Coal combustion improver, preparation method and use method

Abstract

The present invention provides a coal combustion improver, a preparation method and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste. The coal combustion improver provided by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 to 55 parts of distillation residue, 30 to 40 parts of waste activated carbon, 5 to 10 parts of industrial sludge, 2 to 5 parts of oxidant, and 3 to 6 parts of desulfurizer. The present invention makes full use of the combustible carbon and metal salt components in distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge, turning waste into treasure, reducing the amount of coal used, and there is no secondary pollution after combustion, thereby reducing the production cost of the enterprise. At the same time, it realizes the reduction and resource utilization of hazardous solid waste, reduces the emission of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, and has good social and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste, and in particular to a coal combustion improver, a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Distillation residues, waste activated carbon, and industrial sludge are solid wastes inevitably generated during the production processes of chemical companies, such as those manufacturing chemical raw materials, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. They are one of the main sources of pollution in the chemical industry, often with many types and large amounts of production, posing high environmental risks. These waste residues have complex compositions, and most contain high concentrations of organic pollutants, some of which are highly toxic, flammable, and explosive substances, making them mostly hazardous wastes. Therefore, waste residues from the chemical industry must be properly handled to avoid environmental pollution. Currently, pharmaceutical companies generally dispose of solid wastes such as distillation residues, waste activated carbon, and industrial sludge by entrusting them to third-party hazardous waste disposal operators or incineration power plants for incineration. This method has strict environmental management regulations, high treatment costs, and cannot achieve resource utilization of hazardous solid waste within the factory, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0003] Coal resources are limited, and their reserves are constantly decreasing. As a non-renewable resource, clean and efficient utilization of coal resources can not only save energy but also achieve good economic benefits under the constraints of energy conservation, emission reduction, and low-carbon development. Especially for large industrial coal users, the economic benefits of improving coal utilization efficiency are very significant. Therefore, the use of coal combustion aids and the more rational utilization of coal resources are of great strategic significance to environmental protection.

[0004] Based on the difficulties in disposing of distillation residues, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge in the chemical industry, industrial solid wastes such as distillation residues and waste activated carbon are used to prepare coal combustion aids, and an efficient, low-cost and long-term stable and effective coal combustion aid is developed. This can not only realize the resource utilization of solid waste, but also improve the combustion efficiency of coal. From the perspective of energy conservation and environmental protection, it has very important practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal combustion aid, a preparation method and a use method. The coal combustion aid provided by the present invention makes full use of the combustible carbon and metal salt components in distillation residues, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge, turning waste into treasure, reducing the use of coal, and there is no secondary pollution after combustion, thereby reducing the production cost of the enterprise.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal combustion aid, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of distillation residue, 30-40 parts of waste activated carbon, 5-10 parts of industrial sludge, 2-5 parts of oxidant, and 3-6 parts of desulfurizer.

[0007] Preferably, the distillation residue is distillation residue and reaction residue generated in the production process of chemical raw materials, pesticides and medicines in the chemical industry.

[0008] Further preferably, the distillation residue and reaction residue contain combustible carbon and metal salt; the metal salt is an organic metal salt and / or an inorganic metal salt.

[0009] In the present invention, since the distillation residue contains a high level of combustible carbon components and metal salts, its calorific value is equivalent to that of ordinary solid biomass fuel and can be used as fuel after drying; the metal salts contained therein are good coal combustion catalysts, which can stir the air flow in the coal seam, promote the separation of ash or combustion product CO on the surface of carbon particles, and improve the coal combustion condition.

[0010] Preferably, the waste activated carbon is waste activated carbon that adsorbs organic impurities and is generated in the production process of chemical raw materials, pesticides, and medicines in the chemical industry.

[0011] Because organic compounds such as alcohols, ethers, alkyl esters, olefins, and aromatic compounds contained in waste activated carbon produced by some chemical companies are excellent smoke suppressants, these organic compounds transform into hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures, mixing with coal gas and burning simultaneously, increasing the calorific value of combustion. In the present invention, the waste activated carbon can be powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, or other forms of activated carbon.

[0012] Preferably, the industrial sludge is sludge containing organic matter in production wastewater generated by industrial wastewater treatment stations in the chemical industry for chemical raw material manufacturing, pesticide manufacturing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

[0013] Further preferably, the water content of the industrial sludge is less than 65%, and the calorific value is greater than 1000 cal / g.

[0014] Preferably, the oxidant is potassium permanganate, and the sulfur-fixing agent is calcium oxide.

[0015] In the present invention, potassium permanganate can decompose and release oxygen during high-temperature combustion, promoting coal combustion and reducing the residual carbon rate. Furthermore, potassium permanganate decomposes and expands during combustion, acting as a leavening agent, increasing the contact area between coal and oxygen and promoting coal combustion, thereby achieving the goal of saving coal. Furthermore, the manganese dioxide produced by the decomposition of potassium permanganate can improve the combustion performance of pulverized coal.

[0016] Calcium oxide is selected as the sulfur-fixing agent. The sulfur in the coal burns to produce SO2 and SO3. The reaction between SO2 and SO3 is a dynamic reversible reaction. SO3 can react with CaO in the coal combustion aid to produce CaSO4 and be fixed, remaining in the ash. The SO3 concentration is reduced, thereby continuously converting SO2 in the flue gas to SO3, which reacts to produce CaSO4, reducing the amount of SO2 produced, and thus achieving the purpose of reducing the flue gas outlet concentration.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the coal combustion improver described in the above technical solution, comprising mixing the distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge evenly according to weight proportions and drying them in a closed environment, then mixing the dried distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge and crushing them, and then adding a sulfur-fixing agent and an oxidant and mixing them evenly to produce the coal combustion improver.

[0018] Preferably, the drying temperature does not exceed 100°C.

[0019] In the present invention, drying the distillation residue and waste activated carbon in a closed environment can avoid the unorganized emission of organic pollutants contained in the solid waste. At the same time, the drying temperature is controlled within 100°C, which can ensure that the material is stable and does not produce any decomposition, and control the moisture content of the material.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for using the coal combustion improver, wherein the coal combustion improver is used in a coal-fired boiler, and the mass ratio of the added amount of the coal combustion improver to the added amount of coal is 5% to 10%.

[0021] Preferably, the combustion condition of the coal-fired boiler is not lower than 900° C., and the humidity of the raw coal used is between 10% and 12%.

[0022] Beneficial technical effects:

[0023] (1) The preparation method provided by the present invention is simple, using only simple production processes such as drying, crushing, and stirring. The equipment is simple and has the advantages of being fast, safe, and environmentally friendly. It is easy to integrate and meets the needs of large-scale engineering applications.

[0024] (2) The present invention makes full use of the catalytic effect of the metal salt in the distillation residue to improve the combustion efficiency, and utilizes the high calorific value organic matter in the distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge to turn waste into treasure, reduce the use of coal, and there is no secondary pollution after combustion, thereby reducing the production cost of the enterprise.

[0025] (3) The present invention can save a large amount of costs for transporting and disposing of hazardous solid waste, achieve the reduction and resource utilization of hazardous solid waste in the factory, reduce the environmental risks of hazardous solid waste during the transportation process of backlog and disposal in the factory, and promote the coordination of environmental protection measures in the factory and the improvement of environmental management work.

[0026] (4) The coal combustion aid prepared by the present invention can increase the precipitation rate of coal volatile matter, reduce the ignition temperature of coal, accelerate the combustion rate of coke, shorten the ignition delay time, reduce the ash and carbon residue, relatively increase the combustion calorific value, improve the combustion efficiency of coal, and enhance the combustion utilization of low-quality coal resources. By adding a small amount of sulfur-fixing agent to the coal, sulfur oxide emissions are also reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The mass ratio of the raw materials is: 50 parts of distillation residue, 30 parts of waste activated carbon, 10 parts of industrial sludge, 5 parts of oxidant potassium permanganate, and 5 parts of sulfur-fixing agent calcium oxide.

[0030] After the distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge are fully mixed, they are put into a dryer for drying. The dryer is a fully enclosed operation and is dried at 100°C for 30 minutes. The dried materials are put into a crusher for crushing, and then the oxidant potassium permanganate and the sulfur-fixing agent calcium oxide are added and fully stirred to obtain the finished coal combustion aid.

[0031] The combustion aid was added to raw coal in appropriate proportions and then burned. The results showed that adding 5% to 10% of the combustion aid increased the average furnace temperature by approximately 7% to 10%, the boiler thermal efficiency by approximately 8% to 12%, and the sulfur fixation efficiency by approximately 60% to 66%. Residual carbon difference measurements showed that a 5% addition of the combustion aid achieved Class II performance, while a 10% addition achieved Class I performance.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The raw material mass ratio is: 50 parts of distillation residue, 38 parts of waste activated carbon, 5 parts of industrial sludge, 2 parts of oxidant potassium permanganate, and 5 parts of sulfur-fixing agent calcium oxide.

[0034] The steps for preparing the coal combustion improver are the same as those in Example 1.

[0035] The coal combustion improver was added to the raw coal in appropriate proportions and then burned. The furnace temperature, boiler thermal efficiency, and sulfur fixation efficiency were measured. The results showed that adding 5% to 10% of the coal combustion improver increased the average furnace temperature by approximately 4% to 6%, the boiler thermal efficiency by approximately 7% to 9%, and the sulfur fixation efficiency by approximately 60% to 65%. The residual carbon difference measurement showed that the coal combustion improver's performance could reach Grade II or above.

[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal combustion aid, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of distillation residue, 30-40 parts of waste activated carbon, 5-10 parts of industrial sludge, 2-5 parts of oxidant, and 3-6 parts of sulfur-fixing agent; The distillation residue is distillation residue and reaction residue generated in the production process of chemical raw materials, pesticides and medicines in the chemical industry; The distillation residue and the reaction residue contain combustible carbon and metal salts; the metal salts are organic metal salts and / or inorganic metal salts.

2. The coal combustion improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste activated carbon is waste activated carbon that adsorbs organic impurities and is generated in the production process of chemical raw materials, pesticides, and medicines in the chemical industry.

3. The coal combustion improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial sludge is sludge containing organic matter in production wastewater produced by industrial wastewater treatment stations in the chemical industry for the manufacture of chemical raw materials, pesticides, and medicines.

4. The coal combustion improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidant is potassium permanganate, and the sulfur-fixing agent is calcium oxide.

5. The method for preparing the coal combustion improver according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge are mixed evenly according to weight proportions and then dried in a closed environment. The dried distillation residue, waste activated carbon and industrial sludge are then mixed and crushed. Then, a sulfur-fixing agent and an oxidant are added and mixed evenly to produce a coal combustion aid.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The drying temperature does not exceed 100°C.

7. The method for using the coal combustion improver according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The coal combustion improver is used in a coal-fired boiler, and the mass ratio of the coal combustion improver to the coal addition amount is 5% to 10%.

8. The method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combustion conditions of coal-fired boilers are not lower than 900℃, and the humidity of the raw coal used is between 10~12%.