Ovitraps for fish egg protection in the lower reservoir lake area of pumped storage power stations

Abstract

The application discloses an egg weir structure, in particular to an egg weir structure for protecting fish eggs in a lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station, and belongs to the technical field of design and manufacture of ecological protection structures in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The egg weir structure can eliminate the influence of periodic decrease of the water level in the lower reservoir on sticky and adhesive fish eggs under the pumped storage working condition of the pumped storage power station. The egg weir structure comprises an artificial spawning area, a base weir and a movable adjusting weir. The artificial spawning area is arranged in the shallow water area near the bank slope of the lower reservoir lake of the pumped storage power station and is formed by surrounding the corresponding bank slope, the base weir and the movable adjusting weir. The movable adjusting weir is movably arranged on the base weir, and the water level of the artificial spawning area is determined by the cooperation of the movable adjusting weir and the base weir.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an egg weir structure, in particular to an egg weir structure for protecting fish eggs in the lower reservoir area of a pumped storage power station, belonging to the technical field of ecological protection structure design and manufacturing of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lower reservoir is the main building of the pumped storage power station, and using the existing reservoir and natural lake as the lower reservoir is an important measure to reduce project investment. This method is also widely used in domestic built and under-construction pumped storage power stations.

[0003] However, using the existing reservoir and lake as the lower reservoir to build a pumped storage power station also leads to some fish reproduction protection problems, especially for the sticky fish spawning grounds that exist before the construction of the pumped storage power station. Before the construction of the pumped storage power station, the water level fluctuation in the lower reservoir area is small, and even basically unchanged in a short period of time. However, after the completion of the pumped storage power station, the water level in the lower reservoir area will change periodically, and the water level will rise and fall sharply during the operation of the pumped storage power station, with a large amplitude. The periodic amplitude of the water level in the lake area will have a great impact on the sticky fish spawning grounds that exist before the construction of the pumped storage power station. Under the working condition of pumping and storing energy of the pumped storage power station, the lowering of the water level in the lower reservoir area will cause the sticky fish eggs attached to the lake beach, the flood recession belt and other areas to be exposed to the air, thereby causing the fish eggs to lose activity and reducing the biomass of fish.

[0004] In the field of sticky fish egg protection, the current technology mainly focuses on the creation of spawning habitats for sticky egg fish in large rivers, the estimation of spawning scale, and the indoor incubation device for fish eggs. For example, patent No. CN202221964891.9 provides a water quality purification system for sticky egg fish reproduction; patent No. CN202210683640.1 provides a habitat creation device and operation method for sticky egg fish reproduction; and patent No. CN202210217585.7 provides a three-dimensional artificial fish nest for promoting the natural reproduction of sticky egg fish in reservoirs.

[0005] Such prior art is mostly oriented to large rivers and large reservoirs, and the physical environment of the eggs during the protection process changes significantly, and the water environment of the eggs hatching is disturbed and invaded. Under the background of the rapid development of pumped storage power stations, such technology cannot solve the problems of fish water environment and sticky egg fish reproduction protection caused by the construction and operation of pumped storage power stations, especially for the existing sticky egg spawning ground in the lower reservoir lake area. How to solve the impact of the periodic decline of the lower reservoir water level on the sticky eggs under the pumping and energy storage working condition of the pumped storage power station is a problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an egg weir structure for fish egg protection in the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station that can eliminate the impact of the periodic decline of the lower reservoir water level under the pumping and energy storage working condition of the pumped storage power station.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted to solve the above technical problem is: an egg weir structure for fish egg protection in the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station, the egg weir structure comprising an artificial spawning area, a base weir and a movable adjusting weir, the artificial spawning area being set in the shallow water area near the shore slope of the lower reservoir lake of the pumped storage power station and being built by corresponding shore slopes, base weirs and movable adjusting weirs, the movable adjusting weir being movably arranged on the base weir, and the water level of the artificial spawning area being determined by the cooperation of the movable adjusting weir and the base weir.

[0008] Further, a plurality of artificial spawning areas are set in the lower reservoir lake of the pumped storage power station, and each artificial spawning area is built by corresponding shore slopes, base weirs and movable adjusting weirs.

[0009] The preferred mode of the above scheme is that the base weir comprises a base, and the movable adjusting weir is movably arranged on the base.

[0010] Further, the base is composed of a group of circular-arc-shaped fixed weirs, and the movable adjusting weir is composed of a group of circular-arc-shaped sliding weirs, the top of the fixed weir and the bottom of the sliding weir are respectively provided with sliding structures that are adapted in shape and position to each other, and the sliding weir located above can move left and right on the top of the fixed weir along the slide.

[0011] The preferred mode of the above scheme is that the movable adjusting weir is a water-gas composite adjusting weir, and the water-gas composite adjusting weir is fixed on the top of the base in a height direction.

[0012] Further, the water-gas composite adjusting weir comprises a lower liquid adjusting weir and an upper gas adjusting weir, and the gas adjusting weir is fixed on the top of the base through the liquid adjusting weir.

[0013] Preferably, the base is provided with a water storage cavity, a water outlet is arranged on the top of the water storage cavity, and a water injection and drainage port is arranged on the bottom of the water storage cavity, and the liquid regulating weir fixed on the top of the base is communicated with the water storage cavity through the water outlet.

[0014] Further, the gas regulating weir and the liquid regulating weir are both folding regulating weirs, the folding gas regulating weir adjusts its height by inflating gas, and the liquid regulating weir adjusts its height by injecting and draining liquid.

[0015] Preferably, the gas regulating weir is a multi-layer regulating structure, and each layer of the gas regulating weir is arranged vertically and overlapped, and each layer of the gas regulating weir is respectively provided with a gas injection and drainage hole.

[0016] Further, the liquid regulating weir and each layer of the gas regulating weir are integrally formed as a rubber structure, and the total height of each layer of the inflated gas regulating weir is one half to one third of the height of the liquid regulating weir after water injection.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the technical scheme provided by the present application is based on the shallow water area near the shore slope of the lower reservoir lake of the pumped storage power station, a man-made spawning area is built by increasing the setting of the base weir and the movable regulating weir, the movable regulating weir is arranged on the base weir, and then the water level of the man-made spawning area is determined by the cooperation of the base weir and the movable regulating weir. In this way, in the pumped storage working condition, when the water level of the lower reservoir lake decreases, the movable regulating weir prevents the water in the man-made spawning area from decreasing with the decrease of the lower reservoir lake, thereby eliminating the influence of the periodic decrease of the lower reservoir water level on the sticky and sticky fish eggs, and further ensuring the normal survival environment of the sticky and sticky fish eggs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the egg weir structure for fish egg protection in the lower reservoir lake area of the pumped storage power station is arranged in the lower reservoir lake.

[0019] Figure 2 The simplified structure schematic view of the base weir and the movable regulating weir involved in the egg weir structure for fish egg protection in the lower reservoir lake area of the pumped storage power station.

[0020] Figure 3 The transverse sectional view of Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 4 The schematic view of the movable regulating weir involved in the present application in the working state.

[0022] Figure 5 The schematic view of the movable regulating weir involved in the present application in the contracted state.

[0023] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the base weir and the movable regulating weir involved in the present invention.

[0024] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Artificial spawning area; 2. Base weir; 3. Movable regulating weir; 4. Bank slope; 5. Fixed weir; 6. Liquid regulating weir; 7. Gas regulating weir; 8. Outlet; 9. Inlet and outlet; 10. Inlet and outlet vent; 11. Lower reservoir lake of pumped storage power station; 12. Water storage chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figures 1-6 The diagram illustrates an egg-laying weir structure for protecting fish eggs in the lower reservoir area of ​​a pumped-storage power station, provided by this invention. This structure eliminates the impact of periodic drops in the lower reservoir water level on the eggs of sinking fish under pumped-storage conditions. The egg-laying weir structure includes an artificial spawning area 1, a base weir 2, and a movable regulating weir 3. The artificial spawning area 1, located in the shallow water area near the bank slope of the lower reservoir lake 11 of the pumped-storage power station, is enclosed by a corresponding bank slope 4, a base weir 2, and a movable regulating weir 3. The movable regulating weir 3 is movably arranged on the base weir 2, and the water level of the artificial spawning area 1 is determined by the coordinated adjustment of the movable regulating weir 3 on the base weir 2. The technical solution provided in this application is based on the shallow water area near the bank slope of the lower reservoir lake 11 of the pumped-storage power station. An artificial spawning area is constructed by adding a base weir and a movable regulating weir, and the movable regulating weir is movably arranged on the base weir. The water level of the artificial spawning area is then determined by the coordinated adjustment of the movable regulating weir on the base weir. In this way, under pumped storage conditions, when the water level of the lower reservoir decreases, the movable regulating weir can prevent the water in the artificial spawning area from falling with the lower reservoir, thereby eliminating the impact of the periodic decline in the lower reservoir water level on the sinking fish eggs and ensuring the normal living environment for the reproduction of sinking fish eggs.

[0026] Accordingly, in order to increase the yield of adhesive fish eggs, based on the conditions of the lower reservoir lake, this application sets up multiple artificial spawning areas 1 in the lower reservoir lake 11 of the pumped storage power station. Each of the artificial spawning areas 1 is constructed by a corresponding bank slope 4, a base dam 2, and a movable regulating dam 3.

[0027] Further, as the main part of the improvement, in order to simplify the structure, reduce the production cost, and at the same time, better provide the survival environment for the sticky and sinking fish eggs, the base weir 2 of the present application comprises a base, and the movable adjusting weir 3 is arranged on the base. At this time, the base can be composed of a group of circular arc fixed weirs 5, and the movable adjusting weir 3 can be composed of a group of circular arc sliding weirs. Of course, the movable adjusting weir 3 of the present application can also be a water and gas composite adjusting weir. When the base adopts the fixed weir, the sliding structure which is adapted to each other in shape and position is arranged on the top of the fixed weir 5 and the bottom of the sliding weir respectively. The sliding weir on the top can move left and right on the top of the fixed weir 5 along the slide. When the movable adjusting weir 3 is a water and gas composite adjusting weir, the water and gas composite adjusting weir is fixed on the top of the base in the height direction.

[0028] Further, in order to adjust according to different water levels, while minimizing production and operating costs, the water and gas composite adjusting weir 3 of the present application comprises a lower liquid adjusting weir 6 and an upper gas adjusting weir 7, and the gas adjusting weir 7 is fixed on the top of the base through the liquid adjusting weir 6. At this time, the preferred structure is to provide a water storage cavity 12 on the base, an outlet 8 on the top of the water storage cavity 12, and a water injection and drainage port 9 on the bottom of the water storage cavity 12. The liquid adjusting weir 6 fixed on the top of the base is in communication with the water storage cavity 12 through the outlet 8. In order to facilitate the manufacture of components, the gas adjusting weir 7 and the liquid adjusting weir 6 of the present application are both folding adjusting weirs. The folding gas adjusting weir 7 adjusts its height by filling gas, and the liquid adjusting weir 6 adjusts its height by injecting and draining liquid. The gas adjusting weir 7 is provided as a multi-layer adjusting structure, and each layer of the gas adjusting weir is arranged vertically overlapped. Each layer of the gas adjusting weir 7 is provided with a gas injection and drainage hole 10. At the same time, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the adjustment, according to the different water pressure under different water levels, the liquid adjusting weir 6 and each layer of the gas adjusting weir 7 of the present application are integrally formed as a rubber structure. The total height of each layer of the gas adjusting weir 7 after being inflated is one half to one third of the height of the liquid adjusting weir 6 after being injected with water.

[0029] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below through specific embodiments:

[0030] Embodiment one

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between two elements, it can be wireless connection, or it can be wired connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the term "and / or" used in the specification and claims of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed terms and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0035] The technical scheme of the water-gas mixed type egg weir structure for protecting fish eggs in the lower reservoir lake area of the pumped storage power station described in the present application is clearly and completely described in combination with a certain built upper reservoir lower lake type pumped storage power station.

[0036] The specific application of the present application to a certain upper reservoir lower lake type pumped storage power station, as shown in Figure 1 The lower reservoir lake produces sticky and adhesive fish eggs including local important economic fish such as crucian carp and carp, and the pumped storage power station is a 2-pipe 4-machine, and the arrangement position of the water-gas mixed type egg weir structure is as shown in Figure 1 .

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the water-gas mixed type egg weir structure specifically includes a base, a water storage and gas storage rubber, a water injection and drainage hole, a rubber separation layer, a gas injection and drainage hole, a water storage layer, and a gas storage layer. In the present embodiment, the gas storage layer includes a first gas storage layer, a second gas storage layer, a third gas storage layer, a fourth gas storage layer, and a fifth gas storage layer, and the gas injection and drainage hole includes a first layer of gas injection and drainage hole, a second layer of gas injection and drainage hole, a third layer of gas injection and drainage hole, a fourth layer of gas injection and drainage hole, and a fifth layer of gas injection and drainage hole.

[0038] The base is made of reinforced concrete, which is used for storing water and air rubber underwater counterweight, and needs to ensure that the weight of the base is greater than the buoyancy generated by the gas-filled gas layer in the water, so as to ensure that the water and air storage rubber does not float out of the water. The outlet of the base is a smooth circular arc shape, which can effectively avoid the damage of the sharp structure to the water and air storage rubber due to stress concentration.

[0039] The water and air storage rubber is divided into a water storage layer and a gas storage layer. The water storage layer is located at the lower part of the water and air storage rubber, and the gas storage layer is located at the upper part of the water and air storage rubber. The number of layers of the gas storage layer can be adjusted according to the water level required for the hatching and breeding of sticky and sinking fish eggs. In this embodiment, there are five layers, which are the first gas storage layer, the second gas storage layer, the third gas storage layer, the fourth gas storage layer, and the fifth gas storage layer. The water storage layer and the gas storage layer are separated by the rubber layer, and the gas storage layers are also separated by the rubber layer. The thickness of the water and air storage rubber is 3mm, and the strength after water injection and gas injection is between 90-100kN / m.

[0040] Water can be injected and discharged into the water storage layer through the water injection and discharge hole, and gas can be injected and discharged into the gas storage layer through the gas injection and discharge hole. Each gas storage layer has a gas injection and discharge hole. The first gas storage layer injects and discharges gas through the first layer of gas injection and discharge holes, the second gas storage layer injects and discharges gas through the second layer of gas injection and discharge holes, the third gas storage layer injects and discharges gas through the third layer of gas injection and discharge holes, the fourth gas storage layer injects and discharges gas through the fourth layer of gas injection and discharge holes, and the fifth gas storage layer injects and discharges gas through the fifth layer of gas injection and discharge holes.

[0041] The working state of the water and air mixed egg weir structure is as shown in Figure 4 The non-working state of the water and air mixed egg weir structure is as shown in Figure 5 The use method of the water and air mixed egg weir structure for protecting fish eggs in the lower reservoir area of the pumped storage power station is as follows:

[0042] S1: According to the change of power grid load operation, 10 minutes before the pumped storage power station enters the water storage and energy storage working condition, the water and air mixed egg weir structure is started, the water storage layer is filled with water, and the gas storage layer is filled with gas.

[0043] S2: For daily regulation pumped storage power station, after the pumped storage power station completes the last water discharge and power generation working condition of the day, part of the water in the water storage layer is discharged, all the gas in the gas storage layer is discharged, and the water and air mixed egg weir structure is closed.

[0044] S3: For weekly regulation pumped storage power station, after the pumped storage power station completes the last water discharge and power generation working condition in a week, part of the water in the water storage layer is discharged, all the gas in the gas storage layer is discharged, and the water and air mixed egg weir structure is closed.

[0045] S4: When the pumped storage power station enters the pumping energy storage working condition again, the cycle S1-S4 is repeated.

Claims

1. An egg weir structure for protecting fish eggs in the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station, characterized by: The egg weir structure comprises a man-made spawning area (1), a base weir (2) and a movable adjusting weir (3), the man-made spawning area (1) is arranged in the shallow water area near the bank slope of the lower reservoir lake (11) of the pumped storage power station, and is enclosed by the corresponding bank slope (4), the base weir (2) and the movable adjusting weir (3), the movable adjusting weir (3) is movably arranged on the base weir (2), and the water level of the man-made spawning area (1) is determined by the cooperation of the movable adjusting weir (3) and the base weir (2), The base weir (2) comprises a base, and the movable adjusting weir (3) is movably arranged on the base, The base is composed of a group of circular-arc-shaped fixed weirs (5), the movable adjusting weir (3) is composed of a group of circular-arc-shaped sliding weirs, the top of the fixed weir (5) and the bottom of the sliding weir are respectively provided with sliding structures which are adapted to each other in shape and position, and the sliding weir located above can move left and right on the top of the fixed weir (5) through the sliding structure, The movable adjusting weir (3) is a water-gas composite adjusting weir, and the water-gas composite adjusting weir is fixed on the top of the base in a lifting manner along the height direction, The water-gas composite adjusting weir comprises a lower liquid adjusting weir (6) and an upper gas adjusting weir (7), and the gas adjusting weir (7) is fixed on the top of the base through the liquid adjusting weir (6).

2. The structure of the fish egg weir for the protection of fish eggs in the lower reservoir area of a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of man-made spawning areas (1) are arranged in the lower reservoir lake (11) of the pumped storage power station, and each man-made spawning area (1) is enclosed by the corresponding bank slope (4), the base weir (2) and the movable adjusting weir (3).

3. The structure of the fish egg weir for the protection of fish eggs in the lower reservoir area of a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A water storage cavity (12) is arranged on the base, a water outlet (8) is arranged on the top of the water storage cavity (12), a water injection and drainage port (9) is arranged on the bottom of the water storage cavity (12), and the liquid adjusting weir (6) fixed on the top of the base is in communication with the water storage cavity (12) through the water outlet (8).

4. The fish egg protection structure for the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas adjusting weir (7) and the liquid adjusting weir (6) are both folding adjusting weirs, the folding gas adjusting weir (7) adjusts its height by filling gas, and the liquid adjusting weir (6) adjusts its height by injecting and discharging liquid.

5. The fish egg protection structure for the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas adjusting weir (7) is a multi-layer adjusting structure, and each layer of the gas adjusting weir is arranged in vertical overlap, and each layer of the gas adjusting weir (7) is respectively provided with a gas injection and drainage hole (10).

6. The fish egg protection structure for the lower reservoir lake area of a pumped storage power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid adjusting weir (6) and each layer of the gas adjusting weir (7) are integrally formed as a rubber structure, and the total height of each layer of the gas adjusting weir (7) after being inflated is one half to one third of the height of the liquid adjusting weir (6) after being injected with water.

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