A laser welding robot

Abstract

The application discloses a laser welding robot and particularly relates to the technical field of laser welding, which comprises a fixing frame, a moving device arranged on the fixing frame, and a driving device for driving the moving device to move back and forth on the fixing frame, wherein the moving device comprises a moving frame in sliding connection with the fixing frame, a laser welding gun arranged on the front side of the moving frame, a moving rod arranged in the moving frame and movable along a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving device, a fixed rod arranged in the moving rod and fixedly connected with the moving frame, and a gas outlet head fixedly connected with the side of the fixed rod close to the laser welding gun, and one end of the moving rod is rotatably connected with a rotating part. Through the arrangement of the moving device and the guide plate, automatic welding operation can be realized, the power density of the laser welding gun can be controlled, and the on-off of the cooling gas can be controlled, so that manpower can be saved, time caused by frequent operation of changing current can be saved, and danger can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, and more specifically, to a laser welding robot. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a highly efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Laser welding is a non-contact welding process that does not require pressure. The welding process is heat conduction type, where laser radiation heats the surface of the workpiece, and the surface heat diffuses into the interior through heat conduction. By controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, and repetition frequency of the laser pulse, the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool.

[0003] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 The workpieces shown are workpiece 100, workpiece 200, and workpiece 300. The height of the right side of workpiece 100 is equal to the height of the left side of workpiece 200, and the height of the right side of workpiece 200 is equal to the height of the left side of workpiece 300. Since the thickness of the workpieces at the welding position is different, if the joint between workpiece 100 and workpiece 200 is too thin, the workpiece may be damaged during welding. Therefore, the power density of the laser welding gun needs to be changed during the two welding operations. Currently, for welding such workpieces, the input current is changed after each manual welding operation, and then the next weld is welded, which is time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a laser welding robot that can automatically change the power density of the welding torch during the welding process to achieve automated welding operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A laser welding robot includes a fixed frame, a moving device mounted on the fixed frame, and a drive device for driving the moving device to reciprocate on the fixed frame. The moving device includes a moving frame slidably connected to the fixed frame, a laser welding gun mounted on the front side of the moving frame, a moving rod mounted inside the moving frame and movable in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving device, a fixed rod mounted inside the moving rod and fixedly connected to the moving frame, an air outlet fixedly connected to the side of the fixed rod near the laser welding gun, and a rotating component rotatably connected to one end of the moving rod.

[0007] When the moving device moves to one side: the laser welding gun welds the workpiece, and then the moving rod moves so that the air outlet can blow out cooling gas;

[0008] When the moving device moves to the other side: air is blown onto the weld to cool it through the air outlet, then the rotating part rotates to switch the power density of the laser welding gun, and then the moving rod moves back to cut off the cooling gas from the air outlet.

[0009] Preferably, guide plates are provided at both ends of the fixed frame. A slot is opened at one end of the guide plate, and a slope is provided on one side of the slot. The slot and slope on one guide plate are respectively arranged face to face with the slope and slot on the other guide plate. A drive column extending to the top of the moving rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving rod. When the moving device moves, the drive column contacts the slope, thereby driving the moving rod to move.

[0010] Preferably, the drive column has a hollow structure, and the fixed rod has a channel inside. The air outlet is connected to the bottom end of the channel, and the drive column can be connected to or disconnected from the upper end of the channel when the moving rod moves.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating component is a cylindrical gear, and one of the guide plates is provided with a rack on one side that can mesh with the rotating component. When the rotating component moves from one end of the rack to the other end, the rotating component rotates 180° to switch the power density of the laser welding gun.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating component has internal cavities on both sides, and a conductive block is connected to the inside of the cavity via a spring. The outer side wall of the moving rod has arc-shaped grooves on both sides, and the conductive block can be pressed into the arc-shaped grooves by the spring. The moving rod has two non-connected conductive wires, a first conductive wire and a second conductive wire, inside. The first conductive wire extends into one of the arc-shaped grooves and can be electrically connected to the conductive block. The second conductive wire is electrically connected to the laser welding gun. A third conductive wire is provided at the position where the first and second conductive wires are not connected. When the moving rod moves, the first and second conductive wires are disconnected or connected through the third conductive wire.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a positioning mechanism, which includes a positioning cap inserted into the side wall of the movable frame and a spring 2 disposed at the end of the positioning cap. Two arc-shaped grooves 2 are provided on one side of the movable rod. After the movable rod moves, the spring 2 can press the positioning cap into the arc-shaped grooves 2.

[0014] Preferably, a conveyor belt for transporting workpieces is provided below the fixed frame.

[0015] Preferably, multiple wedge blocks are arranged circumferentially at the edge of the conveyor belt, and a push rod is movably inserted into one end of the fixed frame. The push rod is elastically connected to the fixed frame through a spring. When the moving device moves, it can push the push rod to move, so that the push rod pushes the inclined surface of the wedge block, and finally makes the conveyor belt intermittently convey forward.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. By setting up a moving device and guide plate, automated welding operations can be achieved. It can also control the power density of the laser welding gun and the on / off state of the cooling gas, thereby saving manpower, saving time caused by frequent operation and changing the current, and reducing danger.

[0018] 2. During the reciprocating movement of the moving rod, on the one hand, the on / off state of the drive column and the channel can be controlled. Cooling gas is not supplied during welding, and cooling gas is supplied after welding to cool down and prevent oxidation. On the other hand, the on / off state of the laser welding gun current conductive line one and conductive line two can be controlled to control the operation of the laser welding gun.

[0019] 3. During the rotation of the rotating part, the conductive block connected to the conductive wire can be switched. By introducing different currents through the conductive block, the power density of the laser welding gun can be controlled. The conductive block can also be used to position the rotating part. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mobile device Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the mobile device Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 6 Cross-section of a mobile device Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 7 Cross-section of a mobile device Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of workpieces when they are transported by a conveyor belt.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of workpiece welding.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0030] 1. Fixed frame; 2. Moving device; 21. Moving frame; 22. Laser welding gun; 23. Moving rod; 231. Drive column; 232. Arc-shaped groove one; 24. Fixed rod; 241. Channel; 25. Air outlet; 26. Rotating component; 261. Inner cavity; 262. Conductive block; 263. Spring one; 264. Conductive wire one; 265. Conductive wire two; 266. Conductive wire three; 3. Drive device; 4. Guide plate; 41. Groove; 42. Inclined surface; 5. Rack; 6. Positioning mechanism; 61. Positioning cap; 62. Arc-shaped groove two; 63. Spring two; 7. Conveyor belt; 71. Wedge block; 72. Push rod; 73. Spring three; 100. Workpiece one; 200. Workpiece two; 300. Workpiece three. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser welding robot, including a fixed frame 1, a moving device 2 mounted on the fixed frame 1, and a drive device 3 for driving the moving device 2 to reciprocate on the fixed frame 1. The moving device 2 includes a moving frame 21 slidably connected to the fixed frame 1, a laser welding gun 22 mounted on the front side of the moving frame 21, a moving rod 23 mounted inside the moving frame 21 and movable in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving device 2, and a fixed rod 24 mounted inside the moving rod 23 and fixedly connected to the moving frame 21. An exhaust head 25 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed rod 24 near the laser welding gun 22, and a rotating component 26 is rotatably connected to one end of the moving rod 23. The moving frame 21 and the fixed frame 1 can be slidably connected via a dovetail groove, and the laser welding gun 22 can be fixedly mounted on the moving frame 21 or the fixed rod 24. Figures 1-7 All are mounted on the fixed rod 24. The drive device 3 can use a screw and nut mechanism or a linear drive device such as a cylinder.

[0033] by Figure 8 and Figure 9 Taking the workpiece shown as an example, during the welding process:

[0034] When the moving device 2 moves to one side: the laser welding gun 22 welds the workpiece, and then the moving rod 23 moves so that the air outlet 25 can blow out cooling gas;

[0035] When the moving device 2 moves to the other side: air is blown to cool the weld through the air outlet 25, then the rotating part 26 rotates to switch the power density of the laser welding gun 22, and then the moving rod 23 moves back to cut off the cooling gas of the air outlet 25.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3As shown, guide plates 4 are provided at both ends of the fixed frame 1. One end of each guide plate 4 has a slot 41, and one side of the slot 41 has an inclined surface 42. The slot 41 and inclined surface 42 on one guide plate 4 are respectively positioned facing the inclined surface 42 and slot 41 on the other guide plate 4. A drive column 231 extending above the moving frame 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving rod 23. When the moving device 2 moves, the drive column 231 contacts the inclined surface 42, thereby driving the moving rod 23 to move. Figure 3 Taking the direction as an example, when the moving device 2 moves to the left, the drive column 231 will contact the inclined surface 42 on the left, thereby pushing the drive column 231 and the moving rod 23 to move upward. Then the moving device 2 moves to the right and contacts the inclined surface 42 on the right, thereby pushing the drive column 231 and the moving rod 23 to move downward, thus realizing the reciprocating movement of the moving rod 23.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 As shown, the drive column 231 has a hollow structure, and the fixed rod 24 has a channel 241 inside. The air outlet 25 is connected to the bottom end of the channel 241. When the moving rod 23 moves, the drive column 231 can be connected to or disconnected from the upper end of the channel 241. Figure 3 Taking the direction as an example, when the moving device 2 moves to the left, the drive column 231 and the channel 241 are disconnected, and the laser welding gun 22 performs welding; when the moving device 2 moves to the right, the drive column 231 and the channel 241 are connected, the air outlet 25 sprays cooling gas to cool the weld, and the laser welding gun 22 does not perform welding.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 As shown, the rotating component 26 is a cylindrical gear, and a rack 5 that meshes with the rotating component 26 is provided on one side of one of the guide plates 4. When the rotating component 26 moves from one end of the rack 5 to the other end, the rotating component 26 rotates 180° to switch the power density of the laser welding gun 22. Figure 3 Taking the direction as an example, when the moving device 2 moves to the left, the rotating part 26 is misaligned with the rack 5 and will not mesh with the rack 5 to rotate. When the moving rod 23 moves upward, the rotating part 26 also moves upward, and the rotating part 26 is directly opposite the rack 5. Therefore, when moving to the right, it will mesh with the rack 5. That is, in the process of one reciprocating movement, the rotating part 26 will only mesh with the rack 5 and rotate once, and each meshing occurs during the process of moving to the right.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figures 4-6As shown, the rotating component 26 has an inner cavity 261 on both sides. The inner cavity 261 is connected to a conductive block 262 by a spring 263. The outer side wall of the moving rod 23 has an arc-shaped groove 232 on both sides. The conductive block 262 can be pressed into the arc-shaped groove 232 by the spring 263. The moving rod 23 has a non-connected conductive wire 264 and a conductive wire 265 inside. The conductive wire 264 extends into one of the arc-shaped grooves 232 and can be electrically connected to the conductive block 262. The conductive wire 265 is electrically connected to the laser welding gun 22. A conductive wire 266 is provided at the position where the conductive wires 264 and 265 are not connected. When the moving rod 23 moves, the conductive wires 264 and 265 are disconnected or connected through the conductive wire 266. Figure 6 In the process, conductive wire 264 and conductive wire 265 are connected by conductive wire 266. Conductive wire 264 is electrically connected to the upper conductive block 262, which is connected to an external power source. At this time, welding operations may be performed. If the moving rod 23 moves to the left, conductive wire 264 and conductive wire 265 are disconnected, and the laser welding gun 22 does not work. If the rotating part 26 rotates 180°, the lower conductive block 262 rotates to the top and connects with conductive wire 264. The two conductive blocks 262 are input with different currents, thereby changing the power density of the laser welding gun 22.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a positioning mechanism 6, which includes a positioning cap 61 inserted into the side wall of the movable frame 21 and a spring 63 disposed at the end of the positioning cap 61. Two arc-shaped grooves 62 are provided on one side of the movable rod 23. After the movable rod 23 moves, the spring 63 can press the positioning cap 61 into the arc-shaped grooves 62. This serves to position the movable rod 23 and prevent it from moving spontaneously after movement.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a conveyor belt 7 for conveying workpieces is provided below the fixed frame 1. After welding and cooling a weld, the workpiece is conveyed forward once.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] The initial state is as follows Figures 1-7 As shown, conductive wire 264 and conductive wire 265 are connected through conductive wire 266, so that the laser welding gun 22 can perform welding operations. The channel 241 is disconnected from the drive column 231, that is, no cooling gas is blown out. Workpiece 100, workpiece 200 and workpiece 300 are placed on the conveyor belt 7 in sequence, and they come into contact with each other.

[0044] (1) First, the driving device 3 drives the moving device 2 to move to the left. Figure 3(in the direction of the laser welding gun 22) welds the joint between workpiece 100 and workpiece 200. When it moves to the left guide plate 4, the drive column 231 contacts the inclined surface 42, which can push the drive column 231, the moving rod 23 and the rotating part 26 to move upward. At this time, the channel 241 is connected to the drive column 231. The drive column 231 is connected to an external gas source (the gas can be low temperature nitrogen) through a hose, and the conductive wire 1 264 and conductive wire 265 are disconnected. The laser welding gun 22 no longer welds.

[0045] (2) Then the drive device 3 drives the moving device 2 to move to the right. Figure 3 (Direction) At this time, the exhaust head 25 blows out cooling gas to cool the weld and prevent oxidation; then the rotating part 26 contacts and meshes with the rack 5, causing the rotating part 26 to rotate 180°, as... Figure 6 As shown, the lower conductive block 262 rotates into the upper arc-shaped groove 232, and the upper conductive block 262 rotates into the lower arc-shaped groove 232, which means that the lower conductive block 262 is electrically connected to the conductive wire 264. When the moving device 2 moves to the guide plate 4 on the right, the drive column 231 contacts the inclined surface 42, which can push the drive column 231, the moving rod 23 and the rotating component 26 to move downward. At this time, the channel 241 is misaligned with the drive column 231, and the conductive wire 264 and the conductive wire 265 are connected, so the laser welding gun 22 can perform welding again.

[0046] Then, repeat the above processes (1) and (2) to weld the joint between workpiece 200 and workpiece 300. It should be noted that during the movement of the moving device 2 to the left, the rotating part 26 will not mesh with the rack 5. Furthermore, when welding the first weld and the second weld, the conductive wire 264 is sequentially electrically connected to the two conductive blocks 262. The two conductive blocks 262 are input with different currents, thereby changing the power density of the laser welding gun 22. The power density of welding workpiece 100 and workpiece 200 is less than that of welding workpiece 200 and workpiece 300. The two power densities are respectively 1×10 4 ~3×10 5 W / cm 2 and 5×10 4 ~8×10 5 W / cm 2 Within the range.

[0047] By setting up the moving device 2 and the guide plate 4, automated welding operations can be achieved, and the power density of the laser welding gun 22 and the on / off state of the cooling gas can also be controlled, thereby saving manpower, saving time caused by frequent operation to change the current, and reducing danger.

[0048] During the reciprocating movement of the moving rod 23, on the one hand, the on / off state of the drive column 231 and the channel 241 can be controlled. Cooling gas is not supplied during welding, and cooling gas is supplied after welding to cool down and prevent oxidation. On the other hand, the on / off state of the current conductive line 264 and the conductive line 265 of the laser welding gun 22 can be controlled to control the operation of the laser welding gun 22.

[0049] During the rotation of the rotating component 26, the conductive block 262, which is electrically connected to the conductive wire 264, can be switched. Different currents are introduced through the conductive block 262 to control the power density of the laser welding gun 22. The conductive block 262 can also be used to position the rotating component 26.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, multiple wedge blocks 71 are arranged circumferentially at the edge of the conveyor belt 7, and a push rod 72 is movably inserted into one end of the fixed frame 1. The push rod 72 is elastically connected to the fixed frame 1 through a spring 73. When the moving device 2 moves, it can push the push rod 72 to move, so that the push rod 72 pushes the inclined surface of the wedge block 71, and finally makes the conveyor belt 7 intermittently convey forward.

[0052] Working principle:

[0053] When the moving device 2 moves to the left and reaches the end, it will push the push rod 72 to move. The push rod 72 pushes the inclined surface of the wedge block 71, causing the conveyor belt 7 to move forward. That is, each reciprocating movement conveys the workpiece forward once. It should be noted that at this time, the workpiece size is a special workpiece size. The width ratio of workpiece 100, workpiece 200, and workpiece 300 is 1:2:1, ensuring that after each movement, the workpiece joint can be located directly below the laser welding gun 22. At this time, multiple sets of workpieces 100, 200, and 300 can be continuously placed on the conveyor belt 7 for continuous welding.

Claims

1. A laser welding robot, comprising a fixed frame (1), a moving device (2) disposed on the fixed frame (1), and a driving device (3) for driving the moving device (2) to reciprocate on the fixed frame (1), characterized in that: The moving device (2) includes a moving frame (21) slidably connected to the fixed frame (1), a laser welding gun (22) disposed on the front side of the moving frame (21), a moving rod (23) disposed inside the moving frame (21) and movable in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving device (2), a fixed rod (24) disposed inside the moving rod (23) and fixedly connected to the moving frame (21), an exhaust head (25) fixedly connected to the side of the fixed rod (24) near the laser welding gun (22), a rotating component (26) rotatably connected to one end of the moving rod (23), and guides provided at both ends of the fixed frame (1). Plate (4), one end of the guide plate (4) is provided with a slot (41), one side of the slot (41) has an inclined surface (42), the slot (41) and inclined surface (42) on one guide plate (4) are respectively arranged face to face with the inclined surface (42) and slot (41) on the other guide plate (4), the upper surface of the moving rod (23) is fixedly connected with a drive column (231) extending to the top of the moving frame (21), when the moving device (2) moves, the drive column (231) contacts the inclined surface (42) to drive the moving rod (23) to move, the rotating component (26) is a cylindrical gear, one of the guide plates ( 4) is provided with a rack (5) that can mesh with the rotating component (26) on one side. When the rotating component (26) moves from one end of the rack (5) to the other end, the rotating component (26) rotates 180° to switch the power density of the laser welding gun (22). The rotating component (26) has an inner cavity (261) on both sides. The inner cavity (261) is connected to a conductive block (262) by a spring (263). The outer side wall of the moving rod (23) has an arc-shaped groove (232) on both sides. The conductive block (262) can be pressed into the arc-shaped groove (232) by the spring (263). Inside the movable rod (23), there are two non-connected conductive wires, a first conductive wire (264) and a second conductive wire (265). The first conductive wire (264) extends into one of the arc-shaped grooves (232) and can be electrically connected to the conductive block (262). The second conductive wire (265) is electrically connected to the laser welding gun (22). A third conductive wire (266) is provided at the position where the first conductive wire (264) and the second conductive wire (265) are not connected. When the movable rod (23) moves, the first conductive wire (264) and the second conductive wire (265) are disconnected or connected through the third conductive wire (266), and the two conductive blocks (262) are input with different currents.

2. The laser welding robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive column (231) is a hollow structure. The fixed rod (24) has a channel (241) inside. The air outlet (25) is connected to the bottom end of the channel (241). When the moving rod (23) moves, the drive column (231) can be connected to or disconnected from the upper end of the channel (241).

3. The laser welding robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning mechanism (6), which includes a positioning cap (61) inserted into the side wall of the movable frame (21) and a spring (63) set at the end of the positioning cap (61). Two arc-shaped grooves (62) are opened on one side of the movable rod (23). After the movable rod (23) moves, the spring (63) can press the positioning cap (61) into the arc-shaped groove (62).

4. The laser welding robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveyor belt (7) for conveying workpieces is provided below the fixed frame (1).

5. A laser welding robot according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple wedge blocks (71) are arranged circumferentially at the edge of the conveyor belt (7). A push rod (72) is movably inserted into one end of the fixed frame (1). The push rod (72) is elastically connected to the fixed frame (1) through a spring (73). When the moving device (2) moves, it can push the push rod (72) to move so that the push rod (72) pushes the inclined surface of the wedge block (71), and finally makes the conveyor belt (7) intermittently convey forward.

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