An energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles, which includes an anti-climbing plate, a guide rod, a base, and a mounting plate. A cutting hole corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod is provided on the base. One end of the guide rod is fixed on the anti-climbing plate, and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole. Cutting rings with gradually increasing diameters along the axial direction are spacedly arranged on the guide rod. The guide rod is arranged as a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is filled with a buffer liquid and is inserted with a piston rod. This energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device has the advantages of low peak force at collision trigger and good energy-absorbing and buffering effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit collision energy absorption, and particularly to an energy absorption and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles. Background Art

[0002] As a mass transit vehicle, the passive safety of rail vehicles during collisions has always been the focus of people's attention. In recent years, with the booming development of rail transit technology, the operating speed of rail vehicles has been increasing continuously, posing a greater threat to the safety of people and goods. Therefore, under complex and high-speed collision conditions, it is urgent to further carry out research on the passive safety of railway vehicles.

[0003] In order to reduce the harm of rail vehicle collision accidents, an energy absorption structure is usually installed in the deformable area at the end of the vehicle to consume the impact kinetic energy during the collision of the rail vehicle. A good energy absorption structure needs to meet requirements such as high energy absorption efficiency, controllable deformation, light weight, and low peak load force. There are various types of traditional energy absorption structures, but they generally have problems such as large residual deformation, low effective deformation stroke ratio, and limited energy absorption capacity of the structure. In addition, it is difficult for traditional energy absorption structures to simultaneously take into account the characteristics of high buffering capacity (low initial stiffness) and high energy absorption (high structural stiffness).

[0004] Therefore, designing a collision energy absorption device with low trigger peak force, high energy absorption efficiency, and stable and controllable deformation is of great significance for the research on the passive safety of rail vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an energy absorption and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles with low trigger peak force and good buffering and energy absorption effects.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An energy absorption and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles includes an anti-climbing plate, a guide rod, a base, and a mounting plate. A cutting hole corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod is provided on the base. One end of the guide rod is fixed on the anti-climbing plate, and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole. Cutting rings with gradually increasing diameters along the axial direction are spacedly arranged on the guide rod. The guide rod is arranged as a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is filled with a buffer liquid and is inserted with a piston rod.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0009] A tearing tube that wraps the cutting ring is sleeved between the anti-climbing plate and the base, and the tearing tube is provided with a crack at the end.

[0010] The base is made of cemented carbide.

[0011] An energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles, comprising an anti-climbing plate, a guide rod, a base, and a mounting plate. A cutting hole corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod is provided on the base. One end of the guide rod is fixed on the anti-climbing plate, and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole. A plurality of cutting rings with a trapezoidal or conical longitudinal cross-sectional shape are arranged on the guide rod along the axial direction. The guide rod is arranged as a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is filled with a buffer liquid and is inserted with a piston rod.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0013] A tearing tube that wraps the cutting ring is sleeved between the anti-climbing plate and the base, and the tearing tube is provided with a crack at the end.

[0014] The base is made of cemented carbide.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention adopts a combined energy-absorbing method combining hydraulic buffering, cutting energy absorption, and tearing deformation energy absorption, reducing the peak collision force and having efficient and reliable energy absorption.

[0017] 2. The energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention is guided by a guide rod and cooperated with a piston rod for guiding, providing a certain longitudinal support force, improving the anti-eccentric load capacity of the energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device, and avoiding the instability of the energy-absorbing and anti-climbing structure under large impact forces.

[0018] 3. The energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention adopts cutting rings with a gradually increasing diameter in gradient to ensure stable and continuous energy absorption.

[0019] 4. The energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention adopts cutting rings with a trapezoidal or fusiform longitudinal cross-section. While cutting and absorbing energy, it relies on the plastic deformation energy consumption generated by the extrusion of the cutting ring itself, further improving the energy absorption capacity. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the external view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the base of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of impact force - displacement of cutting energy absorption by cutting rings with rectangular cross - section, trapezoidal cross - section, and spindle - shaped cross - section of the present invention.

[0027] Each label in the figure represents:

[0028] 1. Anti - climbing plate; 2. Guide rod; 3. Base; 31. Cutting hole; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Cutting ring; 6. Buffer liquid; 7. Piston rod; 8. Tearing tube; 81. Crack. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in detail with reference to the specification drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the first embodiment of the energy - absorbing anti - climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention includes an anti - climbing plate 1, a guide rod 2, a base 3, and a mounting plate 4. A cutting hole 31 corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod 2 is provided on the base 3. One end of the guide rod 2 is fixed on the anti - climbing plate 1, and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole 31. Cutting rings 5 with diameters increasing in gradient are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide rod 2. The guide rod 2 is arranged as a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is filled with buffer liquid 6 and is inserted with a piston rod 7. In this energy - absorbing anti - climbing device, the base 3 and the mounting plate 4 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the mounting plate 4 is fixedly installed on the airtight partition wall of the rail vehicle through bolts. The end of the piston rod 7 is fixed on the rail vehicle skeleton. When the rail vehicle collides, the anti - climbing plate 1 contacts first, and the anti - climbing teeth on the anti - climbing plate 1 bite each other to play an anti - climbing role. Under the action of the horizontal impact force, the piston rod 7 squeezes the buffer liquid 6, and absorbs energy through hydraulic buffering to reduce the peak impact force. In this structure, the piston rod 7 and the hollow tube are in clearance fit, and the buffer liquid 6 in the hollow tube overflows during the extrusion of the piston rod 7 to ensure the effective energy - absorbing stroke of this energy - absorbing anti - climbing device. While buffering hydraulically, the cutting rings 5 on the guide rod 2 are cut by the cutting hole 31 to dissipate the impact kinetic energy of the rail vehicle. During this cutting energy - absorption process, the guide rod 2 plays a guiding role, while guiding the continuous cutting deformation of the cutting ring 5, providing a certain lateral support force. During this process, the piston rod 7 extends into the inside of the guide rod 2 and also plays a guiding role, improving the anti - off - load capacity of this energy - absorbing anti - climbing device, so that the rail vehicle does not need to add an additional anti - off - load reinforcement mechanism. Further, the diameters of the cutting rings 5 are set to increase gradually, and their energy - absorbing capabilities gradually increase, ensuring smooth and continuous cutting energy absorption.

[0032] In this embodiment, a tearing tube 8 that wraps the cutting ring 5 is sleeved between the anti-climbing plate 1 and the base 3, and a crack 81 is provided at the end of the tearing tube 8. In this structure, through the tearing deformation of the tearing tube 8, the energy absorption capacity of the overall structure is further improved, and the crack 81 is provided to guide the tearing tube 8 to generate stable and reliable tearing deformation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the base 3 is made of cemented carbide.

[0034] In this embodiment, the longitudinal section shape of the cutting ring 5 is rectangular. Its structure is simple and easy to form. In this structure, the cutting ring 5 and the guide rod 2 can be integrally formed by processes such as wire cutting, laser cutting, and 3D printing.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] As Figure 5 shown, the second embodiment of the energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that:

[0037] In this embodiment, a plurality of cutting rings 5 with a trapezoidal longitudinal section shape are arranged on the guide rod 2 along the axial direction. Different from the cutting ring 5 with a rectangular cross-section, when the cutting ring 5 with a rectangular cross-section is cut, cracks burst open, while when the cutting ring 5 with a trapezoidal cross-section is cut and consumes energy, under the influence of the cutting force, extrusion plastic deformation energy absorption occurs between the front and rear cutting rings 5, further improving the energy absorption capacity of the overall structure.

[0038] Embodiment 3:

[0039] As Figure 6 shown, the third embodiment of the energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention is basically the same as Embodiment 2, and the only difference is that:

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of cutting rings 5 with a fusiform longitudinal section shape are arranged on the guide rod 2 along the axial direction. Different from the cutting ring 5 with a rectangular cross-section, when the cutting ring 5 with a rectangular cross-section is cut, cracks burst open, while when the cutting ring 5 with a fusiform cross-section is cut and consumes energy, under the influence of the cutting force, extrusion plastic deformation energy absorption occurs between the front and rear cutting rings 5, further improving the energy absorption capacity of the overall structure.

[0041] As Figure 7 shown, it can be seen that the cross-section shape of the cutting ring 5 has a significant influence on the energy absorption characteristics. Compared with the cutting ring 5 with a rectangular cross-section, the cutting rings 5 with a trapezoidal cross-section and a fusiform cross-section have stronger energy absorption capabilities.

[0042] Although the present invention has been disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles, characterized in that: It includes an anti-climbing plate (1), a guide rod (2), a base (3), and a mounting plate (4). A cutting hole (31) corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod (2) is provided on the base (3). One end of the guide rod (2) is fixed to the anti-climbing plate (1), and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole (31). Cutting rings (5) with diameters increasing in a gradient along the axial direction are arranged at intervals on the guide rod (2). The guide rod (2) is arranged as a hollow tube, and a buffer liquid (6) is filled in the hollow tube and a piston rod (7) is inserted therein.

2. The energy absorption and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tearing tube (8) that wraps the cutting ring (5) is sleeved between the anti-climbing plate (1) and the base (3), and a crack (81) is provided at the end of the tearing tube (8).

3. The energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (3) is made of cemented carbide.

4. An energy-absorbing and anti-climbing device for rail vehicles, characterized in that: It includes an anti-climbing plate (1), a guide rod (2), a base (3), and a mounting plate (4). A cutting hole (31) corresponding to the diameter of the guide rod (2) is provided on the base (3). One end of the guide rod (2) is fixed to the anti-climbing plate (1), and the other end is embedded in the cutting hole (31). A plurality of cutting rings (5) with trapezoidal or fusiform longitudinal cross-sectional shapes are arranged along the axial direction on the guide rod (2). The guide rod (2) is arranged as a hollow tube, and a buffer liquid (6) is filled in the hollow tube and a piston rod (7) is inserted therein.

5. The energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tearing tube (8) that wraps the cutting ring (5) is sleeved between the anti-climbing plate (1) and the base (3), and a crack (81) is provided at the end of the tearing tube (8).

6. The energy-absorbing anti-climbing device for rail vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (3) is made of cemented carbide.

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