably mounted on the side of the shaft of the first work roll 1, and the servo motor 15 drives the transmission connecting rod 11 to force the first work roll 1 to perform mechanical reciprocating vibration. To reduce the frictional resistance of the first work roll 1 during vibration, two bearing seats 6 are mounted on the slider 5. The guide rail 23 is fixedly mounted on the mill stand 22, and the guide rail 23 is slidably mounted between the slider 5 and the mill stand 22.

[0042] The ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8, an ultrasonic transducer 9, and an ultrasonic generator 25. The ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is controlled by the ultrasonic generator 25, and electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy through the piezoelectric ceramic in the ultrasonic transducer 9. The ultrasonic generator 25 is fixedly mounted on the crankshaft seat 14. The ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 9 through a double-ended stud. The ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 is fixedly mounted on the side of the shaft end of the second work roll 2 and rotates synchronously with the second work roll 2 during rolling.

[0043] In addition, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism can also be installed above or below the second working roller 2, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the second work roll 2 is driven to vibrate up and down; it can also be arranged in front of or behind the second work roll 2 in the rolling direction, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the second working roll 2 is driven to undergo ultrasonic vibration along the rolling direction.

[0044] Furthermore, the mechanical vibration frequency f of the mechanical vibration mechanism 1i For example, the ultrasonic vibration frequency f of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is 1–100 Hz. 2i For example, 1 to 50 kHz.

[0045] Furthermore, the first work roll 1 and the second work roll 2 are respectively the upper work roll and the lower work roll, and the rolling mechanism includes, for example, 0 to 20 intermediate rolls or support rolls.

[0046] Furthermore, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 and the ultrasonic transducer 9 are tightly connected and coated with ultrasonic coupling agent to eliminate air and reduce the impedance transmitted at the interface. The connection line of the ultrasonic transducer 9 is connected by a brush.

[0047] The present invention also provides a vibration rolling composite method using the above-mentioned ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite equipment for metal layered composite materials, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Adjust the pressing device 4 according to the critical pressing amount of the metal laminated billet to change the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2;

[0049] Step 2: Start the stepper motor 24 and control the rotation speed of the first working roller 1 and the second working roller 2 through the computer program, so that the first working roller 1 and the second working roller 2 rotate at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is stable during rotation;

[0050] Step 3: Start the servo motor 15 to make the first working roller 1 move at f 1i Mechanical vibration frequency (f) 1i The frequency adjustment range is, for example, 1 to 100 Hz, to mechanically vibrate along the axial direction; at the same time, the ultrasonic generator 25 is activated, causing the second working roller 2 to vibrate at f 2i ultrasonic vibration frequency (f) 2i The ultrasonic vibration frequency adjustment range is, for example, 1 to 50 kHz, and the ultrasonic transducer 9 and ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 produce stable ultrasonic vibration.

[0051] Step 4: After the rotation of the first working roller 1 and the second working roller 2, as well as the mechanical vibration of the first working roller 1 and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roller 2, have stabilized, the metal laminated blanks with their outer surfaces and surfaces to be laminated, in a room temperature or heated state, are fed into the roll gap between the first working roller 1 and the second working roller 2 in a manner where the easily deformable metal material contacts the first working roller 1 and the difficult-to-deform metal material contacts the second working roller 2; where the easily deformable metal material refers to the component metal material in the metal laminated blank that is the easiest to deform, and the difficult-to-deform metal material refers to the component metal material in the metal laminated blank that is the most difficult to deform.

[0052] Step 5: At rolling speed v i Mechanical vibration frequency f 1i and ultrasonic vibration frequency f 2i Under certain conditions, ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite of metal laminated billets is carried out to obtain high-quality metal layered composite materials with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0053] Here, the metal layered composite material is subjected to, for example, 1 to 10 passes of subsequent composite rolling as needed.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite of copper / aluminum layered composite materials (original billet thickness: 2mm aluminum plate + 1mm copper plate):

[0056] First, the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 is adjusted to 1.8mm using the pressing device 4 (the critical pressing amount for copper / aluminum laminated billets is 40%). Then, the stepper motor 24 is started, and the computer program controls the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 to move at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is maintained at 1 m / min for stable rotation; the servo motor 15 is started to make the first work roll 1 rotate at f 1i Mechanical vibration is performed along the axial direction at a mechanical vibration frequency of 50Hz, and then the ultrasonic generator 25 is activated to make the second working roller 2 vibrate at a frequency of f. 2i A stable ultrasonic vibration is generated between the ultrasonic transducer 9 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 at an ultrasonic vibration frequency of 20kHz. After the rotation of the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2, the mechanical vibration of the first working roll 1 and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roll 2 are stabilized, the copper / aluminum laminated billet at room temperature after mechanical polishing of the outer surface and the surface to be composited is fed into the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 in such a way that the aluminum plate contacts the first working roll 1 and the copper plate contacts the second working roll 2. Ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite is performed to obtain a high-quality copper / aluminum layered composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite of copper / aluminum layered composite materials (original billet thickness: 1.5mm aluminum plate + 1.3mm copper plate):

[0059] First, the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 is adjusted to 1.9mm using the pressing device 4 (the critical pressing amount for copper / aluminum laminated billets is 32%). Then, the stepper motor 24 is started, and the computer program controls the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 to move at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is maintained at 1 m / min for stable rotation; the servo motor 15 is started to make the first work roll 1 rotate at f 1i Mechanical vibration is performed along the axial direction at a mechanical vibration frequency of 20Hz, and then the ultrasonic generator 25 is activated to make the second working roller 2 vibrate at a frequency of f 2i A stable ultrasonic vibration is generated between the ultrasonic transducer 9 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 at an ultrasonic vibration frequency of 25 kHz. After the rotation of the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2, the mechanical vibration of the first working roll 1 and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roll 2 are stabilized, the copper / aluminum laminated billet at room temperature after mechanical polishing of the outer surface and the surface to be composited is fed into the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 in such a way that the aluminum plate contacts the first working roll 1 and the copper plate contacts the second working roll 2. Ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite is carried out to obtain a high-quality copper / aluminum layered composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] Ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite of magnesium / aluminum layered composites (original billet thickness: 2mm magnesium plate + 1mm aluminum plate):

[0062] First, the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 is adjusted to 1.8mm using the pressing device 4 (the critical pressing amount for magnesium / aluminum laminated billets is 40%). Then, the stepper motor 24 is started, and the computer program controls the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 to move at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is maintained at 1 m / min for stable rotation; the servo motor 15 is started to make the first work roll 1 rotate at f 1i Mechanical vibration is performed axially at a mechanical vibration frequency of 70Hz, and then the ultrasonic generator 25 is activated to make the second working roller 2 vibrate at a frequency of f 2iA stable ultrasonic vibration is generated between the ultrasonic transducer 9 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 at an ultrasonic vibration frequency of 30 kHz. After the rotation of the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2, the mechanical vibration of the first working roll 1 and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roll 2 are stabilized, the magnesium / aluminum laminated billet after mechanical grinding of the outer surface and the surface to be composited is heated to 400℃ for 10 minutes. Then, the aluminum plate is fed into the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 in the manner of contact between the aluminum plate and the first working roll 1 and the magnesium plate and the second working roll 2, and ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite is performed to obtain a high-quality magnesium / aluminum layered composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite of magnesium / aluminum layered composites (original billet thickness: 1mm magnesium plate + 1mm aluminum plate):

[0065] First, the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 is adjusted to 1.4mm using the pressing device 4 (the critical pressing amount for magnesium / aluminum laminated billets is 30%). Then, the stepper motor 24 is started, and the computer program controls the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 to move at a speed of v. i The rolling speed is maintained at 1 m / min for stable rotation; the servo motor 15 is started to make the first work roll 1 rotate at f 1i Mechanical vibration is performed axially at a mechanical vibration frequency of 90Hz, and then the ultrasonic generator 25 is activated to make the second working roller 2 vibrate at a frequency of f. 2i A stable ultrasonic vibration is generated between the ultrasonic transducer 9 and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 at an ultrasonic vibration frequency of 45 kHz. After the rotation of the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2, the mechanical vibration of the first working roll 1 and the ultrasonic vibration of the second working roll 2 are stabilized, the magnesium / aluminum laminated billet after mechanical grinding of the outer surface and the surface to be composited is heated to 400℃ for 10 minutes. Then, the aluminum plate is fed into the roll gap between the first working roll 1 and the second working roll 2 in the manner of contact between the aluminum plate and the first working roll 1 and the magnesium plate and the second working roll 2, and ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite is performed to obtain a high-quality magnesium / aluminum layered composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

[0066] In summary, the technical solution of this invention drives the first working roll to perform periodic mechanical vibration through a mechanical vibration mechanism. This causes the first and second working rolls to induce periodic micro-misalignments in the metal materials they contact, thereby increasing the shear friction at the interface to be composited and enhancing the interfacial bonding strength of the metal layered composite material. Furthermore, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism arranged on the second working roll introduces ultrasonic energy into the deformation zone of the rolling composite process. By assembling the metal laminated billets at room temperature or heated state after the outer and composite surfaces have been treated, with the easily deformable metal material contacting the first working roll and the difficult-to-deform metal material contacting the second working roll, the deformation differences between dissimilar component metal materials can be effectively coordinated, reducing the internal residual stress of the metal layered composite material and improving the geometric accuracy of the metal layered composite material. The ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling composite equipment of this invention organically and synergistically couples ultrasonic vibration and mechanical vibration, fully leveraging the advantages of both vibrations in the preparation and processing of metal layered composite materials. While increasing the misalignment rate at the interface to be composited, it also reduces the deformation differences between dissimilar component metal materials, significantly improving the overall quality of the metal layered composite material. The vibration rolling composite method of this invention has a simple process, is easy to implement, has high production efficiency and low cost, and produces metal layered composite materials with high interfacial bonding strength, good geometric accuracy, low internal residual stress, and no anisotropy problems.

[0067] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal laminate composite ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite apparatus, characterized by, It comprises rolling mechanism, mechanical vibration mechanism and ultrasonic vibration mechanism; the mechanical vibration mechanism is installed on the side of the first work roll (1) of the rolling mechanism in the way of crank connecting rod actuation, drives the first work roll (1) to carry out periodic mechanical vibration; the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is connected with the second work roll (2), drives the second work roll (2) to carry out ultrasonic vibration, Wherein, the rolling mechanism comprises the first work roll (1), the second work roll (2), the cover plate (3), the screwdown device (4), the bearing seat (6), the bottom plate (7), the spring group (10), the universal telescopic coupling (17), the gear support (18), the gear set (19), the gear set base (20), the input shaft (21), the rolling mill housing (22) and the stepping motor (24); wherein, the input shaft (21) is fixedly connected with the stepping motor (24), the gear set (19) is rotatably installed on the gear support (18), the input end of rolling torque is connected with the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) through the universal telescopic coupling (17), the cover plate (3) is fixedly installed above the rolling mill housing (22), the screwdown device (4) is installed on the cover plate (3) in the way of thread; the rolling mill housing (22) and the gear set base (20) are installed on the bottom plate (7), the gear set base (20) is used for fixedly installing the gear support (18); the spring group (10) is used for balancing the gravity of the second work roll (2); Wherein, the mechanical vibration mechanism comprises the sliding block (5), the transmission connecting rod (11), the vibration connecting disc (12), the crankshaft (13), the crankshaft seat (14), the servo motor (15), the motor support (16) and the guide rail (23); wherein, the servo motor (15) is fixedly installed on the motor support (16), the crankshaft (13) is connected with the transmission connecting rod (11), the vibration connecting disc (12) is rotatably installed on the side of the first work roll (1), the transmission connecting rod (11) is driven by the servo motor (15), so that the first work roll (1) makes mechanical reciprocating vibration; two bearing seats (6) are installed on the sliding block (5), the guide rail (23) is fixedly installed on the rolling mill housing (22), and the guide rail (23) and the sliding block (5) are slidably installed; Wherein, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism comprises the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8), the ultrasonic transducer (9) and the ultrasonic generator (25); wherein, the ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is controlled by the ultrasonic generator (25); the ultrasonic generator (25) is fixedly installed on the crankshaft seat (14), the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) is connected with the ultrasonic transducer (9) through a double-end stud, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) is fixedly installed on the shaft end side of the second work roll (2); The mechanical vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration mechanism is 1-100 Hz, and the ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is 1-50 kHz. f 1i The mechanical vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration mechanism is 1-100 Hz, and the ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is 1-50 kHz. f 2i The mechanical vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration mechanism is 1-100 Hz, and the ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is 1-50 kHz.

2. The ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling complex for metal layered composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibration mechanism is installed above or below the second work roll (2).

3. The ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling apparatus for metal layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein The ultrasonic vibration mechanism is installed in front of or behind the rolling direction of the second work roll (2).

4. The ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling apparatus for metal layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein The first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) are respectively an upper work roll or a lower work roll, and the rolling mechanism comprises 0-20 intermediate rolls or support rolls.

5. The ultrasonic-mechanical coupled vibration rolling apparatus for metal layered composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic horn is disposed in the vicinity of the lower roll. The ultrasonic horn (8) is tightly connected with the ultrasonic transducer (9) and is coated with ultrasonic coupling agent; and the connecting wire of the ultrasonic transducer (9) is connected by an electric brush.

6. A vibration-rolling compounding method using the ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling compounding apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: adjust the rolling device (4) according to the critical reduction of the metal laminated blank to change the roll gap between the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2); Second step: start the step motor (24), and control the rotating speed of the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) through the computer program, so that the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) rotate steadily at the rolling speed of v i ​ Third step: start the servo motor (15) to make the first working roller (1) mechanically vibrate along the axial direction at a mechanical vibration frequency of f 1i 1-100 Hz, f 1i at the same time, start the ultrasonic generator (25) to make the second working roller (2) ultrasonically vibrate at an ultrasonic vibration frequency of f 2i 1-50 kHz, f 2i stable ultrasonic vibration occurs between the ultrasonic transducer (9) and the ultrasonic horn (8). Step 4: after the rotation of the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) and the mechanical vibration of the first work roll (1) and the ultrasonic vibration of the second work roll (2) are stable, the metal laminated blank in the room temperature state or the heated state after the treatment of the outer surface and the surface to be compounded is sent into the roll gap between the first work roll (1) and the second work roll (2) in the mode that the easy-to-deform metal material contacts the first work roll (1) and the difficult-to-deform metal material contacts the second work roll (2); Fifth step: under the conditions of rolling speed v i , mechanical vibration frequency f 1i and ultrasonic vibration frequency f 2i , the metal laminated blank is subjected to ultrasonic-mechanical coupling vibration rolling composite to obtain high-quality metal laminated composite material with strong metallurgical bonding at the composite interface.

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