A large parts processing positioning device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of large-scale part processing and positioning, and specifically to a large-scale part processing and positioning device, comprising a positioning slide rail, a positioning mechanism, a flipping mechanism and a side fixing mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism is fixedly mounted on one end of the X-axis of the fixture and is slidably mounted on both sides of the Y-axis of the fixture, the flipping mechanism is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail, and the flipping mechanism is perpendicular to the installation position of the positioning mechanism, the side fixing mechanism is slidably mounted on the other end of the X-axis of the fixture, and the side fixing mechanism is simultaneously slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail, and the side fixing mechanism is perpendicular to the installation position of the flipping mechanism. The present invention positions a rectangular workpiece through a positioning mechanism, making positioning simpler and faster, solving the problem of processing positioning efficiency, and simultaneously solving the problem of repositioning during double-sided processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of large-scale part processing and positioning, and in particular to a large-scale part processing and positioning device. Background Art

[0002] Existing technologies for positioning large parts in machining primarily include mechanical positioning and optical positioning. Mechanical positioning typically uses mechanical devices such as fixtures, fixture blocks, or reference blocks to achieve part positioning. This method is simple and reliable, suitable for larger parts. However, mechanical positioning struggles to achieve high-precision positioning for parts with complex shapes. Mechanical positioning requires additional devices and components, increasing cost and complexity. Part positioning may require adjustment and calibration, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Optical positioning utilizes optical devices such as cameras, laser scanners, or sensors to capture and identify part features for positioning. Optical positioning can achieve high-precision positioning, especially for parts with complex shapes. Optical devices can monitor and provide real-time feedback on part position information, improving positioning accuracy and efficiency. Optical positioning eliminates the need for complex mechanical devices, reducing cost and complexity. However, the higher price of optical devices increases equipment procurement and maintenance costs. Optical positioning has certain requirements for ambient light and surface quality, and may be affected by lighting conditions and stray light. Optical positioning technology requires high operator skills and requires appropriate training and operation.

[0003] Surface processing is performed on a rectangular workpiece with a regular shape and a thin-walled hollow shell inside. Based on the above, it is more reasonable to use mechanical processing. The existing processing positioning devices usually use manual centering and calibration using a ruler. According to the design requirements and processing technology of the part, the points or surfaces that need to be positioned are determined. These positioning points are usually the reference points of the part or the positions of specific features. Generally, mechanical fixtures, reference blocks or locating pins are selected. By adjusting the fixture, the fixture seat or rotating the locating pins, the part is correctly positioned in the required position. This requires repeated adjustment of the positioning points and multiple positioning, and the installation and disassembly process of the fixture is cumbersome and complicated, affecting work efficiency. During the processing, if the positioning is found to be inaccurate or needs to be adjusted, the positioning needs to be readjusted. Moreover, when both sides of the part need to be processed, the positioning device needs to be disassembled again, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also affects the positioning effect.

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a large-scale parts processing and positioning device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: when positioning is performed by locating pins, locating blocks and locating fixtures, large parts usually need to be repeatedly positioned and clamped to achieve positioning, and the installation process is cumbersome and complicated, affecting work efficiency; furthermore, for the surface processing of the workpiece, it is often necessary to process both the front and back sides of the workpiece. At this time, the clamping tools need to be clamped and positioned again, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and will also affect the processing and positioning effect.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a large-scale parts processing and positioning device, which includes a gantry processing machine tool and a fixture. The fixture is fixedly installed on the processing plane of the gantry processing machine tool, and also includes a positioning slide, a positioning mechanism, a flip mechanism and a side fixing mechanism. The positioning slide is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the fixture, and the specific installation method is clamping or bolt connection. Considering the load of the large workpiece, the positioning slide uses a trapezoidal slide to ensure more stable sliding. The positioning mechanism is fixedly installed at one end of the X-axis of the fixture, and the specific installation method is clamping or bolt connection. The positioning mechanism is used to perform preliminary positioning of the workpiece. The flip mechanism is a group of two, which slide respectively. Installed on both sides of the Y-axis of the fixture, the flipping mechanism is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail, and the installation position of the flipping mechanism and the positioning mechanism is 90°. The flipping mechanism uses the six-point positioning principle and the automatic centering movement of the fixture to position and fix the rectangular workpiece in the Z-axis direction. The flipping mechanism is used to center the workpiece in the Y-axis direction and flip the workpiece for reprocessing. The side fixing mechanism is slidably installed on the other end of the X-axis of the fixture, and the installation position of the side fixing mechanism and the flipping mechanism is 90°. The side fixing mechanism is also slidably installed on the positioning slide rail, and the side fixing mechanism is used to assist in auxiliary positioning and fixation in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0008] The positioning mechanism includes a positioning shell, a vertical slide, a locking slide, a locking screw, a locking nut, an auxiliary support plate, a sliding support plate, a horizontal slide, a locking pressure plate, a mounting boss, a locking bolt, an adjusting rod and a positioning wheel. The positioning shell is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail, and the vertical slide is opened on the side of the positioning shell, and its width is 40mm-60mm. The locking slide is opened on the other side of the positioning shell, and is 90° to the mounting plane of the vertical slide. The locking screw is slidably installed in the locking slide, and the locking nuts are two in a group, with a total of two groups installed. The locking nuts are rotatably installed at both ends of the locking screw, and one end of the auxiliary support plate is slidably installed in the vertical slide and is rotatably connected to the locking screw. The auxiliary support plate is used to assist in fixing the sliding support plate. The support angle of the auxiliary support plate to the vertical direction is 30°-60°. The sliding support plate is rotatably installed at the other end of the auxiliary support plate and is horizontally slidably installed on the positioning shell. The workpiece is supported in the Y-axis direction, and the horizontal slide is opened on the sliding support plate. The sliding stroke of the horizontal slide is 150mm-230mm. The horizontal slide is a slide rail for the sliding support plate. The locking pressure plate is concave and convex and is installed above the horizontal slide. The locking pressure plate is used to lock the sliding of the sliding support plate to ensure the stability of the positioning device. The mounting boss is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning shell, and the specific mounting method is screw connection or pin connection. The locking bolt is fixedly installed on the upper end of the mounting boss, and its bottom end is rotatably connected to the locking pressure plate. The locking bolt is used to tighten the locking pressure plate, thereby locking the sliding support plate. The adjusting rod is fixedly installed on the positioning housing. The specific mounting method is bolt connection or clamping. The adjusting rod changes its length by adjusting the bolt thereon to adapt to different workpieces. The positioning wheel is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod. The specific mounting method is bolt connection or screw connection. The positioning wheel is used to align and position the workpiece.

[0009] According to the above, the positioning mechanism supports the workpiece through the sliding support plate thereon, so that the workpiece is fixed in the negative direction of the Z-axis, and the positioning shell supports and carries the components inside it. A slide groove is opened on it for the sliding and adjustment of the components, and the vertical slide groove is used for the sliding of the auxiliary support plate. Since the auxiliary support plate bears the load of the workpiece, the width of the vertical slide groove must be able to accommodate the connection of the auxiliary support plate with sufficient rigidity. When the width of the vertical slide groove is less than 40mm, this will cause the connection of the auxiliary support plate to be weak, causing the auxiliary support plate to be damaged or unstable. When the width of the vertical slide groove is greater than 60mm, the excessive width makes the gap in the connection larger, which will increase the load capacity while also causing looseness problems.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary support plate fixes and locks the sliding support, making the sliding support plate tighter and more stable. The support angle of the auxiliary support plate in the vertical direction determines its stabilizing effect on the sliding support plate. When the support angle of the auxiliary support plate in the vertical direction is less than 30°, its support angle for the sliding support is close to the vertical direction, which causes the pressure of the load to act more in the vertical direction, which will make the locking effect of the auxiliary support plate worse, causing the auxiliary support plate to slide under the pressure of the load; when the support angle of the auxiliary support plate in the vertical direction is greater than 60°, its stabilizing effect on the sliding support plate is worse, and the load on the sliding support plate will cause greater pressure on the auxiliary support plate, thereby causing the auxiliary support plate to deform or be damaged.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary support plate slides on the horizontal slide to fix the workpiece, and its sliding stroke is determined by the horizontal slide. Therefore, when the sliding stroke of the horizontal slide is less than 150mm, the sliding of the auxiliary support plate is too small and cannot adapt to some workpieces, which limits its applicable workpieces. The auxiliary support plate cannot slide to a suitable fixed position, resulting in an unsatisfactory workpiece fixing effect; when the sliding stroke of the horizontal slide is greater than 230mm, the excessive sliding stroke will cause the sliding support plate to extend too long, which will lead to a lack of support at its end, causing the sliding support plate to deform or damage the positioning mechanism.

[0012] The positioning wheel includes a limit shell, a right-angle frame and a roller. The limit shell is fixedly installed on the adjusting rod, and the specific installation method is bolt connection or screw connection. The limit shell is an open circle with an opening angle of 120°-150°. The right-angle frame is rotatably installed in the limit shell, and the specific installation method is pin connection or bearing connection. The elongation of both ends of the right-angle frame is 100mm-200mm. The roller is rotatably installed at the end of the right-angle frame, and the specific installation method is pin connection or bearing connection. The roller diameter is 80mm-100mm, and the outer edge of the roller is made of rubber. The rubber material makes the roller and the workpiece in flexible contact, reducing damage to the workpiece.

[0013] Based on this, the positioning wheel is used to perform preliminary positioning of the workpiece, the movable right-angle frame is used to adjust the posture of the workpiece, and the limit shell ensures the positioning function of the right-angle frame. When the opening angle of the limit shell is less than 120°, the movable range of the right-angle frame is too small, which will lead to incorrect positioning posture when positioning the workpiece, causing the positioning wheel to collide and squeeze with the workpiece, damaging the workpiece and the positioning device; when the opening angle of the limit shell is greater than 150°, the excessive range of motion makes the positioning wheel inaccurate, and will cause its connection to wear faster, affecting its service life. At the same time, the extension of both ends of the right-angle frame and the diameter of the roller determine the positioning effect of different workpieces. Considering the need to accommodate as many workpieces as possible while ensuring a more reasonable length, the extension of both ends of the right-angle frame is 100mm-200mm, and the diameter of the roller is 80mm-100mm; when the extension of the right-angle frame is less than 100mm, it cannot effectively position workpieces with uneven contact surfaces. Too short an extension makes the fixation of the workpiece insufficient, resulting in poor positioning effect; when the extension of the right-angle frame is greater than 200mm, the excessive extension makes the positioning effect of the workpiece less precise. Although the overall workpiece is better fixed, due to the excessive extension, the workpiece surface is not fully in contact with it, so slight movement of the workpiece will lead to a decrease in positioning accuracy. The roller diameter will affect the positioning efficiency of the workpiece and will also affect the service life of the roller. When the roller diameter is less than 80mm, the roller service life is too short and the loss increases; when the roller diameter is greater than 100mm, its positioning efficiency is low, resulting in inaccurate positioning accuracy.

[0014] The flipping mechanism includes a rotating support, a rotating motor, a transmission worm, a transmission worm wheel, a clamping disc and a clamping claw. The rotating support is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail, and the rotating motor is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating support. The specific installation method is bolt connection or screw connection. The rotating motor is used to provide power. The transmission worm and the power shaft of the rotating motor are fixedly connected through chain drive. The number of heads of the transmission worm is 1-2, and the shaft diameter of the transmission worm is 50mm-80mm. The transmission worm wheel is rotatably installed inside the rotating support and engages with the transmission worm to realize the transmission of flipping power and can also achieve self-locking. The clamping disc is fixedly connected to the transmission worm wheel coaxially. The clamping claw is slidably installed on the clamping disc. The sliding stroke of the clamping claw is 100mm-150mm. The clamping claw is used to clamp the workpiece to be processed.

[0015] Based on the above, the flipping mechanism realizes the flipping movement of the clamping disc through the worm gear transmission mechanism. The transmission worm and the transmission motor are connected through a chain drive, making the power input and output more stable and controllable, and making the flipping rate and angle more reasonable.

[0016] Furthermore, considering that the flipping mechanism needs to be fixed before and after flipping to ensure that the flipping mechanism will not rotate during processing, the number of heads of the transmission worm selected here is 1-2. The number of heads of the worm refers to the ratio of the number of teeth of the worm and the worm wheel. The number of heads of the transmission worm is at least 1. When the number of heads of the transmission worm is greater than 2, its self-locking ability will be enhanced accordingly, but its processing difficulty will also increase. As the number of heads increases, the risk of damage will also increase.

[0017] Secondly, since the torque that drives the flip mechanism to rotate will act on the transmission worm, especially the teeth on the transmission worm, choosing a transmission worm shaft with a relatively appropriate diameter is the key to improving the reliability of the mechanism's movement. When the diameter of the transmission worm shaft is less than 50mm, the shaft will have poor rigidity and be easily damaged, and the transmission worm will have too few working contact teeth, affecting the transmission effect. When the diameter of the transmission worm shaft is greater than 80mm, the excessively large shaft will cause the diameter of the corresponding transmission turbine to become larger, making the entire mechanism too large and not conducive to assembly and subsequent maintenance.

[0018] At the same time, the clamping jaws are components that directly act on the surface of the workpiece, and their movement stroke directly determines the size and shape of the workpiece that can be clamped. Therefore, choosing a suitable movement stroke can not only improve the working efficiency and adaptability of the clamping jaws to the workpiece, but also make assembly and replacement more convenient. When the sliding stroke of the clamping jaws is less than 100mm, its movement stroke is too small, and its applicability to the workpiece is not high, and the corresponding jaws need to be replaced frequently; when the sliding stroke of the clamping jaws is greater than 150mm, its movement stroke is too large, resulting in unsatisfactory clamping effect, and the gap between installations will cause the sliding process to be unstable and the clamping force to be insufficient.

[0019] The clamping disc includes a clamping motor, a fixed sleeve, a forward screw rod, a reverse screw rod, a guide rod, a sliding clamp and a clamping block. The clamping motor is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping disc to provide clamping force and control the clamping action. The fixed sleeve is fixedly installed at the center of the clamping disc. The specific installation method is screw connection or bolt connection, which is used to fix the forward screw rod and the reverse screw rod to ensure their coaxial installation. One end of the forward screw rod and one end of the reverse screw rod are coaxially fixedly connected through the fixed sleeve. The forward screw rod has a clockwise thread direction, and the reverse screw rod has a counterclockwise thread direction. The other end of the forward screw rod is connected to the clamping motor through a coupling Fixed connection, the other end of the reverse screw is rotatably connected to the bottom of the clamping disk through a bearing and is equipped with a keyway. The guide rods are in groups of two and are installed on both sides of the forward screw. The guide rods are parallel to the forward screw and their center lines are in the same plane. The sliding splints are slidably installed on the guide rods through the openings thereon, and the sliding splints are in groups of two and are rotatably installed on the forward and reverse screws through the threaded holes inside them. The clamping blocks are fixedly installed on the sliding splints. The specific installation method is screw connection or bolt connection. The number is 2-4, and the gap between the clamping blocks is 60mm-100mm.

[0020] According to the above, the clamping disc is a rotating power clamping disc, which can realize the clamping function of the workpiece while also flipping the workpiece. The cooperation of the forward screw and the reverse screw makes the sliding clamping plate thereon slide relative to each other, thereby realizing the clamping movement of the workpiece. The fixed sleeve fixedly connects the two reverse screws, and the coaxial installation ensures that it will not clamp at the wrong angle. At the same time, considering that the clamping force provided by the movement of the screw rod needs to be able to lock the sliding clamping plate in real time, the screw rod here is a self-locking screw rod. When the clamping motor moves, the rotational force perpendicular to the axial direction is converted into axial movement through the screw rod, and the axial movement cannot affect the screw rod.

[0021] Based on this, the relative movement of the sliding clamping plate realizes the clamping of the workpiece, and the clamping blocks on the sliding clamping plate act completely on the workpiece. The number and distribution of the clamping blocks directly determine the distribution of the clamping force. When the number of clamping blocks is less than 2, a single clamping block cannot provide sufficient clamping force, and the clamping force is unevenly distributed, resulting in poor fixing effect on the workpiece; when the number of clamping blocks is greater than 4, the distribution of the clamping blocks is too large, resulting in each clamping block being more fragile and easy to damage, and the adaptability to the processed workpiece is also reduced, the clamping force is too dispersed, and the difficulty of installation is also increased.

[0022] Furthermore, the gap between each clamping block also affects the distribution of clamping force and clamping effect as mentioned above. When the gap between the clamping blocks is less than 60mm, the contact area with the workpiece increases, and the clamping force on a single clamping block is unevenly distributed. It covers a large area of ​​the workpiece surface, causing damage to the workpiece and covering the processing area, affecting the processing effect. When the gap between the clamping blocks is greater than 100mm, the gap is too large, the overall clamping force is too dispersed, and the clamping force acting on a single clamping block is too concentrated, which will cause damage to the clamping block.

[0023] The side fixing mechanism includes a sliding base, a support table, a positioning table, a fixed backing plate, a clamping mechanism and a clamping block. The sliding base is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail, and the support table is slidably installed on the sliding base. The support table is used to support and fix the workpiece before positioning. The positioning table is vertically slidably installed on the side of the support table. The thickness of the positioning table is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the support table. The positioning table is used to adjust and position the workpiece in the Z-axis direction. The fixed backing plate is fixedly installed on the sliding base, and the positioning table is slidably installed thereon. The fixed backing plate is used to support and limit the entire mechanism. The clamping mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed backing plate. The height difference between the fixed backing plate and the support table is 200mm-400mm. The clamping block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft. The clamping block is an adjustable clamping screw. The telescopic stroke of the clamping block is 90mm-150mm. The function of the clamping block is to limit the movement in the Z-axis direction and fix the workpiece in the Z-axis direction.

[0024] Based on the above, the side fixing mechanism provides auxiliary positioning for the workpiece and repositions and fixes the workpiece in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. The thickness of the positioning table is the contact area supporting the workpiece. When the thickness of the positioning table is less than 1 / 2 of the thickness of the support table, the strength of the positioning table is reduced, and the bearing effect on the workpiece is insufficient, resulting in concentrated force on the workpiece and deformation or damage; when the thickness of the positioning table is greater than 2 / 3 of the thickness of the support table, this will cause the distance between the support table and the fixed plate to be too large, and the load on the positioning table will also increase, making the side fixing mechanism easy to be damaged.

[0025] Furthermore, a clamping mechanism is installed on the fixed support plate. When the clamping mechanism presses the workpiece, the stroke that the positioning table needs to move depends on the height difference between the fixed support plate and the support plate. When the height difference between the two is less than 200mm, the adjustable range of the positioning table is too small to effectively position and fix the workpiece. When the height difference is greater than 400mm, this will result in the positioning table requiring a larger movement stroke. At the same time, its stability will also deteriorate, affecting the positioning effect.

[0026] Correspondingly, the clamping block is a fixed component that is in direct contact with the workpiece, and its telescopic stroke also determines the positioning effect of the positioning table. When the telescopic stroke of the clamping block is less than 90mm, the movement stroke of the positioning table is too small, and it is easy to contact the workpiece too closely. Excessive clamping force can easily damage the workpiece and the mechanism; when the telescopic stroke of the clamping block is greater than 150mm, the positioning table needs to move a larger stroke to achieve the fixing effect of tightening the workpiece, which increases the load on the positioning table and affects the positioning effect.

[0027] The clamping mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder, a movable rack, a bevel gear, a connecting shaft, a guide groove and a guide screw. The telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on a fixed plate. The telescopic cylinder is used to provide power. One end of the movable rack is fixedly connected to the telescopic cylinder, and the other end is slidably mounted in the clamping mechanism. The length of the tooth area of ​​the movable rack is 90mm-150mm. The bevel gear is engaged with the movable rack. The bevel tooth angle of the bevel gear is 30°-45°. The connecting shaft is connected to the helical gear through a keyway. The bottom end of the connecting shaft is slidably mounted in the through hole at the bottom of the clamping mechanism. The connecting shaft moves in the axial direction through the transmission of the helical gear, so that the clamping mechanism clamps the workpiece. The guide groove is opened in the middle of the connecting shaft, and the guide screw is rotatably mounted on the clamping mechanism through a threaded hole. The end of the guide screw is hemispherical, and its hemispherical diameter transitions with the guide groove to ensure smooth and stable movement between the two.

[0028] To sum up, the length of the tooth area of ​​the movable rack ensures that it can fully contact with the helical gear, so that the helical gear can obtain stable and reliable movement. When the length of the tooth area of ​​the movable rack is less than 90mm, its range of movement cannot match the helical gear, so that the movement of the helical gear cannot meet the work of the mechanism; when the length of the tooth area of ​​the movable rack is greater than 150mm, its length is greater than the actual effective working length, so it will cause excessive invalid length and make the rigidity of the movable rack worse.

[0029] Furthermore, the helical teeth on the helical gear are key to converting horizontal motion into vertical motion. When the helical gear's helical angle is less than 30°, the movable rack cannot properly mesh with the helical gear. When the helical gear's helical angle is greater than 45°, the horizontal force of the movable rack acting on the vertical force on the helical gear is insufficient to propel the connecting shaft, rendering the vertical clamping function impossible. Furthermore, the movement of the connecting shaft is guided by a guide groove and a guide screw. The end of the guide screw is hemispherical to reduce friction and ensure smoother guidance.

[0030] The guide groove is L-shaped and consists of a vertical straight groove and a horizontal arc groove. The connection between the two is an arc transition groove. The length of the straight groove is 80mm-150mm, the width of the guide groove is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the diameter of the connecting shaft, and the depth of the guide groove is 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the diameter of the connecting shaft.

[0031] It is worth mentioning that:

[0032] First, the shape of the guide groove determines the movement of the connecting shaft. The L-shaped guide groove allows the connecting shaft to rotate 1 / 4 turn before moving in the axial direction, making the clamping of the workpiece more flexible and reliable. The arc-shaped transition area at the connection of the guide groove is to ensure smoother movement and reduce mechanism wear; the straight groove in the axial direction determines the movement stroke of the connecting shaft, that is, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism. When the length of the straight groove is less than 80mm, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism will be insufficient and cannot adapt to some thicker workpieces; when the length of the straight groove is greater than 150mm, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism will be too long, resulting in insufficient clamping force and affecting the clamping effect.

[0033] Secondly, the depth and width of the guide groove are key factors in determining its service life and the effectiveness of its cooperation with the guide screw. When the width of the guide groove is less than 1 / 4 of the diameter of the connecting shaft, the diameter of the hemispherical end of the guide screw will also be reduced, reducing the contact area between the two, thereby reducing the transmission effect of the connecting shaft. When the width of the guide groove is greater than 1 / 3 of the diameter of the connecting shaft, the excessive width makes the guide groove and the guide screw fit loosely, which is prone to vibration and wear. At the same time, the depth of the guide groove should also be within a corresponding range. When the depth of the guide groove is less than 2 / 5 of the diameter of the connecting shaft, the contact area between the guide groove and the guide screw is reduced, the guiding effect is reduced, and the two are prone to misalignment due to wear. When the depth of the guide groove is greater than 3 / 5 of the diameter of the connecting shaft, the excessive depth reduces the solid part of the connecting shaft, reduces the rigidity of the connecting shaft, and is prone to deformation and damage.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. The present invention sets a positioning mechanism, which fixes the rectangular workpiece on the X-axis and positions it on the Y-axis according to the six-point positioning principle. The 90° design of the right-angle bracket on the two movable positioning wheels fits the right-angle side of the workpiece. At the same time, the sliding support plate slides out horizontally to fix and support the workpiece in the Y-axis direction, thereby realizing the positioning of the workpiece, making positioning simpler and faster, improving the efficiency of workpiece positioning, and solving the problem of processing positioning efficiency.

[0036] 2. The present invention sets a flipping mechanism, which positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the Z-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle and the automatic centering movement of the fixture, and fixes and positions the workpiece in the Z-axis direction by the relative movement of the forward and reverse screws. At the same time, a worm gear mechanism is used to flip the workpiece, thereby realizing rapid clamping and processing of the front and back sides of the workpiece, solving the problem of repositioning during multiple processing.

[0037] 3. The present invention provides a positioning slide rail on the processing platform so that the mechanism on the positioning processing platform can slide within a certain range. By moving and adjusting in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the adaptive clamping and positioning function of the workpiece is realized, which solves the problem of needing to replace the clamping and positioning tooling when changing the processing workpiece.

[0038] 4. The present invention has a horizontally adjustable design for the processing platform, which makes it possible to effectively support the workpiece to be positioned in the Y-axis direction. At the same time, by fine-tuning the adjustment plate in the Y-axis direction, precise positioning in this direction can be achieved, so that the fixture can effectively fix the workpiece, reducing deformation or damage to the workpiece due to processing pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] The above and other aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main body of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main body of the positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the positioning wheel of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main body of the flip mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is an internal assembly diagram of the turnover mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is an internal assembly diagram of the clamping disc of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main body of the side fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the main body of the pressing mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 It is an internal assembly diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 It is a partial enlarged view of the guide groove of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Gantry processing machine tool; 2. Fixture; 3. Positioning slide; 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Positioning housing; 42. Vertical slide; 43. Locking slide; 44. Locking screw; 45. Locking nut; 46. Auxiliary support plate; 47. Sliding support plate; 48. Horizontal slide; 49. Locking pressure plate; 491. Mounting boss; 492. Locking bolt; 493. Adjusting rod; 494. Positioning wheel; 495. Limiting housing; 496. Right-angle bracket; 497. Roller; 5. Turning mechanism; 51. Rotating support; 52. Rotating motor; 53. Transmission worm; 54, transmission worm wheel; 55, clamping disc; 551, clamping motor; 552, fixing sleeve; 553, forward screw; 554, reverse screw; 555, guide rod; 556, sliding splint; 557, clamping block; 56, clamping jaw; 6, side fixing mechanism; 61, sliding base; 62, support table; 63, positioning table; 64, fixed support plate; 65, clamping mechanism; 651, telescopic cylinder; 652, movable rack; 653, bevel gear; 654, connecting shaft; 655, guide groove; 656, guide screw; 657, clamping block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a large-scale parts processing and positioning device, including a gantry processing machine 1 and a fixture 2, the fixture 2 is fixedly installed on the processing plane of the gantry processing machine 1, and also includes a positioning slide 3, a positioning mechanism 4, a flipping mechanism 5 and a side fixing mechanism 6, the positioning mechanism 4 is fixedly installed at one end of the X-axis of the fixture 2, and the specific installation method is bolt connection, the positioning mechanism 4 fixes the rectangular workpiece on the X-axis and positions it in the Y-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle, the positioning mechanism 4 is used for preliminary positioning of the workpiece, the flipping mechanism 5 is grouped in two, and is slidably installed on both sides of the Y-axis of the fixture 2, the flipping mechanism 5 is slidably installed on the positioning slide 3, and the flipping mechanism 5 and the positioning mechanism 4 is installed at a 90° angle, and the flipping mechanism 5 positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the Z-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle and the automatic centering movement of the fixture. The flipping mechanism 5 is used to center the workpiece in the Y-axis direction and flip the workpiece for reprocessing. The side fixing mechanism 6 is slidably installed on the other end of the X-axis of the fixture 2. The side fixing mechanism 6 and the installation position of the flipping mechanism 5 are 90°, and the side fixing mechanism 6 is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail 3 at the same time. The side fixing mechanism 6 positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle and the vertical clamping force. The side fixing mechanism 6 is used to assist in positioning and fixing in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0055] The positioning slide 3 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the tooling fixture 2, and the specific installation method is bolt connection. Considering the load of large workpieces, the positioning slide 3 uses a trapezoidal slide groove to ensure more stable sliding. The installation position of the flipping mechanism 5 is 90° to the positioning mechanism 4, and the installation position of the side fixing mechanism 6 is 90° to the flipping mechanism 5. They are installed perpendicular to each other, so as to process rectangular processing parts. The present invention is provided with two flipping mechanisms 5 to realize the flipping of the workpiece. At the same time, the positioning device fixes the rectangular workpiece on the X-axis and positions it in the Y-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle. The flipping mechanism 5 positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the Z-axis direction through the six-point positioning principle and the automatic centering movement of the fixture. The side fixing mechanism 6 positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the X-axis direction, as well as the Y-axis direction, through the six-point positioning principle and vertical pressing force.

[0056] During operation, the positioning mechanism 4, the flipping mechanism 5 and the side fixing mechanism 6 slide along the positioning slide rail 3. After waiting for the workpiece to enter the processing area, the positioning mechanism 4 and the side fixing mechanism 6 move to support the workpiece. The positioning mechanism 4 aligns the workpiece, and the side fixing mechanism 6 limits its X-axis direction. At this time, the flipping mechanism 5 moves to the workpiece position, centers the workpiece in the Y-axis direction and clamps it. The flipping mechanism 5 uses a worm gear transmission to make the workpiece flip along the clamping center axis to achieve processing on both sides of the workpiece.

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning shell 41, a vertical slide 42, a locking slide 43, a locking screw 44, a locking nut 45, an auxiliary support plate 46, a sliding support plate 47, a horizontal slide 48, a locking pressure plate 49, a mounting boss 491, a locking bolt 492, an adjusting rod 493 and a positioning wheel 494. The positioning shell 41 is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail 3. The vertical slide 42 is opened on the side of the positioning shell 41 and has a width of 50 mm. The locking slide 43 is opened on the other side of the positioning shell 41 and is 90 degrees to the mounting plane of the vertical slide 42. °, the locking screw 44 is slidably installed in the locking slide 43, and the locking nuts 45 are arranged in groups of two, with two groups installed in total. The locking nuts 45 are rotatably installed at both ends of the locking screw 44, and one end of the auxiliary support plate 46 is slidably installed in the vertical slide 42 and is rotatably connected to the locking screw 44. The auxiliary support plate 46 is used to assist in fixing the sliding support plate 47. The support angle of the auxiliary support plate 46 to the vertical direction is 45°. The sliding support plate 47 is rotatably installed at the other end of the auxiliary support plate 46 and is horizontally slidably installed on the positioning outer The housing 41 is provided with a sliding support plate 47 for supporting the workpiece in the Y-axis direction. The horizontal slide groove 48 is provided on the sliding support plate 47. The sliding stroke of the horizontal slide groove 48 is 200 mm. The horizontal slide groove 48 is a slide rail for sliding the sliding support plate 47. The locking pressure plate 49 is concave and convex and is installed above the horizontal slide groove 48. The locking pressure plate 49 is used to lock the sliding of the sliding support plate 47 to ensure the stability of the positioning device. The mounting boss 491 is fixedly mounted on the top of the positioning housing 41. The specific mounting method is screw connection. The locking bolt 492 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting boss 491, and the bottom end thereof is rotatably connected to the locking pressure plate 49. The locking bolt 492 is used to tighten the locking pressure plate 49, thereby locking the sliding support plate 47. The adjusting rod 493 is fixedly mounted on the positioning housing, and the specific installation method is clamping. The adjusting rod 493 changes its length by adjusting the bolt thereon, thereby adapting to different workpieces. The positioning wheel 494 is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 493, and the specific installation method is screw connection. The positioning wheel 494 is used to align and position the workpiece.

[0058] The positioning mechanism 4 supports the workpiece through the sliding support plate 47 thereon, so that the workpiece is fixed in the negative direction of the Z axis. The positioning shell 41 supports and carries the components inside it, and a slide groove is provided thereon for the sliding and adjustment of the components. The vertical slide groove 42 is used for the sliding of the auxiliary support plate 46. Since the auxiliary support plate 46 bears the load of the workpiece, the width of the vertical slide groove 42 must be able to accommodate the connection of the auxiliary support plate 46 with sufficient rigidity. If the width of the vertical slide groove 42 is too small, it will cause the connection of the auxiliary support plate 46 to be weak, causing the auxiliary support plate 46 to be damaged or loose. If the width of the vertical slide groove 42 is too large, the gap at the connection will be larger, which will increase the load capacity while also causing looseness.

[0059] The auxiliary support plate 46 fixes and locks the sliding support, making the sliding support plate 47 tighter and more stable. The support angle of the auxiliary support plate 46 in the vertical direction determines its stabilizing effect on the sliding support plate 47. The support angle of the sliding support is close to the vertical direction, which causes the pressure of the load to act more in the vertical direction, which will make the locking effect of the auxiliary support plate 46 worse, causing the auxiliary support plate 46 to slide under the pressure of the load.

[0060] The auxiliary support plate 46 slides on the horizontal slide groove 48 to fix the workpiece, and its sliding stroke is determined by the horizontal slide groove 48. The sliding of the auxiliary support plate 46 is too small and cannot adapt to some workpieces, which limits its applicable workpieces. The auxiliary support plate 46 cannot slide to a suitable fixed position, resulting in an unsatisfactory workpiece fixing effect; an excessively large sliding stroke will cause the sliding support plate 47 to extend too long, which will lead to a lack of support at its end, causing the sliding support plate 47 to deform or damage the positioning mechanism 4.

[0061] When it is working, the sliding support plate 47 slides out from the horizontal slide groove 48 to support the workpiece, and at this time drives the bottom end of the auxiliary support plate 46 to slide along the vertical slide groove 42, thereby driving the locking screw 44 and the locking nut 45 to slide in the locking slide groove 43, and the sliding support plate 47 moves to the appropriate position, and the locking nut 45 is rotated so that the locking screw 44 is locked, thereby locking the auxiliary support plate 46, thereby assisting the sliding support plate 47 in the vertical direction of the support function, and at the same time the locking bolt 492 is rotated so that the locking pressure plate 49 locks the sliding support plate 47, and at this time, the positioning wheel 494 will align and position the workpiece.

[0062] like Figure 4As shown, the positioning wheel 494 includes a limiting shell 495, a right-angle frame 496 and a roller 497. The limiting shell 495 is fixedly installed on the adjusting rod 493, and the specific installation method is bolt connection. The limiting shell 495 is an open circle with an opening angle of 120°. The right-angle frame 496 is rotatably installed in the limiting shell 495, and the specific installation method is pin connection. The elongation of both ends of the right-angle frame 496 is 100 mm. The roller 497 is rotatably installed at the end of the right-angle frame 496, and the specific installation method is bearing connection. The diameter of the roller 497 is 80 mm, and the outer edge of the roller 497 is made of rubber. The rubber material makes the roller 497 in flexible contact with the workpiece, reducing damage to the workpiece.

[0063] The positioning wheel 494 is used to perform preliminary positioning of the workpiece, the movable right-angle frame 496 is used to adjust the posture of the workpiece, and the limiting shell 495 ensures the positioning function of the right-angle frame 496. The movable range of the right-angle frame 496 is too small, which will lead to an incorrect positioning posture when positioning the workpiece, causing the positioning wheel 494 to collide and squeeze with the workpiece, damaging the workpiece and the positioning device; an excessively large movable range will cause the positioning wheel 494 to be inaccurately positioned, and will cause its connection to wear faster, affecting its service life. At the same time, the extension of the two ends of the right-angle bracket 496 and the diameter of the roller 497 determine the positioning effect of different workpieces. Considering the need to accommodate as many workpieces as possible while ensuring a more reasonable length, if the extension of the right-angle bracket 496 is too small, it cannot effectively position workpieces with uneven contact surfaces. If the extension is too short, the workpiece is not fixed firmly, resulting in poor positioning effect. If the extension is too long, the positioning effect of the workpiece is less precise. Although the overall workpiece is fixed well, due to the excessive extension, the workpiece surface is not fully contacted, so slight workpiece movement will lead to reduced positioning accuracy. The diameter of the roller 497 affects the positioning efficiency of the workpiece and also affects the service life of the roller 497. If the diameter of the roller 497 is too small, the service life of the roller 497 is too short and the wear is increased. If the diameter of the roller 497 is too large, the positioning efficiency is low, resulting in inaccurate positioning accuracy. Therefore, the extension of both ends of the right-angle frame 496 is 100 mm, and the diameter of the roller 497 is 80 mm.

[0064] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the flip mechanism 5 includes a rotating support 51, a rotating motor 52, a transmission worm 53, a transmission worm wheel 54, a clamping disc 55 and a clamping claw 56. The rotating support 51 is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail 3, and the rotating motor 52 is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating support 51. The specific installation method is screw connection. The rotating motor 52 is used to provide power. The transmission worm 53 is fixedly connected to the power shaft of the rotating motor 52 through a chain drive. The head of the transmission worm 53 The number is 2, the shaft diameter of the transmission worm 53 is 60mm, the transmission worm wheel 54 is rotatably mounted inside the rotating support 51, and engages with the transmission worm 53, thereby realizing the transmission of flipping power and self-locking. The clamping plate 55 is fixedly connected to the transmission worm wheel 54 coaxially, and the clamping jaw 56 is slidably mounted on the clamping plate 55. The sliding stroke of the clamping jaw 56 is 100mm, and the clamping jaw 56 is used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be processed.

[0065] The flipping mechanism 5 realizes the flipping movement of the clamping disk 55 through the transmission mechanism of the worm gear. The transmission worm 53 is connected to the transmission motor through a chain drive, so that the power input and output are more stable and controllable, and the flipping rate and angle are more reasonable; furthermore, considering that the flipping mechanism 5 needs to be fixed before and after flipping to ensure that the flipping mechanism 5 does not rotate during processing, the number of heads of the transmission worm 53 selected here is 2. The number of heads of the worm refers to the ratio of the number of teeth of the worm and the worm wheel. The number of heads of the transmission worm 53 is at least 1. Secondly, since the torque that drives the flip mechanism 5 to rotate will act on the transmission worm 53, especially the teeth on the transmission worm 53, selecting a relatively suitable diameter of the transmission worm 53 shaft is the key to improving the reliability of the mechanism movement. If the diameter of the transmission worm 53 shaft is too small, the shaft rigidity will be poor and easy to be damaged, and the transmission worm 53 will have too few working contact teeth, affecting the transmission effect; and an overly large shaft will cause the corresponding diameter of the transmission turbine to become larger, making the entire mechanism too large, which is not conducive to assembly and subsequent maintenance.

[0066] The clamping jaw 56 is a component that directly acts on the surface of the workpiece, and its movement stroke directly determines the size and shape of the workpiece that can be clamped. Therefore, choosing a suitable movement stroke can not only improve the working efficiency and adaptability of the clamping jaw 56 to the workpiece, but also make assembly and replacement more convenient. If the sliding stroke of the clamping jaw 56 is too small, its movement stroke is too small, and its applicability to the workpiece is not high, and the corresponding jaw needs to be replaced frequently; if the sliding stroke of the clamping jaw 56 is too large, its clamping effect will be unsatisfactory, and the gap between the installations will cause the sliding process to be unstable and the clamping force to be insufficient.

[0067] During operation, the rotating motor 52 rotates to provide power to the flipping mechanism 5. The power is transmitted to the transmission worm 53 through the power shaft, causing the transmission worm 53 to rotate. The transmission worm 53 is a double-headed worm, which ensures the self-locking of the mechanism, thereby driving the transmission worm wheel 54 to rotate, and then driving the clamping disk 55 to achieve flipping.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, the clamping disc 55 includes a clamping motor 551, a fixing sleeve 552, a forward screw rod 553, a reverse screw rod 554, a guide rod 555, a sliding clamp plate 556 and a clamping block 557. The clamping motor 551 is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping disc 55 to provide clamping force and control the clamping action. The fixing sleeve 552 is fixedly installed at the center of the clamping disc 55. The specific installation method is a bolt connection, which is used to fix the forward screw rod 553 and the reverse screw rod 554 to ensure their coaxial installation. One end of the forward screw rod 553 and one end of the reverse screw rod 554 are coaxially fixedly connected through the fixing sleeve 552. The forward screw rod 553 has a clockwise thread direction, and the reverse screw rod 554 has a counterclockwise thread direction. The other end of the forward screw rod 553 is connected to the The clamping motor 551 is fixedly connected through a coupling, and the other end of the reverse screw rod 554 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the clamping disk 55 through a bearing and is equipped with a keyway. The guide rods 555 are in groups of two and are respectively installed on both sides of the forward screw rod 553. The guide rods 555 are parallel to the forward screw rod 553 and the center lines of the two are in the same plane. The sliding clamps 556 are slidably installed on the guide rods 555 through the openings thereon, and the sliding clamps 556 are in groups of two and are respectively rotatably installed on the forward screw rod 553 and the reverse screw rod 554 through the threaded holes therein. The clamping blocks 557 are fixedly installed on the sliding clamping plates 556. The specific installation method is bolt connection. There are 3 of them, and the gap between the clamping blocks 557 is 80 mm.

[0069] The clamping disc 55 is a rotating power clamping disc 55, which can realize the function of clamping the workpiece while also flipping the workpiece. The cooperation between the forward screw rod 553 and the reverse screw rod 554 enables the sliding clamp plate 556 thereon to slide relative to each other, thereby realizing the clamping movement of the workpiece. The fixed sleeve 552 is fixedly connected to the two reverse screw rods, and the coaxial installation ensures that it will not clamp at the wrong angle. At the same time, considering that the clamping force provided by the movement of the screw rod needs to be able to lock the sliding clamp plate 556 in real time, the screw rod here is a self-locking screw rod. When the clamping motor 551 moves, the rotational force perpendicular to the axial direction is converted into axial movement through the screw rod, and the axial movement cannot affect the screw rod.

[0070] The relative movement of the sliding clamp 556 realizes the clamping of the workpiece, and the clamping block 557 thereon acts completely on the workpiece. The number and distribution of the clamping blocks 557 directly determine the distribution of the clamping force. A single clamping block 557 cannot provide sufficient clamping force, and the clamping force is unevenly distributed, resulting in a poor fixing effect on the workpiece; the distribution of the clamping blocks 557 is too large, resulting in each clamping block 557 being more fragile and easy to damage, and the adaptability to the processed workpiece is also reduced, and the clamping force is too dispersed, and secondly, the difficulty of installation is also increased. Furthermore, the gaps between the various clamping blocks 557 also affect the distribution of the clamping force and the clamping effect as described above. If the gaps between the clamping blocks 557 are too small, the area of ​​contact with the workpiece increases, and the clamping force on a single clamping block 557 is unevenly distributed and covers a large area of ​​the workpiece surface, causing damage to the workpiece while also covering the processing area, affecting the processing effect; if the gaps are too large, the overall clamping force is too dispersed, and the clamping force acting on a single clamping block 557 is too concentrated, which will cause damage to the clamping block 557.

[0071] When it is working, the clamping motor 551 rotates, thereby driving the forward screw rod 553 and the reverse screw rod 554 to rotate, and then driving the two sliding clamps 556 to move relative to each other. Since the sliding clamps 556 are slidingly connected to the guide rod 555, the sliding clamps 556 move along the guide rod 555 at the same time.

[0072] like Figure 8 As shown, the side fixing mechanism 6 includes a sliding base 61, a support platform 62, a positioning platform 63, a fixed backing plate 64, a clamping mechanism 65 and a clamping block 657. The sliding base 61 is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail 3, and the support platform 62 is slidably mounted on the sliding base 61. The support platform 62 is used to support and fix the workpiece before positioning. The positioning platform 63 is vertically slidably mounted on the side of the support platform 62. The thickness of the positioning platform 63 is 2 / 3 of the support platform 62. The positioning platform 63 is used to adjust and position the workpiece in the Z-axis direction. The fixed backing plate 64 is fixed It is fixedly installed on the sliding base 61, and the positioning platform 63 is slidably installed on it. The fixed support plate 64 is used to support and limit the entire mechanism. The clamping mechanism 65 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed support plate 64. The height difference between the fixed support plate 64 and the support platform 62 is 200mm. The clamping block 657 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft 654. The clamping block 657 is an adjustable clamping screw. The telescopic stroke of the clamping block 657 is 100mm. The function of the clamping block 657 is to limit the movement in the Z-axis direction and fix the workpiece in the Z-axis direction.

[0073] The side fixing mechanism 6 provides auxiliary positioning for the workpiece and repositions and fixes the workpiece in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. The thickness of the positioning platform 63 is the contact area for supporting the workpiece. If the thickness of the positioning platform 63 is too small, the strength of the positioning platform 63 will be reduced, and the bearing effect on the workpiece will be insufficient, resulting in concentrated force on the workpiece and deformation or damage; if the thickness of the positioning platform 63 is too large, this will result in an excessively large distance between the support platform 62 and the fixed plate 64, and the load of the positioning platform 63 will also increase, making the side fixing mechanism 6 easy to be damaged.

[0074] The clamping mechanism 65 is mounted on the fixed support plate 64. When the clamping mechanism 65 clamps the workpiece, the travel of the positioning platform 63 depends on the height difference between the fixed support plate 64 and the support plate. If the height difference is too small, the adjustable range of the positioning platform 63 is too small, making it impossible to effectively position and fix the workpiece. If the height difference is too large, the positioning platform 63 requires a larger travel range, and its stability will also be reduced, affecting the positioning effect. Correspondingly, the clamping block 657 is a fixed component that directly contacts the workpiece. Its telescopic travel also determines the positioning effect of the positioning platform 63. If the telescopic travel of the clamping block 657 is too small, the travel range of the positioning platform 63 is too small, and the contact with the workpiece is too close. Excessive clamping force can easily damage the workpiece and the mechanism. If the telescopic travel of the clamping block 657 is too large, the positioning platform 63 needs to move a larger travel range to achieve the fixing effect of the workpiece, which increases the load on the positioning platform 63 and affects the positioning effect.

[0075] During operation, the support platform 62 moves on the sliding base 61 so that the workpiece can be fixed on the support platform 62. At this time, the height of the positioning platform 63 is adjusted to position the workpiece on the Z axis. The fixed support plate 64 is used to fix the movement of the workpiece in the X axis direction. The clamping mechanism 65 drives the clamping block 657 to tighten the workpiece.

[0076] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the clamping mechanism 65 includes a telescopic cylinder 651, a movable rack 652, a bevel gear 653, a connecting shaft 654, a guide groove 655 and a guide screw 656. The telescopic cylinder 651 is fixedly mounted on the fixed support plate 64. The telescopic cylinder 651 is used to provide power. One end of the movable rack 652 is fixedly connected to the telescopic cylinder 651, and the other end is slidably mounted in the clamping mechanism 65. The length of the toothed area of ​​the movable rack 652 is 90 mm. The bevel gear 653 is engaged with the movable rack 652. The bevel angle of the bevel gear 653 is 45°. The connecting shaft 654 is connected to the bevel gear 653 through a keyway, and the bottom end of the connecting shaft 654 is slidably installed in the bottom through hole of the clamping mechanism 65. The connecting shaft 654 is driven by the bevel gear 653 to move in the axial direction, so that the clamping mechanism 65 clamps the workpiece. The guide groove 655 is opened in the middle of the connecting shaft 654, and the guide screw 656 is rotatably installed on the clamping mechanism 65 through a threaded hole. The end of the guide screw 656 is hemispherical, and its hemispherical diameter transitionally matches the guide groove 655, so as to ensure smooth and stable movement between the two.

[0077] The length of the toothed area of ​​the movable rack 652 ensures that it can fully contact the bevel gear 653, so that the bevel gear 653 can obtain stable and reliable movement. If the length of the toothed area of ​​the movable rack 652 is too small, its range of movement cannot match the bevel gear 653, so that the movement of the bevel gear 653 cannot meet the work of the mechanism; if the length of the toothed area of ​​the movable rack 652 is too large, its length is greater than the actual effective working length, so it will cause excessive invalid length and make the rigidity of the movable rack 652 worse.

[0078] The helical teeth on the helical gear 653 are key to converting horizontal motion into vertical motion. If the helical gear 653's helical angle is too small, the movable rack 652 will not properly engage with it. If the helical gear 653's helical angle is too large, the horizontal force of the movable rack 652 exerting a vertical force on the helical gear 653 will not be sufficient to propel the connecting shaft 654, preventing the vertical clamping function. Furthermore, the movement of the connecting shaft 654 is guided by the guide slot 655 and the guide screw 656 thereon. The hemispherical tip of the guide screw 656 is designed to reduce friction and ensure smoother guidance.

[0079] When it is working, the telescopic cylinder 651 moves, driving the movable rack 652 to reciprocate, thereby driving the bevel gear 653 engaged with it to rotate, and then the connecting shaft 654 is transmitted. At this time, the guide groove 655 on the connecting shaft 654 is guided by the guide screw 656, that is, the end of the guide screw 656 will slide relatively in the slide groove, causing the connecting shaft 654 to rotate and press downward.

[0080] like Figure 11 As shown, the guide groove 655 is L-shaped, consisting of a vertical straight groove and a horizontal arc groove, the connection between the two is an arc transition groove, the length of the straight groove is 80 mm, the width of the guide groove 655 is 1 / 4 of the diameter of the connecting shaft 654, and the depth of the guide groove 655 is 2 / 5 of the diameter of the connecting shaft 654.

[0081] The shape of the guide groove 655 determines the movement of the connecting shaft 654. The L-shaped guide groove 655 allows the connecting shaft 654 to rotate 1 / 4 circle and then move in the axial direction, making the clamping of the workpiece more flexible and reliable. The arc-shaped transition area at the connection of the guide groove 655 is to ensure smoother movement and reduce mechanism wear; and the straight groove in the axial direction determines the movement stroke of the connecting shaft 654, that is, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism 65. If the length of the straight groove is too small, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism 65 will be insufficient and cannot adapt to some thicker workpieces; if the length of the straight groove is too large, the clamping stroke of the clamping mechanism 65 will be too long, resulting in insufficient clamping force and affecting the clamping effect.

[0082] The depth and width of the guide groove 655 are key factors in determining its service life and the effectiveness of its fit with the guide screw 656. If the width of the guide groove 655 is too small, the diameter of the hemispherical end of the guide screw 656 will also be reduced, resulting in a reduced contact area between the two, which will lead to a poor transmission effect on the connecting shaft 654. If the width is too large, the fit between the guide groove 655 and the guide screw 656 will not be tight, which can easily cause vibration and wear. At the same time, the depth of the guide groove 655 should also be within a certain range. If the depth of the guide groove 655 is too small, the contact area between the guide groove 655 and the guide screw 656 will be reduced, the guiding effect will be reduced, and the two will be easily misaligned due to wear. If the depth is too deep, the solid portion of the connecting shaft 654 will be reduced, the rigidity of the connecting shaft 654 will be reduced, and it will be prone to deformation and damage.

[0083] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the overall principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device, comprising a gantry processing machine tool (1) and a fixture (2), wherein the fixture (2) is fixedly mounted on a processing plane of the gantry processing machine tool (1), and characterized in that: The invention also includes a positioning slide rail (3), a positioning mechanism (4), a flipping mechanism (5) and a side fixing mechanism (6), wherein the positioning slide rail (3) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the fixture (2), the positioning mechanism (4) is slidably mounted on one end of the X-axis of the fixture (2), the positioning mechanism (4) fixes the rectangular workpiece on the X-axis and positions it in the Y-axis direction according to the six-point positioning principle, the flipping mechanism (5) is a group of two, and is respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the Y-axis of the fixture (2), the flipping mechanism (5) is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail (3), and the flipping mechanism (5) and the positioning mechanism are connected to each other. (4) is installed at an angle of 90°, the flip mechanism (5) positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the Z-axis direction by the six-point positioning principle and the automatic centering movement of the fixture, the side fixing mechanism (6) is slidably installed at the other end of the X-axis of the fixture (2), the side fixing mechanism (6) and the installation position of the flip mechanism (5) are 90°, and the side fixing mechanism (6) is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail (3) at the same time, and the side fixing mechanism (6) positions and fixes the rectangular workpiece in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the six-point positioning principle and the vertical pressing force; The positioning mechanism (4) comprises a positioning housing (41), a vertical slide (42), a locking slide (43), a locking screw (44), a locking nut (45), an auxiliary support plate (46), a sliding support plate (47), a horizontal slide (48), a locking pressure plate (49), a mounting boss (491), a locking bolt (492), an adjusting rod (493) and a positioning wheel (494), wherein the positioning housing (41) is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail (3), the vertical slide (42) is provided on the side of the positioning housing (41), and its width is 40mm-60mm, the locking slide (43) is provided on the other side of the positioning housing (41), and is 90° to the mounting plane of the vertical slide (42), the locking screw (44) is slidably mounted in the locking slide (43), the locking nuts (45) are arranged in groups of two, and two groups are installed in total, and the locking nuts (45) are rotatably mounted on the locking screws (44) ) at both ends, one end of the auxiliary support plate (46) is slidably mounted in the vertical slide groove (42) and is rotatably connected to the locking screw (44), the sliding support plate (47) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the auxiliary support plate (46), and is horizontally slidably mounted on the positioning shell (41), the horizontal slide groove (48) is opened on the sliding support plate (47), the sliding stroke of the horizontal slide groove (48) is 150mm-230mm, the locking pressure plate (49) is concave and convex, and is mounted above the horizontal slide groove (48), the mounting boss (491) is fixedly mounted on the top of the positioning shell (41), the locking bolt (492) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting boss (491), and its bottom end is rotatably connected to the locking pressure plate (49), the adjusting rod (493) is fixedly mounted on the positioning shell (41), and the positioning wheel (494) is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod (493); The positioning wheel (494) comprises a limiting shell (495), a right-angle frame (496) and a roller (497). The limiting shell (495) is fixedly mounted on the adjusting rod (493). The limiting shell (495) is an open circular shape with an opening angle of 120°-150°. The right-angle frame (496) is rotatably mounted in the limiting shell (495). The elongation of both ends of the right-angle frame (496) is 100mm-200mm. The roller (497) is rotatably mounted at the end of the right-angle frame (496). The diameter of the roller (497) is 80mm-100mm. The outer edge of the roller (497) is made of rubber.

2. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning mechanism (5) comprises a rotating support (51), a rotating motor (52), a transmission worm (53), a transmission worm wheel (54), a clamping disc (55) and a clamping claw (56); the rotating support (51) is slidably mounted on the positioning slide rail (3); the rotating motor (52) is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating support (51); the transmission worm (53) is fixedly connected to the power shaft of the rotating motor (52) through a chain drive; the transmission worm (53) is fixedly connected to the power shaft of the rotating motor (52) through a chain drive; the transmission worm (54 ... 3) has a head number of 1-2, the shaft diameter of the transmission worm (53) is 50mm-80mm, the transmission worm wheel (54) is rotatably mounted inside the rotating support (51) and meshes with the transmission worm (53), the clamping plate (55) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission worm wheel (54), the clamping jaw (56) is slidably mounted on the clamping plate (55), and the sliding stroke of the clamping jaw (56) is 100mm-150mm.

3. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping disc (55) comprises a clamping motor (551), a fixing sleeve (552), a forward screw rod (553), a reverse screw rod (554), a guide rod (555), a sliding clamp (556) and a clamping block (557). The clamping motor (551) is fixedly mounted on the top of the clamping disc (55), and the fixing sleeve (552) is fixedly mounted at the center of the clamping disc (55). One end of the forward screw rod (553) and one end of the reverse screw rod (554) are fixedly connected coaxially through the fixing sleeve (552). The forward screw rod (553) has a clockwise thread direction, and the reverse screw rod (554) has a counterclockwise thread direction. The other end of the forward screw rod (553) is fixedly connected to the clamping motor (551) through a coupling. The other end of the forward screw rod (554) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the clamping disk (55) through a bearing and is equipped with a keyway. The guide rods (555) are arranged in groups of two and are respectively installed on both sides of the forward screw rod (553). The guide rods (555) are parallel to the forward screw rod (553) and the center lines of the two are in the same plane. The sliding clamps (556) are slidably installed on the guide rods (555) through the openings thereon, and the sliding clamps (556) are arranged in groups of two and are respectively rotatably installed on the forward screw rod (553) and the reverse screw rod (554) through the threaded holes therein. The clamps (557) are installed on the sliding clamps (556), and the number thereof is 2-4. The gap between the clamps (557) is 60mm-100mm.

4. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side fixing mechanism (6) includes a sliding base (61), a support platform (62), a positioning platform (63), a fixed support plate (64), a pressing mechanism (65) and a pressing block (657). The sliding base (61) is slidably mounted on the positioning rail (3). The support platform (62) is slidably mounted on the sliding base (61). The positioning platform (63) is vertically slidably mounted on the side of the support platform (62). The thickness of the positioning platform (63) is 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the thickness of the support platform (62). The support plate (64) is fixedly mounted on the sliding base (61), and the positioning platform (63) is slidably mounted thereon. The pressing mechanism (65) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed support plate (64). The height difference between the fixed support plate (64) and the support platform (62) is 200mm-400mm. The pressing block (657) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft (654). The pressing block (657) is an adjustable pressing screw. The telescopic stroke of the pressing block (657) is 90mm-150mm.

5. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (65) includes a telescopic cylinder (651), a movable rack (652), a bevel gear (653), a connecting shaft (654), a guide groove (655) and a guide screw (656). The telescopic cylinder (651) is fixedly mounted on the fixed support plate (64). One end of the movable rack (652) is fixedly connected to the telescopic cylinder (651), and the other end is slidably mounted in the clamping mechanism (65). The length of the toothed area of ​​the movable rack (652) is 90 mm to 150 mm. The bevel gear (653) is connected to the movable rack (652). The rack (652) is meshed, the bevel angle of the bevel gear (653) is 30°-45°, the connecting shaft (654) is connected to the bevel gear (653) through a keyway, the bottom end of the connecting shaft (654) is slidably installed in the bottom through hole of the clamping mechanism (65), the guide groove (655) is opened in the middle of the connecting shaft (654), the guide screw (656) is rotatably installed on the clamping mechanism (65) through a threaded hole, and the end of the guide screw (656) is hemispherical, and its hemispherical diameter is transitionally matched with the guide groove (655).

6. A large-scale parts processing and positioning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide groove (655) is L-shaped and consists of a vertical straight groove and a horizontal arc groove. The connection between the two is an arc transition groove. The length of the straight groove is 80mm-150mm. The width of the guide groove (655) is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the diameter of the connecting shaft (654). The depth of the guide groove (655) is 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the diameter of the connecting shaft (654).

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