Preparation process of compound fertilizer for reducing wax apple fruit cracking rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a compound fertilizer for reducing the fruit cracking rate of wax apples. The compound fertilizer comprises, by weight, an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, and a bacterial fermentation liquid. The anti-cracking agent comprises disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellins, and α-naphthaleneacetic acid; the film-forming agent comprises polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; and the fermentation liquid is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus. The compound fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the fruit, thereby controlling the fruit cracking rate of the wax apples to within 2%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of wax apple planting, and in particular to a preparation process of a compound fertilizer for reducing the wax apple fruit cracking rate. Background Art

[0002] Syzygium samarangense (Bl.) Merr. et Perry, also known as the wax apple, is a tree in the Myrtaceae family, reaching heights of up to 12 meters. Its young branches are flattened. Its leaves are thinly leathery, elliptical to oblong, 10-22 cm long and 5-8 cm wide, with an obtuse or slightly pointed apex and a narrowed, rounded or slightly cordate base. They turn yellowish-brown above when dry and are dotted with small glandular dots below. The leaves have 14-19 pairs of lateral veins, running obliquely upward at a 45-degree angle. They merge into distinct marginal veins 5 mm from the margin, with an additional marginal vein 1.5 mm closer to the margin. The lateral veins are 6-10 mm apart and have distinct reticulate veining. The petiole is very short, sometimes exceeding 4 mm in length and nearly sessile. The inflorescence is terminal or axillary, with several flowers in a corymbose inflorescence. The flowers are white, with pedicels about 5 mm long. The calyx tube is obconical, 7-8 mm long and 6-7 mm wide, with four semicircular calyx teeth that are twice as wide. Stamens are numerous, and the style is 2.5-3 cm long. The fruit is pear-shaped or conical, fleshy, shiny magenta, 4-5 cm long, with a concave apex and persistent fleshy sepals. It contains one seed. Flowering occurs in March-April, and the fruit matures in May-June.

[0003] During the planting period, due to large fluctuations in soil moisture or temperature, the fruit expands rapidly, leading to fruit cracking. Cracked wax apples are susceptible to disease, which affects their yield. Furthermore, cracked wax apples affect their appearance and reduce their economic benefits. Therefore, a compound fertilizer preparation process is proposed to reduce the cracking rate of wax apples. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a preparation process of a compound fertilizer for reducing the wax apple fruit cracking rate to solve the above problems.

[0005] A compound fertilizer for reducing the cracking rate of wax apples. The compound fertilizer comprises, by weight, an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, and a bacterial fermentation liquid. The anti-cracking agent comprises disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin, and α-naphthylacetic acid; the film-forming agent comprises polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; and the fermentation liquid is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinosa.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the Bacillus licheniformis to the Bacillus gellingii is 1:2-4.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for preparing the fermentation broth comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid;

[0009] (2) Inoculate the seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus into the fermentation medium and ferment at 35-39°C for 72-96 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, the inoculation amount of the Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinosa is 2-3%.

[0011] Furthermore, the LB liquid culture medium contains 10 g of tryptone, 5 g of yeast extract and 10 g of sodium chloride per liter.

[0012] Furthermore, the inoculation amount of the Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinosa seed liquid is 10-15%.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the fermentation medium comprises, by weight, 15-20 parts of peanut residue, 13-17 parts of fish protein powder, 6-7 parts of potassium humate, 3-5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 7-9 parts of phosphate rock powder, 3-5 parts of brown sugar and 50-70 parts of water.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.1-0.8% of gibberellin, 0.1-0.8% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0015] Furthermore, the film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:3-7.

[0016] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer comprises an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 2-5:0.1-0.5:3-7:15-20.

[0017] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer is used by spraying, and the spraying period is the young fruit stage and the fruit swelling stage.

[0018] Furthermore, the anti-cracking agent in the compound fertilizer applied during the young fruit stage includes, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.6-0.8% of gibberellin, 0.1-0.15% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance water.

[0019] Furthermore, the anti-cracking agent in the compound fertilizer applied during the fruit swelling period includes, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.25-0.35% of gibberellin, 0.7-0.8% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance water.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention uses Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinous to produce a fermentation broth. The fermentation broth contains active ingredients from the fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinous, which can inhibit disease infection during the young and expanding stages of wax apple fruits and promote pigment deposition in the fruits. The anti-cracking agent promotes rapid fruit cell proliferation, preventing fruit cracking caused by plum rains or large temperature differences, while also promoting the deposition of nutrients and pigments in the fruits. The compound fertilizer also contains polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, which not only prolong the attachment time of the active ingredients to the wax apple fruits but also control the evaporation and exchange of water vapor on the wax apple fruit surface. This effectively reduces fruit cracking caused by factors such as large temperature differences, and the compound fertilizer can control the wax apple crack rate to less than 2%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0025] The sources of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinosa are commercially available.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The anti-cracking agent during the fruit expansion period comprises, by mass percentage, 0.7% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.5% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.3% of gibberellin, 0.75% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0028] The young fruit stage anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.7% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.5% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.7% of gibberellin, 0.125% of alpha-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0029] The film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0030] The preparation method of fermentation broth is as follows:

[0031] (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum rate of 2% to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid;

[0032] (2) The seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus was inoculated into a fermentation medium at an inoculum rate of 13%. The fermentation medium included 18 parts of peanut residue, 15 parts of fish protein powder, 6.5 parts of potassium humate, 4 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 8 parts of phosphate rock powder, 4 parts of brown sugar and 60 parts of water in parts by weight, and fermented at 37°C for 80 hours.

[0033] The preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is:

[0034] (1) Dissolve α-naphthylacetic acid in 15% water at 80°C to prepare an α-naphthylacetic acid solution.

[0035] (2) Mixing α-naphthyl acetic acid solution, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin and the remaining amount of water to prepare anti-cracking agent.

[0036] The compound fertilizer is prepared from an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 3.5:0.3:5:18.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The anti-cracking agent during the fruit swelling period comprises, by mass percentage, 0.5% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.25% of gibberellin, 0.7% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0039] The young fruit stage anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.5% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.6% of gibberellin, 0.1% of alpha-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0040] The film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0041] The preparation method of fermentation broth is as follows:

[0042] (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum rate of 2% to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid;

[0043] (2) The seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus was inoculated into a fermentation medium at an inoculum rate of 10%. The fermentation medium included 15 parts of peanut residue, 13 parts of fish protein powder, 6 parts of potassium humate, 3 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 7 parts of phosphate rock powder, 3 parts of brown sugar and 50 parts of water in parts by weight, and fermented at 37°C for 72 hours.

[0044] The preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is:

[0045] (3) Dissolve α-naphthyl acetic acid in 10% water at 70° C. to prepare an α-naphthyl acetic acid solution.

[0046] (4) Mixing α-naphthyl acetic acid solution, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin and the remaining amount of water to prepare anti-cracking agent.

[0047] The compound fertilizer is prepared from an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:15.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The anti-cracking agent during the fruit expansion period comprises, by mass percentage, 0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.35% of gibberellin, 0.8% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0050] The young fruit stage anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.8% of gibberellin, 0.15% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0051] The film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:7.

[0052] The preparation method of fermentation broth is as follows:

[0053] (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum rate of 3% to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid;

[0054] (2) The seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus was inoculated into a fermentation medium at an inoculum rate of 15%. The fermentation medium included 20 parts of peanut residue, 17 parts of fish protein powder, 7 parts of potassium humate, 5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 9 parts of phosphate rock powder, 5 parts of brown sugar and 70 parts of water in parts by weight, and fermented at 37°C for 96 hours.

[0055] The preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is:

[0056] (5) Dissolve α-naphthyl acetic acid in 20% water at 80° C. to prepare an α-naphthyl acetic acid solution.

[0057] (6) Mixing α-naphthyl acetic acid solution, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin and the remaining amount of water to prepare anti-cracking agent.

[0058] The compound fertilizer is prepared from an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 5:0.5:7:20.

[0059] Test Example 1

[0060] The compound fertilizer prepared using Example 1-3 was tested, and the test site was Sanya City, Hainan Province, and the test time was 2020-2021. Each embodiment was tested using 100 wax apples, and the amount of each agent sprayed was 500g / plant. The young fruit stage and the expanded fruit stage were each sprayed twice, and the young fruit stage was sprayed once every 5 days. The expanded fruit stage was sprayed every 3 days, and the 100 wax apples were evenly divided into 5 groups, and the picking period was respectively May, June, July, October, and November. The test fruit was randomly selected from 100 fruits after picking and checked, and was extracted twice by different testers, and the total crack rate for 2020-2021 was calculated.

[0061] Crack rate (%) = number of fruits with cracks on the surface / total number of tests × 100

[0062] name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Crack rate (%) 1.4 1.8 2.1

[0063] Test results show that the compound fertilizer of the present invention can reduce the crack rate of wax apples. The fermentation broth prepared by the present invention uses Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinous. The fermentation active ingredients of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinous can inhibit the infection of wax apples during the young and expanding fruit stages and promote the deposition of pigment in the fruit. The anti-cracking agent of the present invention promotes the rapid reproduction of fruit cells, can prevent fruit cracking caused by plum rain weather or large temperature differences, and can also promote the deposition of nutrients and pigment components in the fruit. The compound fertilizer of the present invention also contains polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, which can not only prolong the attachment time of the active ingredients to the wax apple fruit, but also control the water vapor evaporation and exchange process on the wax apple fruit surface. Therefore, the present invention effectively reduces the phenomenon of fruit cracking caused by factors such as large temperature differences.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] On the basis of Example 1, the ratio and usage of the anti-cracking agent were adjusted as follows:

[0066] The anti-cracking agent is composed of 0.7% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.5% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.4% of gibberellin, 0.4% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water in terms of mass percentage.

[0067] The film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0068] The preparation method of fermentation broth is as follows:

[0069] (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum rate of 2% to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid;

[0070] (2) The seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus was inoculated into a fermentation medium at an inoculum rate of 13%. The fermentation medium included 18 parts of peanut residue, 15 parts of fish protein powder, 6.5 parts of potassium humate, 4 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 8 parts of phosphate rock powder, 4 parts of brown sugar and 60 parts of water in parts by weight, and fermented at 37°C for 80 hours.

[0071] The preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is:

[0072] (7) Dissolve α-naphthyl acetic acid in 15% water at 80°C to prepare an α-naphthyl acetic acid solution.

[0073] (8) An anti-cracking agent is prepared by mixing α-naphthyl acetic acid solution, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin and the remainder of water.

[0074] The compound fertilizer is prepared from an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 3.5:0.3:5:18.

[0075] The test method of Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of Test Example 1, and the crack rate of Comparative Example 1 is 6.4%. The test results show that the present invention can effectively regulate the development of wax apple fruit tissue cells by using different ratios of anti-cracking agents at different stages of the wax apple, and through reasonable regulation, the wax apple can avoid cracking caused by the influence of typhoon season weather from May to September.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] On the basis of Example 1, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like were replaced by Bacillus subtilis, specifically:

[0078] The anti-cracking agent during the fruit expansion period comprises, by mass percentage, 0.7% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.5% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.3% of gibberellin, 0.75% of α-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0079] The young fruit stage anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.7% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.5% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.7% of gibberellin, 0.125% of alpha-naphthyl acetic acid and the balance of water.

[0080] The film-forming agent is polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0081] The preparation method of fermentation broth is as follows:

[0082] (1) inoculating Bacillus subtilis into LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum rate of 2% to prepare a Bacillus subtilis seed solution;

[0083] (2) Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into a fermentation medium at an inoculum rate of 13%, wherein the fermentation medium comprised, by weight, 18 parts of peanut residue, 15 parts of fish protein powder, 6.5 parts of potassium humate, 4 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 8 parts of phosphate rock powder, 4 parts of brown sugar, and 60 parts of water, and fermented at 37° C. for 80 h.

[0084] The preparation method of the anti-cracking agent is:

[0085] (9) α-naphthyl acetic acid was dissolved in 15% water at 80°C to prepare an α-naphthyl acetic acid solution.

[0086] (10) An anti-cracking agent is prepared by mixing α-naphthyl acetic acid solution, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, gibberellin and the remainder of water.

[0087] The compound fertilizer is prepared from an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid and water in a mass ratio of 3.5:0.3:5:18.

[0088] The test method of Comparative Example 2 is the same as that of Test Example 1, and the crack rate of Comparative Example 2 is 8.7%. The test results show that the fermentation liquid prepared by using Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinous can effectively inhibit diseases during the planting period of wax apples and promote the development of wax apples.

[0089] Test Example 2

[0090] The soluble solids content in the wax apples of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was determined using a refractometer, with 6 apples in each group and 6 parallel measurements.

[0091] name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Soluble solids °Brix 13.27 13.19 13.21 12.73 12.34

[0092] The test results show that the compound fertilizer of the present invention can also increase the soluble solid content of wax apples and effectively improve the sweetness of wax apples.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fertilizer for reducing wax apple fruit cracking rate, characterized in that, The compound fertilizer comprises an anti-cracking agent, a film-forming agent, a bacterial fermentation liquid, and water in a mass ratio of 2-5:0.1-0.5:3-7:15-20; the anti-cracking agent comprises, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.1-0.8% of gibberellin, 0.1-0.8% of α-naphthyl acetic acid, and the balance water; the film-forming agent comprises polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; and the fermentation liquid is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinosa. The compound fertilizer is used by spraying it on the surface of the fruit, and the spraying period is the young fruit stage and the fruit swelling stage; The anti-cracking agent in the compound fertilizer applied during the young fruit stage consists of, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.6-0.8% of gibberellins, 0.1-0.15% of α-naphthylacetic acid, and the balance water; and the anti-cracking agent in the compound fertilizer applied during the fruit swelling stage consists of, by mass percentage, 0.5-0.9% of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1.2-1.7% of sodium copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.25-0.35% of gibberellins, 0.7-0.8% of α-naphthylacetic acid, and the balance water.

2. the composite fertilizer that reduces wax apple fruit cracking rate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The mass ratio of the Bacillus licheniformis to the Bacillus gellingii is 1:2-4.

3. the composite fertilizer that reduces wax apple fruit cracking rate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The method for preparing the fermentation broth comprises the following steps: (1) inoculating Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like into LB liquid culture medium to prepare Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly-like seed liquid; (2) Inoculate the seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus into the fermentation medium and ferment at 35-39°C for 72-96 hours.

4. the composite fertilizer that reduces wax apple fruit cracking rate as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, In step (2), the fermentation medium is composed of 15-20 parts of peanut residue, 13-17 parts of fish protein powder, 6-7 parts of potassium humate, 3-5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 7-9 parts of phosphate rock, 3-5 parts of brown sugar and 50-70 parts of water in parts by weight.

5. the composite fertilizer that reduces wax apple fruit cracking rate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The film-forming agent consists of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:3-7.