Coal anti-blocking device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coal crushing anti-blocking devices, including coal hopper, coal crushing mechanism being arranged on the upper end of coal hopper and tensioning driving mechanism, the coal hopper includes inner cavity and the shell being covered in the outer side of inner cavity, a cavity is formed between the shell and inner cavity, transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity, and coal scraping mechanism and coal feeding assembly are arranged on transmission shaft;The coal crushing mechanism includes several groups of pulverizing mechanism, each group of the pulverizing mechanism includes two pulverizing units, and each pulverizing unit is internally provided with a hot drying channel.The pulverizing mechanism with rotating shaft can achieve the purpose of preheating while crushing coal, and the tensioning driving mechanism ensures the stability of rotating shaft transmission;Coal hopper with cavity, coal scraping mechanism and coal feeding assembly can not only heat and dry coal, but also scrape off the coal blocks attached in the coal hopper, loosen the accumulated coal in the coal hopper at the same time, and quickly remove the coal under the driving of coal feeding assembly, with simple and practical structure and convenient operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coal for power generation boiler, and particularly relates to a coal crushing anti-blocking device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Muddy coal in coal is also called grass coal, which is the lowest degree of coalification, that is, the most original state of coal, and is formed by the incomplete decomposition and accumulation of the residual bodies of marsh plants under the condition of much water, so it contains a large amount of water. In the transportation process, the muddy coal is easy to be caked, so that the water in the muddy coal is not easy to be discharged, resulting in the non-vertical surface in the coal conveying system, especially in the coal hopper, so that the muddy coal is easy to be accumulated to cause the feeding blockage of the coal conveying system. The water in the coal can affect the heating efficiency of the boiler, so that the power generation load of the boiler is instantaneously reduced, and the power load distribution of the power transmission and distribution system is seriously affected. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a coal crushing anti-blocking device which can crush coal blocks and heat dry coal, and is convenient for scraping and loosening coal and beneficial to coal conveying.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme of the present application is to provide a coal crushing anti-blocking device, which comprises a coal hopper, a coal crushing mechanism arranged at the upper end of the coal hopper, and a tension driving mechanism for driving the coal crushing mechanism to operate to crush coal blocks. The coal hopper comprises an inner cavity and an outer shell covering the outer side of the inner cavity, and a cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner cavity and communicates with an air preheater. An air inlet pipe communicating with the cavity is arranged on one side of the outer shell, and an air outlet pipe communicating with the cavity is arranged on the other side of the outer shell. An air pipe is arranged on one side of the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe, and a hot gas pipe communicating with the air preheater is arranged on the other side of the air inlet end. A mixing cover is arranged in the air inlet pipe corresponding to the air inlet junction of the air pipe and the hot gas pipe. The cross section of the mixing cover is a "U" shaped structure, and the opening direction of the mixing cover is the same as the air inlet direction of the air inlet pipe.

[0005] A transmission shaft is arranged to rotate in the inner cavity, and a coal scraping mechanism and a coal conveying assembly are arranged on the transmission shaft. The coal crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of crushing mechanisms. Each set of the crushing mechanisms comprises two first crushing units and second crushing units which rotate towards each other to cooperate with crushing. The first crushing units and the second crushing units are both provided with heat drying channels for transmitting heat medium. In use, the coal crushed by the coal crushing mechanism falls into the coal hopper after preheating, the air preheater provides hot gas into the cavity, the accumulated coal in the inner cavity is heated and the attached water vapor is discharged, the coal scraping mechanism is used to scrape the coal blocks attached to the inner side wall of the inner cavity and simultaneously stir the accumulated coal in the inner cavity, so that the coal is quickly removed from the discharge port of the inner cavity under the driving of the coal conveying assembly.

[0006] Adopting the above structure, each set of crushing mechanism includes two crushing units, the two crushing units are driven by two opposite rotating shafts and crush the coal blocks, meanwhile, a heat drying channel for passing the heat medium is arranged in the rotating shaft to heat and dry the coal blocks while the rotating shaft rotates to crush the coal blocks, the path lengthening structure is used to prolong the time of the heat medium passing through the heat drying channel, which improves the heat exchange efficiency and saves heat energy; the tension driving mechanism is arranged at both ends of the crushing mechanism, which solves the synchronization problem of the power at both ends of the mechanism, overcomes the damage of the sudden torque caused by the impact load to the transmission mechanism, and ensures the transmission stability; the heated air provided by the air preheater is introduced into the cavity formed between the shell and the inner cavity to heat the inner cavity wall, so as to heat the coal material and volatilize the water in the coal material, and the purpose of drying the coal material is achieved; the coal scraping mechanism and the coal feeding assembly are synchronously driven to rotate under the rotation of the transmission shaft, the coal scraping mechanism scrapes the coal blocks adhered to the inner wall of the coal hopper and simultaneously stirs the accumulated coal in the coal hopper, relaxes the accumulation state of the accumulated coal, reduces the coal feeding resistance, so that the coal material is quickly removed from the discharge port of the coal hopper under the driving of the coal feeding assembly, and the structure is simple, compact and convenient to operate.

[0007] Beneficial effects: the crushing mechanism with the rotating shaft can realize the use purpose of preheating while crushing coal, and the tension driving mechanism ensures the stability of the rotating shaft transmission; the coal hopper with the cavity, the coal scraping mechanism and the coal feeding assembly can not only heat and dry the coal material, but also scrape the coal blocks adhered in the coal hopper and simultaneously stir the accumulated coal in the coal hopper, and the coal material is quickly removed under the driving of the coal feeding assembly, and the structure is simple and practical and convenient to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0009] Figure 2 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0010] Figure 3 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the first crushing mechanism.

[0011] Figure 4 The figure is a flow direction schematic diagram of the heat medium in the use process of the present application.

[0012] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the first penetrating plate, the first airflow disturbance piece and the second airflow disturbance piece.

[0013] Figure 6 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the first crushing unit and the second crushing unit.

[0014] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the coal crushing process of the present application.

[0015] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the first tensioning transmission assembly.

[0016] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the first tensioning transmission assembly. Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram at A in the middle.

[0017] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the first tensioning transmission assembly. Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram at B in the middle.

[0018] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the tensioning assembly.

[0019] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the installation structure of the inner cavity.

[0020] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the flow of gas at the position of the mixing cover.

[0021] Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the coal scraping device and the coal feeding assembly.

[0022] Figure 15 is an enlarged view at C in the middle. Figure 14

[0023] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0024] first crushing unit 1, first rotating shaft 11, first forward inclined blade 12, first reverse inclined blade 13, first fin 14, first crushing tooth 15, first crushing groove 16, first crushing space 17, first hot drying channel 18, first path extension structure 19, first through plate 191, first through hole 192, first air flow disturbance piece 193, second air flow disturbance piece 194;

[0025] second crushing unit 2, second rotating shaft 21, second forward inclined blade 22, second reverse inclined blade 23, second fin 24, second crushing tooth 25, second crushing groove 26, second crushing space 27, second hot drying channel 28, second path extension structure 29;

[0026] first support 3, first base 31, first support column 32, first support base 33, first convex base 34, first mounting seat 35, second convex base 36, second mounting seat 37, second support 4;

[0027] ​First tension transmission assembly 5, first driving assembly 51, first motor 510, first main transmission wheel 511, first driven transmission wheel 512, first transmission belt 513, first limiting protrusion 514, second limiting protrusion 515, first outer gear ring 516, second outer gear ring 517, first driving gear 518, first driven gear 519, second driving assembly 52, second motor 520, second main transmission wheel 521, second driven transmission wheel 522, second transmission belt 523, third limiting protrusion 524, fourth limiting protrusion 525, third outer gear ring 526, fourth outer gear ring 527, second driving gear 528, second driven gear 529;

[0028] Tensioning assembly 53, support seat 531, first moving part 532, first sliding block 5321, first tensioning wheel 5322, first fixed plate 5323, first vertical plate 5324, first support plate 5325, first mounting end 5326, fifth limiting protrusion 5327, second moving part 533, second sliding block 5331, second tensioning wheel 5332, second fixed plate 5333, second vertical plate 5334, second support plate 5335, second mounting end 5336, sixth limiting protrusion 5337, sliding groove 534, rotating rod 535, third motor 536;

[0029] Cavity 61, inner cavity 610, heat-absorbing sheet 6101, support 6102, power motor 6103, maintenance passage 6104, sealing door 6105, shell 611, auger blade 612, transmission shaft 613;

[0030] Air inlet pipe 620, air pipe 6201, hot air pipe 6202, temperature instrument 6203, air outlet pipe 621;

[0031] Base 63, support rod 630, scraper 631, transition inclined surface 6311, connecting rod 632, first baffle 633, second baffle 634, blade inclined surface 6341, accommodation inclined surface 6342. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] By Figures 1 to 15As shown, the present application comprises a coal hopper, a coal crushing mechanism arranged at the upper end of the coal hopper, and a tension driving mechanism for driving the coal crushing mechanism to operate to crush coal blocks. The coal hopper comprises an inner cavity 610 and an outer shell 611 covering the outer side of the inner cavity 610, and a cavity 61 is formed between the outer shell 611 and the inner cavity 610 and communicates with an air preheater (not shown). A transmission shaft 613 is arranged to rotate in the inner cavity 610, and a coal scraping mechanism and a coal feeding assembly are arranged on the transmission shaft 613. The coal crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of sets of crushing mechanisms. Each set of the crushing mechanisms comprises two first crushing units 1 and two second crushing units 2 arranged to rotate towards each other to cooperate with crushing. The first crushing units 1 and the second crushing units 2 are both provided with a heat drying channel for transmitting heat medium. In use, the coal crushed by the coal crushing mechanism falls into the coal hopper after preheating, and the air preheater provides hot air into the cavity 61 to heat the accumulated coal in the inner cavity 610 and discharge the attached water vapor. The coal scraping mechanism is used to scrape the coal blocks attached to the inner side wall of the inner cavity and simultaneously stir the accumulated coal in the inner cavity 610 to be quickly removed from the discharge port of the inner cavity 610 under the driving of the coal feeding assembly.

[0033] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The crushing mechanism is defined as two sets, i.e. a first crushing mechanism and a second crushing mechanism arranged adjacent to each other on the same horizontal plane. The first crushing mechanism comprises a first crushing unit 1 and a second crushing unit 2 arranged to rotate towards each other to cooperate with crushing. The first crushing unit 1 comprises a first rotating shaft 11 and a first crushing part arranged on the first rotating shaft 11. The second crushing unit 2 comprises a second rotating shaft 21 and a second crushing part arranged on the second rotating shaft 21. The first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 21 can rotate towards each other to drive the first crushing part and the second crushing part to rotate towards each other to crush coal blocks.

[0034] The first crushing part comprises a plurality of first blades uniformly distributed on the first rotating shaft 11 along the length direction of the first rotating shaft 11. Each first blade is arranged around the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 11. The plurality of first blades are divided into two groups to form two groups of first blades with the same number. The two groups of first blades are arranged on two sections of the first rotating shaft 11 with the median line of the first rotating shaft 11 as the dividing point. One group of the first blades on the left side of the median line are defined as first positive oblique blades 12, and a plurality of the first positive oblique blades 12 are connected end to end to form a first positive spiral blade in a spiral shape. One group of the first blades on the right side of the median line are defined as first negative oblique blades 13, and a plurality of the first negative oblique blades 13 are connected end to end to form a first negative spiral blade with a spiral direction opposite to that of the first positive spiral blade.

[0035] Each of the first positive oblique blades 12 and the first negative oblique blades 13 is uniformly spaced with a plurality of first fins 14. Each of the first fins 14 is formed by the outer edge of the corresponding first positive oblique blade 12 or the first negative oblique blade 13 extending outward in a respective radial direction. Each of the first fins 14 is provided with a first crushing tooth 15. The first crushing teeth 15 provided on the first positive oblique blades 12 are formed by the outer edge of the corresponding first fin 14 extending in an axial direction away from the first negative oblique blades 13. The first crushing teeth 15 provided on the first negative oblique blades 13 are formed by the outer edge of the corresponding first fin 14 extending in an axial direction away from the first positive oblique blades 12. Each of the first crushing teeth 15 is formed between two adjacent first crushing teeth 15. Each of the first blades, the first fins 14, and the first crushing teeth 15 encloses a half-enclosed first crushing space 17.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The first shaft 11 has a first heat drying channel 18 inside for transmitting heat medium in an axial direction. The first heat drying channel 18 is a cylindrical hollow channel. The first heat drying channel 18 is provided with a first path extension structure 19 inside for extending the heat medium transmission path. The first path extension structure 19 includes a first through plate 191 arranged inside the first heat drying channel 18 in a length direction of the first heat drying channel 18, a plurality of first airflow disturbance parts arranged on the first through plate 191, and a plurality of second airflow disturbance parts. The width of the first through plate 191 matches the inner diameter of the first heat drying channel 18 to be clamped inside the first heat drying channel 18. The first through plate 191 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 192 distributed in a length direction of the first through plate 191. Each of the first through holes 192 penetrates the first through plate 191 in a thickness direction of the first through plate 191. Each of the first through holes 192 is a semicircular hole matching the inner diameter of the first heat drying channel 18 and is uniformly spaced on the first through plate 191.

[0037] The first airflow disturbing parts are first airflow disturbing pieces 193 evenly spaced along the length direction of the first perforated plate 191. Each of the first airflow disturbing pieces 193 is a semicircular piece matching the inner diameter of the first hot drying channel 18. Each of the first airflow disturbing pieces 193 is vertically arranged on the first side of the first perforated plate 191 along the thickness direction of the first perforated plate 191, and is adjacent to a corresponding odd first perforation 192 and located at the rear side of the corresponding first perforation 192 along the transmission direction of the heat medium (in the shown embodiment, the front side and the rear side are along the heat medium conveying direction, i.e. the inlet end close to the first hot drying channel 18 is defined as the front side, and the outlet end is defined as the rear side). The first airflow disturbing piece 193 and the corresponding odd first perforation 192 are formed by tearing from the second side to the first side of the first perforated plate 191.

[0038] The second airflow disturbing parts are second airflow disturbing pieces 194 evenly spaced along the length direction of the first perforated plate 191. Each of the second airflow disturbing pieces 194 is a semicircular piece matching the inner diameter of the first hot drying channel 18. Each of the second airflow disturbing pieces 194 is vertically arranged on the second side of the first perforated plate 191 along the thickness direction of the first perforated plate 191, and is adjacent to a corresponding even first perforation 192 and located at the rear side of the corresponding first perforation 192 along the transmission direction of the heat medium. The second airflow disturbing pieces 194 and the first airflow disturbing pieces 193 are staggered along the length direction of the first perforated plate 191, i.e. each of the first airflow disturbing pieces 193 is opposite to the interval between two corresponding second airflow disturbing pieces 194, and each of the second airflow disturbing pieces 194 is opposite to the interval between two corresponding first airflow disturbing pieces 193. The second airflow disturbing piece 194 and the corresponding even first perforation 192 are formed by tearing from the first side to the second side of the first perforated plate 191.

[0039] The second pulverizing part includes second blades evenly spaced on the second rotating shaft 21 along the length direction of the second rotating shaft 21. Each of the second blades is arranged around the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 21. Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, each of the second blades is paired with one of the first blades to form a pair of shredding blades, in each of the pair of shredding blades, the first blade and the second blade are staggered along the length direction of the first shaft 11 / second shaft 21, and when the first blade and the second blade rotate towards each other around the respective shaft, the first shredding teeth 15 and the second shredding teeth 25 are at least partially dislocated in the length direction. The second blades are divided into two groups of the same number of second blades, and the two groups of second blades are arranged on the two sections of the second shaft 21 with the median line of the second shaft 21 as the dividing point; wherein the second blades on the left side of the median line are all defined as second positive oblique blades 22, and the second positive oblique blades 22 are connected end to end to form a second positive helical blade in a spiral shape; the second blades on the right side of the median line are all defined as second negative oblique blades 23, and the second negative oblique blades 23 are connected end to end to form a second negative helical blade opposite in spiral direction to the second positive helical blade.

[0040] The outer periphery of each of the second positive oblique blades 22 and the second negative oblique blades 23 is uniformly spaced with a plurality of second fins 24, and each of the second fins 24 is formed by the outer edge of the corresponding second positive oblique blade 22 or second negative oblique blade 23 extending outward in the respective radial direction. Each of the second fins 24 is provided with a second shredding tooth 25, and the second shredding teeth 25 provided on the second positive oblique blades 22 are formed by the outer edge of the corresponding second fin 24 extending in the axial direction towards the second negative oblique blades 23, and the second shredding teeth 25 provided on the second negative oblique blades 23 are formed by the outer edge of the corresponding second fin 24 extending in the axial direction towards the second positive oblique blades 22. Between each adjacent two second shredding teeth 25, a second shredding groove 26 is formed. Between each of the second blades, the second fins 24 and the second shredding teeth 25, a semi-enclosed second shredding space 27 is formed, and the second shredding space 27 is arranged opposite to the first shredding space 17 in the axial direction.

[0041] The second shaft 21 has a second heat drying channel 28 inside for transmitting heat medium in the axial direction, and the second heat drying channel 28 is defined as a cylindrical hollow channel. The second heat drying channel 28 is provided with a second path extension structure 29 inside for extending the heat medium transmission path. The structure and principle of the second path extension structure 29 are the same as those of the first path extension structure 19, and therefore will not be described here.

[0042] The second pulverizing mechanism comprises a third pulverizing unit and a fourth pulverizing unit which can rotate towards each other to cooperate in pulverizing, the third pulverizing unit comprises a third rotating shaft and a third pulverizing part arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the fourth pulverizing unit comprises a fourth rotating shaft and a fourth pulverizing part arranged on the fourth rotating shaft. The structure and cooperation between them are the same as those of the first pulverizing unit 1 and the second pulverizing unit 2, and thus will not be described here.

[0043] The tensioning driving mechanism comprises a support and a tensioning transmission assembly arranged on the support, the support comprises a first support 3 arranged at the right end of the coal crushing mechanism and a second support 4 arranged at the left end thereof, and the tensioning transmission assembly comprises a first tensioning transmission assembly 5 arranged on the first support 3 and a second tensioning transmission assembly arranged on the second support 4.

[0044] The first support 3 comprises a first base 31, first support columns 32 arranged on the upper end face of the first base 31, and first supports 33 arranged on the upper end faces of the two first support columns 32. The first base 31 is arranged along the width direction of the first pulverizing mechanism, the two first support columns 32 are respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the first base 31 along the width direction of the first base 31, and the first supports 33 are horizontally arranged on the upper end faces of the two first support columns 32 along the length direction of the first base 31. The first support 3 further comprises first bosses 34 and first mounting seats 35 for mounting the first tensioning transmission assembly 5 and second bosses 36 and second mounting seats 37 for mounting the second tensioning transmission assembly. The first bosses 34 and the second bosses 36 are arranged on the upper end face of the first base 31 and located on the lateral sides of the first base 31, and both of them are arranged along the length direction of the first base 31. The first mounting seats 35 and the second mounting seats 37 are arranged on the upper end face of the first supports 33 and respectively located at positions corresponding to the first bosses 34 and the second bosses 36, and both of them are arranged along the length direction of the first supports 33. The first mounting seats 35 are located between the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 21, and the second mounting seats 37 are located between the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 8 to 11 , the first tensioning transmission assembly comprises a first driving assembly 51, a second driving assembly 52 corresponding to the first pulverizing mechanism and the second pulverizing mechanism respectively, and a tensioning assembly 53 arranged between the first driving assembly 51 and the second driving assembly 52 for tensioning them.

[0046] The first driving assembly 51 is in transmission connection with the right ends of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 21, and comprises a first motor 510 arranged on the left side of the first boss 34 and a first transmission structure for transmitting power of the first motor 510 to the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 21. The first transmission structure comprises a first belt pulley assembly arranged on one side of the first boss 34 and the first mounting seat 35 and a first transmission gear assembly arranged on the other side of the first mounting seat 35. The first belt pulley assembly comprises a first main transmission wheel 511 arranged on the side (i.e. the right side) of the first boss 34 away from the first motor 510, a first slave transmission wheel 512 arranged on the right side of the first mounting seat 35, and a first transmission belt 513 sleeved on the outer circumferences of the first main transmission wheel 511 and the first slave transmission wheel 512 to transmissionally connect the two. The first main transmission wheel 511 is coaxially arranged with the first motor 510 and can rotate around its own axis, and the first slave transmission wheel 512 is rotationally arranged on the right side of the first mounting seat 35 and can rotate around its own axis. The inner circumferential surface of the first transmission belt 513 is provided with a plurality of first limiting protrusions 514, and the corresponding positions of the side walls of the first main transmission wheel 511 and the first slave transmission wheel 512 are provided with second limiting protrusions 515 in limiting cooperation with the plurality of first limiting protrusions 514. The first transmission gear assembly comprises a first driving gear 518 and a first driven gear 519 arranged on the left side of the first mounting seat 35 and in meshing cooperation with each other. The first driving gear 518 is coaxially arranged with the first slave transmission wheel 512 and is in transmission connection with the first slave transmission wheel 512, and the first driving gear 518 can rotate around its own axis under the driving of the first slave transmission wheel 512. The first driven gear 519 is of the same size and number of teeth as the first driving gear 518 and is arranged on the same horizontal plane as the first driving gear 518. The first rotating shaft 11 is provided with a first outer gear ring 516 in meshing cooperation with the first driving gear 518 at a position corresponding to the first driving gear 518, and the second rotating shaft 21 is provided with a second outer gear ring 517 in meshing cooperation with the first driven gear 519 at a position corresponding to the first driven gear 519.

[0047] The second driving assembly 52 is in transmission connection with the right ends of the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft, and comprises a second motor 520 arranged on the left side of the second boss 36 and a second transmission structure for transmitting power of the second motor 520 to the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft. The second transmission structure comprises a second pulley assembly arranged on one side of the second boss 36 and the second mounting seat 37 and a second transmission gear assembly arranged on the other side of the second mounting seat 37. The second pulley assembly comprises a second main transmission wheel 521 arranged on the side (i.e. the right side) of the second boss 36 away from the second motor 520, a second slave transmission wheel 522 arranged on the right side of the second mounting seat 37, and a second transmission belt 523 sleeved on the outer circumferences of the second main transmission wheel 521 and the second slave transmission wheel 522 to transmissionally connect the two. The second main transmission wheel 521 is coaxially arranged with the second motor 520 and can rotate around its own axis, and the second slave transmission wheel 522 is rotationally arranged on the right side of the second mounting seat 37 and can rotate around its own axis. The inner circumferential surface of the second transmission belt 523 is provided with a plurality of third limiting protrusions 524, and the corresponding positions of the side walls of the second main transmission wheel 521 and the second slave transmission wheel 522 are provided with fourth limiting protrusions 525 in limiting cooperation with the plurality of third limiting protrusions 524. The second transmission gear assembly comprises a second driving gear 528 and a second driven gear 529 arranged on the left side of the second mounting seat 37 and in meshing cooperation with each other. The second driving gear 528 is coaxially arranged with the second slave transmission wheel 522 and is in transmission connection with the second slave transmission wheel 522, and the second driving gear 528 can rotate around its own axis under the driving of the second slave transmission wheel 522. The second driven gear 529 is of the same size and number of teeth as the second driving gear 528 and is arranged on the same horizontal plane as the second driving gear 528. The third rotating shaft is provided with a third outer gear ring 526 in meshing cooperation with the second driving gear 528 at the position corresponding to the second driving gear 528, and the fourth rotating shaft is provided with a fourth outer gear ring 527 in meshing cooperation with the second driven gear 529 at the position corresponding to the second driven gear 529.

[0048] The tensioning assembly 53 comprises a support base 531 arranged on the upper end surface of the first base 31 along the length direction of the first base 31, a first moving piece 532 and a second moving piece 533 slidingly arranged in the support base 531, and a power assembly for driving the first moving piece 532 and the second moving piece 533 to move towards or away from each other. The support base 531 is located at a position between the first boss 34 and the second boss 36, and an upper end thereof is provided with a sliding groove 534 for slidingly accommodating the first moving piece 532 and the second moving piece 533. The sliding groove 534 extends along the upper side and the transverse sides of the support base 531 to pass through the support base 531. The power assembly comprises a rotating rod 535 rotatably arranged in the sliding groove 534 along the length direction of the sliding groove 534, and a power piece for driving the rotating rod 535 to rotate about its axis. The transverse ends of the rotating rod 535 are respectively provided with two thread segments with opposite thread directions. The power piece is a third motor 536, which is arranged on one side of the support base 531 close to the first boss 34 and has an output shaft in transmission connection with the rotating rod 535.

[0049] The first moving piece 532 comprises a first sliding block 5321 threadedly connected with the thread segment close to the first drive assembly, a first sliding frame arranged on the upper end surface of the first sliding block 5321, and a first tensioning wheel 5322 arranged on the end of the first sliding frame. The first sliding block 5321 is matched with the sliding groove 534. The first sliding frame comprises a first vertical portion arranged on the upper end surface of the first sliding block 5321, and a first horizontal portion extending from the first vertical portion to the first transmission belt 513. The first vertical portion comprises a first fixed plate 5323 fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the first sliding block 5321, and first vertical plates 5324 oppositely arranged on the transverse sides of the first fixed plate 5323. The first horizontal portion comprises two first support plates 5325 arranged along the length direction of the support base 531. The two first support plates 5325 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the two first vertical plates 5324 and are parallel to each other. The distance between the two first support plates 5325 is matched with the width of the first transmission belt 513. The cross-sectional dimension of the two first support plates 5325 gradually decreases from away from the first transmission belt 513 to close to the first transmission belt 513 and forms a first mounting end 5326. The first tensioning wheel 5322 is rotatably arranged between the two first mounting ends 5326 and abuts against the inner side of the first transmission belt 513. The outer peripheral wall of the first tensioning wheel 5322 in contact with the first transmission belt 513 is provided with fifth limiting protrusions 5327 in limiting cooperation with the first limiting protrusions 514.

[0050] The second moving part 533 comprises a second slider 5331 threadedly connected with the threaded section close to the second driving assembly, a second sliding frame arranged on the upper end face of the second slider 5331, and a second tensioning wheel 5332 arranged at the end of the second sliding frame. The second slider 5331 is matched with the sliding groove 534, and the second sliding frame comprises a second vertical part arranged on the upper end face of the second slider 5331 and a second horizontal part extending from the second vertical part to the second transmission belt 523. The second vertical part comprises a second fixed plate 5333 fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the second slider 5331 and a second vertical plate 5334 arranged opposite to the two sides of the first fixed plate 5323. The second horizontal part comprises two second supporting plates 5335 arranged along the length direction of the support base 531, and the two second supporting plates 5335 are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other, and the distance between the two second supporting plates 5335 is matched with the width of the second transmission belt 523. The cross-sectional dimension of the two second supporting plates 5335 gradually decreases from far away from the second transmission belt 523 to close to the second transmission belt 523 and forms a second mounting end 5336, and the second tensioning wheel 5332 is rotatably arranged between the two second mounting ends 5336 and abuts against the inner side of the second transmission belt 523. The outer peripheral wall of the second tensioning wheel 5332 in contact with the second transmission belt 523 is provided with a sixth limiting protrusion 5337 matched with the third limiting protrusion 524.

[0051] The second support 4 has the same structure and working principle as the first support 3, and the second tensioning transmission assembly has the same structure and working principle as the first tensioning transmission assembly 5, so the details are not repeated.

[0052] The outer side wall of the inner cavity 610 is helically provided with heat-absorbing fins 6101 extending outward along the axial direction of the inner cavity 610, and the extending ends of the heat-absorbing fins 6101 abut against the inner side wall of the shell 611. The heat-absorbing fins 6101, the inner cavity 610 and the shell 611 jointly form a helically arranged cavity 61.

[0053] The cavity 61 is provided with an inspection channel 6104 communicated with the inner cavity 610, and an opening is arranged on the shell 611 corresponding to the position of the inspection channel 6104. The opening position is provided with a sealing door 6105.

[0054] One side of the shell 611 is provided with an air inlet pipe 620 communicated with the cavity 61, and the other side is provided with an air outlet pipe 621 communicated with the cavity 61, one side of the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 620 is communicated with an air pipe 6201, and the other side is communicated with a hot air pipe 6202 communicated with an air preheater, a mixing cover 622 is arranged at the air inlet meeting position of the air pipe 6201 and the hot air pipe 6202 in the air inlet pipe 620, and the cross section of the mixing cover 622 is a "U" shaped structure, and the opening direction of the mixing cover 622 is the same as the air inlet direction of the air inlet pipe 620.

[0055] The inner side wall of the discharge port position of the inner cavity 610 is provided with a support 6102, and the power motor 6103 is arranged on the support 6102, and the output end of the power motor 6103 vertically extends upwards and is connected with the transmission shaft 613.

[0056] The coal conveying assembly comprises at least two auger blades 612 arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting shaft 613 in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 613, and the blade width of each auger blade 612 is in a structure of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0057] The coal scraping mechanism comprises a base 63 sleeved on the connecting shaft 613, a supporting rod 630 connected with the base 63 and a scraper 631 obliquely connected with the supporting rod 630, and a connecting rod group is arranged between the scraper 631 and the connecting shaft 610, the connecting rod group comprises three connecting rods 632 arranged in parallel at equal distances from top to bottom, and the distance between the two connecting ends of each connecting rod 632 decreases in the axial direction of the obliquely arranged scraper 631.

[0058] Each connecting rod 632 is arranged in a curved manner, and the distance between the two connecting ends of each connecting rod 632 is taken as the diameter of the curve.

[0059] The supporting rod 630 and the scraper 631 are in an integrated structure, and a transition inclined surface 6311 is arranged on one side of the high end of the scraper 631 corresponding to the inner side wall of the coal hopper.

[0060] First and second baffle plates 633 and 634 are arranged on the left and right sides in the axial direction of the supporting rod 630 and the scraper 631 respectively, the baffle plates on the two sides and the outer side wall of the supporting rod 630 and the scraper 631 form a communicated "L" shaped groove, one side of the second baffle plate 634 abutting against the inner wall of the coal hopper is provided with a blade inclined surface 6341 with an outer low and inner high structure, and the other side is provided with a giving-in inclined surface 6342 flush with the plane of the outer side wall of the transition inclined surface 6311.

[0061] The use principle of the present application is as follows:

[0062] As Figures 1 to 11As shown, when the coal block needs to be crushed by the coal crushing mechanism, the first tensioning transmission assembly 5 and the second tensioning transmission assembly need to be started to drive the operation.

[0063] For example, the first driving assembly 51 in the first tensioning transmission assembly 5 is started, the first motor 510 drives the first main transmission wheel 511 to rotate, the first main transmission wheel 511 drives the first slave transmission wheel 512 to rotate through the first transmission belt 513, so that the first slave transmission wheel 512 drives the first driving gear 518 to rotate, the first driving gear 518 drives the first shaft 11 to rotate through the first outer gear 516, and drives the second shaft 21 to rotate in the direction opposite to the first shaft 11 through the first driven gear 519 and the second outer gear 517. The second motor 520 is started to rotate the third shaft and the fourth shaft in the same direction through the second transmission structure.

[0064] The coal to be crushed is put between the first crushing unit 1 and the second crushing unit 2, the coal block falls into the first crushing space 17 and the second crushing space 27, the first shaft 11 drives the first positive helical blade to rotate, the first positive helical blade and the first negative helical blade drive the first fin 14 and the first crushing tooth 15 to rotate in the same direction, the second positive helical blade and the second negative helical blade drive the second fin 24 and the second crushing tooth 25 to rotate in the same direction, the first fin 14 and the first crushing tooth 15 are embedded in the corresponding pitch space of the second crushing part opposite to the second shaft 21, and the second fin 24 and the second crushing tooth 25 are embedded in the corresponding pitch space of the first crushing part opposite to the first shaft 11, so as to cooperate to crush the coal block. At the same time, the first positive helical blade, the first negative helical blade, the second positive helical blade and the second negative helical blade also have the function of pushing the crushed coal block to the middle part of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 21, so as to facilitate the delivery of the coal block to the next link.

[0065] At the same time, the heat medium is introduced from the right end of the first hot drying channel 18, and after entering the first hot drying channel 18, the heat medium circulates from the first side of the first through plate 191 to the second side and then to the first side under the shielding of the first airflow disturbing piece 193 and the second airflow disturbing piece 194, and then passes through a plurality of first perforations 192 in turn and is discharged from the left side of the first hot drying channel 18. A plurality of first fins 14 and the first crushing tooth 15 are not only power points for tearing and extruding the lump coal, but also heat exchange surfaces, so that the path time of the high-temperature airflow organization inside the first hot drying channel 18 can be effectively prolonged, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. The working principle of the second path lengthening structure 29 is the same as that of the first path lengthening structure 19, and thus is not described in detail.

[0066] Since the rotating shaft has a certain weight and the crushed coal blocks need a certain force, as the use time increases, the transmission belt may be deformed, which will cause insufficient friction between the transmission belt and the corresponding main transmission wheel and driven wheel, affecting the synchronous rotation of the two rotating shafts in the same crushing mechanism. At this time, the transmission belt needs to be tensioned by the tensioning assembly 53.

[0067] That is, the third motor 536 is started, the third motor 536 rotates to drive the rotating rod 535 to rotate, because the directions of the two threaded segments on the rotating rod 535 are opposite, so the rotation of the rotating rod 535 drives the first sliding block 5321 and the second sliding block 5331 to move towards / away from each other through the two threaded segments. When the first sliding block 5321 and the second sliding block 5331 move towards each other, they will drive the first tensioning wheel 5322 and the second tensioning wheel 5332 to move towards each other through the first sliding frame and the second sliding frame respectively, thereby tensioning the first transmission belt 513 and the second transmission belt 523 respectively. The operation of the second tensioning transmission assembly is the same as that of the first tensioning transmission assembly 5, and thus is not described in detail.

[0068] At the same time, hot gas is discharged from the air preheater (not marked) and enters the air inlet pipe 620 through the hot gas pipe 6202, and at the same time, according to the requirement of using temperature, normal temperature gas is also drawn from the air pipe 6201 to adjust the gas temperature in the air inlet pipe 620. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the mixed gas, a mixing cover 622 is arranged at the air inlet convergence of the air pipe 6201 and the hot gas pipe 6202, like Figure 13As shown, its use principle is that the hot air and normal temperature air entering from both ends first have a little mixing after entering the air inlet pipe 620, and more is the rebound between the gases, and each rebounds to the position of each air inlet end. Under the action of the air pressure of the corresponding end, the hot gas and normal temperature air continue to flow along the pipe wall of the corresponding end of the air inlet pipe 620 and the outer side wall of the mixing cover 622. When the hot gas and normal temperature air flow to the opening position of the mixing cover 622, the gases at both ends will flow into the structure of the mixing cover 622 which is a "U" type, and fully mixed to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling. In order to accurately understand the temperature of the mixed gas, a temperature instrument 6203 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 620 corresponding to the position of the mixing cover 622. The fully mixed gas continues to flow into the cavity 61 through the air inlet pipe 620 under the action of air pressure and transmits heat to the inner cavity 610 through the air heat transfer to achieve the purpose of heating the peat in the inner cavity 610, and the water vapor in the peat is volatilized by heating to achieve the purpose of drying the coal.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 12 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 , when a large amount of peat enters the coal hopper, due to the non-vertical surface of the lower structure of the coal hopper and the moisture in the peat, it is easy to accumulate on the non-vertical surface. At this time, the power motor 6103 is started to synchronously drive the connecting shaft 613 and the sleeved base 63 to rotate, that is, the scraper 631 also synchronously rotates with the rotation of the base 63. Since the scraper 631 is provided with a blade inclined surface 6341 in the rotation direction, it is convenient to quickly scrape the coal. At the same time, the arrangement of the yield inclined surface 6342 also reduces the contact area between the scraper 631 and the inner side wall of the coal hopper, reduces the resistance of scraping the coal, and is flush with the plane where the outer side wall of the transition inclined surface 6311 is located. When the scraper 631 moves in the coal, the normal stress is reduced.

[0070] It should be noted that three connecting rods 632 are further connected between the connecting shaft 613 and the scraper 631. The distance between the two connecting ends of each connecting rod 632 decreases along the axial direction of the obliquely arranged scraper 631. Each connecting rod 632 is curved and the distance between the two connecting ends of each connecting rod 632 is the diameter of the curvature. The three connecting rods 632 with equal differences are arranged from top to bottom to form a tapered structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. In the synchronous rotation process with the connecting shaft 613, each connecting rod 632 moves in the coal, generates a gap after moving, and is beneficial to change the state of the accumulated coal, similar to the effect of loosening the soil, to achieve the purpose of loosening the accumulated coal. The first baffle 633, the second baffle 634, and the outer side wall of the scraper 631 form a continuous "L"-shaped groove, which is beneficial to orderly guide the loosened coal, make the internal part of the coal accumulation more orderly, and facilitate the coal discharge.

[0071] At the same time, the rotation of the connecting shaft 613 also synchronously drives the rotation of the three auger blades 612, and the rotation direction of the auger blades 612 is towards the discharge port at the lower end of the coal hopper. The blade width of the auger blades 612 is in a structure of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which facilitates the coal conveying and reduces the blockage in the coal discharging direction. At the same time, the support 6102 also adopts a cross-shaped structure, which maximizes the discharge amount of the discharge port of the coal hopper.

[0072] Finally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 12 , in order to facilitate maintenance, a maintenance hole is arranged on the wall of the inner cavity 610 corresponding to the position above the scraper 631. A maintenance passage 6104 is arranged in the spiral cavity 61 between the outer shell 611 and the inner cavity 610 and communicates with the maintenance hole. The maintenance passage 6104 is correspondingly provided with an opening on the outer shell 611, and a sealing door 6105 is arranged at the opening position. In use, the sealing door 6105 is opened, the worker comes to the maintenance hole position from the maintenance passage 6104, and climbs down to the inner cavity 610 along the three connecting rods 632, which facilitates the temporary maintenance of the scraper 631 or the auger blades 612 and other related components by the worker. At the same time, the maintenance passage 6104 is arranged at the position between the adjacent two cavities, so as to ensure the smooth flow of hot air in the spiral cavity 61.

Claims

1. A coal crushing anti-blocking device, characterized in that: The coal hopper comprises an inner cavity and an outer shell covering the outer side of the inner cavity, and a cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner cavity and communicates with the air preheater. An air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the outer shell and communicates with the cavity, and an air outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the outer shell and communicates with the cavity. An air pipe is arranged on one side of the air inlet pipe and communicates with the air inlet pipe, and a hot air pipe communicating with the air preheater is arranged on the other side of the air inlet pipe. A mixing cover is arranged in the air inlet pipe and corresponds to the air inlet and the hot air pipe. The cross section of the mixing cover is in the shape of "U", and the opening direction of the mixing cover is the same as the air inlet direction of the air inlet pipe. A transmission shaft is arranged to rotate in the inner cavity, and a coal scraping mechanism and a coal feeding assembly are arranged on the transmission shaft. The coal crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of crushing mechanisms. Each crushing mechanism comprises a first crushing unit and a second crushing unit rotating towards each other to cooperate with crushing. The first crushing unit and the second crushing unit are both provided with a heat drying channel for transmitting heat medium. In use, the coal crushed by the coal crushing mechanism falls into the coal hopper after preheating, and the air preheater provides hot air into the cavity to heat the accumulated coal in the inner cavity and discharge the attached water vapor. The coal scraping mechanism is used to scrape the coal attached to the inner side wall of the inner cavity and simultaneously stir the accumulated coal in the inner cavity, so as to be quickly removed from the discharge port of the inner cavity under the driving of the coal feeding assembly.

2. The coal crushing anti-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first crushing unit comprises a first shaft and a first crushing part arranged on the first shaft. The second crushing unit comprises a second shaft and a second crushing part arranged on the second shaft. The heat drying channel is arranged inside the first shaft and the second shaft and penetrates the corresponding shaft in the axial direction.

3. The coal crushing anti-blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first crushing part comprises a plurality of first blades uniformly distributed on the first shaft along the length direction of the first shaft. Each first blade is arranged around the outer periphery of the first shaft. The outer periphery of the first blade is uniformly and spacedly provided with a plurality of first crushing teeth. A first crushing groove is formed between each adjacent two first crushing teeth. The second crushing part comprises a plurality of second blades uniformly distributed on the second shaft along the length direction of the second shaft. A plurality of second blades and a plurality of first blades are arranged in pairs to form a crushing blade pair. Each second blade is arranged around the outer periphery of the second shaft. The outer periphery of the second blade is uniformly and spacedly provided with a plurality of second crushing teeth. A second crushing groove is formed between each adjacent two second crushing teeth. In each pair of crushing blade pairs, the first blade and the second blade are staggered along the length direction, and when the first blade and the second blade rotate towards each other around the respective shafts, the first crushing teeth and the second crushing teeth are at least partially dislocated in the length direction projection.

4. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 2, wherein: Each of the hot drying channels is provided with a path extension structure for extending the hot coal medium transmission path, the path extension structure comprises a plurality of first air flow disturbance parts uniformly spaced along the length direction of the hot drying channel and arranged on one side of the hot drying channel, and a plurality of second air flow disturbance parts uniformly spaced along the length direction of the hot drying channel and arranged on the other side of the hot drying channel, the plurality of first air flow disturbance parts and the plurality of second air flow disturbance parts are staggered distributed along the length direction of the hot drying channel.

5. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 1, wherein: The tensioning drive mechanism comprises a bracket and a tensioning transmission assembly arranged on the bracket; the bracket and the tensioning transmission assembly each comprise two groups located at both ends of the length direction of the coal crushing mechanism, each group of the tensioning transmission assembly comprises a driving assembly for driving the coal crushing device to operate and a tensioning assembly for tensioning the driving assembly.

6. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 1, wherein: The outer side wall of the inner cavity is spirally provided with heat-absorbing fins extending outward along the axial direction of the inner cavity, the extending ends of the heat-absorbing fins abut against the inner side wall of the shell, and the heat-absorbing fins, the inner cavity and the shell jointly form a spirally arranged cavity.

7. The coal crushing anti-blocking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A bracket is arranged on the inner side wall at the discharge port position of the inner cavity, a power motor is arranged on the bracket, the output end of the power motor extends vertically upward and is connected with a transmission shaft; the coal feeding assembly comprises at least two auger blades spirally arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting shaft along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and the blade width of each auger blade is in a structure of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

8. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 1, wherein: The coal scraping mechanism comprises a base sleeved on the connecting shaft, a support rod connected with the base, and a scraper obliquely connected with the support rod, a connecting rod group is connected between the scraper and the connecting shaft, the connecting rod group comprises three connecting rods equally and parallel arranged from top to bottom, and the distance between the two connecting ends of each connecting rod decreases equally along the axial direction of the obliquely arranged scraper.

9. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 8, wherein: First and second baffles are respectively arranged on the left and right sides along the axial direction of the support rod and the scraper, and the baffles on both sides and the outer side walls of the support rod and the scraper jointly form a continuous "L"-shaped groove.

10. The coal crushing anti-blocking device of claim 9, wherein: The second baffle is provided with a blade inclined surface with low outer side and high inner side abutting against one side of the inner wall of the coal hopper, and a yielding inclined surface flush with the plane where the outer side wall of the transition inclined surface is located on the other side.

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