Electrically powered retractable active roof device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electric retractable movable roof devices, including movable roof unit, reduction motor, it is characterized in that: roof unit is made of two side support beams and roof board, roof board includes fixed roof board and movable roof board, the fixed roof board of front roof unit is set in the upper portion of front roof unit, movable roof board is slidably connected with two side support beams by roller;The fixed roof board of rear roof unit is set in the lower portion of rear roof unit, movable roof board is slidably connected with two side support beams by roller;Fixed with rotating shaft below ridge, rotating shaft is fixed with sprocket left and right symmetrically, sprocket is equipped with chain matched with sprocket, chain one end is connected with the movable roof board of front roof unit, the other end is connected with the movable roof board of rear roof unit.Its advantages are: low energy consumption, low noise, simple structure, low cost, roof skylight opening is big, satisfies the needs such as ventilation, exhaust, heat dissipation of dairy cow shed roof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electrically driven, swaying movable roof device, and more particularly to a roof device suitable for a pitched steel movable roof structure, belonging to the field of steel structure roof technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, dairy farming in China is mainly based on pen-keeping, and all farms must build cattle sheds. Traditional cattle sheds have fixed and enclosed roofs, lacking functions such as lighting, ventilation, exhaust, and heat dissipation, resulting in poor environmental quality inside the sheds. This not only limits the density of dairy cows in the sheds but also has a significant impact on the normal healthy growth of dairy cows.

[0003] Good lighting, ventilation, exhaust, and heat dissipation in the cowshed can sterilize, regulate temperature, and improve air quality, thereby making the cows live comfortably, increasing milk production, reducing the incidence of disease in dairy cows, and increasing stocking density.

[0004] The utility model patent "Sliding Cattle Shed Roof Frame (2012205097423)" uses a geared motor and a rotating shaft to slide the roof steel panels through a wound steel wire rope, thus opening and closing the roof steel panels. It utilizes the working principle of a winch to achieve lighting, ventilation, exhaust, and heat dissipation in the cattle shed. The structure is simple, but one geared motor can only control one roof steel panel, and the controlled roof steel panels are generally large and relatively heavy, resulting in very high energy consumption during sliding. The invention patent "A Flip-Up Roof System (2013102961032)" uses a hydraulic device to simultaneously flip multiple roof panels and adjust the flip angle, facilitating sunlight entering the cattle shed. However, the system has a complex structure, high cost, and high energy consumption, and the electro-hydraulic system requires the roof frame to have strong seismic resistance. The invention patent "A Mobile Dairy Cow Shed Roof (201410224057X)" uses a drive device to move a movable roof truss along guide rails, which can also satisfy the functions of sunlight exposure and facilitating the evaporation of moisture from cow manure bedding. Its disadvantages are: complex structure, high cost, large load-bearing capacity of the guide rails, and high energy consumption. It also faces the problem of enhancing the seismic resistance of the roof truss. In addition, its opening is small and close to the ridge, limiting the area of ​​sunlight entering the cow shed and resulting in poor sterilization effect. The invention patent "A Large-Span Dairy Cow Shed (2015105618344)" uses a rotatable lightweight roof, allowing the lightweight roof panels to rotate longitudinally. The rotation angle is controlled by a stepper motor, allowing sunlight to enter the cow shed. The design is ingenious, achieving lighting, ventilation, exhaust, and heat dissipation in the cow shed. However, the structure is complex, requiring not only a stepper motor to control the rotation but also hydraulic rods for auxiliary support, resulting in high cost. Moreover, one stepper motor can only control one lightweight roof panel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to utilize the roof's own weight, based on the goals of low energy consumption and low noise, to provide an electrically driven, swaying movable roof device that is simple in structure, low in energy consumption, has a large roof opening, allows multiple roof skylights to open and close in tandem, and whose opening and closing size can be arbitrarily controlled with precise and flexible control, thereby achieving roof lighting and ventilation.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] This invention includes a movable roof unit and a geared motor. The movable roof unit is a pointed roof type, divided into a front roof unit and a rear roof unit by the ridge. Both the front and rear roof units consist of two side support beams and a roof panel. The side support beams are two parallel I-beams or channel steel beams. The roof panel includes a fixed roof panel and a movable roof panel. The ends of the front and rear roof units near the ridge are defined as the upper part, and the ends away from the ridge are defined as the lower part. The fixed roof panel of the front roof unit is located on the upper part of the front roof unit, and both ends of the fixed roof panel are fixed to the upper surfaces of the side support beams and cover the upper half of the front roof unit. The movable roof panel is slidably connected to the grooves of the side support beams via rollers and can cover the lower half of the front roof unit. The fixed roof panel of the rear roof unit is located on the lower part of the rear roof unit and is fixed... The roof panel is fixed at both ends to the lower end faces of the side support beams and covers the lower half of the rear roof unit. The movable roof panel is slidably connected to the grooves of the side support beams via rollers and can cover the upper half of the rear roof unit. A rotating shaft is fixed under the ridge with a bearing seat. Sprockets are symmetrically fixed on the rotating shaft. The sprockets are equipped with chains that mesh with the sprockets. One end of the chain is connected to the movable roof panel of the front roof unit, and the other end of the chain is connected to the movable roof panel of the rear roof unit. When the movable roof panel of the front roof unit completely covers the lower half of the front roof unit, the movable roof panel of the rear roof unit just completely covers the upper half of the rear roof unit. Drive gears are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft. A geared motor is fixed on a movable roof unit. The output shaft of the geared motor meshes with a drive gear at one end of the rotating shaft of a movable roof unit through a transmission gear.

[0008] The drive gears at adjacent shaft ends of the rotating shafts of one or more movable roof units can mesh with each other through a transmission gear set.

[0009] The movable roof panels of the front roof unit and the rear roof unit have the same weight.

[0010] The movable roof panel of the front roof unit is referred to as Roof A, and the movable roof panel of the rear roof unit is referred to as Roof B. Roof A and Roof B are connected by a chain to form a linkage unit.

[0011] The aforementioned set of geared motors can drive 1 to 6 linkage units.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are: low energy consumption, low noise, simple structure, low cost, and large roof skylight openings. One small-power motor can drive multiple movable roof openings for lighting and ventilation, and the opening size can be controlled at will; it meets the ventilation, exhaust, and heat dissipation needs of dairy cow shed roofs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fully enclosed roof skylight in an active roof unit according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable roof unit with the roof skylight fully open according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple movable roof units linked together according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the geared motor drive circuit of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a remote control circuit for a geared motor.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limit circuit for a geared motor.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Modible roof panel of the front roof unit; 2-Fixed roof panel of the front roof unit; 3-Modible roof panel of the rear roof unit; 4-Support beam of the rear roof unit; 5-Roller; 6-Support beam of the front roof unit; 7-Chain; 8-Shaft; 9-Sprocket; 10-Fixed roof panel of the rear roof unit; 11-Gear motor; 12-Lower half of the front roof unit; 13-Upper half of the rear roof unit; 14-First movable roof unit; 15-Second movable roof unit; 16-First drive gear; 17-Third movable roof unit; 18-Fourth movable roof unit; 19-Transmission gear; 20-Second drive gear; QF1-Air switch; QF2-Air switch; BH1~BH5-Motor protector; KM1~KM2-AC contactor; KM11~KM51-AC contactor; KM12~KM52-AC contactor; XK11~XK51-Limit switch; XK12~XK52-Limit switch; MA1~MA5-Motor; YKQ-Remote controller; K1~K3-Remote controller switch; SQ1, SQ2, FQ1-Push-button switch. Implementation

[0022] See attached document Figures 1-5The present invention includes a movable roof unit and a geared motor 11. The geared motor is an abbreviation for electric motor and reducer, that is, it is composed of the output shaft of the electric motor connected to the input shaft of the reducer. The movable roof unit is a pointed roof type, divided into a front roof unit and a rear roof unit by the ridge. Both the front roof unit and the rear roof unit are composed of two side support beams and roof panels. The two side support beams are two parallel I-beams or channel steel beams. The support beam 6 of the front roof unit and the corresponding support beam 4 of the rear roof unit are connected to form a "V" shape, and the top connection part forms the ridge. The roof panel includes a fixed roof panel and a movable roof panel. The front roof unit and the rear roof unit are defined as the upper part near the ridge and the lower part away from the ridge. The fixed roof panel 2 of the front roof unit is set on the upper part of the front roof unit, and the two ends of the fixed roof panel are welded and fixed to the upper end face of the two side support beams 6 and cover the upper half of the front roof unit. The movable roof panel is composed of a frame and color plates. The frame is welded with C-shaped square tubes, and purlins are welded in the middle with a purlin spacing of 800-1500 mm. Color plates are welded on both sides of the frame. The lower edge of the movable roof panel is equipped with galvanized nylon bearing assemblies at equal intervals as rollers. The movable roof panel 1 of the front roof unit is slidably connected to the grooves of the two side support beams via rollers 5, and can cover the lower half 12 of the front roof unit, which is the skylight of the front roof unit; the fixed roof panel 10 of the rear roof unit is located at the lower part of the rear roof unit, and both ends of the fixed roof panel are fixed to the lower end faces of the two side support beams 4 and cover the lower half of the rear roof unit; the movable roof panel 3 is slidably connected to the grooves of the two side support beams via rollers, and can cover the upper half 13 of the rear roof unit, which is the skylight of the rear roof unit; two bearing seats are fixed below the ridge formed by the two side support beams using a rotating shaft hanger, and the two shafts A rotating shaft 8 is connected between the bearings, with the shaft end located within the groove of the support beam. Two sprockets 9 are symmetrically fixed on the rotating shaft, each with a chain 7 that engages with it. One end of the chain connects to the movable roof panel 1 of the front roof unit, and the other end connects to the movable roof panel 3 of the rear roof unit. When the movable roof panel of the front roof unit completely covers the opening 12 of the lower half of the front roof unit, the movable roof panel of the rear roof unit completely covers the opening 13 of the upper half of the rear roof unit. A first drive gear 16 and a second drive gear 20 are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft. One movable roof unit of this invention is referred to as a span, and the length of a span is 6 meters. A large dairy cow shed roof is approximately 45 meters wide and over 200 meters long. A length of over 200 meters requires approximately 20 spans of movable roof units (not all roofs are movable roofs), meaning the length of the movable roof is 120 meters.In a movable roof unit, the movable roof panel 1 of the front roof unit and the movable roof panel 3 of the rear roof unit have external dimensions of 10 meters * 6 meters and a weight of 1500 kilograms each. The movable roof panel of the front roof unit is referred to as Roof A, and the movable roof panel of the rear roof unit is referred to as Roof B. Roof A and Roof B are connected by a chain to form a linkage unit. The movable roof can be opened at any position using electric power in a linkage manner. The paired movable roof panels exhibit a left-right swaying motion at the same speed relative to the ridge, similar to a swaying motion, hence the name: electrically swaying movable roof.

[0023] Because the frictional resistance of a single linkage unit is very small, the electric motor drives the linkage unit to move through the shaft, sprocket, and chain to open and close the skylight. During this process, the weight of roofs A and B is used for the swaying motion, resulting in very low energy consumption. A single geared motor can be used to drive multiple linkage units simultaneously. For a structure in which one electric motor drives K linkage units to synchronously sway and open and close the roof, we call it: one electric unit.

[0024] Drive arrangement of a single electric unit:

[0025] As attached Figure 5 As shown, one electric unit consists of one geared motor, 2K transmission gears, 1K transmission shaft, 2K sprockets, 2K chains, and the above K linkage units, where K=4.

[0026] Specifically, the geared motor is fixed to a central movable roof unit by a hanger. The output shaft of the geared motor meshes with the first drive gear 16 at one end of the rotating shaft of each movable roof unit via a transmission gear 19, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The sprocket on the rotating shaft outputs a speed of 1.5 RPM to achieve a chain linear speed of 1 m / min, resulting in an electric swaying movable roof travel distance of 10.5 meters. Continuous operation for approximately 11 minutes allows for full closure or full opening. The first and second drive gears at adjacent shaft ends of the four movable roof units mesh with a transmission gear set fixed below the support beams of two adjacent movable roof units by a hanger, transmitting power to each other. This ensures that the rotating shafts of the four movable roof units rotate synchronously when the geared motor rotates.

[0027] For a cattle shed with a 120-meter-long movable roof, assuming each motorized unit has four movable roof units, five motorized units are required. The geared motors of the five motorized units can be controlled manually or remotely; the specific control circuit principle is detailed in the appendix. Figures 6-8The control circuit uses a 3-phase 4-wire power supply with a voltage of 380V / 220V. The circuit control simultaneously manages the forward, reverse, and stop operation of five motors via both remote control and manual operation, controlling the opening and closing of five skylights in the cattle shed. Each motor circuit has phase loss, overload, and short circuit protection functions, and the motor protectors are Delixi motor protectors. When the skylight is fully open, limit switches XK11~XK51 activate, automatically stopping the motor; similarly, when the skylight is fully closed, limit switches XK12~XK52 activate, stopping the motor.

[0028] Circuit operation process: Taking remote control as an example, pressing the "Open" button on the remote control closes the remote control switch K1, energizing contactor KM1. Its normally open contact KMI closes, and the contactor self-locks. Releasing the "Open" button on the remote control keeps contactor KM1 energized and self-locking. At this time, line L31 is energized, and the corresponding contactors KM11, KM21, KM31, KM41, and KM51 are energized. Motors MA1, MA2, MA3, MA4, and MA5 rotate forward, and the sunroof opens. When the sunroof is fully opened, the corresponding limit switch (XK12) activates, its normally closed contact opens, the corresponding contactor (KM12) is de-energized, and the motor (MA1) stops working. The opening of sunroof #1 is complete, and the rest are similar. To close the sunroof, pressing the "Close" button on the remote control closes the remote control switch K2. The operation process is similar to the opening process and will not be described again. Stop control: Remote switch K3 is off. Whether the sunroof is opening or closing, pressing the stop button on the remote will immediately stop the opening and closing motion. The linkage unit can be stopped at any position on the support beam track via remote control, thereby controlling the size of the sunroof opening.

[0029] Force analysis:

[0030] Although there are K linkage units in one electric unit, each linkage unit is a double-rail, independent drive shaft structure. We will take the linkage unit as an example to analyze the force.

[0031] The mass of the top of unit A is equal to the mass of the top of unit B, which is equal to G.

[0032] The mass of transmission components such as drive shafts, reducers, motors, and sprockets does not directly act on the track, and the output speed is relatively low, so their mass can be ignored.

[0033] The angle between the ridge of a typical cattle shed and the horizontal plane is 15 degrees. Stress analysis:

[0034] The force along the track is F1 = G × sin15° = 0.259G;

[0035] The force applied perpendicularly is F2 = G × cos15° = 0.966G;

[0036] Since the force F1 along the track is symmetrical and counteracts each other, the forces are balanced and converted into the tension force of the chain.

[0037] The vertical force F2 is converted into frictional force through the roller assembly. A nylon roller assembly is selected, and the coefficient of friction is chosen to be § = 0.15. Therefore, the resultant frictional force at points A and B is F = 0.15 × 0.966G × 2 = 0.3G. Thus, the total frictional force in one electric unit is FK = 0.3 × K × G.

[0038] Since the span of a cowshed is generally as large as 6 meters, and it is affected by factors such as wind, rain, and snow, the K value should not be too large. A K value of 1 to 6 is recommended; we selected a K value of 4; (see attached) Figure 5 As shown), the total frictional force of one electric unit F4 = 0.3 × 0.4 × G = 1.2G;

[0039] Motor power calculation:

[0040] A 1KW motor with a 1.5RPM output power can reach 6360NM.

[0041] Assuming G = 1500KG, sprocket nominal diameter 400, and rotational speed 1.5RPM; then the resistance torque of one electric unit with a capacity of 1.2G is calculated to be 3600NM.

[0042] Conclusion: 6360NM > 3600NM; a 1KW motor can meet the requirements.

[0043] Based on stress analysis and power calculation, the conclusion is that an electric swaying movable roof is feasible. One 1KW motor can fully meet the resistance requirements of one electric unit, and the power is sufficient.

Claims

1. An electrically driven, swaying movable roof device, comprising a movable roof unit and a geared motor, characterized in that: the movable roof unit... The roof unit is pointed, and is divided into a front roof unit and a rear roof unit by a ridge, and the front roof unit and the rear roof unit are both composed of two side support beams and roof plates, the two side support beams are two mutually parallel I-beams or channel steel beams, the roof plates include fixed roof plates and movable roof plates, the end of the front roof unit and the rear roof unit close to the ridge is defined as an upper part, and the end away from the ridge is defined as a lower part, the fixed roof plate of the front roof unit is arranged at the upper part of the front roof unit, and the two ends of the fixed roof plate are fixed with the upper end faces of the two side support beams and cover the upper half of the front roof unit, the movable roof plate is slidably connected with the grooves of the two side support beams through rollers and can cover the lower half of the front roof unit, the fixed roof plate of the rear roof unit is arranged at the lower part of the rear roof unit, and the two ends of the fixed roof plate are fixed with the lower end faces of the two side support beams and cover the lower half of the rear roof unit, the movable roof plate is slidably connected with the grooves of the two side support beams through rollers and can cover the upper half of the rear roof unit, a rotating shaft is fixed below the ridge by a bearing seat, chain wheels are fixed on the rotating shaft in a left-right symmetrical manner, a chain meshed with the chain wheels is arranged on the chain wheels, one end of the chain is connected with the movable roof plate of the front roof unit, and the other end of the chain is connected with the movable roof plate of the rear roof unit, when the movable roof plate of the front roof unit completely covers the lower half of the front roof unit, the movable roof plate of the rear roof unit just completely covers the upper half of the rear roof unit, drive gears are fixed at the two ends of the rotating shaft, a speed reducer is fixed on one movable roof unit, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is meshed with the drive gear at one end of the rotating shaft of one movable roof unit through a transmission gear, the movable roof plate of the front roof unit and the movable roof plate of the rear roof unit are of the same weight, the movable roof plate of the front roof unit is referred to as an A roof, the movable roof plate of the rear roof unit is referred to as a B roof, the A roof and the B roof are connected by the chain to form a linkage unit, the movable roof is opened at any position in a linkage mode by using electric power driving, and the paired movable roof plates present left-right swinging uniform motion relative to the ridge.

2. The electrically powered retractable roof arrangement of claim 1, wherein: The drive gears at the adjacent shaft ends of the rotating shafts of more than one movable roof unit can be meshed with each other through a transmission gear set.

3. The electrically powered retractable roof arrangement of claim 2, wherein: One set of speed reducers can drive 1-6 linkage units.

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