A method and apparatus for cyclone degreasing with built-in fiber-induced polymerization enhancement

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for enhanced cyclone oil removal using built-in fibers to induce aggregation and strengthen the process. The method includes the following steps: an oil-water mixture enters a hydrocyclone axially and undergoes cyclone separation under the action of swirling blades. Under centrifugal force, larger oil droplets migrate to the axis of the hydrocyclone to form oil cores, which then flow out from the oil phase outlet at the top of the hydrocyclone. The hydrocyclone contains bundles of oleophilic fibers arranged in a conical fan shape. These fibers capture small oil droplets, promoting their aggregation into larger droplets through their agglomeration effect, which then migrates towards the axis under centrifugal force. Furthermore, the fibers guide the flow of water, inducing the small oil droplets to migrate towards the oil phase outlet. The method and apparatus of this invention provide stable separation, a compact structure, and enhance the oil-water cyclone separation process, improving both efficiency and accuracy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation in petrochemical industry and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method and device for oil removal by fiber-induced coalescence and enhanced cyclone. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a mature heterogeneous separation device, the cyclone separation technology device is widely used in the field of oil-water separation due to its small size, light weight, high separation efficiency, simple structure and easy maintenance.

[0003] The cyclone separator is divided into a tangential inlet type cyclone separator and an axial flow vane type cyclone separator according to different feeding modes. The conical cyclone with tangential inlet feeds the oil-water mixture into the cyclone at high speed along the tangential inlet, and under the action of the centrifugal field which is several hundred or even thousands of times higher than the gravity field, the oil-water mixture is quickly separated by using the density difference between the light and heavy phases, and the oil-water two-phase pre-separation can be widely used.

[0004] The axial flow vane type cyclone adopts axial feeding, relies on the rotation of the cyclone vane, and the cyclone vane provides a tangential velocity for the oil-water mixture. The mixture leaving the guide vane produces vortex motion under the action of the centrifugal field and the gravity field. The axial flow vane type cyclone produces rotational flow through the cyclone vane, and the cyclone vane can make the fluid flow uniformly and effectively prevent eccentricity. The outlet angle of the cyclone vane in the axial flow type hydrocyclone is an important structural parameter affecting the flow field distribution of the fluid in the cyclone chamber. Properly increasing the outlet angle is beneficial to increasing the tangential velocity and reducing the axial velocity; but too large angle will form serious turbulence in the cyclone, which will lead to a sharp increase in pressure drop loss and cause the problem of liquid droplet breakage. The design of the cyclone vane in the axial flow type hydrocyclone is one of the key factors determining its separation performance.

[0005] However, the oil droplet size in the oil-water mixture is distributed in multiple scales, and the smaller the oil droplet size, the more difficult the oil-water separation. Unlike solid particle dispersion phase, oil droplets can be broken and coalesced. If the cyclone diameter is simply reduced and the tangential velocity is increased to produce stronger liquid phase turbulence, it will lead to oil droplet breakage, making separation more difficult and increasing energy consumption. The existing technology often uses a fiber coalescer for high-precision separation of oil-water mixture, but generally requires a relatively long separation time. For the hydrocyclone which only performs oil-water two-phase pre-separation, if the oleophilic fiber and the cyclone can be effectively coupled, the coalescence and flow guiding effect of the oleophilic fiber can be used to strengthen the cyclone separation, which will effectively improve the oil-water separation effect of the cyclone without increasing the floor area. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a method and device for built-in fiber induced coalescence and enhanced cyclone oil removal, which combines the medium coalescence technology and cyclone separation technology, and provides a new type of rotating blade, reduces the liquid drop shearing and breaking phenomenon caused by fluid turbulence when passing through the guide vane, and enhances the oil-water separation effect; on the other hand, the coalescence and flow guiding effect of the oil-wet fiber arranged in the form of a conical sector makes the small oil drops at the outer edge of the cyclone field captured by the oil-wet fiber under the polarity effect and coalesced, thereby enhancing the cyclone separation and improving the oil-water separation efficiency and precision.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A method for built-in fiber induced coalescence and enhanced cyclone oil removal, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) The oil-water mixture enters the cyclone along the axial direction, and the mixture obtains appropriate tangential velocity and axial velocity under the flow guiding effect of the rotating blade; under the centrifugal force, the large oil drops with large particle size migrate to the axial center of the cyclone to form an oil core, and flow out from the oil phase outlet at the top of the cyclone, and the water phase flows out from the water phase outlet at the side wall of the cyclone.

[0010] (2) The oil-wet fiber bundle arranged in the form of a conical sector is arranged in the cyclone, the apex of the oil-wet fiber bundle is arranged below the oil phase outlet, the bottom surface of the oil-wet fiber bundle is below the apex and can be arranged at any cross section of the cyclone as required; the oil-wet fiber of the oil-wet fiber bundle captures the small oil drops at the outer cyclone position due to small particle size by means of polarity, on the one hand, the coalescence effect of the oil-wet fiber promotes the coalescence of the small oil drops attached to the oil-wet fiber into large oil drops, and the small oil drops migrate to the axial center under the centrifugal force; on the other hand, the flow guiding effect of the oil-wet fiber induces the small oil drops to migrate to the oil phase outlet direction under the action of water flow drag force; the oil-water cyclone separation is enhanced by the coalescence and flow guiding of the oil-wet fiber.

[0011] In the method, the average particle size of the large oil drops in the oil-water mixture is greater than 50 microns, and the average particle size of the small oil drops is 20-50 microns.

[0012] The present application is further provided that the oil-wet fiber bundle arranged in the form of a conical sector is arranged in a multi-layer structure, the apex of each layer of the oil-wet fiber bundle is at the same position, and the bottom surface is at different cross sections in the cyclone.

[0013] The present application is further provided that the number of layers of the oil-wet fiber bundle is not less than 2, the number of oil-wet fibers in each layer is not less than 12, the oil-wet fibers are uniformly distributed along the circumference, the diameter of the oil-wet fibers is not greater than 200 microns, and is preferably 20-50 microns.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the material of the oleophilic fiber is selected from, but not limited to, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, etc., preferably polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0015] The invention is further configured such that the helical inclination angle of the swirling blade gradually increases, and the helical inclination angle α at the blade outlet is 55° to 65°. The swirling blade adopts a design of smooth connection of circular arc segments with variable helical inclination angle to form a gradual transition flow channel, so that the mixed liquid enters the hydrocyclone and first undergoes a steady flow in the flow channel before changing the flow direction.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the oil-water mixture enters the stabilizing section of the hydrocyclone after passing through the swirl-initiating blades. The stabilizing section is a tapered structure with a small angle to the vertical plane. On the one hand, it can smoothly increase the tangential velocity of the mixture; on the other hand, the appropriate cone angle of the stabilizing section can promote the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixture and reduce the probability of oil droplet breakage.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a device for built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone degreasing, the device being a cyclone core tube structure comprising, from bottom to top, a swirl initiation section, a swirl stabilization section, several stages of fiber polymerization sections, and a separation section, wherein:

[0018] The swirl-inducing section is a cylindrical structure with a liquid inlet at the bottom and a swirl-inducing device inside.

[0019] The stabilizing section is a pipe section that gradually narrows from bottom to top;

[0020] The fiber coalescing section is a columnar structure, with several levels of fiber coalescing sections connected sequentially from bottom to top. The upper end of the separation section is provided with a top-end retainer, and the lower end of each level of the fiber coalescing section is provided with a bottom-end retainer. Several oleophilic fibers are uniformly connected between the top-end retainer and the bottom-end retainer, and the fiber bundles formed by the oleophilic fibers are arranged in several layers of conical fan-shaped surfaces.

[0021] The separation section includes a tapered section from bottom to top and an outer cylinder disposed outside the tapered section. The tapered section is located outside the fiber bundle formed by the oleophilic fibers. The tapered section has multiple water outlet holes on its sidewalls. The top of the tapered section has an oil phase outlet, and the outer cylinder has a water phase outlet on its outer wall.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that the fiber coalescing segment is preferably configured as 1 to 5 levels, more preferably 1 to 2 levels.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that a bottom fixing device is provided at any cross-sectional position within the tapered section of the separation segment, and a plurality of oleophilic fibers are connected between the bottom fixing device and the top fixing device to form a bundle of oleophilic fibers arranged in a conical fan shape; preferably, it is provided at the lower end of the tapered section.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that a bottom fixing device is provided at any cross-sectional position within the stabilizing section, and several oleophilic fibers are connected between the bottom fixing device and the top fixing device to form a bundle of oleophilic fibers arranged in a conical fan shape, which advances the separation time of small oil droplets and makes the separation more rapid; preferably, it is provided at the lower end of the stabilizing section.

[0025] The present invention is further configured such that the top and bottom fixing devices are not limited to a single shape, structure and connection method, including but not limited to a straight fiber traction device with perforations, a cross-shaped fiber traction device, a star-shaped fiber traction device, an annular fiber traction device, and fixing rings and fixing hooks provided on the inner wall of the cyclone core tube, as long as the oleophilic fibers are fixed by the top and bottom fixing devices at both ends to form a fiber bundle arranged in a conical fan shape.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that the diameter D1 of the starting section is preferably 15-35 mm and the length L1 is (3-5)D1.

[0027] The invention is further configured such that the swirl-initiating device includes a core located on a central axis and a plurality of swirl-initiating blades arranged around the core. Each swirl-initiating blade includes a deflector section at its lower end and a guide section at its upper end. The deflector section is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the swirl-initiating section, and the guide section is spirally arranged around the core. The spiral angle α of the guide section gradually increases from bottom to top, and the spiral angle α at the outlet of the guide section blade is 55° to 65°.

[0028] The present invention is further configured such that the number of swirl-initiating blades of the swirl-initiating device is 4 to 6, the outer diameter D11 of the swirl-initiating blades is equal to the diameter D1 of the swirl-initiating section, the radial width D12 of the core is (1 / 3 to 2 / 3)D11, the axial length H3 of the swirl-initiating blades is (1.5 to 2.5)D11, and the axial length H4 of the swirl-initiating device is (2 to 3)D11; the core is located at the lower end of the swirl-initiating blades in a hemispherical structure and at the upper end in a semi-ellipsoidal structure; the swirl-initiating blades are preferably located 5 to 10 mm above the liquid inlet.

[0029] The present invention is further configured such that the length L2 of the stabilizing section is (2-6)L1, and the included angle β between the tube wall of the stabilizing section and the tube wall of the initiating section is 174°-179.5°, preferably 176°-179°.

[0030] The present invention is further configured such that the diameter D2 of each fiber coalescing segment is 10-20 mm and the length L3 is (2-5)D2.

[0031] The present invention is further configured such that the oleophilic fibers are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the enhanced cyclone separation device, the number of oleophilic fibers in each fiber bundle is not less than 12, and the diameter of the oleophilic fibers is not greater than 200 micrometers, preferably 20 to 50 micrometers.

[0032] The present invention is further configured such that the diameter D9 of the outer cylinder of the separation section is (1.2~2.5)D1 and the length L4 is (2~4)D9; the diameter D3 of the water phase outlet is (0.7~0.9)D1 and the diameter D4 of the oil phase outlet is 4~10mm.

[0033] The present invention is further configured such that 20 to 40 water outlet holes are provided on the side wall of the tapered section, and the diameter D10 of the water outlet holes is 2 to 5 mm; the included angle γ between the side wall of the tapered section and the tube wall of the fiber coalescing section is 170° to 179°, preferably 174° to 178°.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. The built-in fiber-induced aggregation and enhanced cyclone oil removal method of the present invention, through the coupling of an axial flow hydrocyclone and at least two layers of oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape, enables the effective separation of large oil droplets in the oil-water mixture under the action of cyclone. The aggregation and guiding effect of the coupled oleophilic fibers enhances the cyclone separation effect, effectively improving the separation efficiency of small-diameter oil droplets; and the arrangement position of the oleophilic fiber bundles can be adjusted as needed to adjust the separation time and separation rate of small oil droplets.

[0036] Meanwhile, the device for cyclone oil removal with built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced separation of the present invention has a compact structure, high separation efficiency, and stable separation effect. It can be adapted to the separation of oil-water mixtures containing oil droplets of different sizes, and the number of layers of oleophilic fibers, the number of oleophilic fibers in each layer, and the diameter of the oleophilic fibers can be flexibly adjusted according to parameters such as the diameter of the small oil droplets. Through the above method and device, the removal of small oil droplets with an average particle size range of 20-50 micrometers in oil-water mixtures can be significantly enhanced, and the removal rate of oil droplets with an average particle size range of 20 micrometers or larger can be improved.

[0037] 2. The swirling blade guide section of the present invention adopts a design with a smooth connection of circular arc segments with variable spiral inclination angle to form a gradually changing transition channel. This allows the mixed liquid to first pass through a stable flow channel before changing its flow direction, reducing the droplet shearing and breakage phenomenon caused by turbulence when the fluid passes through the guide blade, and enhancing the separation effect of oil and water phases.

[0038] 3. The gradually narrowing structure of the stabilizing section of the present invention is designed with a small angle of inclination, which can gradually increase the tangential velocity of the mixture and reduce the impact of the decrease in centrifugal force as the mixture rises; at the same time, it helps to promote the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixture and reduce the probability of oil droplet breakage.

[0039] 4. The separation device of the present invention can arrange multiple cyclone core tubes in parallel through distribution pipes, so that the throughput has high operational flexibility and is widely applicable to the petroleum and petrochemical industry. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cyclone separation enhanced by the aggregation of oleophilic fibers;

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram illustrating how the flow-guiding effect of oleophilic fibers enhances cyclone separation;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional distribution of oil droplets of different sizes in a swirling flow field;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a device for incorporating fiber-induced polymerization and enhancing cyclone degreasing.

[0044] Figure 5 An exploded view of a device for incorporating fiber-induced polymerization and enhancing cyclone degreasing;

[0045] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a device for incorporating fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone degreasing;

[0046] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a device for incorporating fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone degreasing (without fibers);

[0047] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the separated section;

[0048] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of another device with built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone degreasing;

[0049] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of another device with built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone degreasing;

[0050] Figure 11 This is the front view of the spinning device;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a bottom view of the spinning device;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring fiber traction device;

[0053] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of a ring fiber traction device;

[0054] Figure 15 This is a top view of a ring fiber traction device;

[0055] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the top fiber traction device.

[0056] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the top fiber traction device;

[0057] Figure 18 This is a top view of the top fiber traction device;

[0058] The components are as follows: 1. Swirling section; 2. Stabilizing section; 3. Fiber coalescing section; 4. Separation section; 5. Annular fiber traction device; 6. Top fiber traction device; 7. Oleophilic fiber; 1-1. Liquid inlet; 1-2. Swirling device; 1-2-1. Swirling blade; 1-2-2. Core; 1-2-3. Baffle section; 1-2-4. Guide section; 4-1. Gradual narrowing section; 4-2. Outer cylinder; 4-3. Oil phase outlet; 4-4. Water phase outlet; 4-5. Water outlet; 5-1. First fiber connection hole; 5-2. Hole; 5-3. Annular channel; 6-1. Second fiber connection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of the present invention.

[0060] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the description of the "diameter" of the hollow structure refers to the inner diameter of the structure.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a method for degreasing oil by cyclone with built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) The oil-water mixture to be processed enters the swirl initiation section of the hydrocyclone axially. Under the guiding action of the swirl initiation blades, the mixture obtains appropriate tangential and axial velocities. The mixture then enters the stabilization section of the hydrocyclone, where, according to the centrifugal acceleration formula, Swirl radius r cThe smaller the diameter, the greater the centrifugal acceleration and the greater the dispersion efficiency. By utilizing the gradually narrowing structure with a small angle between the stabilizing section and the vertical plane, the tangential velocity of the mixture is steadily increased on the one hand; on the other hand, the appropriate cone angle of the stabilizing section can promote the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixture and reduce the probability of oil droplet breakage. Under the action of centrifugal force, the larger oil droplets migrate to the vicinity of the axis of the hydrocyclone, form an oil core, and flow out from the oil phase outlet at the top of the hydrocyclone, while the water phase flows out from the water phase outlet on the side wall of the hydrocyclone.

[0064] At this point, the hydrocyclone cannot effectively separate oil droplets of different sizes under the action of swirling alone, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the cross-sectional distribution diagram, large-diameter oil droplets clearly aggregate towards the axis under the action of centrifugal force, while small-diameter oil droplets, due to the small difference in centrifugal force between them and water, are distributed throughout the entire plane and do not show a clear tendency to aggregate towards the axis.

[0065] (2) A bundle of oleophilic fibers arranged in a conical fan shape is placed inside the hydrocyclone. The apex of the oleophilic fiber bundle is located below the oil phase outlet, and the bottom surface of the oleophilic fiber bundle is located below the apex. The bundle can be arranged at any cross-section of the hydrocyclone as needed. The oleophilic fibers of the bundle can capture small oil droplets located in the outer swirling part due to their small particle size through polarity. On the one hand, the aggregation effect of the oleophilic fibers promotes the coalescence of small oil droplets attached to the oleophilic fibers into larger oil droplets, which then migrate towards the axis under centrifugal force. Figure 1 As shown; on the other hand, with the guiding effect of the oleophilic fibers, under the drag force of the water flow, small oil droplets are induced to migrate towards the oil phase outlet, such as... Figure 2 As shown, by inducing polymerization with built-in fibers and enhancing cyclone oil removal, the efficiency and accuracy of oil-water separation are effectively improved.

[0066] Furthermore, the oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape are arranged in a multi-layer structure, with the apex position of each layer of oleophilic fiber bundle being the same and the bottom surface located at different cross-sections within the hydrocyclone. The number of layers of the oleophilic fiber bundles is not less than 2, the number of oleophilic fibers in each layer is not less than 12, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference. The diameter of the oleophilic fibers is not greater than 200 micrometers, preferably 20 to 50 micrometers.

[0067] Furthermore, the material of the oleophilic fiber is selected from, but not limited to, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride, with polytetrafluoroethylene being preferred.

[0068] Furthermore, the swirl-starting blades of the swirl-starting section adopt a design with smoothly connected arc segments of varying spiral angles to form a gradually changing transition channel, so that after the mixed liquid enters the swirl-starting section of the hydrocyclone, it first undergoes a steady flow in the channel before changing its flow direction.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] likeFigures 4-7 As shown, this invention provides a device for enhanced cyclone oil removal with built-in fiber-induced aggregation. The enhanced cyclone separation device has a cyclone core tube structure, comprising, from bottom to top, a swirl initiation section 1, a swirl stabilization section 2, several stages of fiber aggregation sections 3, and a separation section 4, wherein:

[0071] The swirl-initiating section 1 is a columnar structure. The liquid inlet 1-1 of the swirling core tube is located at the bottom of the swirl-initiating section 1. The diameter D1 of the swirl-initiating section 1 is 15-35mm and the length L1 is (3-5)D1. The swirl-initiating device 1-2 containing swirl-initiating blades 1-2-1 is provided inside. The swirl-initiating blades 1-2-1 are located 5-10mm above the liquid inlet 1-1.

[0072] The stabilizing section 2 is a tube segment that gradually narrows from bottom to top. Its lower end and upper end are connected to the initiating section 1 and the lowest-level fiber coalescence section 3, respectively. The length L2 of the stabilizing section 2 is (2~6)L1. The included angle β between the tube wall of the stabilizing section 2 and the tube wall of the initiating section 1 is 174°~179.5°, preferably 176°~179°. The tapered structure of the stabilizing section 2 with a small angle of inclination can gradually increase the tangential velocity of the mixture, reduce the influence of the decrease in centrifugal force as the mixture rises, and at the same time help promote the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixture and reduce the probability of oil droplet breakage.

[0073] The fiber coalescing section 3 has a columnar structure, with several levels of fiber coalescing sections 3 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The lower end of the lowest level fiber coalescing section 3 and the upper end of the highest level fiber coalescing section 3 are connected to the stabilizing section 2 and the separating section 4, respectively. The diameter D2 of each level of fiber coalescing section 3 is 10-20 mm, and the length L3 is (2-5)D2. Each level of fiber coalescing section 3 has an annular fiber traction device 5 at its lower end and a top fiber traction device 6 at its upper end. Several oleophilic fibers 7 are connected and fixed between the annular fiber traction device 5 and the top fiber traction device 6. The oleophilic fibers 7 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the cyclone core tube, so that the fiber bundles formed by the oleophilic fibers are arranged in several layers of radial conical fan-shaped surfaces. The conical fan-shaped surface arrangement of the oleophilic fibers effectively couples the coalescence and guiding effects of the oleophilic fibers on the basis of cyclone separation, which can effectively improve the separation efficiency of small-diameter oil droplets.

[0074] Combination Figure 8As shown, the separation section 4 includes a tapered section 4-1 from bottom to top and an outer cylinder 4-2 disposed outside the tapered section 4-1. The tapered section 4-1 is located outside the fiber bundle formed by the oleophilic fibers 7. The lower end of the tapered section 4-1 is connected to the uppermost fiber coalescing section 3, and the top end is connected to an oil phase outlet 4-3. The outer wall of the outer cylinder 4-2 is provided with a water phase outlet 4-4. The side wall of the tapered section 4-1 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 4-5.

[0075] Furthermore, an annular fiber traction device 5 is also provided in the tapered section 4-1 of the separation section 4, and several oleophilic fibers 7 are also connected and fixed between it and the top fiber traction device 6 to form a layer of oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape; the annular fiber traction device 5 is preferably located at the lower end of the tapered section 4-1.

[0076] Furthermore, in combination Figure 9 As shown, the fiber coalescing segment 3 is preferably configured as 1 to 5 levels, and more preferably 1 to 2 levels. Figure 5 and Figure 9 The diagrams show cyclone core tubes with 1st and 2nd stage fiber coalescence sections respectively. Each of the tapered sections 4-1 contains a layer of oleophilic fiber bundles. Thus, the cyclone core tubes of the two types respectively contain two and three layers of oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the stabilizing section 2 is equipped with an annular fiber traction device 5, which is connected and fixed with the top fiber traction device 6 to form a layer of oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape. The arrangement of the oleophilic fiber bundles can be adjusted as needed, which can advance the separation time of small oil droplets and make the separation faster. The annular fiber traction device 5 is preferably located at the lower end of the stabilizing section 2. Figure 10 The cyclone core tube shown contains three layers of oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape.

[0078] Furthermore, the outer cylinder of the separation section 4 has a diameter D9 of (1.2~2.5)D1 and a length L4 of (2~4)D9; the water phase outlet 4-4 has a diameter D3 of (0.7~0.9)D1 and the oil phase outlet 4-3 has a diameter D4 of 4~10mm.

[0079] Furthermore, the sidewall of the tapered section 4-1 is provided with 20 to 40 water outlet holes 4-5, the diameter D10 of the water outlet holes 4-5 is 2 to 5 mm; the included angle γ between the sidewall of the tapered section 4-1 and the tube wall of the fiber coalescing section 3 is 170° to 179°, preferably 174° to 178°.

[0080] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the swirl-initiating device 1-2 includes a core 1-2-2 located on the central axis and a plurality of swirl-initiating blades 1-2-1 arranged around the core 1-2-2. Each swirl-initiating blade 1-2-1 includes a lower baffle section 1-2-3 and an upper guide section 1-2-4. The baffle section 1-2-3 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the swirl-initiating section 1, and the guide section 1-2-4 is spirally arranged around the core 1-2-2. The spiral angle α of the guide section 1-2-4, i.e., the angle between the tangent of the outer edge of the blade of the guide section 1-2-4 and the axial direction of the swirl-initiating section 1, gradually increases from bottom to top, and the spiral angle α at the outlet of the blade of the guide section 1-2-4 is 55° to 65°. The guide sections 1-2-4 are smoothly connected by circular arc sections with varying spiral inclination angles, forming a gradually changing transition channel. The mixed liquid first undergoes a steady flow in the channel and then gradually changes its flow direction, reducing the droplet shearing and breakage phenomenon caused by turbulence when the fluid passes through the guide section blades, and enhancing the separation effect of the oil and water phases.

[0081] Furthermore, the number of rotating blades 1-2-1 in the rotating device 1-2 is 4 to 6, and the outer diameter D11 of the rotating blades is the same as the diameter D1 of the rotating section 1. The radial width D12 of the core 1-2-2 is (1 / 3 to 2 / 3)D11, the axial length H3 of the rotating blades 1-2-1 is (1.5 to 2.5)D11, and the axial length of the rotating device 1-2, i.e., the axial length H4 of the core 1-2-2, is (2 to 3)D11. The lower part of the core 1-2-2 located at the rotating blades 1-2-1 has a hemispherical structure, and the upper part has a semi-ellipsoidal structure.

[0082] Furthermore, the annular fiber traction device 5 is not limited to a single shape or structure, such as... Figures 13 to 15 As shown, the annular fiber traction device 5 has an annular structure with a plurality of first fiber connection holes 5-1 evenly arranged along its annular circumference, preferably arranged on its inner annular segment, and the number of the first fiber connection holes 5-1 is preferably 12 to 30.

[0083] Furthermore, the first fiber connecting hole 5-1 is composed of two equally sized holes 5-2 and an annular channel 5-3 connecting the holes 5-2. The diameter D8 of the holes 5-2 is 0.2-0.5mm, and the distance L5 between the two holes 5-2 is (2~3)D8, which facilitates the passage of the oleophilic fiber 7 through the first fiber connecting hole 5-1.

[0084] Furthermore, the inner diameter D7 of the annular fiber traction device 5 is preferably the same as the diameter D2 of the fiber coalescing section 3, the outer diameter D6 is (1.1~1.2)D7, and the thickness H1 is 2~4mm.

[0085] Furthermore, the top fiber traction device 6 is not limited to a single shape and structure, and can be configured as a straight line, a cross, or a star shape, etc. Figures 16 to 18 As shown, the top fiber traction device 6 is configured with a cross-shaped structure, and a number of second fiber connection holes 6-1 are provided in the center. The structure of the second fiber connection holes 6-1 is preferably the same as that of the first fiber connection holes 5-1, and the number of the second fiber connection holes 6-1 is preferably 1 to 8.

[0086] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second fiber connection hole 6-1 is set to 4, the length L6 of the top fiber traction device 6 is (1.1~1.2)D4, the width L7 is 0.6mm~1.2mm, and the thickness H2 is 2~4mm.

[0087] Furthermore, the oleophilic fiber 7 is fixed between the annular fiber traction device 5 and the top fiber traction device 6 through the first fiber connection hole 5-1 and the second fiber connection hole 6-1. However, it is not limited to a single connection method. The connection method can be set as follows: the two ends of the oleophilic fiber 7 pass through the first fiber connection hole 5-1 and the second fiber connection hole 6-1 respectively and then tie them together for fixation, or the oleophilic fiber 7 passes through the first fiber connection hole 5-1 and the second fiber connection hole 6-1 in sequence and then fixes itself, as long as the fiber bundle formed by the oleophilic fiber 7 is arranged in a conical fan shape.

[0088] In this embodiment, the stabilizing section 2 and the fiber coalescing section 3, the fiber coalescing sections 3 among themselves, the fiber coalescing section 3 and the separation section 4, and the separation section 4 and the oil phase outlet 4-3 are all connected by flanges; the annular fiber traction device 5 and the top fiber traction device 6 are fixed by being embedded between the flanges. Specifically, the inner edge of the flange that fixes the annular fiber traction device 5 is provided with a circular groove, the diameter of which is the same as the outer diameter D6 of the annular fiber traction device 5, and the depth of which is half the thickness H1 of the annular fiber traction device 5; the inner edge of the flange that fixes the top fiber traction device 6 is provided with a groove that matches the top fiber traction device 6, which in this embodiment is a cross groove, and the depth of which is half the thickness H2 of the top fiber traction device 6.

[0089] Based on the aforementioned built-in fiber-induced polymerization and enhanced cyclone oil removal device, the oil-water separation operation is as follows:

[0090] (1) The material to be processed enters the swirl section 1 through the liquid inlet 1-1. Under the action of the swirl blades 1-2-1, the mixture obtains tangential velocity.

[0091] (2) The mixture enters the stabilizing section 2. The tapered and tapered structure of the stabilizing section 2 can gradually increase the tangential velocity of the mixture and reduce the influence of the decrease in centrifugal force as the mixture moves upward, so that the internal flow field of the device can smoothly transition to the fiber coalescence section 3. On the other hand, the appropriate cone angle of the stabilizing section 2 helps to promote the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixture and reduce the probability of oil droplet breakage.

[0092] (3) The mixture enters the fiber coalescing section 3. The oleophilic fibers 7 arranged in a cone shape in the fiber coalescing section 3 can capture small oil droplets that cannot be effectively separated due to their small particle size, which helps the small oil droplets to coalesce and migrate towards the axis under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, with the help of the guiding effect of the oleophilic fibers 7, the small oil droplets also help to migrate towards the axis.

[0093] (4) The mixture enters the separation section 4, and under the combined action of swirling centrifugal force and the coalescence and guiding effect of oleophilic fibers, the oil phase and water phase are separated. The oil phase is discharged from the oil phase outlet 4-3, and the water phase is discharged from the water phase outlet 4-4.

[0094] Example 3: Oil-water mixture separation experiment

[0095] This embodiment uses the apparatus described in Example 2 to study the separation of oil-water mixtures. Its specific structural dimensions are as follows: The cyclone core tube contains two layers of oleophilic fiber bundles. The cyclone core tube has a primary fiber coalescing section, and the separation section contains a layer of oleophilic fiber bundles. Each layer of oleophilic fiber bundles has 16 oleophilic fibers evenly arranged on it. The oleophilic fibers are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and have a diameter of 50 micrometers. The diameter D1 of the cyclone core tube's initiation section is 25 mm, and its length L1 is 75 mm. The stabilization section… The length L2 is 200mm, the diameter D2 of the fiber coalescence section is 13mm, the length L3 is 60mm, the length L4 of the separation section is 120mm, the diameter D3 of the aqueous phase outlet is 20mm, the diameter D4 of the oil phase outlet is 5mm, the diameter D9 of the outer cylinder of the separation section is 30mm, there are 6 rows of water outlet holes, four in each row, and the diameters D10 of the water outlet holes are 5, 4, and 3mm from bottom to top (two rows each), the length of the spiral blade is 60mm, the number of blades is 5, and the spiral angle of the blade outlet is 65°.

[0096] Meanwhile, a comparative study was conducted on the separation of oil-water mixtures using a device without oleophilic fiber bundles. Except for the absence of oleophilic fibers, the device's structural dimensions were identical to those of the aforementioned device.

[0097] The specific experimental procedure is as follows:

[0098] A predetermined concentration of oil-water mixture is prepared by a shear emulsification pump and stored in a mixture tank. The mixture is then pumped to a hydrocyclone core tube by a centrifugal pump, and the flow rate is measured and adjusted by a flow meter. The mixture flows from bottom to top through the hydrocyclone core tube. After swirling, the oil phase is enriched at the central axis of the hydrocyclone core tube and flows out from the oil phase outlet, while the purified water phase flows out from the water phase outlet. The oil content and oil droplet size distribution of the purified water and oil phases are tested at the outlet of the hydrocyclone core tube. The separation efficiency η of the hydrocyclone core tube is calculated using formula (1):

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, c in and c out These represent the oil content of the material at the inlet and the aqueous phase outlet, respectively.

[0101] The volume fraction of oil in the inlet mixture was controlled to be around 1500 mg / L, the hydrocyclone split ratio was 10%, and the inlet flow rate was adjusted to 0.6 m / s, 0.8 m / s, and 1.0 m / s in sequence. The oil content at the aqueous phase outlet was measured. The specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104] The oil-water separation efficiency is significantly improved by setting up oleophilic fiber bundles arranged in a conical fan shape inside the cyclone core tube. When the inlet flow velocity is 0.8 m / s, the separation efficiency of the cyclone core tube with oleophilic fibers increases from 79% without oleophilic fibers to 84%, an increase of about 5%.

[0105] The droplet size distribution at the inlet and outlet of the device at a flow rate of 0.8 m / s was measured using a Malvern laser particle size analyzer, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0106] Table 2

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] As shown in Table 2, cyclone separation alone is sufficient to effectively remove oil droplets with a diameter greater than 50 micrometers. The addition of oleophilic fibers does not significantly improve the separation efficiency of oil droplets of this size. However, the addition of oleophilic fibers significantly improves the removal efficiency of oil droplets with a diameter of 20-50 micrometers, with an improvement exceeding 10%, and also improves the removal efficiency of oil droplets with a diameter less than 20 micrometers. Therefore, the separation device and method of this invention successfully combine cyclone separation with fiber coalescence and flow guiding effects, enhancing the oil-water cyclone separation process and improving the efficiency and accuracy of oil-water separation.

[0110] This application provides a detailed description, the purpose of which is to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the content of this application, but it should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for built-in fiber-induced coalescence enhanced cyclone oil removal, characterized in that, The device comprises, from bottom to top, a rotating starting section, a rotating stabilizing section, a plurality of fiber coalescing sections, and a separation section, wherein: The rotating starting section is a column section structure, with a liquid inlet at the bottom and a rotating starting device inside; The rotating stabilizing section is a tube section that gradually narrows from bottom to top; The fiber coalescing section is a column section structure, with a plurality of fiber coalescing sections connected from bottom to top, and the upper end of the separation section is provided with a top end fixator, the lower end of each fiber coalescing section is provided with a bottom surface fixator, and a plurality of oleophilic fibers are uniformly connected between the top end fixator and the bottom surface fixator, forming a plurality of layers of conical fan-shaped fiber bundles; The separation section comprises a gradually narrowing section from bottom to top and an outer cylinder arranged outside the gradually narrowing section, the gradually narrowing section is located outside the fiber bundle formed by the oleophilic fibers, a plurality of water outlets are arranged on the side wall of the gradually narrowing section, an oil phase outlet is arranged at the top end of the gradually narrowing section, and a water phase outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the outer cylinder.

2. The device for built-in fiber-induced coalescence enhanced cyclone oil removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradually narrowing section of the separation section and / or any cross-sectional position in the rotating stabilizing section is provided with a bottom surface fixator, and a plurality of oleophilic fibers are connected between the top end fixator and the bottom surface fixator, forming a conical fan-shaped fiber bundle.

3. The device for built-in fiber-induced coalescence enhanced cyclone oil removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber coalescing section is arranged as 1-5 levels; the diameter of each fiber coalescing section is D2, and the length L3 is (2-5)D2; the oleophilic fibers are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the reinforced cyclone oil removal device, and the number of oleophilic fibers in each layer of fiber bundle is not less than 12, and the diameter of the oleophilic fibers is not greater than 200 microns.

4. The device for built-in fiber-induced coalescence enhanced cyclone oil removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the rotating starting section is D1, and the length L1 is (3-5)D1; the rotating starting device comprises a column core located at the central axis and a plurality of rotating blades arranged around the column core, and the outer diameter D11 of the rotating blades is equal to the diameter D1 of the rotating section, wherein: The rotating blade comprises a baffle section located at the lower end and arranged parallel to the axial direction of the rotating section, and a guide section arranged in a spiral around the column core at the upper end; the spiral inclination angle α of the guide section gradually increases from bottom to top, and the spiral inclination angle α at the outlet of the guide section blade is 55°-65°; the column core is in a semi-spherical structure at the lower end part of the rotating blade and in a semi-elliptical structure at the upper end part.

5. The device for built-in fiber-induced coalescence enhanced cyclonic oil removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length L2 of the rotating stabilizing section is (2-6)L1, the included angle β between the pipe wall of the rotating stabilizing section and the pipe wall of the rotating starting section is 174°-179.5°, the diameter D9 of the outer cylinder of the separation section is (1.2-2.5)D1, and the length L4 is (2-4)D9; the diameter D3 of the water phase outlet is (0.7-0.9)D1, the diameter D4 of the oil phase outlet is 4-10 mm; the side wall of the gradually narrowing section is provided with 20-40 water outlets, the diameter D10 of the water outlet is 2-5 mm, and the included angle γ between the side wall of the gradually narrowing section and the pipe wall of the fiber coalescing section is 170°-179°.

6. A method for oil removal by built-in fiber-induced coalescence and enhanced cyclone, using the device of claim 4, comprising the following steps: oil-water mixture enters the cyclone along the axial direction, obtains tangential velocity and axial velocity under the guidance of the rotating blade, and large oil droplets migrate to the axial center of the cyclone to form an oil core under the action of centrifugal force, and the oil phase flows out from the oil phase outlet at the top of the tapered section, and the water phase flows out from the water phase outlet on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, characterized in that, a plurality of oil-wet fiber bundles arranged in a conical sector are arranged in the cyclone, the apex of the oil-wet fiber bundle is arranged below the oil phase outlet, and the bottom surface of the oil-wet fiber bundle is below the apex; the oil-wet fiber captures small oil droplets in the outer cyclone due to small particle size by means of polarity, on the one hand, the coalescence of the oil-wet fiber promotes the coalescence of small oil droplets attached to the oil-wet fiber into large oil droplets, and under the action of centrifugal force, on the other hand, the oil-wet fiber induces the migration of small oil droplets to the oil phase outlet direction under the action of water flow drag force, and enhances the oil-water cyclone separation.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the fiber is inserted into the oil removal device. The oil-wet fiber bundles arranged in a conical sector are arranged in a multi-layer structure, the apex of each layer of oil-wet fiber bundle is at the same position, and the bottom surface is at different cross sections in the cyclone.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the fiber is inserted into the oil removal device. The number of layers of the oil-wet fiber bundle is not less than 2, the number of oil-wet fibers in each layer is not less than 12, the oil-wet fibers are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the diameter of the oil-wet fibers is not greater than 200 microns.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the fiber is inserted into the oil removal device. The spiral angle of the rotating blade gradually increases, the spiral angle α of the blade outlet is 55°-65°, the rotating blade adopts a circular arc segment smooth connection mode with variable spiral angle, forming a gradual transition flow channel, so that the mixed liquid first passes through a steady flow and then changes the flow direction in the flow channel after entering the cyclone.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the oil removal is enhanced by the built-in fiber-induced coalescence in the cyclone. The oil-water mixture enters the steady rotation section of the cyclone after passing through the rotating blade, the steady rotation section is a tapered structure with a small angle with the vertical plane, which is conducive to smoothly increasing the tangential velocity of the mixed liquid, and at the same time, promotes the coalescence of oil droplets in the mixed liquid and reduces the probability of oil droplet breakage.

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