An assembly device and assembly method for a cross axle joint

Abstract

The application discloses an assembling device of a cross shaft joint, which comprises a base, a spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism, a flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism and a turnover driving mechanism; the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism and the turnover driving mechanism are all installed on the upper surface of the base, and the turnover driving mechanism pushes the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism to rotate to realize the conversion between the horizontal state and the vertical state. The application also discloses an assembling method of the cross shaft joint. The application changes the vertical assembling of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft into horizontal assembling, thereby greatly reducing the safety hazards. The application enables the assembling of the flange fork and the cross shaft and the assembling of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft to be completed in the same device, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency, and the crane is not needed to be occupied except for the beginning and the end.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and relates to an assembling device and an assembling method of a cross shaft joint. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cross shaft joint is mainly composed of a spline shaft assembly, a cross shaft, a joint bearing, a flange fork, an oil cup and a hole retaining ring. The traditional assembling method of the cross shaft joint is as follows: the flange fork is horizontally placed on a workbench, the cross shaft is hoisted and placed into the bearing hole of the flange fork, the spline shaft assembly is vertically hoisted, two workers cooperate to place the other two shafts of the cross shaft into the bearing holes in the spline shaft assembly, then the whole is moved to the center of the workbench of a horizontal oil press, one worker places the joint bearing into the end face of the bearing hole, the other worker starts the oil press to press the joint bearing into the bearing hole, the spline shaft assembly is hoisted by a crane and rotated by 90°, the remaining three joint bearings are sequentially placed and pressed, then the oil cup and the hole retaining ring are installed, and then the whole is transported to the next process. Since the spline shaft assembly needs to be vertically hoisted during assembling, the crane needs to be assisted during pressing of the joint bearing, and two workers need to cooperatively operate to control the crane and the oil press, which will cause great safety production hidden danger in the workshop, and the production efficiency is also relatively low. If the total length of the joint exceeds the travel of the crane, the production is impossible.

[0003] The Chinese patent CN216178172U (publication date 2022.04.05) discloses a cross shaft assembly and fork head assembly device of a cross shaft type universal coupling, wherein the assembly method is: "... the third step is to rotate the flange fork head fixing device 33 on the turnover workbench 32 to the appropriate position, then turn over 90 degrees, and then move horizontally to above the lifting workbench 6, manually assist to tilt the cross shaft assembly 72 at a certain angle, and simultaneously move the spline sleeve assembly 8 to above the lifting workbench 6 and the cross shaft assembly 72 for pre-assembly (the height of the assembly fork head 82 is adjusted by the lifting device 42, and the front and rear positions are adjusted by the longitudinal moving device 49), then the other two ends of the cross shaft assembly 72 are assembled into the two bearing holes of the assembly fork head 82 through the bearing sleeve, and the pre-assembly of the cross shaft assembly and the spline sleeve assembly is completed;...". From the above, it can be seen that the disadvantages are: 1. The flange fork and the cross shaft need to be turned over 90 degrees and moved horizontally to above the lifting platform with manual tilting at a certain angle after assembly, that is, manual assistance is needed to adjust the angle and position of the cross shaft during the pre-assembly of the spline shaft assembly, the flange fork and the cross shaft, so as to facilitate the combination of the spline shaft assembly, the flange fork and the cross shaft; such operation needs to use a lifting appliance, manual assistance increases the risk, cannot guarantee the coaxiality of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft, needs further adjustment in the later period, and the assembly efficiency is low; 2. The assembly of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft is still vertical assembly, which has safety hazards; 3. After adjusting the height of the assembly fork head 82, the assembly fork head 82 is directly pushed to assemble with the cross shaft assembly 72, which is prone to interference between the assembly fork head 82 and the cross shaft assembly 72 during actual assembly process, seriously affecting the quality of the parts and the assembly efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an assembly device and assembly method of a cross shaft joint, so that the assembly of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft is changed from vertical assembly to horizontal assembly, which greatly reduces the safety hazards. At the same time, the assembly of the flange fork and the cross shaft and the assembly of the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft are completed in the same device, except that the lifting appliance is used for lifting at the beginning and the end, the lifting appliance is not occupied for the rest of the time, which greatly improves the production efficiency. In addition, the spline shaft assembly is rotated while the cross shaft is axially moved, which ensures the one-time assembly success of the two, improves the assembly quality and the assembly efficiency.

[0005] The assembly device of the cross shaft joint comprises a base, a spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism, a flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism and a turnover driving mechanism. The spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism and the turnover driving mechanism are all installed on the upper surface of the base, and the turnover driving mechanism drives the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism to rotate to realize the transformation between the horizontal state and the vertical state.

[0006] Further, the turnover driving mechanism comprises two front and rear turnover seats, two front and rear turnover shafts, a connecting shaft, a limiting plate and a cylinder; the two front and rear turnover seats are fixed on the base, the turnover shafts are arranged in the turnover seats and connected with the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism, the connecting shaft is arranged in the frame of the base and connected with the cylinder, the rod end of the cylinder is hinged with the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism, and the limiting plate is fixed on the right part of the horizontal surface of the base.

[0007] Further, the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism comprises a base frame, a positioning seat I, a positioning seat II, a sliding block, a rotating disc and a V-shaped block; the base frame is fixed on the upper surface of the base, the positioning seat I and the positioning seat II are arranged left and right, and the lower parts thereof are connected with the two front and rear X-direction guide rails on the base frame; the sliding block is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat I; the rotating disc is fixed on the right end surface of the sliding block; and the V-shaped block is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat II.

[0008] Further, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism comprises a base frame, a sliding block, a rotating disc, a cross shaft clamping unit and a joint bearing positioning unit; the front and rear lugs at the left end of the base frame are connected with the turnover seats through the turnover shafts; the sliding block is connected with the front and rear transverse guide rails on the base frame; the rotating disc, the joint bearing positioning unit and the cross shaft clamping unit are arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block, the rotating disc is located in the middle, the joint bearing positioning unit is located at the periphery of the rotating disc, and the cross shaft clamping unit is located at the periphery of the joint bearing positioning unit.

[0009] Further, the cross shaft clamping unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism I and two positioning rods; the three-axis screw mechanism I is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block, and the two positioning rods are coaxially arranged and connected with the three-axis screw mechanism I.

[0010] Further, the joint bearing positioning unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism II and two joint bearing positioning blocks; the three-axis screw mechanism II is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block, and the two joint bearing positioning blocks are arranged in parallel and at the same height and connected with the three-axis screw mechanism II.

[0011] The assembling method of the cross shaft joint comprises the following steps: 1, the turnover driving mechanism drives the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism to a horizontal state, and the installation and positioning between the flange fork and the cross shaft are performed; 2, the turnover driving mechanism drives the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism to a vertical state, and the assembling between the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft and the assembling of the joint bearing are performed; and 3, the assembling of the joint bearing between the flange fork and the cross shaft is performed.

[0012] Wherein, step one is specifically: I, cylinder work, make the base frame through the turnover shaft rotate to its bottom surface contact with the limiting plate around the turnover seat, at this time the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism are in horizontal state; II, the upper surface of the turntable is provided with corresponding positioning pins according to the end face mounting hole of different types of flange forks, the flange fork is connected with the turntable and fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the turntable, at this time the rotation center of the flange fork is coaxial with the center of the turntable, and the bearing hole of the flange fork is in horizontal state; III, the cross shaft is put into the flange fork, so that the two shaft heads of one axis are located in the bearing hole of the flange fork, at this time the two axes of the cross shaft are in horizontal state; IV, the three-axis screw rod mechanism I is started to move to the specified position, the turntable is rotated to make the two positioning rods tightly top the two ends of the shaft heads of the cross shaft located in the bearing hole of the flange fork; at this time, one axis of the cross shaft is coaxial with the bearing hole of the flange fork, and the other axis is in horizontal state and perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork.

[0013] Wherein, step two is specifically: I, cylinder work, push the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism to vertical state, at this time the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork are in horizontal state; II, the turntable moves up and down along the positioning seat I, the V-shaped block moves up and down along the positioning seat II, so that the centers of the turntable, the V-shaped block and the three-jaw chuck are at the same height; the spline shaft assembly is placed on the V-shaped block, the non-mounting end of the spline shaft assembly is fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the turntable, so that the rotation center of the spline shaft assembly is coaxial with the center of the turntable; III, the turntable drives the flange fork and the cross shaft to rotate 30°-45° and then stops, the spline shaft assembly moves towards the flange fork and the cross shaft; when the spline shaft assembly is about to interfere with the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork, the turntable starts to rotate in the opposite direction, and in the process of rotation, the spline shaft assembly continuously moves towards the flange fork and the cross shaft; when the turntable rotates back to the initial position, that is, the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork return to the horizontal state, the two shaft heads are just located in the two fork bearing holes of the spline shaft assembly; IV, the knuckle bearing is fixed on the knuckle bearing positioning block, the three-axis screw rod positioning mechanism II moves the knuckle bearing positioning block to the mounting position, and the knuckle bearing is pressed into the fork bearing hole of the spline shaft assembly through the left and right horizontal oil presses; the three-axis screw rod positioning mechanism II leaves the mounting position, and the oil cup and the hole are installed with a retaining ring according to the technical requirements.

[0014] Wherein, step three is specifically: I, the two positioning rods exit the clamping state to loosen the two shaft heads of the cross shaft, the turntable rotates 90°, the positioning rods tightly top the two ends of the shaft heads of the cross shaft which have been installed with the knuckle bearing, at this time the bearing holes at both ends of the flange fork are in horizontal state; II, the knuckle bearing is fixed on the knuckle bearing positioning block, the three-axis screw rod positioning mechanism II moves the knuckle bearing positioning block to the mounting position, and the knuckle bearing is pressed into the bearing hole of the flange fork through the left and right horizontal oil presses; the three-axis screw rod positioning mechanism II leaves the mounting position, and the oil cup and the hole are installed with a retaining ring according to the technical requirements.

[0015] The cross axle joint assembling device and assembling method have the following advantages: 1. The assembling of the flange fork and the cross axle and the assembling of the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle are completed in the same device. The positioning of the flange fork and the cross axle is performed when the overturning driving mechanism positions the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism in the horizontal position. The assembling between the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle and the assembling of the joint bearing are performed when the overturning driving mechanism positions the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism in the vertical state. Thus, the crane is not occupied during the whole assembling process except for the beginning and the end. Meanwhile, only one worker is needed to operate the device, which greatly improves the production efficiency. 2. The assembling between the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle is changed from vertical assembling to horizontal assembling, which greatly reduces the safety hazard. Meanwhile, the total length of the joint is no longer limited by the stroke of the crane. 3. The conversion between the horizontal state and the vertical state of the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism is performed by the overturning driving mechanism, which makes the spline shaft assembly coaxial with the cross axle, thereby ensuring the assembling. 4. The spline shaft assembly is axially moved while being rotated by the cross axle, which ensures the one-time assembling success of the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle, thereby improving the assembling quality and the assembling efficiency. 5. The positioning and movement of all parts are driven by the servo motor and the lead screw, which is accurate and convenient to operate. The parts are transferred by the robot, thereby realizing the automatic production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the cross axle joint assembling device of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a front view of the assembling device of the present application Figure 1 (the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism are in the vertical state);

[0018] Figure 3 is a front view of the assembling device of the present application Figure 2 (the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism are in the horizontal state);

[0019] Figure 4 is a combined perspective view of the base and the overturning driving mechanism;

[0020] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism;

[0021] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism Figure 2 (remove the cross axle clamping unit);

[0023] Figure 8is the perspective view of the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism after the flange fork and the cross shaft are installed;

[0024] Figure 9 is the perspective view of the assembly device after the flange fork and the cross shaft are installed (the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism is in a horizontal state);

[0025] Figure 10 is the perspective view of the assembly device after the flange fork and the cross shaft are installed (the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism is in a vertical state);

[0026] Figure 11 is the perspective view of the assembly device after the spline shaft assembly, the flange fork and the cross shaft are all installed Figure 1 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] From Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 It can be known that the assembly device of the cross shaft joint of the present application comprises a base 1, a spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism 2, a flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3, and a turnover driving mechanism 4. The spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism 2, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3, and the turnover driving mechanism 4 are all installed on the upper surface of the base 1. The turnover driving mechanism 4 pushes the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 to rotate to realize the conversion between the horizontal state and the vertical state.

[0030] In the assembly device of the present application: the function of the base 1 is to support the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism 2, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3, and the turnover driving mechanism 4 to ensure the positioning accuracy of the parts; the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism 2 drives the spline shaft assembly to be accurately positioned; the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 is rotated to the horizontal position by the turnover driving mechanism 4 to position the flange fork and the cross shaft, and then is rotated to the vertical state by the turnover driving mechanism 4 to be assembled with the spline shaft assembly and the joint bearing.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] From Figure 4It can be known that the assembling device: the turnover driving mechanism 4 comprises two front and rear turnover seats 41, two front and rear turnover shafts 42, a connecting shaft 43, a limiting plate 44 and a cylinder 45; the two front and rear turnover seats 41 are fixed on the base 1, the turnover shaft 42 is arranged in the turnover seat 41 and is connected with the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3, the connecting shaft 43 is arranged in the frame of the base 1 and is connected with the cylinder part of the cylinder 45, the rod end of the cylinder 45 is hinged with the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3, and the limiting plate 44 is fixed on the right part of the plane of the base 1.

[0033] The cylinder 45 works, drives the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 to rotate around the turnover shaft 42, and realizes the conversion of the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 between the horizontal state and the vertical state.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] From Figure 5 It can be known that the assembling device: the spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism 2 comprises a base frame 21, a positioning seat I 22, a positioning seat II 23, a sliding block 24, a rotating disc 25 and a V-shaped block 26; the base frame 21 is fixed on the upper surface of the base 1, the positioning seat I 22 and the positioning seat II 23 are arranged left and right, and the lower parts are connected with the two front and rear X-direction guide rails on the base frame 21; the sliding block 24 is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat I 22; the rotating disc 25 is fixed on the right end surface of the sliding block 24; and the V-shaped block 26 is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat II 23.

[0036] The servo motor works, drives the positioning seat I 22 and the positioning seat II 23 to move left and right along the two front and rear X-direction guide rails, so that the spline shaft assembly moves, and the distance between the spline shaft assembly and the flange fork is accurately positioned; the three-jaw chuck on the rotating disc 25 can fix the spline shaft assembly; the servo motor works, drives the rotating disc 25 to move up and down along the positioning seat I 22 through the sliding block 24; and the V-shaped block 26 is a support for the spline shaft assembly, and the spline shaft assembly is moved up and down along the positioning seat II 23 through the servo motor, so that the rotation center of the spline shaft assembly is coaxial with the center of the rotating disc 25.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] From Figure 6 , Figure 7 It can be known that the assembling device: the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 comprises a base frame 31, a sliding block 32, a rotating disc 34, a cross shaft clamping unit and a knuckle bearing positioning unit; the front and rear lugs at the left end of the base frame 31 are connected with the turnover seat 41 through the turnover shaft 42; the sliding block 32 is connected with the front and rear transverse guide rails on the base frame 31; the rotating disc 34, the knuckle bearing positioning unit and the cross shaft clamping unit are all arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block 32; the rotating disc 34 is located in the middle; the knuckle bearing positioning unit is located at the periphery of the rotating disc 34; and the cross shaft clamping unit is located at the periphery of the knuckle bearing positioning unit.

[0039] When the right part of the bottom surface of the base frame 31 contacts with the limiting plate 44, the base frame 31 is in a horizontal state, at this time, the flange fork and the oldham shaft are assembled: the flange fork is positioned by the end face hole and the rotating disc 34 and is clamped by the three-jaw chuck on the rotating disc 34, the center line of the bearing hole of the flange fork is always kept in a horizontal state to ensure the assembly precision; the oldham shaft clamping unit ensures that the oldham shaft is in the installation position to meet the assembly of the spline shaft assembly; the joint bearing positioning unit drives the joint bearing to accurately reach the installation position; the servo motor works, and the rotating disc 34, the oldham shaft clamping unit and the joint bearing positioning unit can be moved relative to the base frame 31 through the sliding block 32.

[0040] Embodiment 5

[0041] It can be known from Figure 6 、 Figure 7 that the assembly device of the application: the oldham shaft clamping unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism I 33 and two positioning rods 37; the three-axis screw mechanism I 33 is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block 32, and the two positioning rods 37 are coaxially arranged and connected with the three-axis screw mechanism I 33.

[0042] The three-axis screw mechanism I 33 itself can realize movement along the XYZ three axes, thereby driving the two positioning rods 37 to move to the oldham shaft installation position to realize compression of the two ends of the same axis of the oldham shaft.

[0043] Embodiment 6

[0044] It can be known from Figure 6 、 Figure 7 that the assembly device of the application: the joint bearing positioning unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism II 35 and two joint bearing positioning blocks 36; the three-axis screw mechanism II 35 is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block 32, and the two joint bearing positioning blocks 36 are arranged in parallel and at the same height and connected with the three-axis screw mechanism II 35.

[0045] The three-axis screw mechanism II 35 itself can realize movement along the XYZ three axes, thereby enabling the two joint bearing positioning blocks 36 to drive the two joint bearings to accurately reach the installation position to realize compression of the bearings.

[0046] Embodiment 7

[0047] The assembly method of the oldham joint of the application comprises the following steps:

[0048] I. The overturning driving mechanism 4 drives the flange fork and the oldham shaft positioning mechanism 3 to the horizontal state, and the installation and positioning between the flange fork and the oldham shaft are performed, as shown in Figure 8 、 Figure 9 .

[0049] I. The cylinder 45 works, the base frame 31 is rotated to its bottom surface contacting with the limiting plate 44 through the turnover shaft 42 around the turnover seat 41, at this time the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 is in the horizontal state;

[0050] II. The upper surface of the turntable 34 is provided with corresponding positioning pins according to the end surface mounting hole of the flange fork of different models, the flange fork 51 is connected with the turntable and is fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the turntable 34, at this time the rotation center of the flange fork is coaxial with the center of the turntable 34, and the bearing hole of the flange fork is in the horizontal state;

[0051] III. The cross shaft 52 is put into the flange fork, and the two shaft heads of one axis are located in the bearing hole of the flange fork, at this time the two axes of the cross shaft are in the horizontal state;

[0052] IV. The three-axis screw mechanism I 33 is moved to the specified position by starting the servo motor, the turntable 34 is rotated to make the two positioning rods 37 tightly abut against the two ends of the shaft heads of the cross shaft located in the bearing hole of the flange fork; at this time one axis of the cross shaft is coaxial with the bearing hole of the flange fork, the other axis is in the horizontal state and is perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork;

[0053] II. The flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 are driven by the turnover driving mechanism 4 to the vertical state, the assembly of the spline shaft and the cross shaft and the assembly of the joint bearing are carried out, as shown in Figure 10 、 Figure 11 ,

[0054] I. The cylinder 45 works, the flange fork and the cross shaft positioning mechanism 3 (including the flange fork and the cross shaft) are pushed to the vertical state, at this time the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork are in the horizontal state;

[0055] II. The turntable 25 moves up and down along the positioning seat I 22, the V-shaped block 26 moves up and down along the positioning seat II 23, so that the centers of the turntable 25, the V-shaped block 26 and the turntable 34 are at the same height; the spline shaft assembly 53 is placed on the V-shaped block 26, the non-mounting end of the spline shaft assembly is fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the turntable 25, so that the rotation center of the spline shaft assembly is coaxial with the center of the turntable 25;

[0056] III. The turntable 34 drives the flange fork and the cross shaft to rotate 30°-45° and then stops, the spline shaft assembly moves towards the flange fork and the cross shaft; when the spline shaft assembly is about to interfere with the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork, the turntable 34 starts to rotate in the opposite direction, in the process of rotation, the spline shaft assembly continuously moves towards the flange fork and the cross shaft, when the turntable rotates back to the initial position, that is, the two shaft heads of the axis of the cross shaft perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork return to the horizontal state, the two shaft heads are just located in the two fork bearing holes of the spline shaft assembly;

[0057] IV. Fix the spherical plain bearing onto the spherical plain bearing positioning block 36. The three-axis lead screw positioning mechanism II 35 moves the spherical plain bearing positioning block to the installation position and presses the spherical plain bearing into the fork bearing hole of the spline shaft assembly through the horizontal hydraulic presses on both sides (not shown in the figure). The three-axis lead screw positioning mechanism II 35 leaves the installation position, and the oil cup and hole are installed with retaining rings according to the technical requirements.

[0058] 3. Assemble the spherical bearing between the flange fork and the cross shaft:

[0059] Ⅰ. When the two positioning rods 37 are released from the clamping state, the two shaft heads of the cross shaft are released, the turntable 34 rotates 90°, and the positioning rods 37 press against the two ends of the shaft head of the cross shaft with the spherical bearing installed. At this time, the bearing holes at both ends of the flange fork are in a horizontal state.

[0060] II. Fix the spherical plain bearing onto the spherical plain bearing positioning block 36. The three-axis lead screw positioning mechanism II 35 moves the spherical plain bearing positioning block to the installation position and presses the spherical plain bearing into the bearing hole of the flange fork through the horizontal hydraulic presses on both sides (not shown in the figure). The three-axis lead screw positioning mechanism II 35 leaves the installation position and installs the oil cup and hole with retaining rings according to the technical requirements.

[0061] After all the components of the cross joint are assembled, the cross joint is transferred to the next process by hoisting.

[0062] The rotational speed of the turntable 34 is matched with the moving speed of the positioning seat I 22 and the positioning seat II 23, so that when the turntable rotates back to its initial position, that is, when the two shaft heads of the cross shaft perpendicular to the flange fork bearing hole return to the horizontal state, the other two shaft heads are exactly located in the two fork bearing holes of the spline shaft assembly.

[0063] The cross axle joint assembling device and assembling method have the following advantages: 1. The flange fork and the cross axle are assembled in the same device, the positioning of the flange fork and the cross axle is performed when the overturning driving mechanism makes the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism in the horizontal position, the assembly between the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle and the assembly of the joint bearing are performed when the overturning driving mechanism makes the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism in the vertical state, thus, during the whole assembling process, the crane is not occupied except for the beginning and the end, only one worker is needed to operate the device, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; 2. The assembly between the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle is changed from vertical assembly to horizontal assembly, the safety hidden danger is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the total length of the joint is no longer limited by the stroke of the crane; 3. The conversion between the horizontal state and the vertical state of the flange fork and the cross axle positioning mechanism is performed through the overturning driving mechanism, the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle are coaxial, and the assembly is ensured; 4. The spline shaft assembly is axially moved while the cross axle is rotated, the one-time assembly of the spline shaft assembly and the cross axle is ensured, and the assembly quality and the assembly efficiency are improved; 5. All the positioning and movement of the parts are driven by the servo motor and the lead screw, the positioning is accurate, the operation is convenient, the parts are transferred by the robot hand, and the automatic production is realized.

[0064] In summary, the assembling process is changed from vertical assembly to horizontal assembly, the use of the crane is reduced, the safety hidden danger is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the cross axle joint assembling device can be applied to the assembling of cross axle joints of various specifications.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a cross-shaped joint, characterized in that: The method adopts an assembling device of the cross shaft joint, and the assembling device comprises a base (1), a spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism (2), a flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3), and a turnover driving mechanism (4). The spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism (2), the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3), and the turnover driving mechanism (4) are all installed on the upper surface of the base (1), the turnover driving mechanism (4) drives the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3) to rotate to realize the conversion between the horizontal state and the vertical state. The method comprises the following steps:

1. The turnover driving mechanism drives the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism to the horizontal state, and the installation and positioning between the flange fork and the cross shaft are performed; 2. The turnover driving mechanism drives the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism to the vertical state, and the assembly between the spline shaft assembly and the cross shaft and the assembly of the joint bearing are performed; 3. The assembly of the joint bearing between the flange fork and the cross shaft is performed. The step 2 specifically comprises: Ⅰ. The cylinder works to drive the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism to the vertical state, at this time, the two shaft heads of the axis perpendicular to the flange fork bearing hole in the cross shaft are in the horizontal state; Ⅱ. The rotating disc moves up and down along the positioning seat I, the V-shaped block moves up and down along the positioning seat II, the centers of the rotating disc, the V-shaped block, and the rotating disc are at the same height; the spline shaft assembly is placed on the V-shaped block, the non-installation end of the spline shaft assembly is fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the rotating disc, and the rotation center of the spline shaft assembly is coaxial with the center of the rotating disc; Ⅲ. The rotating disc drives the flange fork and cross shaft to rotate by 30-45 degrees and then stops, the spline shaft assembly moves towards the flange fork and cross shaft; when the spline shaft assembly is about to interfere with the two shaft heads of the axis perpendicular to the flange fork bearing hole in the cross shaft, the rotating disc starts to rotate in the opposite direction, in the process of rotation, the spline shaft assembly continuously moves towards the flange fork and cross shaft, when the rotating disc rotates back to the initial position, i.e. the two shaft heads of the axis perpendicular to the flange fork bearing hole in the cross shaft return to the horizontal state, the two shaft heads are just located in the two fork head bearing holes of the spline shaft assembly; Ⅳ. The joint bearing is fixed on the joint bearing positioning block, the three-axis screw positioning mechanism II moves the joint bearing positioning block to the installation position, and the joint bearing is pressed into the fork head bearing hole of the spline shaft assembly through the left and right horizontal oil presses; the three-axis screw positioning mechanism II leaves the installation position, and the oil cup and the hole are installed according to the technical requirements through the retaining ring.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the turning over is characterized by The driving mechanism (4) comprises front and rear turnover seats (41), front and rear turnover shafts (42), a connecting shaft (43), a limiting plate (44), and a cylinder (45). The front and rear turnover seats (41) are fixed on the base (1), the turnover shafts (42) are arranged in the turnover seats (41) and connected with the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3), the connecting shaft (43) is arranged in the frame of the base (1) and connected with the cylinder part of the cylinder (45), the rod end of the cylinder (45) is hinged with the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3), and the limiting plate (44) is fixed on the right part of the plane of the base (1).

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The spline shaft assembly positioning mechanism (2) comprises a base frame (21), a positioning seat I (22), a positioning seat II (23), a sliding block (24), a rotating disc (25), and a V-shaped block (26). The base frame (21) is fixed on the upper surface of the base (1). The positioning seat I (22) and the positioning seat II (23) are arranged on the left and right sides and are connected with the front and rear X-direction guide rails on the base frame (21) at the lower parts. The sliding block (24) is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat I (22). The rotating disc (25) is fixed on the right end surface of the sliding block (24). The V-shaped block (26) is connected with the Z-direction guide rail on the positioning seat II (23).

4. The method of assembling as defined in claim 2, wherein the flanges are tapered. The fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism (3) comprises a base frame (31), a sliding block (32), a rotating disc (34), a cross shaft clamping unit, and a knuckle bearing positioning unit. The front and rear lugs at the left end of the base frame (31) are connected with the turnover seat (41) through the turnover shaft (42). The sliding block (32) is connected with the front and rear horizontal guide rails on the base frame (31). The rotating disc (34), the knuckle bearing positioning unit, and the cross shaft clamping unit are arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block (32). The rotating disc (34) is located in the middle. The knuckle bearing positioning unit is located at the periphery of the rotating disc (34). The cross shaft clamping unit is located at the periphery of the knuckle bearing positioning unit.

5. The method of assembling according to claim 4, wherein: The cross shaft clamping unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism I (33) and two positioning rods (37). The three-axis screw mechanism I (33) is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block (32). The two positioning rods (37) are coaxially arranged and connected with the three-axis screw mechanism I (33).

6. The method of assembling according to claim 4, wherein: The knuckle bearing positioning unit comprises a three-axis screw mechanism II (35) and two knuckle bearing positioning blocks (36). The three-axis screw mechanism II (35) is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block (32). The two knuckle bearing positioning blocks (36) are arranged in parallel and at the same height and are connected with the three-axis screw mechanism II (35).

7. The method of assembling according to claim 1, wherein: Step one is specifically as follows: I. The cylinder works, and the base frame is rotated around the turnover seat through the turnover shaft until the bottom surface of the base frame is in contact with the limiting plate. At this time, the flange fork and cross shaft positioning mechanism is in a horizontal state. II. The upper surface of the rotating disc is provided with corresponding positioning pins according to the end surface mounting holes of different types of flange forks. The flange fork is connected with the rotating disc and is fixed through the three-jaw chuck on the rotating disc. At this time, the rotation center of the flange fork is coaxial with the center of the rotating disc, and the bearing hole of the flange fork is in a horizontal state. III. The cross shaft is placed in the flange fork, and the two shaft heads of one axis are located in the bearing hole of the flange fork. At this time, the two axes of the cross shaft are in a horizontal state. IV. The three-axis screw mechanism I is moved to a specified position by starting the servo motor. The rotating disc is rotated to make the two positioning rods tightly press the two ends of the shaft head of the cross shaft located in the bearing hole of the flange fork. At this time, one axis of the cross shaft is coaxial with the bearing hole of the flange fork, and the other axis is in a horizontal state and perpendicular to the bearing hole of the flange fork.

8. The method of assembling according to claim 1, wherein: Step three is specifically as follows: I. The two positioning rods are out of the clamping state and loosen the two shaft heads of the cross shaft. The rotating disc is rotated by 90°. The positioning rods tightly press the two ends of the shaft head of the cross shaft which has been equipped with knuckle bearings. At this time, the bearing holes at the two ends of the flange fork are in a horizontal state. Ⅱ, joint bearing is fixed on joint bearing positioning block, three-axis screw positioning mechanism II moves joint bearing positioning block to installation position, and through left and right two sides of horizontal oil pressure machine, joint bearing is pressed into bearing hole of flange fork; three-axis screw positioning mechanism II leaves installation position, and oil cup and hole are installed according to technical requirements with baffle ring.

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