Aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a lightweight welding fixture for aircraft ducts and a method for using the same, belonging to the technical field of aircraft duct welding fixture research and development. The fixture includes two parallel linear guide rails, a fixed shaft seat fixed on a guide rail slider, and the two are arranged in pairs on two linear guide rails after being combined, and connected to a fixed shaft, a component connecting shaft, a guide shaft, a baffle, a support fixing clamp, a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft, a V-shaped thin sheet, a fixed shaft seat, a universal cross fixing clamp, a linear bearing fixing seat, a guide shaft support, a transition shaft seat and a positioning ring, etc. are combined with each other into a variety of combination units, and the combination unit is clamped on the fixed shaft. The type and quantity of the combination unit are selected according to the shape of the duct to locate the spatial position of the duct and realize the precise connection of the end pipe. The present invention reduces the accumulated error caused by the excessive use of components in the original slot-based welding combination fixture, and the lightweight welding fixture is faster and more accurate in ensuring the spatial angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft duct welding fixture research and development, and relates to a lightweight welding fixture for aircraft ducts and a method for using the fixture, and in particular to the lightweight design and reconfigurability of aircraft ducts. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of aircraft components, the duct exists in a complex space inside the fuselage. Therefore, in order to meet the direction inside the fuselage, the duct has many special-shaped duct structures.

[0003] Special-shaped catheters are not formed in one piece; instead, they are assembled and welded together in sections. Therefore, when processing special-shaped catheter welded parts, welding fixtures are essential as they serve as positioning tools to complete catheter manufacturing. Combined welding fixtures are indispensable.

[0004] The combined welding fixture is designed and assembled using the slot-type combined fixture components used in machine tool processing of parts. Figure 2 The figure in the middle is a schematic diagram of the slot system components, including keyway base plate, keyway, V-shaped support, keyway positioning angle iron and other conventional slot system combination fixture components. Figure 3 This is a combined fixture for welding conduits, assembled from slotted components. Its advantages include reconfigurability, good stability, and high positioning accuracy, enabling rapid manufacturing and assembly. However, it is heavy, with an average weight exceeding 30 kilograms, and has a relatively large volume, approximately 0.1 square meters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, in order to achieve the purpose of weight reduction, rapid reconfiguration, flexibility and high versatility, the present invention provides a lightweight welding fixture for aircraft ducts and its use method, and selects some common parts such as guide rails, guide rail sliders, guide shaft supports, ball screws, etc. ( Figure 4 Based on the technical requirements and structural characteristics of duct welding fixtures, the team independently designed several specialized components for these fixtures (Figure 5) to compensate for the performance deficiencies of standard components. Ultimately, they developed a lightweight, reliable, economical, and rapidly reconfigurable duct welding fixture. This design primarily utilizes holes and shafts as the connecting structure, employing M5 hexagon socket bolts to secure components of varying sizes. This allows for long-distance movement of the linear guide rail and locking in place, meeting the requirements for lightweight and rapidly reconfigurable aircraft duct welding fixtures.

[0006] A lightweight welding fixture for an aircraft duct comprises a component connecting shaft 1, a guide shaft 2, a baffle 3, a fixed shaft 5, a linear guide rail 6, a guide rail slider 7, a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin sheet 9, a fixed shaft seat 10, a universal cross fixing clamp 11, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, a guide shaft support 13, a transition shaft seat 14, and a positioning ring 15.

[0007] The fixed shaft 5, linear guide 6, guide rail slider 7, and fixed shaft seat 10 constitute a basic unit; the linear guide 6 is provided with two parallel arranged ones; the guide rail slider 7 slides with the linear guide 6, and a plurality of guide rail sliders 7 are provided and used in pairs, with the two guide rail sliders 7 of each pair symmetrically arranged on the two linear guides 6; the fixed shaft seat 10 is provided with a plurality of fixed shaft seats, which are also used in pairs, and the lower ends of each pair of fixed shaft seats 10 are fixedly connected to the two paired guide rail sliders 7 and can slide along the linear guide 6 with the guide rail sliders 7. The upper portion of the fixed shaft seat 10 is formed with through holes, and the through holes on each pair of fixed shaft seats 10 are arranged opposite each other. The two ends of the fixed shaft 5 are inserted into the through holes of the two fixed shaft seats 10 and fixedly connected. The number of the fixed shaft 5, guide rail sliders 7, and fixed shaft seat 10 is determined according to the actual situation of the catheter.

[0008] By combining the component connecting shaft 1, the guide shaft 2, the baffle 3, the V-shaped thin sheet connecting shaft 8, the V-shaped thin sheet 9, the fixed shaft seat 10, the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the linear bearing fixing seat 12, the guide shaft support 13, the transition shaft seat 14 and the positioning ring 15, four component units with different functions are formed, namely the first component unit, the second component unit, the third component unit and the fourth component unit.

[0009] The first component unit is used to locate the end of the catheter, and includes a guide shaft 2, a baffle 3, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, a guide shaft support 13, a transition shaft seat 14, and a positioning ring 15. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is a standard part, which is clamped on the fixed shaft 5; the guide shaft support 13 is a standard part, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12; the transition shaft seat 14 is a standard part, and its lower end is clamped and fixed in the inner cavity of the upper end of the guide shaft support 13 through the guide shaft 2. Another guide shaft 2 is clamped in the cavity of the transition shaft seat 14, and its axis is arranged in a horizontal direction and can slide in the cavity of the transition shaft seat 14. A baffle 3 is clamped and fixed at one end of the guide shaft 2, and its end face is perpendicular to the axis of the guide shaft 2. It is used to position the end pipe of the catheter to be connected, and the baffle 3 is away from the transition shaft seat. The guide shaft 2 on the inner side of 14 is sleeved with a stepped pin. The stepped pin is an annular structure with different outer diameter specifications. Its inner diameter is fixedly connected to the guide shaft 2. The outer diameter is selected according to the inner diameter of the end tube to be connected. It is used to fit the end tube to fix the end tube and ensure that the end tube is coaxial with the guide shaft 2. The positioning ring 15 is a standard part. It is fixedly connected to the other end of the guide shaft 2. The positioning ring 15 and the baffle 3 are located on both sides of the transition shaft seat 14. When the positioning ring 15 fits with the outer end surface of the transition shaft seat 14, the guide shaft 2 is locked by the transition shaft seat 14. At this time, it is the theoretical position of the end tube to be connected. The inner end surface of the baffle 3 is the positioning surface. The first component unit is provided in two groups. The inner end surfaces of the baffles 3 of the two groups are opposite. They are arranged at the outermost ends of the two ends of the linear guide rail 6 to position the end tubes to be connected at both ends of the catheter.

[0010] The second component unit is used to locate the height position of the catheter, and includes a component connecting shaft 1, a V-shaped thin plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin plate 9, a fixed shaft seat 10, a cross fixing clamp 11, and a linear bearing fixing seat 12. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is clamped on the fixed shaft 5; the fixed shaft seat 10 is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12, and the component connecting shaft 1 is clamped in the through hole on the upper part of the fixed shaft seat 10; the universal cross fixing clamp 11 is a standard part, one hole of which is clamped on one end of the component connecting shaft 1 according to the required position, and the other hole clamps the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8, and the top of the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8 is fixedly connected with a V-shaped thin film 9, and the V-shaped surface of the upper end of the V-shaped thin film 9 is used to support the catheter; by adjusting the clamping position of the linear bearing fixing seat 12 on the fixed shaft 5, the clamping position of the universal cross fixing clamp 11 on the component connecting shaft 1, and the clamping position of the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8 on the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the positioning of the catheter in the length direction and height direction is achieved; by adjusting the angle of the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the support angle of the V-shaped thin film 9 to the catheter is controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin film 9 is the positioning surface.

[0011] The third assembly unit, used to locate the spatial angular position of the catheter, comprises a V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin-plate 9, and a universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11 is clamped onto the fixed shaft 5, and the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 is clamped into another hole of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The V-shaped thin-plate 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8. The spatial angular position of the catheter is controlled by adjusting the clamping position of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11 on the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 and the angle of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-plate 9 serves as the positioning surface.

[0012] The fourth component unit is used to locate the height position of the catheter and includes a V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin-plate 9, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, and a guide shaft support 13. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is clamped on the fixed shaft 5, the guide shaft support 13 is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12, the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 is clamped in the inner cavity at the upper end of the guide shaft support 13, and the V-shaped thin-plate 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 to support the catheter; by adjusting the clamping position and rotation angle of the linear bearing fixing seat 12 on the fixed shaft 5, and the clamping position of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 on the guide shaft support 13, the height position and spatial angular position of the catheter are controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-plate 9 serves as the positioning surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the quantity and arrangement order of the four types of component units are determined according to the actual shape of the catheter, and one or more component units are installed on a fixed shaft 5 .

[0014] Furthermore, the fourth component unit also includes a pillar fixing clamp 4, which is a standard part and has two or three through holes in the same direction arranged side by side. One of the through holes is clamped and fixed to the guide shaft support 13 through the guide shaft 2, and the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft 8 is clamped in another hole of the pillar fixing clamp 4. When multiple component units are installed on the fixed shaft 5, the pillar fixing clamp 4 is used to avoid interference between the two component units, and the type of the pillar fixing clamp 4 is determined according to the positioning requirements of the catheter.

[0015] A method for using a lightweight welding fixture for an aircraft duct, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Assemble the lightweight welding fixture. Determine the required component unit types and quantities based on the actual shape of the conduit, along with the corresponding number of guide rails 7, fixed shaft seats 10, and fixed shafts 5. Install the component units on the fixed shafts 5 in sequence, adjusting the guide rails 7 and the components within each component unit to their desired positions.

[0017] Step 2: Preparation: Place the lightweight welding fixture on the work platform and move the guide shaft 2 of the first assembly unit outward from the theoretical position until the baffle 3 fits into the transition shaft seat 14 .

[0018] Step 3: Rough Machining. Place the middle section of the conduit on the other component units except the first one, ensuring that the outer diameter of the conduit fits seamlessly with the V-shaped surfaces of all V-shaped sheets 9 to achieve spatial positioning of the conduit. Mark both ends of the middle section of the conduit or the end pipe to be connected, leaving margins and removing any excess margins to complete the rough machining of the middle section of the conduit or the end pipe.

[0019] Step 4: Finishing. Install the end tube to be connected on the stepped pin of the first assembly unit, making it coaxial with the guide shaft 2 and with the outer end face of the end tube completely in contact with the baffle 3. Push the guide shaft 2 toward the theoretical position of the end tube, that is, the position where the locating ring 15 and the transition shaft seat 14 are completely in contact. Since the middle tube or end tube has a margin, the finishing amount of the middle tube or end tube is determined by checking the gap between the locating ring 15 and the transition shaft seat 14. Finish the middle tube or end tube to the theoretical position. After finishing, push the end tube to the theoretical position.

[0020] Step 5: Welding: Spot weld several locations at the junction of the end pipe and the middle pipe. After completion, remove the pipe and perform full welding.

[0021] Step 6: Self-check: Reset the fully welded conduit onto the lightweight welding fixture. Compare the jointed conduit and the positioning surfaces of the lightweight welding fixture to see if they are fully aligned to confirm whether there is any welding deformation.

[0022] Repeat steps 1 to 6 to connect the next end pipe until the entire conduit is welded.

[0023] Beneficial Effects of the Invention: The design and use of a completely new conduit welding fixture is a novel experiment and innovation. This lightweight welding fixture improves upon the inconvenience of slot-type welding fixtures during conduit welding, both in terms of structure and assembly principles. It reduces the accumulated errors caused by the overuse of existing components and offers faster and more accurate spatial angle assurance.

[0024] The design and use of this lightweight welding fixture has been proven in practice to save time and effort, and greatly improve the flexibility of the catheter welding fixture structure. The total weight of the lightweight catheter welding fixture is 60% lower than that of the slot welding combination fixture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lightweight welding fixture structure.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of some components of the existing slot system combination fixture.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the existing slot system combination fixture structure.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of some common parts and standard parts.

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of some self-made parts, where a and b are fixed shaft seats, and c is a V-shaped sheet connecting the shaft and the V-shaped sheet.

[0030] In the figure: 1 component connecting shaft; 2 guide shaft; 3 baffle; 4 pillar fixing clamp; 5 fixed shaft; 6 linear guide; 7 guide rail slider; 8 V-type thin plate connecting shaft; 9 V-type thin plate; 10 fixed shaft seat; 11 universal cross fixing clamp; 12 linear bearing fixing seat; 13 guide shaft support; 14 transition shaft seat; 15 positioning ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention are described below in a clear and complete manner, with examples of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments improved or modified by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A lightweight welding fixture for an aircraft duct, comprising a component connecting shaft 1, a guide shaft 2, a baffle 3, a support fixing clamp 4, a fixed shaft 5, a linear guide rail 6, a guide rail slider 7, a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin-sheet 9, a fixed shaft seat 10, a universal cross fixing clamp 11, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, a guide shaft support 13, a transition shaft seat 14, and a positioning ring 15. Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and as shown in Figure 5.

[0033] The fixed shaft 5, linear guide 6, guide rail slider 7, and fixed shaft seat 10 form a basic unit. Two linear guides 6 are provided, arranged in parallel. The guide rail slider 7 slides in conjunction with the linear guide 6. Several guide rail sliders 7 are provided and used in pairs, with the two guide rail sliders 7 of each pair symmetrically arranged on the two linear guides 6. Several fixed shaft seats 10 are provided and also used in pairs. The lower ends of each pair of fixed shaft seats 10 are fixedly connected to the two paired guide rail sliders 7 and can slide along the linear guide 6 with the guide rail sliders 7. Through holes are formed in the upper portions of the fixed shaft seats 10. The through holes of each pair of fixed shaft seats 10 are arranged opposite each other. The ends of the fixed shaft 5 penetrate into the through holes of the two fixed shaft seats 10 and are fixedly connected. In this embodiment, the linear guides 6 are selected to be 500 mm long, and there are six sets of guide rail sliders 7 and fixed shaft seats 10, totaling six fixed shafts 5.

[0034] Install the six guide rail sliders 7 onto the linear guide rail 6 and pre-fix them at the required positions of the 6 linear guide rails to form a guide rail assembly on one side; repeat the above assembly process to assemble the guide rail assembly on the other side. The two guide rail assemblies are placed symmetrically and parallel. The two guide rail sliders 7 that are opposite to each other form a pair, and the corresponding fixed shaft seats 10 fixed on the paired guide rail sliders 7 form a pair. The fixed shaft 5 is installed between the two fixed shaft seats 10 of each pair.

[0035] By combining the component connecting shaft 1, the guide shaft 2, the baffle 3, the support fixing clamp 4, the V-shaped thin sheet connecting shaft 8, the V-shaped thin sheet 9, the fixed shaft seat 10, the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the linear bearing fixing seat 12, the guide shaft support 13, the transition shaft seat 14 and the positioning ring 15, four component units with different functions are formed, namely the first component unit, the second component unit, the third component unit and the fourth component unit.

[0036] The first component unit is used to locate the end of the catheter, and includes a guide shaft 2, a baffle 3, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, a guide shaft support 13, a transition shaft seat 14, and a positioning ring 15. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is a standard part, which is clamped on the fixed shaft 5; the guide shaft support 13 is a standard part, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12; the lower end of the transition shaft seat 14 is clamped and fixed in the inner cavity of the upper end of the guide shaft support 13 through the guide shaft 2, and the other guide shaft 2 is clamped in the transition shaft seat 14 cavity, and its axis is arranged in a horizontal direction and can slide in the transition shaft seat 14 cavity. A baffle 3 is clamped and fixed at one end of the guide shaft 2, and its end face is perpendicular to the axis of the guide shaft 2, which is used to locate the end tube of the catheter to be connected, and the baffle 3 The outer guide shaft 2 is fitted with a stepped pin. This ring-shaped pin has varying outer diameters and is fixedly connected to the guide shaft 2 with its inner diameter selected based on the inner diameter of the end tube to be connected. This pin is used to fit over the end tube, securing it and ensuring its coaxiality with the guide shaft 2. A positioning ring 15 is fixedly attached to the other end of the guide shaft 2. This positioning ring 15 and the retaining plate 3 are located on either side of the transition shaft seat 14. When the positioning ring 15 engages the outer end surface of the transition shaft seat 14, the guide shaft 2 is locked by the transition shaft seat 14, achieving the theoretical position for connecting the end tube. The inner end surface of the retaining plate 3 serves as the positioning surface. In this embodiment, two sets of first assembly units are provided, each with its inner end surface of retaining plates 3 facing each other. These sets are located on the first and sixth fixed shafts 5, and are used to position the end tubes to be connected at either end of the catheter.

[0037] The second component unit is used to locate the height position of the catheter, and includes a component connecting shaft 1, a V-shaped thin plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin plate 9, a fixed shaft seat 10, a cross fixing clamp 11, and a linear bearing fixing seat 12. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is clamped on the fixed shaft 5; the fixed shaft seat 10 is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12, and the component connecting shaft 1 is clamped in the through hole on the upper part of the fixed shaft seat 10; the universal cross fixing clamp 11 is a standard part, one hole of which is clamped on one end of the component connecting shaft 1 according to the required position, and the other hole clamps the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8, and the top of the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8 is fixedly connected with a V-shaped thin film 9, and the V-shaped surface at the upper end is used to support the catheter; by adjusting the clamping position of the linear bearing fixing seat 12 on the fixed shaft 5, the clamping position of the universal cross fixing clamp 11 on the component connecting shaft 1, and the clamping position of the V-shaped thin film connecting shaft 8 on the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the positioning of the catheter in the length direction and height direction is achieved; by adjusting the angle of the universal cross fixing clamp 11, the support angle of the V-shaped thin film 9 to the catheter is controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin film 9 is the positioning surface. In this embodiment, the second component unit is installed on the second fixed shaft 5, and the axis of the catheter it is positioned is parallel to the horizontal direction, and there is no need to adjust the support angle. Therefore, the universal cross fixing clamp 11 in this component unit can be selected from a model with two through holes axially vertical and the middle part cannot rotate.

[0038] The third assembly unit, used to locate the spatial angular position of the catheter, comprises a V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin-plate 9, and a universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11 is clamped onto the fixed shaft 5, and the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 is clamped into another hole of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The V-shaped thin-plate 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8. The spatial angular position of the catheter is controlled by adjusting the clamping position of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11 on the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 and the angle of the universal cross-shaped fixing clamp 11. The V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-plate 9 serves as the positioning surface.

[0039] The fourth component unit is used to locate the height position of the catheter, and includes a support clamp 4, a V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8, a V-shaped thin-plate 9, a linear bearing fixing seat 12, and a guide shaft support 13. The linear bearing fixing seat 12 is clamped on the fixed shaft 5, and the guide shaft support 13 is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat 12. The support clamp 4 is provided with three through holes in the same direction side by side, one of which is clamped and fixed with the guide shaft support 13 through the guide shaft 2. The V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 is clamped in another hole of the support clamp 4, and the V-shaped thin-plate 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 to support the catheter. By adjusting the clamping position and rotation angle of the linear bearing fixing seat 12 on the fixed shaft 5 and the clamping position of the V-shaped thin-plate connecting shaft 8 on the support clamp 4, the height position of the catheter and the spatial angular position are controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-plate 9 is the positioning surface.

[0040] In this embodiment, the third and fourth component units are both installed on the third fixed shaft 5, another set of third component units is installed on the fourth fixed shaft 5, and another set of fourth component units is installed on the fifth fixed shaft 5. The difference between this component unit and the fourth component unit on the third fixed shaft 5 is that the support fixing clamp 4 is removed from the fourth component unit, and the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft 8 is directly clamped in the inner cavity at the upper end of the guide shaft support 13.

[0041] The method for using the above-mentioned aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Assemble the lightweight welding fixture. Determine the required component unit types and quantities, as well as the corresponding number of guide rail sliders 7, fixed shaft seats 10, and fixed shafts 5. Install the component units on the fixed shafts 5 in order, and adjust the guide rail sliders 7 and each component within each component unit to the desired position, with the two first component units located on both sides of the entire component unit.

[0043] Step 2: Preparation: Place the lightweight welding fixture on the work platform, and move the two first assembly unit guide shafts 2 outward from the theoretical position until the baffle 3 fits into the transition shaft seat 14 .

[0044] Step 3: Rough Machining. Place the middle section of the conduit on the other assembly units between the two first assembly units, ensuring that the outer diameter of the conduit fits seamlessly within the V-shaped surfaces of all V-shaped sheets 9. Score the ends of the middle section of the conduit, leaving approximately 10 mm of margin, and remove any excess. This completes the rough machining of the middle section of the conduit.

[0045] Step 4: Finishing. Install the end tubes to be connected at both ends of the conduit on the stepped pins of the two first assembly units, respectively, so that they are coaxial with the guide shaft 2 and the outer end faces of the end tubes are completely in contact with the baffle 3. Push the guide shaft 2 to the theoretical position. Since the middle section of the conduit has a 10 mm margin, the finishing amount of the middle section of the conduit is determined by checking the gap between the positioning ring 15 and the transition shaft seat 14. After the finishing amount is determined, the middle section of the conduit is finish-machined to the theoretical position.

[0046] Step 5: Welding: Spot weld three locations where the end pipe and the middle pipe meet. After that, remove the pipe and perform full welding.

[0047] Step 6: Self-check. Reset the fully welded conduit onto the lightweight welding fixture. Ensure that the conduit and fixture positioning surfaces are fully aligned after connection and confirm that there is no welding deformation.

[0048] The present embodiment is merely illustrative and not a complete set of embodiments. All other embodiments improved or adjusted by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight welding fixture for aircraft ducts, characterized in that: The lightweight welding fixture comprises a component connecting shaft (1), a guide shaft (2), a baffle (3), a fixed shaft (5), a linear guide rail (6), a guide rail slider (7), a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), a V-shaped thin sheet (9), a fixed shaft seat (10), a universal cross fixing clamp (11), a linear bearing fixing seat (12), a guide shaft support (13), a transition shaft seat (14) and a positioning ring (15); The fixed shaft (5), linear guide rail (6), guide rail slider (7) and fixed shaft seat (10) form a basic unit; the linear guide rail (6) is provided with two parallel arranged; the guide rail slider (7) and the linear guide rail (6) are slidably matched, and the guide rail slider (7) is provided in a plurality and used in pairs, and the two guide rail sliders (7) of each pair are symmetrically arranged on the two linear guide rails (6); the fixed shaft seat (10) is provided in a plurality and is also used in pairs, and the lower ends of each pair of fixed shaft seats (10) are respectively fixedly connected to the two paired guide rail sliders (7) and can slide along the linear guide rail (6) with the guide rail sliders (7), and the upper part of the fixed shaft seat (10) is formed with a through hole, and the through holes on each pair of fixed shaft seats (10) are arranged relatively, and the two ends of the fixed shaft (5) are inserted into the through holes of the two fixed shaft seats (10) and fixedly connected; By combining and using the component connecting shaft (1), the guide shaft (2), the baffle (3), the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), the V-shaped thin sheet (9), the fixed shaft seat (10), the universal cross fixing clamp (11), the linear bearing fixing seat (12), the guide shaft support (13), the transition shaft seat (14) and the positioning ring (15), four component units with different functions are formed, namely the first component unit, the second component unit, the third component unit and the fourth component unit; The first component unit comprises a guide shaft (2), a baffle (3), a linear bearing fixing seat (12), a guide shaft support (13), a transition shaft seat (14), and a positioning ring (15); the linear bearing fixing seat (12) is a standard part, which is clamped on the fixed shaft (5); the guide shaft support (13) is a standard part, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat (12); the transition shaft seat (14) is a standard part, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide shaft support (13), and the guide shaft (2) is clamped in the cavity of the transition shaft seat (14). The guide shaft (2) is provided with a baffle (3) which is fixedly mounted on one end of the guide shaft (2). The baffle (3) has an end face perpendicular to the axis of the guide shaft (2) and is used to position the end tube of the catheter to be connected. The positioning ring (15) is a standard part which is fixedly connected to the other end of the guide shaft (2). The positioning ring (15) and the baffle (3) are located on both sides of the transition shaft seat (14). When the positioning ring (15) fits the outer end face of the transition shaft seat (14), the theoretical position of the end tube to be connected is reached. The inner end face of the baffle (3) is the positioning face. The second component unit comprises a component connecting shaft (1), a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), a V-shaped thin sheet (9), a fixed shaft seat (10), a universal cross fixing clamp (11), and a linear bearing fixing seat (12); the linear bearing fixing seat (12) is clamped on the fixed shaft (5); the fixed shaft seat (10) is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat (12), and the component connecting shaft (1) is clamped in the through hole on the upper part of the fixed shaft seat (10); the universal cross fixing clamp (11) is a standard part, one hole of which is clamped on one end of the component connecting shaft (1) according to the required position, and the other hole clamps the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), the top of the V-shaped thin slice connecting shaft (8) is fixedly connected with a V-shaped thin slice (9), and the V-shaped surface of the upper end of the V-shaped thin slice (9) is used to support the catheter; by adjusting the clamping position of the linear bearing fixing seat (12) on the fixed shaft (5), the clamping position of the universal cross fixing clamp (11) on the component connecting shaft (1), and the clamping position of the V-shaped thin slice connecting shaft (8) on the universal cross fixing clamp (11), the positioning of the catheter in the length direction and the height direction is achieved; by adjusting the angle of the universal cross fixing clamp (11), the supporting angle of the V-shaped thin slice (9) on the catheter is controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin slice (9) is the positioning surface; The third component unit comprises a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), a V-shaped thin-sheet (9) and a universal cross fixing clamp (11); the universal cross fixing clamp (11) is clamped on the fixed shaft (5), and the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) is clamped in another hole of the universal cross fixing clamp (11); the V-shaped thin-sheet (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), and the positioning of the spatial angular position of the catheter is controlled by adjusting the clamping position of the universal cross fixing clamp (11) on the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) and the angle of the universal cross fixing clamp (11), and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-sheet (9) is the positioning surface; The fourth component unit comprises a V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8), a V-shaped thin-sheet (9), a linear bearing fixing seat (12), and a guide shaft support (13); the linear bearing fixing seat (12) is clamped on the fixed shaft (5), the guide shaft support (13) is fixedly connected to the linear bearing fixing seat (12), the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) is clamped in the inner cavity of the upper end of the guide shaft support (13), and the V-shaped thin-sheet (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) for supporting the catheter; by adjusting the clamping position and rotation angle of the linear bearing fixing seat (12) on the fixed shaft (5), the clamping position of the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) on the guide shaft support (13), the height position and spatial angle position of the catheter are controlled, and the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped thin-sheet (9) is the positioning surface.

2. The aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A step pin is sleeved on the guide shaft (2) inside the baffle (3). The step pin is an annular structure with different outer diameter specifications. Its inner diameter is fixedly connected to the guide shaft (2). The outer diameter is selected according to the inner diameter of the end pipe to be connected. It is used to sleeve the end pipe to fix the end pipe and ensure that the end pipe is coaxial with the guide shaft (2).

3. The aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of fixed shafts (5), guide rail sliders (7) and fixed shaft seats (10), as well as the number and arrangement order of the four component units are determined according to the actual shape of the conduit, and one or more component units are installed on one fixed shaft (5).

4. The aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth component unit also includes a pillar fixing clamp (4), on which a plurality of through holes in the same direction are arranged side by side, one of the through holes and the guide shaft support (13) are clamped and fixed through the guide shaft (2), and the V-shaped thin-sheet connecting shaft (8) is clamped in another hole of the pillar fixing clamp (4). When a plurality of component units are installed on the fixed shaft (5), the pillar fixing clamp (4) is used to avoid interference between two component units.

5. The aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support fixing clamp (4) is provided with two or three through holes in the same direction side by side, and the type of the support fixing clamp (4) is determined according to the positioning requirements of the catheter.

6. A method for using the aircraft duct lightweight welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: Step 1, assembling a lightweight welding fixture; determining the type and quantity of the required component units according to the actual shape of the conduit, as well as the corresponding number of guide rail sliders (7), fixed shaft seats (10) and fixed shafts (5), and installing the component units on the fixed shafts (5) in sequence, and adjusting the guide rail sliders (7) and each component in each component unit to the theoretical position; Step 2, preparation: placing the lightweight welding fixture on the work platform, and moving the guide shaft (2) of the first component unit outward from the theoretical position until the baffle (3) fits with the transition shaft seat (14); Step 3, rough processing; placing the middle section of the conduit on the other component units except the first component unit, confirming that the outer diameter of the conduit fits seamlessly with the V-shaped surfaces of all the V-shaped sheets (9), thereby achieving spatial positioning of the conduit; marking the ends of the middle section of the conduit or the end pipe to be connected with margins, removing the excess margins, and completing the rough processing of the middle section of the conduit or the end pipe; Step 4, fine machining; install the end tube to be connected on the step pin of the first component unit, and the outer end face of the end tube is completely fitted with the baffle (3), so that it is coaxial with the guide shaft (2), push the guide shaft (2) to the theoretical position of the end tube, determine the fine machining amount of the middle section of the conduit or the end tube by checking the gap between the positioning ring (15) and the transition shaft seat (14), fine-machine the middle section of the conduit or the end tube to the theoretical position, and push the end tube to the theoretical position after fine machining; Step 5, welding: At the junction of the end pipe and the middle pipe, select multiple spots for spot welding. After completion, remove the pipe and perform full welding. Step 6, self-check: reset the completely welded conduit to the lightweight welding fixture, and check whether there is any welding deformation by comparing the connected conduit and the positioning surface of the lightweight welding fixture to see if they are fully aligned; Repeat steps 1 to 6 to connect the next end pipe until the entire conduit is welded.

Images