Fish egg and fish dam system for reservoirs

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological dispatching of hydropower projects, and in particular to a fish egg and fish dam crossing system for reservoirs, aiming to solve the problem of sinking and inactivation of floating fish eggs in the reservoir area caused by existing auxiliary floating fish egg dam crossing devices. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for reservoirs includes a floating egg and fish data storage module, a network communication module, a monitoring and identification module, and an analysis and decision module. The analysis and decision module analyzes and provides a decision solution that satisfies the flow velocity of the floating fish eggs. The flow velocity compensation module adjusts the flow velocity of the surface water of the reservoir area to ensure that the flow velocity of the surface water of the reservoir area meets the water velocity requirements of the floating fish eggs. The present invention uses the flow velocity compensation module to compensate the flow velocity of fish and floating fish eggs flowing into the reservoir area to ensure a suitable flow velocity, improve the activity of the floating fish eggs, and meet the hatching requirements of the floating fish eggs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological dispatching of hydropower projects, and in particular to a fish egg and fish dam-passing system for a reservoir. Background Art

[0002] In the area of ​​high-dam fish passage facilities, the use of fishways and fish elevators to assist migratory fish in passing through dams is relatively mature. However, in recent years, fish research has gradually shifted from the protection of adult and juvenile fish to the incubation of fish eggs. As an essential part of the fish reproductive cycle, the incubation of fish eggs in the context of high-dam and large-scale reservoir construction has begun to attract the attention of relevant scholars. Along rivers such as the Yangtze and Han Rivers, there are a large number of fish species that lay drifting eggs, such as the round-mouthed copper fish, small-eyed thin loach, long thin loach, red-lipped thin loach, Sichuan bream, black carp, grass carp, silver carp, and bighead carp. The "Four Major Carps" are typical examples of drifting egg-laying fish. They are semi-migratory fish in rivers and lakes, laying drifting eggs during river flooding. After the eggs are laid, they drift with the water to hatch, and the fry grow and mature in lakes.

[0003] The construction of high dams and large reservoirs increases the water depth above the dam and reduces the flow rate. For drifting fish eggs, after fertilization, they need to drift a certain distance before hatching. However, eggs in spawning grounds near the reservoir lack sufficient time to hatch before entering the reservoir, resulting in insufficient drifting distance for hatching. For example, the spawning period of round-mouthed copperfish is generally from May to July, and they need to drift for 50-55 hours before hatching. The surface water velocity must be greater than 0.25 m / s. This ensures that the eggs do not become stagnant, drift too slowly, or sink, and that they hatch and reproduce successfully during the drifting process. For fish eggs that do not drift far enough within the reservoir, it is also necessary to ensure that they can successfully cross the dam and reach the downstream area of ​​the reservoir, where they can continue to drift and hatch along the downstream river current. When drifting eggs and early fish fry with very weak mobility enter the reservoir, the flow velocity of the upper water body in the reservoir gradually slows down and the flow state gradually becomes smoother. The flow velocity in the reservoir is lower than the perceived flow velocity for hatching fish eggs, that is, the drifting speed of fish eggs. The drifting speed of fish eggs is too slow or even drops to the bottom of the water, which cannot meet the drifting and hatching needs of drifting fish eggs. As a result, they lose their activity and cannot hatch, eventually leading to a decline in the number of some fish populations.

[0004] Patent publication number CN109447848A discloses an ecological dispatching system of cascade hydropower stations suitable for fish that lay drifting eggs. The invention is used to provide suitable hydrological process conditions for the reproduction of fish that lay drifting eggs, and reduce the impact of the operation of cascade reservoirs on the reproduction process of fish that lay drifting eggs. The invention is based on the changes in indicators such as the water level and flow rate of the spawning grounds of fish that lay drifting eggs and the river sections where the eggs drift. The upstream cascade cooperates with the downstream cascade to adjust the hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions such as the water level and flow rate of the spawning grounds of fish that lay drifting eggs and the river sections where the eggs drift. Through the coordinated use of engineering measures and non-engineering measures, suitable hydrological process conditions are provided for the reproduction of fish that lay drifting eggs, and the impact of the operation of cascade reservoirs on the reproduction process of fish that lay drifting eggs is reduced. This invention is applicable to the ecological scheduling of cascade hydropower stations near which fish that lay drifting eggs live. This invention mainly utilizes "flood peaks" to stimulate fish spawning, but does not take into account that when the water flow velocity in the reservoir area is insufficient, the drifting fish eggs may become stationary, sink, drift too slowly, or be unable to pass the dam, which may lead to the inactivation of the drifting fish eggs and their inability to reproduce. This invention lacks the function of actively regulating the water flow velocity in the reservoir area and assisting the drifting fish eggs to pass the dam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a fish egg and fish dam-crossing system and device for a reservoir, aiming to solve the problem of sinking and inactivation of fish eggs in the reservoir area of ​​the existing auxiliary drifting fish egg dam-crossing device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a fish egg and fish crossing dam system for a reservoir, comprising a drifting egg and fish data storage module, a network communication module, a monitoring and identification module and an analysis and decision module, wherein the drifting egg and fish data storage module is used to store collected data of fish and drifting fish eggs, the network communication module is responsible for data transmission, the monitoring and identification module comprises a flow rate monitoring unit, the flow rate monitoring unit is used to monitor the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area; the monitoring and identification module also comprises a fish and fish egg identification unit, the fish and fish egg identification unit is used to monitor whether there are fish and / or fish eggs entering the reservoir area, and the analysis and decision module analyzes the fish in the reservoir area and The data of fish eggs and the flow velocity of the surface water in the reservoir provide a decision-making plan for the water flow velocity that meets the needs of the hatching of drifting fish eggs. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for the reservoir also includes a flow velocity compensation module and a fish and fish egg dam crossing module. The flow velocity compensation module is used to adjust the flow velocity of the surface layer of the reservoir when the surface flow velocity of the reservoir does not meet the requirements, so as to ensure that the flow velocity of the surface water in the reservoir meets the water flow velocity requirements of the drifting fish eggs; the fish and fish egg dam crossing module includes a guiding unit and a dam crossing unit. The guiding unit is used to guide the fish to the upstream entrance of the dam crossing unit and guide the fish and / or fish eggs to flow into the dam crossing unit; the dam crossing unit is used to assist the fish eggs and / or fish to pass through the dam.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned diversification of flow rate regulation solutions, the analysis and decision-making module is also connected to the multi-stage dam through a network communication module.

[0008] In order to solve the problem of assisting fish and fish eggs to enter the river, it also includes a fish egg entry unit and a river entry flow rate monitoring unit. The fish egg entry unit assists fish eggs and fish to enter the downstream river channel smoothly, and the river entry flow rate monitoring unit is used to monitor the surface flow rate at the fish egg return position and the floating situation of the fish eggs.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow rate monitoring unit includes a support rod and a flow rate monitor. The flow rate monitor is fixed on the support rod. The support rod floats on the water surface, and both ends of the support rod are river channel connection ends.

[0010] In order to solve the problem of how to improve the monitoring of the above-mentioned fish and fish eggs, the fish and fish egg identification unit includes an underwater camera and a vertical support rod. One end of the vertical support rod is fixed in the river channel of the reservoir area, and the underwater camera is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod. The underwater camera is connected to the analysis and decision-making module through a network communication module.

[0011] In order to solve the problem of how to increase the monitoring range, there are multiple underwater cameras, and the underwater cameras are distributed at equal intervals vertically.

[0012] Furthermore, a flow rate compensation module is arranged downstream of the monitoring and identification module. The flow rate compensation module includes a transverse fixed rod, a rectifier curtain, a curtain pull line and a driving member 1. The transverse fixed rod is fixed below the water surface of the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifier curtain spans the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifier curtain blocks the flow of water. The fixed end of the driving member 1 is fixed on the transverse fixed rod, one end of the curtain pull line is fixedly connected to the rectifier curtain, and the other end of the curtain pull line is connected to the movable end of the driving member 1. The driving member 1 adjusts the position of the rectifier curtain by adjusting the length of the curtain pull line. The driving member 1 is connected to the analysis and decision module through the network communication module.

[0013] To solve the problem of how to set up the above-mentioned driving parts, there are two driving parts, one at each end of the horizontal fixed rod, and two curtain cables, which are connected to the left and right poles at the top of the rectifier curtain.

[0014] In order to solve the problem of the stability of the above-mentioned screen, the rectifying screen further comprises a counterweight block, which is fixedly connected to the end of the rectifying screen away from the transverse fixing rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the theoretical calculation formula for the effect of the straightening curtain on the velocity of the surface water is:

[0016]

[0017] Where: V 表(整) is the theoretical surface velocity of the river under the influence of the rectifying curtain; add a permeability coefficient k; A0 and v0 are the cross-sectional area and average velocity of the river when the rectifying curtain is not activated; A x 、v xis the cross-sectional area and average flow velocity of the lower part of the straightening curtain after the straightening curtain is activated; h' is the height of the upper water after the straightening curtain is activated; b is the width of the river surface; α is the inclination angle of the river bank slope.

[0018] Furthermore, the guiding unit includes a horizontal plate, a vertical plate, a second driving member and a guide light. The vertical plate is fixed downstream of the flow rate compensation module, the horizontal plate is horizontally arranged on the upstream side of the vertical plate, the vertical plate is vertically fixed on the river channel, a slide groove is vertically opened on the vertical plate, the horizontal plate is fixedly provided with a slider, the slider slides in cooperation with the slide groove, the second driving member drives the horizontal plate to slide vertically, a guide light is fixedly provided on the upstream end face of the vertical plate, and the vertical plate and the horizontal plate span the river channel.

[0019] In order to solve the problem of how to install the guide light, a light groove is opened on the vertical plate, and the guide light is inserted into the light groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the dam-crossing unit includes a flow channel connecting the upstream and downstream of the dam, and a partition is provided in the flow channel. The partition is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow, and a slot is opened on the flow channel. The partition is inserted into the slot to form a closed structure. The partition is fixedly provided with a displacement device corresponding to the partition. The displacement device drives the partition to slide in the slot to adjust the depth of the partition inserted into the flow channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the displacement device is matched with the partition, one slot corresponds to one partition, and the slots are distributed at equal intervals on one side of the flow channel.

[0022] In order to solve the problem of how to effectively reduce the water flow rate, slots are provided on both sides of the flow channel, and the slots are staggered at equal intervals.

[0023] Furthermore, the fish egg inlet unit includes an egg trough and a rotating motor. The egg trough is rotatably connected to the top of the downstream outlet of the flow channel. The rotating shaft of the egg trough is vertically arranged. The depth of the egg trough is lower than the flow channel. The egg trough is the same width as the flow channel. The fixed end of the rotating motor is fixed on the flow channel, and the movable end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, one of the egg passing trough and the flow channel is provided with a rotating shaft, and the other is provided with a shaft seat rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0025] Furthermore, the river inlet flow rate monitoring unit includes a guide rod, a float and a flow meter. The guide rod is vertically fixed on the egg trough, the float is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the flow meter is fixedly connected inside the float.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir performs flow velocity compensation on fish and drifting fish eggs flowing into the reservoir area through a flow velocity compensation module, thereby ensuring a suitable flow velocity, improving the activity of fish eggs, and meeting the hatching requirements of drifting fish eggs; in addition, the present invention is further provided with a river inlet flow velocity monitoring unit, which derives the survival rate of fish and drifting fish eggs by monitoring the water flow velocity at the river inlet, thereby providing data support for a flow velocity regulation scheme; the present invention improves data collection efficiency by monitoring fish and drifting fish eggs through an underwater camera, and simultaneously provides more accurate and reliable information for the drifting egg and fish data storage module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fish egg and fish dam crossing system used in a reservoir according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a flow rate monitoring unit in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the flow rate compensation module of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flow rate compensation module in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide unit in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the guide unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dam-crossing unit in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the dam-crossing unit in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a front view of the fish egg entering the river unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a side view of the fish egg entering the river unit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the buoy of the river inlet velocity monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0038] The markings in the figure are: 1. Dam; 2. Flow rate monitoring unit; 3. Fish and fish egg identification unit; 4. Flow rate compensation module; 5. Guide unit; 6. Dam crossing unit; 7. Fish egg entering the river unit; 21. Support rod; 22. Flow rate monitor; 31. Vertical support rod; 32. Underwater camera; 41. Horizontal fixing rod; 42. Rectification curtain; 43. Curtain line; 44. Driving part 1; 45. Counterweight; 51. Vertical plate; 52. Horizontal plate; 53. Slide; 54. Guide light; 55. Driving part 2; 56. Belt; 57. Support box; 61. Flow channel; 62. Partition; 63. Displacement device; 71. Egg passing trough; 72. Rotating shaft; 73. Guide rod; 74. Float; 75. Flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "driving member 1" and "driving member 2" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] Combine Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, the present invention is used for a fish egg and fish crossing dam system in a reservoir, comprising a drifting egg and fish data storage module, a network communication module, a monitoring and identification module, and an analysis and decision module. The drifting egg and fish data storage module is used to store collected data on fish and drifting fish eggs, the network communication module is responsible for data transmission, the monitoring and identification module comprises a flow rate monitoring unit 2, and the flow rate monitoring unit 2 is used to monitor the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area; the monitoring and identification module also comprises a fish and fish egg identification unit 3, and the fish and fish egg identification unit 3 is used to monitor whether there are fish and / or fish eggs entering the reservoir area. The analysis and decision module provides a decision plan for the water flow rate required for the hatching of drifting fish eggs by analyzing the data of fish and fish eggs in the reservoir area and the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area. The fish egg and fish crossing dam system for the reservoir also comprises a flow rate compensation module 4 and a fish and fish egg crossing dam module The flow rate compensation module 4 is used to adjust the flow rate of the surface layer of the reservoir when the surface flow rate of the reservoir does not meet the requirements, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the surface water body of the reservoir meets the flow rate requirements of the drifting fish eggs for the water flow rate; the fish and fish egg crossing the dam module includes a guiding unit 5 and a dam crossing unit 6, the guiding unit 5 is used to guide the fish to the upstream entrance of the dam crossing unit 6, and guide the fish and / or drifting fish eggs to flow into the dam crossing unit 6; the dam crossing unit 6 is used to assist the drifting fish eggs and / or fish to pass through the dam; the fish egg and fish crossing the dam system for the reservoir uses the flow rate compensation module 4 to compensate for the flow rate of the fish and drifting fish eggs flowing into the reservoir, so as to ensure a suitable flow rate, improve the activity of fish and fish eggs, and meet the hatching requirements of drifting fish eggs; thereby avoiding the problem of inactivation and sinking of drifting fish eggs due to insufficient flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir water body.

[0042] The invention discloses a floating fish egg data storage module for storing basic data of collected fish and floating fish eggs, including information on the diameter, embryo length, egg color, egg weight, fish egg pictures, and fish egg storage time of fish eggs of different ages; the fish information database is used to store basic data of historically collected floating fish and migratory fish, specifically including basic data such as species, body shape, and earliest storage time; the invention discloses a network communication module for transmitting data and providing physical protection for system operation; the network communication module includes a communication unit and a network unit; the communication unit is responsible for sending the flow, water level, and position data collected by the environmental monitoring system to a data receiving station, and then transmitting the data from the data receiving station to the analysis and decision-making module, and is also responsible for sending commands from the analysis and decision-making module to the data receiving station, and then the data receiving station sends the commands to each flow and water level monitoring station; the network unit is responsible for data exchange and sharing and multi-user remote conferences.

[0043] The drifting fish egg data storage module of the present invention is composed of two data storage servers, which are located in the machine room of the reservoir dispatching center. One server is a main memory and the other server is a data redundancy backup memory. The two different storage servers improve data processing efficiency and also improve the fault tolerance of the present invention to protect data resources.

[0044] The communication unit of the present invention is composed of a data transmission cable and a control cable group. The data information collected by different modules is transmitted to the analysis and decision module through the data transmission cable, and the analysis and decision module controls the equipment of each module through the control cable.

[0045] Furthermore, the analysis and decision-making module is also connected to the multi-stage dam 1 through the network communication module; the analysis and decision-making module is connected to the dam 1, and when the water flow rate downstream of the dam 1 is insufficient, the dam 1 can be adjusted to release water to compensate for the flow rate of the downstream river water, thereby realizing more flow rate regulation methods.

[0046] Depend on Figure 7 As shown, the fish egg and fish crossing dam system for a reservoir of the present invention further includes a fish egg entering the river unit 7 and a river entering flow velocity monitoring unit 2. The fish egg entering the river unit 7 assists fish eggs and fish to smoothly enter the downstream river channel. The river entering flow velocity monitoring unit 2 is used to monitor the surface flow velocity at the fish egg return position and the floating condition of the fish eggs. By setting the river entering monitoring unit and monitoring the water flow velocity at the river entering position, the survival rate of fish and drifting fish eggs can be deduced, thereby providing data support for the optimization plan of the analysis and decision-making module.

[0047] Depend on Figure 2 As shown, the flow rate monitoring unit 2 of the present invention includes a support rod and a flow rate monitor 22. The flow rate monitor 22 is fixed on the support rod 21, and the support rod 21 floats on the water surface. Both ends of the support rod 21 are river channel connection ends; both ends of the support rod 21 are fixed to both sides of the river channel by cables, providing a moving space for the support rod 21 to float with the water surface; wherein the flow rate detector can select any one of the propeller flow meter 75, Doppler flow meter 75, and ultrasonic flow meter 75, preferably the propeller flow meter 75; through the support rod 21 floating on the water surface, the flow rate monitor 22 can obtain the flow rate of the surface water body of the reservoir in real time, thereby improving work efficiency and facilitating maintenance.

[0048] As another mode of the flow rate monitoring unit 2 of the present invention, radar flow meters 75 are fixedly installed on both sides of the river channel, and the flow rate of the water in the river channel is detected by the radar flow meter 75. The radar flow meter 75 is used to monitor the flow rate of the water body, thereby avoiding direct contact with the water body and improving the service life. In addition, the flow rate of different areas can be detected by manually holding the flow meter 75; the acquired flow rate data is transmitted to the analysis and decision module through the communication unit for analysis by the analysis and decision module.

[0049] Depend on Figure 2 As shown, the fish and fish egg identification unit 3 of the present invention includes an underwater camera 32 and a vertical support rod 31. One end of the vertical support rod 31 is fixed in the river channel of the reservoir area, and the underwater camera 32 is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod 31. The underwater camera 32 is connected to the analysis and decision module through a network communication module; the fish and fish egg identification unit 3 periodically obtains underwater images through the underwater camera 32, and the analysis and decision module uses the image recognition technology based on R-CNN to monitor and identify fish eggs and fish; for fish eggs, it is mainly monitored whether they have a sinking motion trajectory. When the analysis and decision unit compares the images before and after at different times and finds that the fish eggs have a sinking trend, that is, the surface flow velocity of the reservoir water body is less than the drift velocity of the fish eggs, the corresponding flow velocity compensation measures are activated.

[0050] The underwater camera 32 of the fish and fish egg identification unit 3 is preferably a high-speed underwater camera. Using a high-speed underwater camera can capture clearer images and improve data collection efficiency. Furthermore, multiple underwater cameras 32 are provided, and the cameras 32 are evenly spaced vertically. These multiple equally spaced, vertically distributed underwater high-speed cameras can not only monitor fish and drifting fish eggs, but also migratory fish.

[0051] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The flow rate compensation module 4 of the present invention is arranged downstream of the monitoring and identification module. The flow rate compensation module 4 includes a horizontal fixed rod 41, a rectifying curtain 42, a curtain pull line 43 and a driving member 44. The horizontal fixed rod 41 is fixed below the water surface of the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifying curtain 42 spans the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifying curtain 42 blocks the flow of water. The fixed end of the driving member 44 is fixed on the horizontal fixed rod 41. One end of the curtain pull line 43 is fixedly connected to the rectifying curtain 42, and the other end of the curtain pull line 43 is connected to the movable end of the driving member 44. The driving member 44 adjusts the position of the rectifying curtain 42 by adjusting the length of the curtain pull line 43. The driving member 44 is connected to the analysis and decision-making module through the network communication module. The present invention intercepts the water flow through the rectifying curtain 42, then changes the flow rate of the water flow, and then adjusts the height of the rectifying curtain 42 in the river channel through the driving member to achieve different adjustment effects.

[0052] The two ends of the transverse fixing rod 41 are fixed to the upper end surface of the river channel, so that the rectifying curtain 42 can achieve the effect of blocking the water flow under any water level conditions, so as to achieve the effect of regulating the flow rate. In addition, the curtain line 43 is fixed to the two ends of the upper side of the rectifying curtain 42, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 72 of the driving member 44 is perpendicular to the curtain line 43; in the present invention, the rectifying curtain 42 is preferably a cloth piece woven with steel ropes. A further improvement is that in order to adjust the overall consistency of the rectifying curtain 42 and quickly lift it, a straight rod can be provided on the upper side of the rectifying curtain 42, and the straight rod is used to keep the rectifying curtain 42 in a consistent lifting.

[0053] Among them, the driving member 44 is an underwater device, preferably an underwater motor. A further improvement is that a round roller is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 72 of the underwater motor to improve the lifting efficiency of the underwater motor on the rectifier curtain 42; further, there are two driving members 44, which are respectively located at the two ends of the horizontal fixed rod 41, and there are two curtain pull lines 43, which are connected to the left and right poles of the top of the rectifier curtain 42; a further improvement is that the rectifier curtain 42 also includes a counterweight block 45, and the counterweight block 45 is fixedly connected to the end of the rectifier curtain 42 away from the horizontal fixed rod 41; the driving member 44 is connected to the analysis and decision module through the communication unit, and the analysis and decision module realizes the adjustment of the rectifier curtain 42 through the driving member 44.

[0054] As another improvement of the flow rate compensation module 4 of the present invention, a accommodating chamber is opened inside the transverse fixed rod 41, and the accommodating chamber is opened with a cutout. The driving member 44 is an underwater hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a cylinder head, a piston and a piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device and an exhaust device. The cylinder barrel is fixed in the accommodating chamber, and the piston rod is connected to the curtain pull line 43. The curtain pull line 43 is fixedly connected to the rectifier curtain 42 after passing through the cutout. A pulley is provided at the cutout position, and the pulley is rotatably connected to the transverse fixed rod 41. The curtain pull line 43 is overlapped on the pulley to reduce the friction loss of the curtain pull line 43 during movement; the driving member 44 can also be an underwater cylinder or an underwater electric cylinder. The driving member 44 is connected to the analysis and decision module through a communication unit, and the analysis and decision module realizes the adjustment of the rectifier curtain 42 through the driving member 44.

[0055] Furthermore, the theoretical calculation formula for the effect of the straightening curtain 42 on the flow velocity of the surface water is:

[0056]

[0057] Where: V 表(整) is the theoretical flow velocity of the river surface under the influence of the rectifying curtain 42; plus a permeability coefficient k; A0 and v0 are the cross-sectional area and average flow velocity of the river when the rectifying curtain 42 is not activated; A x 、v xis the cross-sectional area and average flow velocity of the lower part of the rectifying curtain 42 after the rectifying curtain 42 is activated; h' is the height of the upper water stagnation after the rectifying curtain 42 is activated; b is the width of the river surface; α is the inclination angle of the river bank slope.

[0058] In the present invention, the flow rate regulation scheme of the analysis and decision-making module includes two flow rate compensation measures, which work in tandem. One is to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel by using a straightening curtain 42, thereby increasing the surface water velocity. This method is the primary method for increasing flow rate. The other method adjusts the flow rate by utilizing existing hydraulic structures, including surface orifice water intake for power generation and surface orifice water discharge. This method must be adopted based on the actual operating conditions of the dam or power station on site and is a supplementary measure for increasing flow rate. The combination of these two measures provides the present invention with a more flexible flow rate regulation scheme.

[0059] Combine Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the guide unit 5 includes a horizontal plate 52, a vertical plate 51, a second driving member 55 and a guide light 54. The vertical plate 51 is fixed at the downstream of the flow rate compensation module 4, the horizontal plate 52 is arranged horizontally on the upstream side of the vertical plate 51, and the vertical plate 51 is vertically fixed on the river channel. A chute 53 is vertically opened on the vertical plate 51. The horizontal plate 52 is fixedly provided with a slider, and the slider slides with the chute 53. The second driving member 55 drives the horizontal plate 52 to slide vertically. A guide light 54 is fixedly provided on the upstream end surface of the vertical plate 51. The vertical plate 51 and the horizontal plate 52 span the river channel. The present invention forms a shaped structure, in which the slide groove 53 is a "T"-shaped groove, and the slider is a matching "T"-shaped block. The cooperation of the "T"-shaped structure allows the horizontal plate 52 to slide up and down while also protecting the horizontal plate 52 from falling. The second driving component 55 is an underwater hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a cylinder cover, a piston and a piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device and an exhaust device. The cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the vertical plate 51, and the movable end of the piston rod is connected to the slider. The piston rod drives the slider to move up and down. A further improvement is that the piston rod is a multi-stage hydraulic rod; in addition, the second driving component 55 can also be an underwater cylinder or an underwater electric cylinder.

[0060] Another improvement is that a cavity is opened in the vertical plate 51, and the second driving member 55 is fixed in the cavity. The second driving member 55 is an underwater motor. The movable end of the underwater motor is fixedly connected to the driving wheel. The cavity of the vertical plate 51 is rotatably connected to the driven wheel at the end away from the underwater motor. Belts 56 are installed on the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The belt 56 is vertically arranged in the cavity. The slide groove 53 is connected to the cavity. The belt 56 contacts the slider. The second driving member 55 drives the belt 56 to move. The belt 56 drives the slider to move through friction. The contact between the belt 56 and the slider avoids the direct contact between the second driving member 55 and the slider, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance.

[0061] Depend on Figure 5As shown, a light trough is opened on the vertical plate 51, and a guide light 54 is inserted into the light trough. The guide light 54 is an LED light. The guide light 54 and the driving member 2 55 are connected to the analysis and decision module through a communication unit. Among them, the guide light 54 lights up in sequence from the end away from the flow channel 61 toward the upstream water inlet of the flow channel 61 to guide the fish to swim into the flow channel 61. The horizontal plate 52 is provided with a downward slope from the end away from the flow channel 61 to the end close to the flow channel 61. The slope has a slope of 0.10 to 0.25 to ensure that the fish eggs enter the flow channel 61 with the water flow.

[0062] As another solution of the guide unit 5 of the present invention, the guide unit 5 includes a horizontal plate 52, a vertical plate 51, a second driving member 55, a guide light 54 and a support box 57. The support box 57 is fixed at the downstream of the flow rate compensation module 4. The support box 57 is a floating box body. The vertical plate 51 is fixedly connected to the support box 57. The two ends of the support box 57 are fixed to the two ends of the river channel with cables. The horizontal plate 52 is arranged horizontally on the upstream side of the vertical plate 51. A slide groove 53 is vertically opened on the vertical plate 51. The horizontal plate 52 is fixedly provided with a slider, and the slider slides with the slide groove 53. The second driving member 55 drives the horizontal plate 52 to slide vertically. The guide light 54 is fixedly provided on the end surface of the vertical plate 51 facing upstream. The vertical plate 51 and the horizontal plate 5 2 across the river; adopting this scheme, the vertical board 51 is fixed on the support box 57, floats in the water through the support box 57, and the vertical board 51 stands upright in the water under the action of its own gravity. The support box 57 spans the river and is then connected to the river through a cable, so that the support box 57 can always float on the water surface under different water levels, ensuring the normal use of the guide unit 5; in addition, in this scheme, the height of the vertical board 51 no longer needs to be the same as the height of the river. The vertical boards 51 of different heights can be set according to the specific conditions of different fish and drifting fish eggs. Under the premise of guiding fish and fish eggs to cross the dam, the resistance of the vertical board 51 to the water flow velocity can be reduced, the loss of the vertical board 51 is reduced, and the service life of the vertical board 51 is increased.

[0063] Combine Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown, the dam-crossing unit 6 of the present invention includes a flow channel 61 connecting the upstream and downstream of the dam 1, and a partition 62 is provided in the flow channel 61. The partition 62 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow in the flow channel 61, and a slot is opened on the flow channel 61. The partition 62 is inserted into the slot, and the side wall of the partition 62 and the groove wall of the slot form a closed structure. The partition 62 is fixedly provided with a displacement device 63, which drives the partition 62 to slide in the slot and adjusts the depth of the partition 62 inserted into the flow channel 61; further, the displacement device 63 is matched with the partition 62, one slot corresponds to one partition 62, and the slots are evenly spaced on one side of the flow channel 61. A further improvement is that slots are provided on both sides of the flow channel 61, and the slots are staggered with equal spacing; the slots are set from the lower end surface of the flow channel 61 to the highest point and are connected to the upper surface of the flow channel 61. The river channel is horizontal, and the height of the slot is less than the height of the flow channel 61. The above-mentioned displacement device 63 uses a reciprocating linear motion structure such as a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electric cylinder, and the partition 62 can be made of concrete, steel structure, or nylon material; the fish and fish eggs are drained through a separately opened flow channel 61, and are separately protected, and also provide a good observation point; when the fish eggs pass the dam, the partition 62 is placed outside the flow channel 61 to provide an unobstructed flow channel 61 for the fish eggs; when the fish pass the dam, the partition 62 is placed inside the flow channel 61 to provide a resting platform for the fish in the flow channel 61; a further improvement is that the partition 62 is also provided with a chute on the outside of the flow channel 61, and the partition 62 slides in the chute, and the sliding direction and distance of the partition 62 are limited by the chute, so as to achieve a better control effect on the partition 62.

[0064] Combine Figure 7 、 Figure 9 As shown, the fish egg entering the river unit 7 includes an egg trough 71 and a rotating motor. The egg trough 71 is rotatably connected to the top of the downstream outlet of the flow channel 61. The egg trough 71 rotating shaft 72 is vertically arranged. The depth of the egg trough 71 is lower than the flow channel 61. The egg trough 71 is as wide as the flow channel 61. The fixed end of the rotating motor is fixed on the flow channel 61, and the movable end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 72; the rotating motor adopts a waterproof motor, and the movable end of the waterproof motor is connected to the rotating shaft 72. The egg trough 71 is rotated to different positions by driving the rotating shaft 72 to rotate. The egg trough 71 is as wide as the flow channel 61, and its depth is lower than the depth of the flow channel 61. Further, one of the egg trough 71 and the flow channel 61 is provided with a rotating shaft 72, and the other is provided with a shaft seat rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 72; wherein the waterproof motor is preferably a waterproof self-locking motor. When the egg trough 71 rotates to the same direction as the flow channel 61, the waterproof self-locking motor is powered off and self-locked, so that the egg trough 71 is fixed.

[0065] When the working condition is for passing fish, the egg trough 71 flows along the direction of the river water flow, and the fish directly enter the downstream river through the flow channel 61 without swimming through the egg trough 71. When the working condition is for passing fish eggs, the direction of the egg trough 71 is the same as the direction of the water flow in the flow channel 61. After the fish eggs pass through the flow channel 61, they enter the egg trough 71 and finally enter the downstream river.

[0066] Depend on Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, the river inlet flow rate monitoring unit 2 includes a guide rod 73, a float 74 and a flow meter 75. The guide rod 73 is vertically fixed on the egg-passing trough 71, the float 74 is slidably connected to the guide rod 73, and the flow meter 75 is fixedly connected inside the float 74; the guide rod 73 is in a "[" shape, and its two ends are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the front end surface of the egg-passing trough 71, the float 74 is slidably connected to the vertical part of the guide rod 73, and the flow meter 75 is fixed in the float 74. The flow meter 75 adopts a non-contact flow rate measuring device, and the flow meter 75 is preferably a radar flow meter 75, which is connected to the analysis and decision-making module through a communication unit; this solution can be used to adjust the use status of the egg-passing trough 71 according to different working conditions.

[0067] As another improvement of the fish egg entering the river unit 7 of the present invention, the fish egg entering the river unit 7 includes an egg trough 71, the egg trough 71 is lower in depth than the flow channel 61, the egg trough 71 is as wide as the flow channel 61, the egg trough 71 is provided with a vertical hole on the trough wall, and a groove is provided on the end face of the downstream estuary of the flow channel 61, a guide rod is fixed in the groove, the guide rod and the hole are slidably matched, and the guide rod is vertically arranged, and a floating block is fixedly provided on the upper end face of the egg trough 71, the floating block of the egg trough 71 floats on the water surface and the rest of the block sinks underwater; the river inlet flow rate monitoring unit 2 includes a current meter 75, which is fixedly connected to the floating block; the egg trough 71 is floated in the water by the floating block, which can follow different water level conditions and realize the bearing effect on the fish eggs. At the same time, the current meter 75 is located on the floating block, and the floating block keeps contact with the water surface, reducing the parts structure and saving costs.

[0068] Furthermore, an underwater high-speed camera is fixedly installed at the downstream estuary of the flow channel 61. The underwater high-speed camera is connected to the analysis and decision-making module through a communication unit, and the passage and survival of fish and fish eggs at the downstream estuary are monitored by the underwater high-speed camera.

[0069] One embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0070] 1. Monitoring the situation of fish and fish eggs in the reservoir area: When drifting fish eggs or migratory fish enter the reservoir, the underwater images captured by the underwater high-speed camera are used. The analysis and decision-making module uses R-CNN image recognition technology to identify the species of fish eggs and fish. The movement trajectory and trend of the fish eggs are determined based on the images of fish eggs at different times.

[0071] 2. Determine the current flow velocity state of the reservoir area: The analysis and decision-making module obtains the surface flow velocity V1 of the reservoir area through the flow velocity monitoring unit 2, and compares the surface flow velocity V1 of the reservoir area with the floating velocity V0 of fish eggs. When V1 < V0 and it is judged from underwater pictures that the movement trajectory of fish eggs has a downward trend, it is determined that the current state of the reservoir area is an under-flow velocity state; otherwise, it is determined as a normal flow velocity state.

[0072] 3. Start flow velocity compensation: When the analysis and decision-making module determines that the current state of the reservoir area is an under-flow velocity state, the flow velocity compensation unit is enabled to compensate for the surface water flow velocity of the reservoir area by adjusting the height of the rectifying curtain 42, and the surface water flow velocity of the reservoir area can be increased through the synergistic effect with the dam surface hole water intake measure.

[0073] 4. Guide fish and / or fish eggs to cross the dam: When there are only fish eggs to cross the dam in the reservoir area, the analysis and decision-making module activates the guiding lights of the guiding unit 5 to guide the fish to swim into the flow channel 61 of the dam-crossing unit 6; when there are both fish eggs and fish to cross the dam in the reservoir area, the eggs are given priority. After all the fish eggs pass through the dam, the guiding lights are turned on to guide the fish to cross the dam.

[0074] 5. Fish and fish eggs pass through the dam 1: When the analysis and decision-making module makes a decision on the passage of fish eggs, the displacement device 63 is activated to withdraw the partition 62 from the flow channel 61, so that the water flow in the flow channel 61 is unobstructed and maintains a certain flow velocity, enabling the floating fish eggs to float; when the analysis and decision-making module makes a decision on the passage of fish through the flow channel 61, the displacement device 63 is activated to insert the partition 62 into the flow channel 61, so that the water flow in the flow channel 61 is blocked, reducing the water flow velocity, and at the same time forming a temporary resting area for fish at the partition 62.

[0075] 6. Monitoring of entering the river: The flow velocity meter 75 of the entering-river flow velocity monitoring unit 2 monitors the flow velocity at the downstream river entrance of the flow channel 61, and feeds back the real-time flow velocity data to the analysis and decision-making module to ensure that the flow velocity compensation device completes the flow velocity compensation work, and the floating situation of fish eggs at the downstream river entrance can be monitored in real time through an underwater high-speed camera, facilitating the analysis and decision-making module to adjust the rectifying decision in real time.

[0076] The specific embodiments of the present invention may include egg-passing working conditions, priority egg-passing working conditions, fish-passing working conditions, fish egg synchronous dam-crossing working conditions, etc. In the specific embodiments of the present application, taking the main function of the present invention - the egg-passing working condition as an example, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described.

[0077] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "and / or" used in the specification and appended claims of the present application refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0078] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples of preferred solutions and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above description are possible. The structures described in this application may be replaced and combined without conflict; an exhaustive list of all possible implementations is neither necessary nor feasible. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir, comprising a drifting egg and fish data storage module, a network communication module, a monitoring and identification module, and an analysis and decision module, wherein the drifting egg and fish data storage module is used to store collected data on fish and drifting eggs, the network communication module is responsible for data transmission, and the monitoring and identification module includes a flow rate monitoring unit (2), and the flow rate monitoring unit (2) is used to monitor the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area; Its characteristics are: The monitoring and identification module further comprises a fish and fish egg identification unit (3), the fish and fish egg identification unit (3) being used to monitor whether fish and / or fish eggs enter the reservoir area. The analysis and decision module provides a decision scheme for the water flow rate that meets the requirements for the hatching of drifting fish eggs by the water flow by analyzing the data of fish and fish eggs in the reservoir area and the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for the reservoir further comprises a flow rate compensation module (4) and a fish and fish egg dam crossing module. The flow rate compensation module (4) is used to adjust the flow rate of the surface layer of the reservoir area when the surface flow rate of the reservoir area does not meet the requirements, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the surface water body in the reservoir area meets the requirements of the water flow rate for the drifting fish eggs. The fish and fish egg dam crossing module comprises a guiding unit (5) and a dam crossing unit (6), the guiding unit (5) being used to guide fish to the upstream entrance of the dam crossing unit (6) and guide fish and / or fish eggs to flow into the dam crossing unit (6); the dam crossing unit (6) being used to assist fish eggs and / or fish to pass through the dam.

2. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fish egg entering the river unit (7) and a river entering flow rate monitoring unit. The fish egg entering the river unit (7) assists fish eggs and fish to enter the downstream river smoothly. The river entering flow rate monitoring unit is used to monitor the surface flow rate at the fish egg return position and the floating condition of the fish eggs.

3. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow rate monitoring unit (2) comprises a support rod (21) and a flow rate monitor (22), wherein the flow rate monitor (22) is fixed on the support rod (21), the support rod (21) floats on the water surface, and both ends of the support rod (21) are river channel connection ends.

4. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish and fish egg identification unit (3) comprises an underwater camera (32) and a vertical support rod (31), one end of the vertical support rod (31) is fixed in a river channel of a reservoir area, the underwater camera (32) is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod (31), and the underwater camera (32) is connected to the analysis and decision module via the network communication module.

5. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are a plurality of underwater cameras (32), and the underwater cameras (32) are distributed at equal intervals in the vertical direction.

6. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow rate compensation module (4) is arranged downstream of the monitoring and identification module. The flow rate compensation module (4) includes a transverse fixed rod (41), a rectifying curtain (42), a curtain pull line (43) and a driving member (44). The transverse fixed rod (41) is fixed below the water surface of the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifying curtain (42) spans the river channel in the reservoir area. The rectifying curtain (42) blocks the flow of water. The fixed end of the driving member (44) is fixed on the transverse fixed rod (41). One end of the curtain pull line (43) is fixedly connected to the rectifying curtain (42). The other end of the curtain pull line (43) is connected to the movable end of the driving member (44). The driving member (44) adjusts the position of the rectifying curtain (42) by adjusting the length of the curtain pull line (43). The driving member (44) is connected to the analysis and decision module through the network communication module.

7. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are two driving members (44), which are respectively located at the two ends of the transverse fixing rod (41), and there are two curtain pull cables (43), which are connected to the left and right poles at the top of the rectifying curtain (42).

8. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rectifying curtain (42) further comprises a counterweight (45), wherein the counterweight (45) is fixedly connected to an end of the rectifying curtain (42) away from the transverse fixing rod (41).

9. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The theoretical calculation formula for the effect of the straightening curtain (42) on the flow velocity of the surface water body is: ， in: is the theoretical surface velocity of the river under the influence of the rectifying curtain; k is the permeability coefficient; 、 is the river cross-sectional area and average flow velocity when the rectifying curtain is not activated; 、 It is the cross-sectional area and average flow velocity of the lower part of the rectifying curtain after the rectifying curtain is activated; It is the water level at the top after the rectifier curtain is activated; is the surface width of the river channel; is the inclination angle of the river bank slope.

10. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding unit (5) includes a horizontal plate (52), a vertical plate (51), a second driving member (55) and a guide light (54), wherein the vertical plate (51) is fixed downstream of the flow rate compensation module (4), the horizontal plate (52) is arranged horizontally on the upstream side of the vertical plate (51), the vertical plate (51) is vertically fixed on the river channel, a sliding groove (53) is vertically opened on the vertical plate (51), the horizontal plate (52) is fixedly provided with a slider, and the slider is slidably matched with the sliding groove (53), the second driving member (55) drives the horizontal plate (52) to slide vertically, the vertical plate (51) is fixedly provided with a guide light (54) on the upstream end surface, and the vertical plate (51) and the horizontal plate (52) span the river channel.

11. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 10, characterized in that: A lamp slot is formed on the vertical plate (51), and the guide lamp (54) is inserted into the lamp slot.

12. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dam-crossing unit (6) comprises a flow channel (61) connecting the upstream and downstream of the dam, a partition (62) is provided in the flow channel (61), the partition (62) is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow, a slot is provided on the flow channel (61), the partition (62) is inserted into the slot to form a closed structure, and a displacement device (63) is fixedly provided corresponding to the partition (62), the displacement device (63) drives the partition (62) to slide in the slot, and adjusts the depth of the partition (62) inserted into the flow channel (61).

13. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 12, characterized in that: The displacement device (63) corresponds to the partition (62), one slot corresponds to one partition (62), and the slots are distributed at equal intervals on one side of the flow channel (61).

14. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 12, characterized in that: The slots are provided on both sides of the flow channel (61), and the slots are staggered and arranged at equal intervals.

15. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 12, characterized in that: The fish egg inlet unit (7) comprises an egg trough (71) and a rotating motor. The egg trough (71) is rotatably connected to the top of the downstream outlet of the flow channel (61). The rotating shaft (72) of the egg trough (71) is vertically arranged. The depth of the egg trough (71) is lower than that of the flow channel (61). The egg trough (71) and the flow channel (61) have the same width. The fixed end of the rotating motor is fixed on the flow channel (61), and the movable end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (72).

16. The fish egg and fish dam crossing system for a reservoir according to claim 15, characterized in that: The inlet flow rate monitoring unit includes a guide rod (73), a float (74) and a flow meter (75), wherein the guide rod (73) is vertically fixed on the egg-passing trough (71), the float (74) is slidably connected to the guide rod (73), and the flow meter (75) is fixedly connected inside the float (74).

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