Ice breaking device and ice breaking ship

Abstract

The application discloses an ice breaking device, which comprises a driving device, an ice breaking device and a cleaning device. The ice breaking device comprises a plurality of crushing wheels for crushing ice. The driving device drives the crushing wheels to rotate. The circumferential surface of each crushing wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of inclined grooves. The cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit corresponding to the plurality of crushing wheels. The cleaning unit comprises a cleaning block and a cleaning transmission assembly for driving the cleaning block to rotate. The rotating plane of the cleaning block is parallel to the rotating plane of the crushing wheel. When the cleaning block rotates, it first contacts the groove bottom of the inclined groove of the crushing wheel and then leaves, thereby taking away the ice blocks in the inclined groove of the crushing wheel. The inclined grooves provided on the crushing wheel generate stress deviated from the rotating direction of the crushing wheel when the crushing wheel rotates. The ice blocks can be subjected to stress in multiple directions, thereby improving the ice breaking effect. The ice blocks embedded in the inclined grooves are cleaned by the cleaning device, so that the ice blocks are prevented from being accumulated in the inclined grooves and causing skidding, thereby avoiding the waste of power and further improving the ice breaking effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to ice breaking equipment, in particular to an ice breaking device and an ice breaking ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ice breaking ship is a service ship for breaking ice layer on water surface, opening up a channel, and ensuring the ships to enter and exit the ice-locked port, anchorage, or guiding the ships to sail in the ice area, which is divided into river, lake, harbor or ocean ice breaking ship, the ship body is short and wide, the length-width ratio is small, the bottom is upwarping at the bow and stern, the bow column is tapered and forwardly inclined, the overall strength is high, the bow and stern and the waterline area are reinforced by thick steel plate and dense skeleton, and the ice is broken by the bow pressing and crushing or repeatedly breaking in the process of advancing when breaking ice.

[0003] The existing ice breaking ship breaks ice by extrusion stress when in use, the ice block is only subjected to stress in one direction, high stress is required, high power is required, the breaking effect is poor, and the broken ice block is easily attached to the breaking device when in use, which is easy to slip and affects the breaking effect. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an ice breaking device for improving the ice breaking efficiency.

[0005] The present application also provides an ice breaking ship.

[0006] Technical scheme: To solve the above problems, the present application adopts an ice breaking device, which comprises a driving device, an ice breaking device and a cleaning device, the ice breaking device comprises a plurality of crushing wheels for crushing ice, the driving device drives the crushing wheels to rotate, the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of inclined grooves, the cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit corresponding to the plurality of crushing wheels, the cleaning unit comprises a cleaning block and a cleaning transmission assembly for driving the cleaning block to rotate, the rotating plane of the cleaning block is parallel to the rotating plane of the crushing wheel, and the cleaning block first contacts the groove bottom of the inclined groove of the crushing wheel and then leaves when rotating, so as to carry away the ice block in the inclined groove of the crushing wheel.

[0007] Further, the cleaning transmission assembly comprises a fixed rod and a transmission rod sleeved outside the fixed rod, the transmission rod is circumferentially provided with a plurality of through holes, the cleaning block is connected with the second bevel gear through a connecting rod, the connecting rod passes through the through hole of the transmission rod, one end of the second bevel gear is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end abuts against the outer side of the fixed rod, the fixed rod is fixedly sleeved with a first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is engaged with the first bevel gear, the driving device drives the transmission rod to rotate relative to the fixed rod, so as to drive the cleaning block to rotate around the fixed rod while self-rotating.

[0008] Further, the connecting rod comprises a sliding seat fixedly connected with the second bevel gear, and a sliding rod fixedly connected with the cleaning block, the sliding seat is provided with a groove, one end of the sliding rod is located in the groove of the sliding seat and slides along the groove, a first spring is connected between the end of the sliding rod and the bottom of the groove of the sliding seat, and the sliding seat and the sliding rod are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction.

[0009] Further, the ice breaking device further comprises a crushing cone for crushing ice, the driving device drives the crushing cone to rotate around the center line of the crushing cone, and the outer wall surface of the crushing cone is provided with a thread-shaped thread groove.

[0010] Further, the driving device comprises a connecting rotating rod connected with the crushing cone, the crushing cone rotates around the extending direction of the connecting rotating rod, the connecting rotating rod is provided with a sliding hole, an extruding rod is slidably connected in the sliding hole, the extruding rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rotating rod in the circumferential direction, the other end of the extruding rod is fixedly connected with the center of the bottom surface of the crushing cone, a second spring is sleeved on the outer side of the extruding rod, and the two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected with the crushing cone and the opposite end of the connecting rotating rod, respectively.

[0011] Further, one end of the sliding hole is provided with a buffer groove, one end of the extruding rod is provided with an extruding disc, the extruding disc is located in the buffer groove, a plurality of sliding grooves are provided at the end of the buffer groove away from the extruding disc, the extending direction of the sliding grooves is perpendicular to the extending direction of the sliding hole, a sliding block is provided in the sliding groove, the sliding block is hingedly connected with the extruding disc through a second rotating rod, the sliding block is connected with the end of the sliding groove through a third spring, when the extruding disc moves along the buffer groove, the sliding block moves along the sliding groove through the second rotating rod, and the sliding block extrudes the third spring. A damping rod is further provided between the extruding disc and the end of the buffer groove, one end of the damping rod is fixedly connected with the extruding disc, and the other end of the damping rod is fixedly connected with the buffer groove.

[0012] Further, the driving device comprises a driving motor, a first rotating shaft connected with the output end of the driving motor, and a second rotating shaft, all the crushing wheels are fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft and rotate around the second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected through a first belt, the second rotating shaft and a transmission rod are connected through a second belt, the driving motor drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, the first rotating shaft drives the second rotating shaft to rotate through the first belt, so as to drive the crushing wheels to rotate and break ice, and the second rotating shaft drives the transmission rod to rotate through the second belt.

[0013] Further, the driving device further comprises a third rotating shaft, a plurality of worms fixedly arranged on the third rotating shaft, and a turbine meshed with the worms, the turbine is fixedly connected with the connecting rotating rod, the first belt is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft drives the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft to rotate through the first belt, the third rotating shaft drives the worms to rotate, the worms drive the turbine to rotate, the turbine drives the connecting rotating rod to rotate, so as to drive the crushing cone to rotate and break ice.

[0014] The application also adopts an icebreaker, which comprises the icebreaking device.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the application has the remarkable advantages that the chute arranged on the crushing wheel generates stress deviated from the rotating direction of the crushing wheel when the crushing wheel rotates, the ice blocks can be subjected to stress in multiple directions, the icebreaking effect is improved, the ice blocks embedded in the chute are cleaned by the cleaning device, the ice blocks are prevented from being accumulated in the chute to cause skidding and waste of power, and the icebreaking effect is further improved. The self-rotation of the cleaning block improves the cleaning capacity for the ice blocks left in the chute. The sliding rod is driven to slide in the sliding seat under the action of the first spring force, and then the cleaning block on the sliding rod can be more closely attached to the chute on the crushing wheel, and the cleaning effect is improved.

[0016] The crushing cone crushes the ice in front by rotating and reduces the contact area with the ice through the thread groove, and then the pressure on the ice blocks is improved, and the icebreaking effect is improved. Through the buffering of the second spring and the third spring, the stress on the crushing cone is prevented from being too large to damage the crushing cone and affect the service life. The elastic potential energy generated when the second spring and the third spring are contracted is absorbed by the damping rod, which prevents the crushing cone from continuously shaking under stress and affects the stability of the crushing cone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the mounting relationship between the crushing wheel and the crushing cone in the application.

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the connecting rod in the application.

[0020] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the connecting rotating rod in the application.

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of part B in

[0022] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the icebreaker in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Example 1

[0024] As Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, an ice-breaking device in this embodiment includes a housing 2 and a fixed housing 3. The fixed housing 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the housing 2. The fixed housing 3 is provided with a first ice-breaking part and a second ice-breaking part for ice breaking. The first ice-breaking part includes a crushing wheel 8, and the second ice-breaking part includes a crushing cone 10. The housing 2 is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the crushing wheel 8 and the crushing cone 10 to rotate. The top of the inner wall of the fixed housing 3 is provided with a cleaning device for cleaning the crushing wheel 8.

[0025] The outer circumference of the crushing wheel 8 is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged inclined grooves 11, which are inclined, and the crushing cone 10 is provided with a threaded groove 14 along the outer wall.

[0026] The drive mechanism includes a first rotating shaft 4, which is rotatably connected to one end of the housing 2 via a motor. A first belt 5 is fitted onto the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 4. First rotating holes are provided at both ends of the inner wall of the fixed housing 3. A third rotating shaft 6 and a second rotating shaft 7 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two first rotating holes, respectively. The other ends of the third rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the fixed housing 3. The third rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 are fitted onto the inner wall of the first belt 5. The motor drives the first rotating shaft 4 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4 drives the rotation of the third rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 via the first belt 5. Crushing wheels 8 are all fixedly fitted onto the second rotating shaft 7.

[0027] The third rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to multiple linearly arranged worm gears 12. Multiple linearly arranged turbines 13 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the fixed box 3. The turbines 13 mesh with the outer wall of the worm gears 12, and a connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected to the other end of each turbine 13. The crushing cone 10 is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod 9. The third rotating shaft 6 drives the worm gears 12 to rotate, which in turn drives the turbines 13 to rotate. The turbines 13 then drive the connecting rod 9 to rotate, thereby causing the crushing cone 10 to rotate and break the ice.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the cleaning device includes a transmission rod 15, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 3. A second belt 16 is provided on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 7 and the transmission rod 15. The second rotating shaft 7 drives the transmission rod 15 to rotate through the second belt 16. The transmission rod 15 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 17. One end of the fixed rod 17 is rotatably set on the inner wall of the transmission rod 15, and the other end of the fixed rod 17 passes through the transmission rod 15 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 3. A first bevel gear 18 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 17.

[0029] The outer wall of the transmission rod 15 is provided with a plurality of second rotation holes arranged in a circle, the inner wall of the second rotation hole is rotationally connected with a connecting mechanism, one end of the connecting mechanism is provided with a second bevel gear 19, the second bevel gear 19 is engaged with the outer wall of the first bevel gear 18, and the other end of the connecting mechanism is provided with a cleaning block 21, the cleaning block 21 is in contact with the crushing wheel 8, and the connecting mechanism can be a connecting rod 20.

[0030] When ice breaking is needed, the motor on the rotating shaft 4 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 4 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 4 drives the third rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 to rotate synchronously through the first belt 5, the second rotating shaft 7 drives the crushing wheel 8 to rotate for ice breaking, the third rotating shaft 6 drives the meshing worm 12 on the worm gear 13 to rotate through the worm 12, the worm gear 13 drives the crushing cone 10 to rotate through the connecting rod 9, the crushing cone 10 crushes the ice in front through rotation, and the contact area with the ice is reduced through the threaded groove 14, thereby increasing the pressure and improving the ice breaking effect. The crushing wheel 8 presses the ice, and the inclined groove 11 on the crushing wheel 8 generates stress opposite to the rotating direction of the crushing wheel 8 when the crushing wheel 8 rotates, so that the ice block can be subjected to stress in multiple directions, thereby further improving the ice breaking effect.

[0031] When the crushing wheel 8 needs to be cleaned, the second rotating shaft 7 is rotated to drive the transmission rod 15 to rotate synchronously through the second belt 16, the transmission rod 15 drives the connecting rod 20 and the cleaning block 21 to rotate, and the fixed rod 17 is a fixed structure, so that the connecting rod 20 and the fixed rod 17 can rotate relative to each other, and the first bevel gear 18 and the second bevel gear 19 are engaged to drive the connecting rod 20 and the cleaning block 21 to rotate synchronously, so that the cleaning block 21 can rotate around the transmission rod 15 while rotating itself, and the ice block remaining in the inclined groove 11 of the crushing wheel 8 can be cleaned, thereby avoiding the ice block from being accumulated in the inclined groove 11, causing skidding, wasting power, and affecting the ice breaking effect, thereby further improving the ice breaking effect.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3 The connecting mechanism can further include a sliding seat 22 and a sliding rod 23, the sliding rod 23 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the sliding seat 22, the cleaning block 21 is arranged at one end of the sliding rod 23 in the axial direction, the second bevel gear 19 is arranged at one end of the sliding seat 22 in the axial direction, and the first spring 24 is arranged on the top inner wall of the sliding seat 22, and the other end of the first spring 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod 23.

[0033] When it is necessary to clean, the sliding rod 23 can slide in the sliding seat 22 under the action of the first spring 24, and then the cleaning block 21 on the sliding rod 23 can be more fitted with the inclined groove 11 on the crushing wheel 8, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0034] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , one end of the connecting rotating rod 9 is provided with a sliding hole, the inner wall of the sliding hole is slidably connected with an extrusion rod 25, the other end of the extrusion rod 25 is fixedly connected to one end of the crushing cone 10, the outer wall of the extrusion rod 25 is sleeved with a second spring 26, the two ends of the second spring 26 are fixedly connected to the crushing cone 10 and the opposite end of the connecting rotating rod 9 respectively, and one end of the sliding hole is provided with a buffer groove 27, the other end of the extrusion rod 25 is provided with an extrusion disc 28, and the extrusion disc 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the buffer groove 27.

[0035] A plurality of sliding grooves arranged in a circle are formed in the inner wall of one side of the buffer groove 27, the inner wall of the sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block 30, one end of the sliding block 30 is provided with a third spring 31, the opposite end of the sliding block 30 and the extrusion disc 28 is provided with a rotating mechanism, the second rotating rod 29 is rotatably connected in the rotating mechanism, and the buffer groove 27 is provided with a damping rod 32 at one end, and the other end of the damping rod 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion disc 28.

[0036] When the crushing cone 10 is crushing, the stress on the crushing cone 10 can be transmitted to the second spring 26, the second spring 26 buffers the stress by contraction, and drives the extrusion rod 25 to slide in the sliding hole, the movement of the extrusion rod 25 drives the extrusion disc 28 to move synchronously, the extrusion disc 28 drives the second rotating rod 29 to rotate through the rotating mechanism thereon, the rotation of the second rotating rod 29 drives the sliding block 30 to slide in the sliding groove through the rotating mechanism at the other end, and then drives the third spring 31 thereon to contract, the third spring 31 further buffers the stress by contraction, thereby buffering the stress on the crushing cone 10 in multiple directions, avoiding damage of the crushing cone 10 due to excessive stress, and affecting the service life.

[0037] When the extrusion disc 28 moves, the damping rod 32 contracts synchronously, the contraction of the damping rod 32 can generate a certain resistance, the resistance can absorb the elastic potential energy generated when the second spring 26 and the third spring 31 contract, avoiding continuous shaking under stress and affecting the stability of the crushing cone 10.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] As shown in Figure 6As shown, the icebreaker in the embodiment includes an icebreaker body 1 and the icebreaking device in the embodiment 1, and the case 2 is fixedly connected to the front end of the bow part of the icebreaker body 1.

Claims

1. An ice-breaking device, characterized in that, The device includes a driving device, an ice-breaking device, and a cleaning device. The ice-breaking device includes several crushing wheels (8) for crushing ice. The driving device drives the crushing wheels (8) to rotate. Several inclined grooves (11) are evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheels (8). The cleaning device includes a cleaning unit corresponding to several crushing wheels (8). The cleaning unit includes a cleaning block (21) and a cleaning transmission assembly that drives the cleaning block to rotate. The rotation plane of the cleaning block (21) is parallel to the rotation plane of the crushing wheel (8). When the cleaning block (21) rotates, it first contacts the bottom of the inclined groove of the crushing wheel (8) and then leaves, thereby taking away the ice blocks in the inclined groove of the crushing wheel. The ice-breaking device also includes a crushing cone (10) for crushing ice. The driving device drives the crushing cone (10) to rotate around the center line of the crushing cone (10). The outer wall surface of the crushing cone (10) is provided with a threaded groove. The driving device includes a connecting rod (9) connected to the crushing cone (10). The crushing cone (10) rotates around the extension direction of the connecting rod (9). A sliding hole is provided in the connecting rod (9). A pressing rod (25) is slidably connected in the sliding hole. The pressing rod (25) is circumferentially fixed to the connecting rod (9). The other end of the pressing rod is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the crushing cone (10). A second spring (26) is sleeved on the outside of the pressing rod (25). The two ends of the second spring (26) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the crushing cone (10) and the connecting rod (9).

2. The ice-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning transmission assembly includes a fixed rod (17) and a transmission rod (15) sleeved on the fixed rod (17). The transmission rod (15) has several through holes in its circumference. The cleaning block (21) is connected to the second bevel gear (19) through a connecting rod (20). The connecting rod passes through the through holes of the transmission rod (15). One end of the second bevel gear (19) is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end abuts against the outside of the fixed rod (17). The fixed rod (17) is fixedly sleeved with a first bevel gear (18), and the second bevel gear (19) meshes with the first bevel gear (18). The driving device drives the transmission rod (15) to rotate relative to the fixed rod (17), thereby driving the cleaning block to rotate around the fixed rod while rotating on its own axis.

3. The ice-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (20) includes a sliding seat (22) fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (19) and a sliding rod (23) fixedly connected to the cleaning block (21). The sliding seat (22) is provided with a groove. One end of the sliding rod (23) is located in the groove of the sliding seat (22) and slides along the groove. A first spring (24) is connected between the end of the sliding rod (23) and the bottom of the groove of the sliding seat. The sliding seat (22) and the sliding rod (23) are circumferentially fixed.

4. The ice-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer groove (27) is provided at one end of the sliding hole, and an extrusion plate (28) is provided at one end of the extrusion rod. The extrusion plate (28) is located in the buffer groove (27). Several sliding grooves are provided at the end of the buffer groove (27) away from the extrusion plate. The extension direction of the sliding groove is perpendicular to the extension direction of the sliding hole. A sliding block (30) is provided in the sliding groove. The sliding block (30) is hinged to the extrusion plate (28) through a second rotating rod (29). The sliding block (30) is connected to the end of the sliding groove through a third spring (31). When the extrusion plate (28) moves along the buffer groove, the sliding block moves along the sliding groove through the second rotating rod (29). The sliding block moves and squeezes the third spring.

5. The ice-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A damping rod is also provided between the extrusion plate (28) and the end of the buffer groove. One end of the damping rod is fixedly connected to the extrusion plate (28), and the other end is fixedly connected to the buffer groove.

6. The ice-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a drive motor, a first rotating shaft (4) connected to the output end of the drive motor, and a second rotating shaft (7). All crushing wheels (8) are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (7) and rotate around the second rotating shaft (7). The first rotating shaft (4) and the second rotating shaft (7) are connected by a first belt (5). The second rotating shaft (7) and the transmission rod (15) are connected by a second belt (16). The drive motor drives the first rotating shaft (4) to rotate. The first rotating shaft (4) drives the second rotating shaft (7) to rotate through the first belt (5), thereby driving the crushing wheels (8) to rotate and break the ice. The second rotating shaft (7) drives the transmission rod (15) to rotate through the second belt (16).

7. The ice-breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive device also includes a third rotating shaft (6), several worms (12) fixedly mounted on the third rotating shaft (6), and a turbine (13) meshing with the worms. The turbine is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (9). The first belt (5) is sleeved on the outside of the first rotating shaft (4), the second rotating shaft (7), and the third rotating shaft (6). The rotation of the first rotating shaft (4) drives the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft to rotate through the first belt (5). The third rotating shaft (6) drives the worms (12) to rotate. The rotation of the worms (12) drives the turbine (13) to rotate. The turbine (13) drives the connecting rod (9) to rotate, thereby driving the crushing cone (10) to rotate and break the ice.

8. An icebreaker, characterized in that: Includes the ice-breaking device according to any one of claims 1-7.

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