A U-shaped water-containing tunnel with the combined effect of water and tunnel configuration

Abstract

The present invention provides a U-shaped water-containing tunnel in which water and a tunnel structure interact, comprising a U-shaped tunnel, wherein the U-shaped tunnel comprises a U-shaped tunnel vertical section, a U-shaped tunnel entrance section, a water-filled water bag, an explosion-proof valve, a water inlet and outlet pipe, foamed aluminum, high-strength bolts, a fixed iron bracket, a U-shaped tunnel exit section, a front wall of the U-shaped tunnel front section, a concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel, a lower wall of the U-shaped tunnel section, and a rear wall of the U-shaped tunnel rear section, all of which are integrally formed during tunnel excavation; a fixed iron bracket is provided on the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel, and the fixed iron bracket is fixed with foamed aluminum, which is in contact with the contact surface of the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel. The present invention utilizes a method of filling the water bag to reduce damage to the tunnel structure caused by moisture, while ensuring the passage of personnel in wartime. The energy absorption effect of the foamed aluminum is utilized to further reduce the intensity of shock waves and reduce the damage to the tunnel structure caused by shock waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to tunnel structures, and in particular to a U-shaped water-containing tunnel in which water and a tunnel configuration act together. Background Art

[0002] After searching, the Chinese utility model application number is CN201820692312.7, the publication number is CN208520282U, and the name of the patent document is a tunnel wave-breaking device. There are two fixed water supply pipes, one is horizontally set at the upper position of the front wall of the tunnel, and the other is horizontally fixed at the upper position of the rear wall of the tunnel. The two water supply pipes are symmetrically arranged front to back; the atomizing nozzles are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the water supply pipes, and the connecting water pipe is vertically fixed at the lower position of the right end of the water supply pipe, and the connecting water pipe is fixedly connected to the water pump; the automatic control device is fixed at the left position of the connecting water pipe, and a control switch is provided in the automatic control device; there are four fixed pressure sensors; the pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the control switch and the water pump through the automatic control device. This tunnel wave-breaking device uses a water curtain to break the wave, which greatly improves the ability to resist and stop the explosion shock wave, reduces the air temperature in the tunnel, prevents the high-temperature smoke from harming personnel, and effectively protects the safety of personnel and materials in the tunnel;

[0003] After searching, the Chinese utility model application number is CN201822110541.6, the publication number is CN209512674U, and the name of the patent document is A different-side entry and exit diffusion chamber for shock wave dissipation, including an inlet, a chamber, and an outlet; the inlet, chamber, and outlet are connected in sequence to form a through body, the chamber is arranged at the lower right part of the inlet, and the outlet is arranged at the lower right part of the chamber; the inlet is composed of an inlet upper top and an inlet lower bottom; the outlet is composed of an outlet upper top and an outlet lower bottom; the inlet lower bottom of the inlet is vertically connected to the left wall of the chamber; the inlet upper top of the inlet is flush with the chamber upper top of the chamber, and is vertically connected to the chamber right wall of the chamber, and the chamber right wall is vertically connected to the outlet upper top; the chamber lower bottom of the chamber is flush with the outlet lower bottom, and is vertically connected to the left wall of the chamber. This type of diffusion chamber with opposite-side entry and exit for shock wave attenuation can solve the problem of low shock wave attenuation efficiency of the straight-through diffusion chamber, greatly improving the shock wave attenuation efficiency of the diffusion chamber. Compared with the straight-through diffusion chamber, it can reduce the shock wave pressure by 40%.

[0004] The above patent documents use water curtains for wave attenuation. Multiple water curtains can be set to attenuate the shock wave to a predetermined value. However, the equipment needs to be kept on all the time, which not only consumes electricity, but also causes drainage problems in the tunnel. The surrounding rock mass in the tunnel remains wet for a long time, affecting the structural strength. The diffusion chamber with inlet and outlet on the opposite side has a simple structure and low cost, but the wave attenuation rate is limited.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above problems, a U-shaped water-containing tunnel pit is designed in which water and tunnel components act together. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a U-shaped water-containing tunnel in which water and tunnel configuration work together, solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a water and tunnel structure acting together, comprising a U-shaped tunnel, wherein the U-shaped tunnel is formed integrally during tunnel excavation by a U-shaped tunnel vertical section, a U-shaped tunnel entrance section, a water-filled water bag, an explosion-proof valve, an inlet and outlet water pipe, foamed aluminum, high-strength bolts, a fixed iron bracket, a U-shaped tunnel exit section, a front wall of a U-shaped tunnel front section, a concave wall of the U-shaped tunnel U-section, a lower wall of the U-shaped tunnel section, and a rear wall of a U-shaped tunnel rear section;

[0009] A fixed iron bracket is provided on the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel, and foam aluminum is fixed on the fixed iron bracket. The foam aluminum fits the contact surface of the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel.

[0010] Furthermore, the front wall of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel, the lower wall of the U-shaped tunnel section, and the rear wall of the rear section of the U-shaped tunnel are all made of reinforced concrete.

[0011] Furthermore, a number of high-strength bolts are evenly arranged between the fixed iron bracket and the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel and are connected by a number of high-strength bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, a water-filled bag is fixedly installed on the lower wall of the U-shaped tunnel section, and an inlet and outlet water pipe is fixedly provided on the front wall of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel. One end of the inlet and outlet water pipe is fixedly connected to and communicated with the water-filled bag, and an explosion-proof valve is installed on the other end of the inlet and outlet water pipe.

[0013] The present invention provides a U-shaped water-containing tunnel in which water and tunnel structure work together. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. Compared with the existing technical solutions, the present invention solves the energy consumption and drainage problems of water curtain wave absorption, adds water as a wave absorption material, and increases the wave absorption capacity of the opposite side diffusion chamber;

[0015] 2. The present invention utilizes the energy absorption effect of foamed aluminum to further reduce the intensity of shock waves and reduce the damage to the tunnel structure caused by shock waves;

[0016] 3. The water bag of the present invention can be released and retracted in normal times to keep the tunnel dry and prevent the concrete from being soaked in water for a long time and affecting the structural strength. In wartime, it can be quickly filled with water to fill the U-shaped tunnel and can bear the weight of people to ensure the passage of people. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A two-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the foam aluminum, the mounting bolts, and the fixed iron bracket of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A diffraction diagram of a vertical section of a U-shaped tunnel according to the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the shock wave passing through a U-shaped section and water attenuation process of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the shock wave attenuation law in a U-shaped water-bearing tunnel is shown;

[0023] As shown in the figure: 1. U-shaped tunnel; 2. U-shaped tunnel vertical section; 3. U-shaped tunnel entrance section; 4. Water-filled water bag; 5. Explosion-proof valve; 6. Water inlet and outlet pipes; 7. Foam aluminum; 8. High-strength bolts; 9. Fixed iron bracket; 10. U-shaped tunnel exit section; 101. Front wall of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel; 102. Concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel; 103. Lower wall of the U-shaped tunnel section; 104. Rear wall of the rear section of the U-shaped tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example

[0026] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, a U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a combined effect of water and tunnel configuration is provided as follows:

[0027] Combine Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the present invention provides a U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a water and tunnel configuration acting together, including a U-shaped tunnel 1, wherein the U-shaped tunnel 1 is formed integrally during tunnel excavation by a U-shaped tunnel vertical section 2, a U-shaped tunnel entrance section 3, a water-filled water bag 4, an explosion-proof valve 5, an inlet and outlet water pipe 6, foam aluminum 7, high-strength bolts 8, a fixed iron bracket 9, a U-shaped tunnel outlet section 10, a front wall surface 101 of a U-shaped tunnel front section, a concave wall 102 of a U-shaped tunnel U-shaped section, a lower wall surface 103 of a U-shaped tunnel section, and a rear wall surface 104 of a U-shaped tunnel rear section;

[0028] The U-shaped tunnel U-section concave wall 102 is provided with a fixed iron bracket 9, and the fixed iron bracket 9 is fixed with foam aluminum 7. The foam aluminum 7 is in contact with the contact surface of the U-shaped tunnel U-section concave wall 102. A plurality of high-strength bolts 8 are evenly arranged between the fixed iron bracket 9 and the U-shaped tunnel U-section concave wall 102, and are connected by the plurality of high-strength bolts 8.

[0029] The front wall surface 101 of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel, the lower wall surface 103 of the U-shaped tunnel, and the rear wall surface 104 of the rear section of the U-shaped tunnel are all made of reinforced concrete.

[0030] A water-filled bag 4 is fixedly installed in the lower wall 103 of the U-shaped tunnel section, and an inlet and outlet water pipe 6 is fixedly installed on the front wall 101 of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel. One end of the inlet and outlet water pipe 6 is fixedly connected to and communicated with the water-filled bag 4, and an explosion-proof valve 5 is installed on the other end of the inlet and outlet water pipe 6.

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] When the shock wave enters the U-shaped tunnel entrance section 3, it is diffracted by the vertical section 2 of the U-shaped tunnel and reflected and absorbed by the foamed aluminum 7, thus weakening a portion of the shock wave (the foamed aluminum 7 has two functions here: first, it reflects and absorbs part of the shock wave; second, it acts as a buffer to reduce the damage caused by the shock wave to the concave wall of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel);

[0033] Part of the shock wave enters the water. Since the shock wave will be reflected and transmitted near the interface formed by different media, the energy (intensity) of the two depends on the wave impedance (the product of density and sound speed) of the media on both sides of the interface. Since the wave impedance of water is much greater than that of air, there is almost no transmission and it is completely reflected. Part of it is diffracted by the concave wall 102 of the U-shaped section of the U-shaped tunnel and propagates in the U-shaped tunnel. It is then reflected by the rear wall 104 of the rear section of the U-shaped tunnel and reflected and absorbed by the foam aluminum 7, further attenuating the shock wave. Finally, the shock wave reconverges at the exit section 10 of the U-shaped tunnel to form a new plane wave.

[0034] At the same time, the water bag 4 can be released and retracted in normal times to keep the tunnel dry and prevent the concrete from being soaked in water for a long time to affect the structural strength. In wartime, it can be quickly filled with water to fill the U-shaped tunnel and be able to bear the weight of personnel to ensure the passage of personnel.

[0035] In summary, the present invention utilizes the attenuation effect of corner tunnels and diffusion chambers on shock waves to establish a U-shaped tunnel model, and utilizes the repeated diffraction and reflection of shock waves in the tunnel to perform the first step of wave attenuation. Combined with the characteristics of high wave impedance and weak cohesion of water, it is set as an energy-absorbing material. After the shock wave is transmitted into the water, it can hardly be projected out again, and the wave attenuation effect is significant. The method of filling water bags is used to reduce the damage to the tunnel structure caused by moisture and ensure the passage of personnel in wartime. The energy absorption effect of foamed aluminum is utilized to further reduce the intensity of the shock wave and reduce the damage to the tunnel structure caused by the shock wave.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A U-shaped water-containing tunnel in which water and tunnel configuration interact, comprising a U-shaped tunnel (1), characterized in that: The U-shaped tunnel (1) is formed as a whole when the tunnel structure is excavated, comprising a U-shaped tunnel vertical section (2), a U-shaped tunnel entrance section (3), a water-filled bag (4), an explosion-proof valve (5), an inlet and outlet water pipe (6), foamed aluminum (7), high-strength bolts (8), a fixed iron bracket (9), a U-shaped tunnel outlet section (10), a front wall surface (101) of the U-shaped tunnel front section, a concave wall (102) of the U-shaped tunnel U-shaped section, a lower wall surface (103) of the U-shaped tunnel section, and a rear wall surface (104) of the U-shaped tunnel rear section; A fixed iron bracket (9) is provided on the U-shaped concave wall (102) of the U-shaped tunnel, and foam aluminum (7) is fixed on the fixed iron bracket (9), and the foam aluminum (7) is in contact with the contact surface of the U-shaped concave wall (102) of the U-shaped tunnel.

2. A U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a water and tunnel configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front wall surface (101) of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel, the lower wall surface (103) of the U-shaped tunnel, and the rear wall surface (104) of the rear section of the U-shaped tunnel are all made of reinforced concrete.

3. The U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a combined effect of water and tunnel configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of high-strength bolts (8) are evenly arranged between the fixed iron bracket (9) and the U-shaped tunnel U-section concave wall (102), and the fixed iron bracket (9) and the U-shaped tunnel U-section concave wall (102) are connected by the plurality of high-strength bolts (8).

4. The U-shaped water-containing tunnel with a combined effect of water and tunnel configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-filled bag (4) is fixedly installed in the lower wall surface (103) of the U-shaped tunnel section, and an inlet and outlet water pipe (6) is fixedly installed on the front wall surface (101) of the front section of the U-shaped tunnel. One end of the inlet and outlet water pipe (6) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the water-filled bag (4), and an explosion-proof valve (5) is installed on the other end of the inlet and outlet water pipe (6).

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