A combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device

Abstract

The present invention provides a combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device, comprising a plurality of rotating anti-collision units (2) arranged along the circumference of a bridge pier (1), the rotating anti-collision units comprising energy-absorbing fenders (3), a fixing assembly and a rotating shaft (4), the energy-absorbing fenders being rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the two ends of the rotating shaft being fixed to the bridge pier via fixing assemblies, and the energy-absorbing fenders being able to float up and down along the rotating shaft along with the water level. The present invention adopts modular rotating anti-collision units, and an appropriate number of rotating anti-collision units can be adopted according to the size of the bridge pier, which is convenient for transportation, simple to install and disassemble, and has strong universality; it has higher flexibility and short response time, and can instantly rotate around the pin shaft at the moment when a yawing ship collides with the bridge pier, immediately changing the direction of the ship's collision force and guiding the yawing ship to turn and slide along the outer side of the rotating anti-collision unit, taking away most of the ship's kinetic energy, thereby significantly reducing the ship's impact damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge pier anti-collision, and in particular to a combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device. Background Art

[0002] As structures spanning waterways, bridges are undoubtedly obstacles to ships. Furthermore, the construction of bridges also alters the bridge area's environment, such as water velocity, wind speed, curves, scour, siltation, and tidal levels. Furthermore, the development of shipping has led to larger, faster, and more numerous ships, making ship-bridge collisions inevitable. The use of appropriate anti-collision devices is essential to ensure the safety of bridges and ships in the event of a sudden collision, thereby avoiding or mitigating the catastrophic consequences of such collisions, including damage to the bridge, casualties, and environmental pollution.

[0003] At present, the most common bridge pier anti-collision facilities in China are to wrap the energy-absorbing material as a whole on the bridge pier. The main principle is that when the ship collides with the anti-collision facilities, part of the ship's kinetic energy is converted into the strain energy of the energy-absorbing material. In order to better absorb the kinetic energy of the ship, the anti-collision facilities are usually large in size to play a buffering role. However, this structure is inconvenient to install and has poor adaptability. When the impact force is too large, the protection effect on ships and bridge piers is not ideal. Another common bridge pier anti-collision facility uses anti-collision piers. The principle is to set the anti-collision piers in front of the bridge piers. If the ship yaws, it will hit the anti-collision piers instead of the bridge piers, thereby protecting the bridge. However, this collision process is a rigid collision, which will cause great damage to the ship. In severe cases, it may even cause casualties to the crew.

[0004] Chinese patent literature discloses a "bridge pier with a rotating anti-collision protection device", and its announcement number is CN207597239U. This utility model comprises, from the inside to the outside, a bridge pier, a high-damping concrete resin glue mixed layer, a shock absorber, a rolling shaft, a polyurethane foam buffer layer, an anti-collision steel plate layer, and an anti-collision protection pad. A rolling shaft is provided on the inside of the polyurethane foam buffer layer, which can enable the hull to quickly deviate from its course, thereby guiding the impact force brought by the hull and other objects to deflect away from the bridge pier, thereby improving the effect of the impact force deflecting away from the bridge pier. However, the utility model has at least the following defects: (1) It adopts an integral wrapping structure, which needs to be designed according to the specific shape of the bridge pier and has poor universality; (2) Since there is a large contact surface between the bridge pier and the polyurethane foam buffer layer, when an object such as a ship suddenly hits the bridge pier, it is necessary to overcome the friction between multiple rolling axes and the bridge pier and the polyurethane foam buffer layer along the circumference of the side of the bridge pier in order to rotate the anti-collision protection layer. The response time is long and the buffering energy absorption effect cannot be sent back in the first time; (3) The height cannot be adjusted according to the real-time water level of the river, and it is easy to be submerged by the river water, which is inconsistent with the actual height of the impacting ship, resulting in ineffective protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined rotatable pier anti-collision device that can be adjusted with the water level, has a fast response speed, can change the direction of the ship collision force, and guide the ship to turn, thereby significantly reducing the destructive force of the ship collision.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device, comprising a plurality of rotating anti-collision units arranged along the circumference of the bridge pier, wherein the rotating anti-collision units include energy-absorbing fenders, fixing components and rotating shafts, wherein the energy-absorbing fenders are rotatably connected to the rotating shafts, and the two ends of the rotating shafts are fixed to the bridge piers via fixing components, and the energy-absorbing fenders can float up and down along the rotating shafts according to the water level.

[0007] The present invention utilizes modular rotating anti-collision units. On the one hand, an appropriate number of rotating anti-collision units can be combined and arranged along the circumference of the pier, depending on the size of the pier to be protected. This facilitates transportation, is simple to install and disassemble, and offers strong universal applicability. On the other hand, compared to integrally wrapped rotating anti-collision devices, it offers greater flexibility and a shorter response time. At the moment a yawing ship collides with a pier, the energy-absorbing fender of the rotating anti-collision unit on the impacted portion of the pier can instantly rotate around the pin, immediately changing the direction of the ship's impact force and guiding the yawing ship to turn and slide along the outer side of the rotating anti-collision unit, removing most of the ship's kinetic energy and significantly reducing the destructive force of the impact. The energy-absorbing fender can float up and down along the rotating axis with the water level, providing strong adaptability to tidal ranges. This ensures that the energy-absorbing fender and the ship are at the same water level, improving protective stability.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing assembly includes an upper fixing assembly and a lower fixing assembly that are relatively arranged, the upper fixing assembly includes an upper fixing vertical plate and an upper ear plate fixed vertically to the upper fixing vertical plate, the lower fixing assembly includes a lower fixing vertical plate and a lower ear plate fixed vertically to the lower fixing vertical plate, the upper ear plate and the lower ear plate are correspondingly provided with an upper limit hole and a lower limit hole, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected in the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole, and the upper fixing vertical plate and the lower fixing vertical plate are fixed on the bridge pier.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the upper and lower limit holes is compatible with the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the length of the upper and lower limit holes is greater than the diameter of the rotating shaft to form a buffer space. When a yawing ship collides with a bridge pier, a huge impact force is generated on the rotating shaft, which can easily cause damage or even breakage. By designing a buffer space, when the energy-absorbing fender is impacted, squeezed, and deformed, the rotating shaft drives the energy-absorbing fender to move along the length of the upper and lower limit holes, simultaneously releasing some kinetic energy and effectively reducing the destructive force of the yawing ship's impact on the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the length directions of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole are both toward the bridge pier, thereby making the reaction force generated by the collision stay away from the bridge pier, and having a certain guiding effect on the yawing ship.

[0011] Preferably, when the rotating shaft and the upper limit hole are aligned with the edge of the pier, the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is greater than the rotation radius R of the energy-absorbing fender. This design can avoid the energy-absorbing fender from interfering with and squeezing the fixed component during rotation, thereby improving the anti-collision effect.

[0012] Preferably, the density of the energy-absorbing fender is less than the density of water, ensuring that the energy-absorbing fender can float on the water surface.

[0013] Preferably, the energy-absorbing fender is a homogeneous solid cylindrical structure, which is easy to process and has a stable structure.

[0014] Preferably, the energy-absorbing fender is an EVA fender or a polyurethane fender, which has large energy absorption, small reaction force, and good resilience. The product will not be deformed due to force after being subjected to force, ensuring that the hull of the yawing ship and the bridge pier are not damaged.

[0015] As described above, the combined rotatable pier anti-collision device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The modularized rotating anti-collision unit allows, on the one hand, a suitable number of rotating anti-collision units to be arranged circumferentially along the pier according to the size of the pier to be protected, making it easy to transport, simple to install and disassemble, and highly universal. On the other hand, compared with the integrally wrapped rotating anti-collision device, it is more flexible and has a shorter response time. At the moment a yawing ship collides with a pier, the energy-absorbing fender of the rotating anti-collision unit on the impacted portion of the pier can instantly rotate around the pin, immediately changing the direction of the ship's impact force and guiding the yawing ship to turn and slide along the outer side of the rotating anti-collision unit, removing most of the ship's kinetic energy and significantly reducing the ship's impact damage. The energy-absorbing fender can float up and down along the rotating axis with the water level, has a strong ability to adapt to tidal ranges, and can ensure that the energy-absorbing fender and the ship are at the same water level, improving the stability of the protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device and the bridge pier.

[0017] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the rotation anti-collision unit of Example 1.

[0018] Figure 3 Display as Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction.

[0019] Figure 4 Display as Figure 2 Top view of .

[0020] Figure 5 It shows the assembly structure diagram of the upper fixed vertical plate and the upper ear plate.

[0021] Figure 6 Display as Figure 5 Top view of .

[0022] Figure 7 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure when the rotating shaft and the edge of the upper limit hole close to the bridge pier in Example 2 are in contact with each other.

[0023] Explanation of Figure Numbers

[0024] 1 bridge pier

[0025] 2 Rotating anti-collision units

[0026] 3 Energy-absorbing fenders

[0027] 4 shafts

[0028] 5 Upper fixed vertical plate

[0029] 6 Upper ear plate

[0030] 7 Lower fixed vertical plate

[0031] 8 Lower ear plate

[0032] 9 Upper limit hole

[0033] 10 Lower limit hole

[0034] 11 Buffer Space

[0035] 12 Chemical anchor bolts DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0038] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connect," "fixed," and "disposed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or connections within two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device, including a plurality of rotating anti-collision units 2 arranged along the circumference of the bridge pier 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the rotating anti-collision unit includes an energy-absorbing fender 3, a fixing assembly, and a rotating shaft 4. The energy-absorbing fender is a homogeneous, solid cylindrical EVA fender with a density less than that of water. The fender is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are fixed to the bridge pier via fixing assemblies. The energy-absorbing fender can float up and down along the rotating shaft with the water level.

[0041] like Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixing assembly includes an upper fixing assembly and a lower fixing assembly arranged relatively, the upper fixing assembly includes an upper fixing riser 5 and an upper ear plate 6 fixed vertically to the upper fixing riser, the lower fixing assembly includes a lower fixing riser 7 and a lower ear plate 8 fixed vertically to the lower fixing riser, the upper ear plate and the lower ear plate are respectively provided with an upper limit hole 9 and a lower limit hole 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the width of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole is matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the length of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole is greater than the diameter of the rotating shaft to form a buffer space 11; the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected in the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole, and the upper fixed vertical plate and the lower fixed vertical plate are fixed to the bridge pier through chemical anchor bolts 12, and the length direction of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole are both toward the bridge pier. The upper fixed vertical plate and the lower fixed vertical plate are steel plates. Figure 4 As shown, when the rotating shaft is aligned with the edge of the upper limit hole away from the pier, the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is equal to the rotation radius R of the energy-absorbing fender.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the installation process of the combined rotatable pier anti-collision device and the pier of this embodiment is as follows: according to the actual size of the pier, an appropriate number of rotating anti-collision units 2 are selected, and the upper fixing plate 5 and the lower fixing plate 7 are respectively fixed to the pier by chemical anchor bolts 12. At this time, in each rotating anti-collision unit 2, the rotating shaft and the edge of the upper limit hole away from the pier are aligned, and the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is equal to the rotation radius R of the EVA fender. The edge of the EVA fender is tangent to the surface of the pier; the EVA fender floats on the water surface under the action of buoyancy.

[0043] The anti-collision principle of the combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] At the moment when the yawing ship collides with the bridge pier, the EVA fender of the rotating anti-collision unit of the impacted part of the pier is deformed, and the rotating shaft drives the EVA fender to move along the length direction of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole, while releasing part of the kinetic energy, effectively reducing the impact damage of the yawing ship on the rotating shaft. At the same time, the EVA fender rotates around the pin shaft, immediately changing the direction of the ship's impact force, and guiding the yawing ship to turn, sliding along the outside of the rotating anti-collision unit, taking away most of the ship's kinetic energy, greatly reducing the ship's impact damage, with higher flexibility and shorter response time.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The embodiment of the present application provides a combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device, comprising a plurality of rotating anti-collision units 2 arranged along the circumference of a bridge pier 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rotating anti-collision unit includes an energy-absorbing fender 3, a fixing assembly, and a rotating shaft 4. The energy-absorbing fender is a solid, cylindrical polyurethane fender with a density less than that of water. The fender is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, which is secured to the bridge pier at both ends via fixing assemblies. The fender can float up and down along the rotating shaft with the water level.

[0047] The fixing assembly includes an upper fixing assembly and a lower fixing assembly that are relatively arranged. The upper fixing assembly includes an upper fixing riser 5 and an upper ear plate 6 fixed vertically to the upper fixing riser. The lower fixing assembly includes a lower fixing riser 7 and a lower ear plate 8 fixed vertically to the lower fixing riser. The upper ear plate and the lower ear plate are respectively provided with an upper limit hole 9 and a lower limit hole 10. Figure 4 As shown, the width of the upper and lower limit holes is matched with the diameter of the shaft, and the length of the upper and lower limit holes is greater than the diameter of the shaft to form a buffer space 11; the two ends of the shaft are rotatably connected in the upper and lower limit holes respectively, and the upper and lower fixed vertical plates are fixed to the piers by chemical anchor bolts 12, and the length directions of the upper and lower limit holes are both facing the piers. Figure 7As shown, when the rotating shaft is aligned with the edge of the upper limit hole close to the bridge pier, the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is greater than the rotation radius R of the energy-absorbing fender.

[0048] The anti-collision principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] The installation process of the combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device and the bridge pier of this embodiment is as follows:

[0050] According to the actual size of the pier, an appropriate number of rotating anti-collision units 2 are selected, and the upper fixed plate 5 and the lower fixed plate 7 are respectively fixed to the pier by chemical anchor bolts 12. At this time, in each rotating anti-collision unit 2, the rotating shaft is aligned with the edge of the upper limit hole away from the pier, and the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is equal to the rotation radius R of the polyurethane fender. The edge of the energy-absorbing fender is tangent to the surface of the pier, and the polyurethane fender floats on the water under the action of buoyancy.

[0051] The anti-collision principle of the combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0052] At the moment when the yawing ship collides with the bridge pier, the polyurethane fender of the rotating anti-collision unit of the impacted part of the bridge pier first moves along the length direction of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole under the drive of the rotating shaft to the following position: Figure 7 The polyurethane fender rotates smoothly around the pin, immediately redirecting the ship's impact force and guiding the yawing ship to turn, sliding along the outside of the rotating anti-collision unit, removing most of the ship's kinetic energy and significantly reducing the ship's impact damage. This design prevents the polyurethane fender from interfering with the fixed components during rotation, causing jamming. This improves the anti-collision effect and service life, while also providing greater flexibility and shortening response time.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the method of the present invention. These improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with this profession without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of rotating anti-collision units (2) arranged along the circumference of a bridge pier (1), wherein the rotating anti-collision units comprise energy-absorbing fenders (3), a fixing assembly and a rotating shaft (4), wherein the energy-absorbing fenders are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are fixed to the bridge pier via the fixing assembly, and the energy-absorbing fenders can float up and down along the rotating shaft along with the water level; the fixing assembly comprises an upper fixing assembly and a lower fixing assembly arranged relatively, wherein the upper fixing assembly comprises an upper fixing vertical plate (5) and an upper ear plate (6) fixed perpendicularly to the upper fixing vertical plate, and the lower fixing assembly comprises a lower fixing vertical plate (7) and a lower ear plate (8) fixed perpendicularly to the lower fixing vertical plate The upper ear plate and the lower ear plate are respectively provided with an upper limit hole (9) and a lower limit hole (10), the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected in the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole, and the upper fixed vertical plate and the lower fixed vertical plate are fixed on the bridge pier; the width of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole is consistent with the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the length of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole is greater than the diameter of the rotating shaft to form a buffer space (11); the length direction of the upper limit hole and the lower limit hole is toward the bridge pier; when the rotating shaft and the upper limit hole are close to the edge of the bridge pier, the distance D between the center of the rotating shaft and the upper fixed vertical plate is greater than the rotation radius R of the energy-absorbing fender.

2. The combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing fender has a density less than that of water.

3. The combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing fender is a homogeneous solid cylindrical structure.

4. The combined rotatable bridge pier anti-collision device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing fender is an EVA fender or a polyurethane fender.

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