A grinding machine headstock

Abstract

The application relates to a grinder headstock, which comprises a support, a hydraulic clamp and a servo motor, the support is internally provided with a containing cavity; the hydraulic clamp is located in the containing cavity, the hydraulic clamp comprises a cylinder body, the cylinder body is internally connected with a tension sleeve, a hydraulic cavity is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the outer wall of the tension sleeve, an oil supply cavity is arranged on the cylinder body and communicates with the hydraulic cavity, hollow gland covers are connected to the two ends of the cylinder body, and the hollow cavity of the hollow gland cover is provided with a first chamfer at the outer end; and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the cylinder body. The application can effectively avoid interference with a polishing tool, facilitates polishing operation, effectively guarantees the uniformity and stability of workpiece clamping force, and guarantees the clamping and polishing quality of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding machine technology, and in particular to a grinding machine headstock. Background Technology

[0002] The headstock of a grinding machine is mainly used to hold the workpiece to be ground so that the grinding tool can perform grinding operations on the workpiece. However, for internal circle or internal thread grinding operations, the existing clamping structure of the grinding headstock is prone to interference with the grinding tool, making it inconvenient to perform grinding operations. In addition, the existing clamping structure is prone to uneven clamping force, which can cause workpiece deformation and make it impossible to guarantee the processing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that the clamping structure of the grinding headstock in the prior art is prone to interference with the grinding tool and uneven clamping force.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a grinding headstock, comprising,

[0005] The support has an internal accommodating cavity;

[0006] A hydraulic clamp is located in the accommodating cavity. The hydraulic clamp includes a cylinder body, an expansion sleeve is connected inside the cylinder body, a hydraulic cavity is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the outer wall of the expansion sleeve, an oil supply cavity is provided on the cylinder body, the oil supply cavity is connected to the hydraulic cavity, and hollow pressure caps are connected to both ends of the cylinder body. The hollow pressure caps have a first chamfer at the outer end of the hollow cavity.

[0007] A servo motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the cylinder body.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first annular protrusion is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder, and tension sleeves are provided on both sides of the first annular protrusion. One end of each tension sleeve abuts against the first annular protrusion, and the other end abuts against the corresponding hollow pressure cap.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, a snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the contact surface of the tensioning sleeve and the corresponding hollow pressure cap, and a snap-fit ​​block adapted to the snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the hollow pressure cap, and the snap-fit ​​block is inserted into the corresponding snap-fit ​​groove.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the snap-fit ​​groove includes an arc-shaped groove, one end of which is a limiting end. A limiting groove is formed on the bottom of the limiting end. The limiting end is also provided with a first notch. The opening direction of the first notch faces the abutting hollow pressure cap. The snap-fit ​​block includes an arc-shaped block. A limiting block is provided at the lower part of the arc-shaped block. The width of the limiting block is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped block. The arc-shaped block is inserted into the arc-shaped groove, and the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the tensioning sleeves has a second annular protrusion at both ends, and an annular groove is formed between the second annular protrusions at both ends of the tensioning sleeve. The hydraulic cavity is formed between the annular groove and the inner wall of the cylinder. A sealing groove is provided on the second annular protrusion, and a sealing ring is connected in the sealing groove.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a turntable is connected to the lower part of the support, and the turntable is driven to rotate by a first motor.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the support are connected to hollow end caps, and the hollow end caps have a second chamfer on the outer side of the hollow cavity facing outward.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second chamfer is greater than 20°.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first chamfer is greater than 20°.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting oil port is provided on the end face of the cylinder body, the adjusting oil port is connected to the oil supply chamber, and an adjusting valve is connected to the adjusting oil port. The adjusting valve includes a valve body, and the valve body has a valve cavity inside. A valve core is slidably connected in the valve cavity. The valve cavity is connected to an adjusting bolt by a thread. One end of the adjusting bolt extends into the valve cavity. A steel ball is provided between the adjusting bolt and the valve core. A spring is also connected between the valve core and the valve cavity.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] The grinding headstock described in this invention can effectively avoid interference with the grinding tools, facilitate the implementation of grinding operations, and effectively ensure the uniformity and stability of the workpiece clamping force, thus guaranteeing the clamping and grinding quality of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding headstock of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the grinding headstock from another angle.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The front view of the grinding machine headstock is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The side view of the grinding headstock shown;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Sectional view at point AA;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a grinding wheel extending into the support for grinding operations;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic clamp.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The front view of the hydraulic clamp shown;

[0028] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Sectional view at point BB;

[0029] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Exploded view of a hydraulic clamp;

[0030] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the tensioning sleeve and its corresponding hollow pressure cap assembly;

[0031] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point M;

[0032] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0033] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of point N in the middle;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the hydraulic clamp and support;

[0035] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A magnified view of a section at point G in the middle;

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals on the accompanying drawings:

[0037] 1. Frame; 2. Support; 3. Hollow end cap; 31. Second chamfer; 4. Servo motor; 5. Hydraulic clamp; 51. Cylinder body; 511. Oil supply chamber; 512. First annular protrusion; 513. Adjusting oil port; 52. Tensioning sleeve; 521. Snap-fit ​​groove; 5211. Arc groove; 5212. Limiting end; 5213. Limiting groove; 5214. First notch; 522. Second annular protrusion; 523. Annular groove; 524. 1. Sealing groove; 6. Hydraulic chamber; 7. Hollow pressure cap; 71. First chamfer; 72. Snap-fit ​​block; 721. Arc block; 722. Limit block; 8. Pressure gauge; 9. Pressure test connector; 10. Turntable; 11. First motor; 12. Slewing bearing; 13. Regulating valve; 131. Valve body; 132. Valve chamber; 133. Valve core; 134. Adjusting bolt; 135. Steel ball; 14. Grating ruler; 15. Grinding wheel; 151. Grinding wheel rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-5 As shown, a grinding headstock of the present invention includes a support 2, a hydraulic clamp 5, and a servo motor 4.

[0040] Support 2 has an internal accommodating cavity;

[0041] Hydraulic clamp 5 is located in the receiving cavity, such as Figures 7-10 As shown, the hydraulic clamp 5 includes a cylinder body 51, a tensioning sleeve 52 connected inside the cylinder body 51, and a workpiece placed inside the tensioning sleeve 52. A hydraulic cavity 6 is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body 51 and the outer wall of the tensioning sleeve 52. An oil supply cavity 511 is provided on the cylinder body 51, and the oil supply cavity 511 is connected to the hydraulic cavity 6. Hollow pressure caps 7 are connected to both ends of the cylinder body 51. A first chamfer 71 is provided at the outer end of the hollow cavity of the hollow pressure cap 7.

[0042] The output shaft of the servo motor 4 is connected to the cylinder 51 so that the hydraulic clamp 5 and the workpiece being clamped can rotate together through the servo motor 4.

[0043] In the above structure, the hydraulic clamp 5 is used to clamp the workpiece, which is placed inside the tension sleeve 52. The tension sleeve 52 is a tubular thin-walled part whose outer wall undergoes elastic deformation and indents inward when subjected to external force, returning to its original shape after the external force disappears. Hydraulic oil is supplied to the corresponding hydraulic chamber 6 through the oil supply chamber 511. When the oil pressure in the hydraulic chamber 6 increases, the tension sleeve 52 deforms and indents inward, thereby clamping the workpiece inside. When the tension sleeve 52 clamps the workpiece, a surface contact is formed between the inner wall of the tension sleeve 52 and the workpiece, rather than a line contact, thus effectively ensuring the uniformity and stability of the workpiece clamping force and making it less prone to local deformation of the workpiece. In addition, the structure of the hydraulic clamp 5 is also less likely to interfere with the grinding tool.

[0044] When clamping the workpiece, the workpiece needs to pass through the hollow cavity of the hollow cover 7 into the tensioning sleeve 52. Similarly, the grinding head (grinding wheel assembly) also needs to pass through the hollow cavity of the hollow cover 7 to enter the workpiece for grinding. By setting a first chamfer 71 at the outer end of the hollow cavity of the hollow cover 7, the end of the hollow cavity is made into a trumpet shape. This ensures that when grinding the workpiece (hollow shaft-type parts) with internal cylindrical grinding or grinding internal thread grooves with a certain thread helix angle, the grinding wheel shank 151 will not interfere with surrounding components (such as...). Figure 6 (As shown).

[0045] Furthermore, the servo motor 4 is located inside the accommodating cavity, and the output shaft of the servo motor 4 is a hollow shaft. The cylinder body 51 is inserted into the hollow shaft of the servo motor 4 and fixed therein.

[0046] Servo motor 4 is an integrated motor with a speed reducer integrated into it, enabling it to output stable speed and high torque.

[0047] In one implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first chamfer 71 is greater than 20° to better meet the requirements of process and anti-interference effect.

[0048] Preferably, the first chamfer 71 is 30°, which can well meet the processing requirement of a maximum grinding thread helix angle of 7°.

[0049] In one implementation, such as Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, a first annular protrusion 512 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder body 51. Tensioning sleeves 52 are provided on both sides of the first annular protrusion 512. One end of each tensioning sleeve 52 abuts against the first annular protrusion 512, and the other end abuts against the corresponding hollow pressure cap 7. That is, each tensioning sleeve 52 is located between the first annular protrusion 512 and a corresponding hollow pressure cap 7, thereby achieving effective positioning.

[0050] Each tensioning sleeve 52 corresponds to an independent hydraulic chamber 6, and the hydraulic chambers 6 of both tensioning sleeves 52 are supplied with oil by the oil supply chamber 511 on the cylinder body 51.

[0051] The two tensioning sleeves 52 can clamp the front and rear ends of the workpiece respectively, which also helps to better ensure the reliability of clamping.

[0052] Furthermore, a pressure gauge 8 and a pressure test connector 9 are also connected to the cylinder block 51 to detect the oil pressure in the oil supply chamber 511.

[0053] In one implementation, such as Figures 11-14 As shown, the tensioning sleeve 52 and the corresponding hollow pressure cap 7 are provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 521 on their abutting surfaces. The hollow pressure cap 7 is provided with a snap-fit ​​block 72 that is compatible with the snap-fit ​​groove. The snap-fit ​​block 72 is inserted into the snap-fit ​​groove 521 on the corresponding side. This method can ensure a reliable connection between the tensioning sleeve 52 and the pressure cap, and also facilitates the installation and removal of the tensioning sleeve 52.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 14 As shown, the snap-fit ​​groove 521 includes an arc-shaped groove 5211, one end of which is a limiting end 5212. A limiting groove 5213 is formed on the bottom of the limiting end 5212. The limiting end 5212 is also provided with a first notch 5214, the opening direction of which faces the abutting hollow pressure cap 7. The snap-fit ​​block 72 includes an arc-shaped block 721, and a limiting block 722 is provided at the lower part of the arc-shaped block 721. Figure 12 As shown, the arc-shaped block 721 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 5211, and the limiting block 722 is inserted into the limiting groove 5213. The width of the limiting block 722 is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped block 721, so that the limiting block 722 can be inserted into the limiting groove 5213.

[0055] When installing the hollow cover 7, first insert the arc-shaped block 721 on the snap-fit ​​block 72 of the hollow cover 7 into the arc-shaped groove 5211 on the end face of the tension sleeve 52, and make the limiting block 722 insert into the first notch 5214. Then rotate the hollow cover 7 so that the limiting block 722 slides along the limiting groove 5213 away from the limiting end 5212 until the limiting block 722 is snapped into the limiting groove 5213. At this time, the hollow cover 7 and the tension sleeve 52 are fully engaged and fixed, and the hollow cover 7 will not slip axially. If necessary, after the hollow cover 7 and the tension sleeve 52 are fully engaged and fixed, bolts can be used for reinforcement. When it is necessary to disassemble the tension sleeve 52, due to the action of the interlocking structure, simply pull out the cover, and the tension sleeve 52 can be taken out at the same time. Thus, the tension sleeve 52 can be quickly replaced without the need for external tooling. Especially when different tensioning sleeves 52 need to be replaced according to the outer diameter of different workpieces, the ease of replacement is greatly improved.

[0056] In one embodiment, each tensioning sleeve 52 has a second annular protrusion 522 at both ends, and an annular groove 523 is formed between the second annular protrusions 522 at both ends of the tensioning sleeve 52. A hydraulic cavity 6 is formed between the annular groove 523 and the inner wall of the cylinder 51. A sealing groove 524 is provided on the second annular protrusion 522, and a sealing ring is connected in the sealing groove 524 to ensure that the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity 6 does not leak.

[0057] Furthermore, each second annular protrusion 522 is provided with at least two sealing grooves 524, and a sealing ring is connected inside the sealing groove 524. Through multiple seals, it can better ensure that the hydraulic oil will not leak, so that the pressure of the overall hydraulic system is stable and pressure loss is not likely to occur.

[0058] In one embodiment, a turntable 10 is connected to the lower part of the support 2, and the turntable 10 is driven to rotate by a first motor 11.

[0059] Furthermore, the turntable 10 and the first motor 11 are connected by a slewing bearing 12. The slewing bearing 12 includes an inner ring and an outer ring that rotate relative to each other. The housing of the first motor 11 is connected to the frame 1. The output shaft of the first motor 11 can be connected to the inner ring of the slewing bearing 12, which is fixed to the turntable 10. The outer ring of the slewing bearing 12 is connected to the frame 1.

[0060] The turntable 10 can drive the support 2 to rotate 180°, so that when processing longer workpieces, after grinding the front side, the headstock can be rotated 180° by the turntable 10 and then ground from the back side. This way, the entire grinding process can be completed by grinding from both sides, avoiding the problem that grinding longer workpieces cannot be completed by grinding the inner circle on one side.

[0061] In one embodiment, both ends of the support 2 are connected to hollow end caps 3, and the hollow cavity of the hollow end cap 3 is provided with a second chamfer 31 on the outer side.

[0062] When clamping the workpiece, the workpiece must pass through the hollow cavities of the hollow end cap 3 and the hollow pressure cap 7 in sequence before entering the tensioning sleeve 52. Similarly, the grinding head (grinding wheel assembly) must also pass through the hollow cavities of the hollow end cap 3 and the hollow pressure cap 7 in sequence before entering the workpiece to perform the grinding operation. This makes the end of the hollow cavity of the hollow end cap 3 flared, so that when performing internal cylindrical grinding or grinding internal thread grooves with a certain thread helix angle, the grinding wheel shank 151 will not interfere with the surrounding components when the grinding wheel 15 extends into the workpiece for grinding.

[0063] Furthermore, a sealing element is installed between each hollow end cap 3 and the corresponding support 2 end face to ensure a sealing effect and prevent coolant or other foreign objects from entering the head frame during processing.

[0064] In one embodiment, the second chamfer 31 is greater than 20° to better meet process requirements and prevent interference.

[0065] Preferably, the second chamfer 31 is 30°.

[0066] In one implementation, such as Figures 15-16 As shown, an adjustment port is provided on the end face of the cylinder block. The adjustment port is connected to the oil supply chamber. An adjustment valve is connected to the adjustment port. The adjustment valve includes a valve body and has a valve cavity inside. A valve core is slidably connected in the valve cavity. The valve cavity is connected to an adjustment bolt by a thread. One end of the adjustment bolt extends into the valve cavity. A steel ball is provided between the adjustment bolt and the valve core. A spring is also connected between the valve core and the valve cavity.

[0067] The aforementioned regulating valve regulates oil pressure. When the adjusting bolt is tightened, the end of the bolt pushes the steel ball within the valve chamber, causing the steel ball to press against the valve core and compress the hydraulic oil. Since the regulating port, supply chamber, and hydraulic chamber are interconnected oil passages, the movement of the valve core reduces the oil space within the passages, ultimately increasing the oil pressure within the hydraulic chamber. This high pressure causes the tensioning sleeve to elastically deform and clamp the workpiece. Additionally, a spring connects the valve core and the valve chamber. When pressure is applied, the spring compresses and deforms; when pressure is released, the spring returns to its free length, pushing the valve core back to its original position.

[0068] Furthermore, a seal is provided between the end of the adjusting bolt that extends into the valve cavity and the valve body, and a seal is also provided between the valve core and the valve body to ensure a sealing effect and prevent oil leakage.

[0069] In one embodiment, a grating ruler is also connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic clamp to provide real-time feedback on the rotation angle of the servo motor output shaft, thereby achieving precise angle segmentation and positioning.

[0070] The aforementioned grating ruler 14 can be a circular grating ruler 14.

[0071] In one embodiment, the tensioning sleeve 52 can be made of one of the elastic materials selected from 50CrVA, 60SiMnA, 3Cr13 or 1Cr18Ni9, and can undergo an elastic deformation of 0.06 mm after hydraulic oil is pressurized.

[0072] When using the grinding headstock of the present invention, the workpiece to be ground is simply placed in the tensioning sleeve 52 of the hydraulic clamp 5, and then the adjusting bolt 134 of the adjusting valve 13 is tightened to apply pressure, so that the tensioning sleeve 52 clamps the workpiece.

[0073] The grinding headstock of the above embodiment is mainly used in CNC internal grinding machines, especially suitable for internal thread raceway grinding processes. The workpieces processed are usually hollow shaft parts.

[0074] The grinding headstock of the above embodiment can effectively avoid interference with the grinding tools, facilitate the implementation of grinding operations, and effectively ensure the uniformity and stability of the workpiece clamping force, thus ensuring the clamping and grinding quality of the workpiece.

[0075] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A grinder headstock, characterized by: The utility model relates to a hydraulic clamp, including, Support, the inside of the support has the accommodation cavity, both ends of the support are connected with the hollow end cover, Hydraulic clamp, the hydraulic clamp is located in the accommodation cavity, the hydraulic clamp includes cylinder body, the inside of the cylinder body is connected with the expansion sleeve, the hydraulic cavity is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the outer wall of the expansion sleeve, the oil supply cavity is arranged on the cylinder body, the oil supply cavity and the hydraulic cavity are connected, both ends of the cylinder body are connected with the hollow gland, the hollow cavity of the hollow gland is provided with the first chamfer towards the one end of the outside, Servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the cylinder body, The inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with the first annular protrusion in the middle, the expansion sleeve is arranged on both sides of the first annular protrusion, one end of each expansion sleeve abuts on the first annular protrusion, and the other end abuts on the corresponding hollow gland, The abutting surface of the expansion sleeve and the corresponding hollow gland is provided with a clamping groove, the hollow gland is provided with a clamping block matched with the clamping groove, and the clamping block is inserted into the corresponding clamping groove, The clamping groove includes an arc-shaped groove, one end of the arc-shaped groove is a limiting end, a limiting groove is formed in the groove bottom of the limiting end, the limiting end is also provided with a first notch, the opening direction of the first notch is towards the abutting hollow gland, the clamping block includes an arc-shaped block, the lower part of the arc-shaped block is provided with a limiting block, the width of the limiting block is less than the width of the arc-shaped block, the arc-shaped block is inserted into the arc-shaped groove, and the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove.

2. The grinder headstock of claim 1, wherein: Both ends of each expansion sleeve have second annular protrusions, an annular groove is formed between the second annular protrusions at both ends of the expansion sleeve, the annular groove and the inner wall of the cylinder body form the hydraulic cavity, a sealing groove is arranged on the second annular protrusion, and a sealing ring is connected in the sealing groove.

3. The grinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the support is connected with a rotary table, and the rotary table is driven to rotate by a first motor.

4. The grinder headstock of claim 1, wherein: The hollow cavity of the hollow end cover is provided with a second chamfer towards the one end of the outside.

5. The grinder head as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The second chamfer is greater than 20 DEG.

6. The grinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The first chamfer is greater than 20 DEG.

7. The grinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: An adjusting oil port is arranged on the end face of the cylinder body, the adjusting oil port is connected with the oil supply cavity, an adjusting valve is connected at the adjusting oil port, the adjusting valve includes a valve body, the inside of the valve body has a valve cavity, a valve core is slidably connected in the valve cavity, the valve cavity is connected through threads and an adjusting bolt, one end of the adjusting bolt extends into the valve cavity, a steel ball is arranged between the adjusting bolt and the valve core, and a spring is further connected between the valve core and the valve cavity.

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