Supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage gas recovery device and method based on additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of gas well production, more particularly to a supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas recovery device and method based on additive manufacturing. The supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas recovery device based on additive manufacturing comprises a cyclone nozzle, a shearing nozzle, a pressurizing chamber and a Laval nozzle. The supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas recovery method based on additive manufacturing comprises the following steps: step one, accelerating and separating the gas-liquid two-phase in the cyclone nozzle; step two, mixing the gas-liquid two-phase in the shearing nozzle; step three, pressurizing the gas-liquid two-phase in the pressurizing chamber; and step four, atomizing and spraying out the gas-liquid two-phase by the Laval nozzle. The present application designs a supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas recovery device and method based on additive manufacturing. Through the three-stage supersonic atomization device, the liquid phase is dispersed in the gas phase, and the water is lifted to the ground by the carrying action of the gas, thereby ensuring the production of the gas well and truly playing a role in drainage, and stabilizing the gas well production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas well development, and more specifically to a supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction device and method based on additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas extraction has become a top priority for global economic development. An increasing number of gas reservoirs are being developed, with water-bearing gas reservoirs making up a significant proportion. To improve the economic efficiency of water-bearing gas reservoirs, reduce development costs, and increase recovery rates, most gas fields utilize advanced technologies for reservoir development. During development, natural gas migrates from formation pores to the wellhead, carrying with it some condensate water, mobile water, and other liquids. When gas well production is high and the gas-liquid velocity at the bottom of the well is high, with a relatively small fluid volume, water reaches the surface with the gas flow; conversely, a large amount of liquid accumulates in the wellbore. This accumulation increases the back pressure on the gas reservoir, adversely affecting its production capacity, and can even completely shut down the well. The series of measures taken to drain excessive formation liquid or water from the wellbore or surrounding areas to restore normal operation of the gas well is called drainage gas production.

[0003] Water-flooded gas production is an effective measure to remove accumulated liquid from gas wells during the mid-to-late stages of production, thereby increasing the output of water-flooded gas wells. It is applicable not only to partially or completely water-flooded wells but also to effectively delay the entry of flowing gas wells into the liquid accumulation stage. Currently, commonly used water-flooded gas production technologies include: optimized tubing string water-flooded gas production, plunger gas lift water-flooded gas production, electric submersible pump water-flooded gas production, mechanical pumping water-flooded gas production, foam water-flooded gas production, and eddy current tool water-flooded gas production. However, each water-flooded gas production technology has its limitations. For example, optimized tubing string water-flooded gas production is relatively complicated to construct and requires a large investment; electric submersible pump water-flooded gas production requires pump installation, power supply, and treatment of the discharged water, resulting in high costs and difficulty in guaranteeing economic benefits; foam water-flooded gas production suffers from defoaming problems. Research and invention of water-flooded gas production technologies and methods have been ongoing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention designs a supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction device and method based on additive manufacturing. Through the three-stage supersonic atomization device, the liquid phase is dispersed in the gas phase, and the water is lifted to the ground by the carrying effect of the gas, thereby ensuring gas well production and truly playing the role of drainage, and stabilizing gas well output.

[0005] The supersonic atomized drainage gas collection system and method designed in this paper are realized by a three-stage supersonic atomizing nozzle.

[0006] The three-stage supersonic atomizing nozzle consists of four parts: a swirling nozzle, a shearing nozzle, a pressurization chamber, and a Laval nozzle. It is important to note that the complexity of the swirling nozzle's spiral variable-diameter flow channel and the unique structure and layout of the shearing grid in the shearing nozzle cannot be manufactured using traditional casting methods; therefore, additive manufacturing is required.

[0007] The three-stage supersonic atomizing drainage and gas production system is integrated into the wellbore. Its specific location depends on the amount of liquid accumulation in the wellbore; it can be placed vertically in the vertical section, or in the directional drilling section and horizontal section. The deployment time is flexible, allowing it to be used both in the early stages of production for preventative purposes and in the later stages for treatment purposes.

[0008] The supersonic three-stage atomized drainage and gas extraction device based on additive manufacturing includes a swirling nozzle, a shearing nozzle, a pressurizing chamber, and a Laval nozzle. The swirling nozzle, shearing nozzle, pressurizing chamber, and Laval nozzle are connected sequentially by threads.

[0009] The swirling nozzle is sequentially provided with a device inlet, a spiral variable diameter flow channel, a flow channel outlet, and a transition chamber, and the gas-liquid two-phase fluid enters from the device inlet.

[0010] The spiral variable diameter flow channel continuously narrows and spirals along the axial direction, and its radial cross-section is a three-headed spiral shape.

[0011] The shear nozzle is equipped with a fluid separator and a shear grid. The fluid separator is located in the middle of the shear nozzle, and the shear grid is located around the fluid separator. After being accelerated and separated by the swirling nozzle, the gas and liquid phases enter the shear nozzle.

[0012] The gas and liquid phases, after being mixed by the shear nozzle, enter the pressurization chamber through the inlet of the pressurization chamber.

[0013] The structure of the fluid separator is an ellipsoid, that is, the axial radius gradually increases from both ends to the center.

[0014] The pressurization chamber is a variable diameter spray chamber, and the pressurization chamber is provided with the fastest curve flow channel one. The emulsified gas and liquid phases are pressurized through the fastest curve flow channel one.

[0015] The fluid, pressurized by the pressurization chamber, enters the Laval nozzle through the inlet.

[0016] The Laval nozzle consists of a second fastest curve flow channel, a transition chamber, the Laval nozzle body, and a device outlet.

[0017] After being accelerated through the fastest curve flow channel, it enters the transition chamber and then the Laval nozzle body.

[0018] The design of the Laval nozzle body allows high-speed airflow to pass through a constricting channel, increasing its speed and generating negative pressure, which then enables supersonic atomization.

[0019] A supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction method based on additive manufacturing includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Accelerate and separate the gas and liquid phases inside the cyclone nozzle;

[0021] Step 2: Mixing the gas and liquid phases inside the shear nozzle;

[0022] Step 3: The gas and liquid phases enter the pressurization chamber for pressurization;

[0023] Step 4: The Laval nozzle atomizes and sprays the atomized material. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the possible assembly positions of the supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage gas collection device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage gas collection device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-head swirling nozzle in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-head swirling nozzle in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 5 These are the axial and radial cross-sectional views of the flow channel of the three-head swirl nozzle in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0030] Figure 6 These are the axial and radial cross-sectional views of the flow channel of the three-head swirl nozzle in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0031] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the shear nozzle in this invention. The device contains multiple sets of intersecting grid structures.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the shear nozzle in this invention. The device contains multiple sets of intersecting grid structures.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the shear nozzle in this invention. The device contains multiple sets of intersecting grid structures.

[0034] Figure 10This is a cross-section of the shear nozzle structure in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0035] Figure 11 This is a cross-section of the shear nozzle structure in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0036] Figure 12 This is a cross-section of the shear nozzle structure in this invention. Figure 3 .

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization chamber in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization chamber in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0039] Figure 15 This is the cross-section of the pressurized chamber in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 16 This is the cross-section of the pressurized chamber in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 17 The Laval nozzle in this invention Figure 1 .

[0042] Figure 18 The Laval nozzle in this invention Figure 2 .

[0043] Figure 19 This is the cross-section of the Laval nozzle in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0044] Figure 20 This is the cross-section of the Laval nozzle in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0045] Swirl nozzle 1; Shear nozzle 2; Pressurization chamber 3; Laval nozzle 4; Device inlet 5; Spiral variable diameter flow channel 6; Flow channel outlet 7; Transition chamber 8; Flow divider 9; Shear grid 10; Fastest curve flow channel one 11; Pressurization chamber inlet 12; Inlet 13; Device outlet 14; Fastest curve flow channel two 15; Transition chamber 16; Laval nozzle body 17. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described based on embodiments, but it is worth noting that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following detailed description of the invention, certain specific details are described in detail. However, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention for the parts not described in detail.

[0047] The direction of fluid flow is as follows Figure 2As indicated by the arrows, the fluid enters the device through the swirling nozzle 1, passes sequentially through the shearing nozzle 2 and the pressurizing chamber 3, and is finally ejected through the Laval nozzle 4. The various parts of the device are fixed together by threaded connections.

[0048] A supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction method based on additive manufacturing includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: The gas and liquid phases are accelerated and separated inside the swirl nozzle 1; the gas and liquid two-phase fluid flows from... Figure 3 The device shown has inlet 5 leading to the supersonic atomizing drainage gas collection device. Upon entering the device, it first undergoes primary acceleration via swirling nozzle 1. (The text repeats itself here.) Figure 3-4 As shown, the swirling nozzle 1 consists of a spiral variable diameter flow channel 6, a flow channel outlet 7, and a transition chamber 8. The structure of the spiral variable diameter flow channel 6 is as follows: Figure 5-6 As shown, the flow channel continuously narrows and spirals along the axial direction, and the radial cross-section is a three-headed spiral shape.

[0050] The spiral variable-diameter flow channel 6 accelerates the gas-liquid two-phase velocity by narrowing its diameter, while simultaneously separating the two phases through swirling flow. The gas phase has a high velocity and mainly flows out from the central part of the spiral variable-diameter flow channel 6. Compared to the density of the gas phase, the liquid phase has a higher density, so the liquid phase will move radially under the influence of inertia in the spiral variable-diameter flow channel 6. Under the high-speed carrying effect of the gas phase, the liquid phase will move axially within the spiral flow channel. After acceleration by the spiral variable-diameter flow channel 6, the gas and liquid phases flow out of the spiral variable-diameter flow channel 6 from the outlet 7, pass through the transition chamber 8, and enter the shear nozzle 2. The swirling nozzle 1 serves to initially accelerate the fluid and separate the gas and liquid phases, preparing for the subsequent shearing action of the shear nozzle 2. This step is called "first-stage acceleration".

[0051] Step 2: Gas-liquid two-phase mixing occurs within shear nozzle 2; after acceleration and separation by swirling nozzle 1, the gas-liquid two-phase mixture enters shear nozzle 2. For example... Figure 7-9 As shown, the shear nozzle 2 consists of a fluid distributor 9 and a shear grid 10. The fluid distributor 9 has a "crystal"-like ellipsoid structure, meaning that its axial radius gradually increases from both ends to the center, as shown in the figure. Figure 10-12 As shown. This structure allows gas to flow towards the pipe wall while minimizing energy loss. The structure of the shear grid 10 is as follows. Figure 7-9 As shown, the overall structure intersects in a "finger" shape. The cross-section of each cell of the shear grid is as follows: Figure 10-12 As shown, it is crescent-shaped.

[0052] After the gas and liquid phases enter the shear nozzle 2, the high-speed gas phase at the center of the pipe is blocked by the separator 9 and flows to both sides of the pipe. The function of the separator 9 is to move the high-speed gas phase towards the pipe wall, so that the high-speed gas phase mixes with the sheared liquid phase at the pipe wall, thereby achieving the purpose of lifting and carrying the liquid phase with maximum kinetic energy and efficiency of the high-speed gas phase. The liquid phase separated by the swirling nozzle 1 is sheared by the shear grid 10, and the water droplet size is reduced from large droplets to small droplets of 400-800 μm, and then it mixes with the high-speed gas phase flowing to both sides of the pipe. Under the action of emulsification, the gas and liquid phases are initially mixed at the shear nozzle 2, so that the liquid phase is uniformly dispersed in the gas phase as a dispersed phase. This step is called "secondary emulsification".

[0053] Step 3: The gas-liquid two-phase mixture enters the pressurization chamber 3 for pressurization; the gas-liquid two-phase mixture, after being mixed by the shear nozzle 2, enters the pressurization chamber 3 through the pressurization chamber inlet 12. The pressurization chamber 3 is a variable-diameter spray cavity, such as... Figure 13-14 As shown, the emulsified gas and liquid phases are pressurized through the fastest curve flow channel 11, which disperses the sheared droplets in the gas phase, achieving a more thorough mixing of the gas and liquid phases and preparing for final atomization.

[0054] Step 4: The Laval nozzle 4 atomizes and sprays the atomized material; the Laval nozzle 4 consists of the fastest curve flow channel 14, the transition chamber 16, and the Laval nozzle body 17, as shown below. Figure 17-20 As shown, the fluid, pressurized in pressurization chamber 3, enters Laval nozzle 4 through inlet 13. After being accelerated through the fastest curve flow channel 14, it enters transition chamber 16 and then the Laval nozzle body 17. The design of the Laval nozzle body 17 allows the high-speed airflow to pass through a converging channel, increasing its velocity and generating negative pressure. Under the action of negative pressure, supersonic atomization is achieved, with droplet sizes reaching 20-80 μm. In addition, the Laval nozzle body 17 also has the advantages of high reliability and wide applicability. Finally, the gas-liquid two-phase system is ejected from the device outlet 15. This step is called "three-stage atomization".

Claims

1. A supersonic three-stage atomized drainage gas collection device based on additive manufacturing, comprising a swirling nozzle (1), a shearing nozzle (2), a pressurization chamber (3), and a Laval nozzle (4), characterized in that: The swirling nozzle (1), shearing nozzle (2), pressurizing chamber (3), and Laval nozzle (4) are connected in sequence; The swirling nozzle (1) is provided with a device inlet (5), a spiral variable diameter flow channel (6), a flow channel outlet (7) and a transition chamber (8) in sequence, and the gas-liquid two-phase fluid enters from the device inlet (5); The spiral variable diameter flow channel (6) continuously narrows and spirals along the axial direction, and the radial cross section is a three-headed spiral shape. The shear nozzle (2) is provided with a separator (9) and a shear grid (10). The separator (9) is located in the middle of the shear nozzle (2), and the shear grid (10) is located around the separator (9). After being accelerated and separated by the swirling nozzle (1), the gas and liquid phases enter the shear nozzle (2). The gas and liquid phases mixed by the shear nozzle (2) enter the pressurization chamber (3) through the pressurization chamber inlet (12); The structure of the fluid separator (9) is an ellipsoid, that is, the axial radius gradually increases from both ends to the center; The pressurization chamber (3) is a variable diameter spray chamber. The pressurization chamber (3) is equipped with the fastest curve flow channel (11). The emulsified gas and liquid phases are pressurized through the fastest curve flow channel (11). The fluid pressurized by the pressurization chamber (3) enters the Laval nozzle (4) through the inlet (13).

2. The supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage and gas extraction device based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirling nozzle (1), shearing nozzle (2), pressurizing chamber (3), and Laval nozzle (4) are connected in sequence by threads.

3. The supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage and gas extraction device based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Laval nozzle (4) consists of the second fastest curve flow channel (15), the transition chamber (16), the Laval nozzle body (17), and the device outlet (14); After being accelerated through the fastest curve flow channel two (15), it enters the transition chamber (16) and then enters the Laval nozzle body (17).

4. The supersonic three-stage atomizing drainage and gas extraction device based on additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The design of the Laval nozzle body (17) allows high-speed airflow to pass through a constricted channel, increasing its speed and generating negative pressure, which then enables supersonic atomization.

5. A supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction method, said method being based on the additive manufacturing-based supersonic three-stage atomization drainage gas extraction device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Accelerate and separate the gas and liquid phases inside the swirling nozzle (1); Step 2: Gas-liquid two-phase mixing inside the shear nozzle (2); Step 3: The gas and liquid phases enter the pressurization chamber (3) for pressurization; Step 4: The Laval nozzle (4) atomizes and sprays the atomized material.

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