Virtual reality devices

Abstract

The application discloses a virtual reality device, comprising: a first optical system comprising a first element group and a second element group; the first element group has positive focal power and comprises a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a quarter-wave plate and a second lens; the second element group has positive focal power or negative focal power and comprises a third lens; and a second optical system comprising: a first lens with negative focal power, a second lens with positive focal power, a third lens and a fourth lens with opposite signs of focal power, a fifth lens with positive focal power and a sixth lens with negative focal power; wherein a real image formed by the second optical system is transmitted to a display in the form of an electrical signal, and the first optical system projects a real image and a virtual image on the display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to a virtual reality device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, ecosystems such as Mixed Reality (MR) and Extended Reality (XR) based on VR and AR technologies are gradually being established.

[0003] Currently, the video see-through (VST) technology that integrates the virtual and real worlds mainly uses a see-through lens to capture real images of real-world objects and transmits them to a display in the form of electrical signals. The display then shows the real and virtual images of the real objects, and finally projects the images onto the human eye through an eyepiece to create a see-through fusion effect.

[0004] However, the light transmission of the two optical systems, the perspective lens and the eyepiece, differs due to different environments in which they are used, which can lead to abnormal contrast in the fused image. In addition, the peripheral light obstruction at the edge of the perspective lens can cause certain safety hazards and affect the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a virtual reality device, including a first optical system and a second optical system. The real image formed by the second optical system is transmitted to a display in the form of an electrical signal. The first optical system projects the real image and a virtual image onto the display. The first optical system, along a first optical axis from the viewer's eye to the display side, sequentially includes: a first element group having positive optical power, and along the first optical axis from the viewer's eye to the display side, sequentially includes: a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a quarter-wave plate, and a second lens, or a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a second lens, and a quarter-wave plate; and a second element group having positive or negative optical power, including a third lens; the second optical system along... The second optical axis, from the object side to the image side, sequentially includes: a first lens with negative optical power; a second lens with positive optical power; a third lens; a fourth lens with an optical power sign opposite to that of the third lens; a fifth lens with positive optical power; and a sixth lens with negative optical power. The distance TDA from the eye-side of the first lens to the display-side of the third lens on the first optical axis, the effective focal length fA of the first optical system, the distance TDB from the object-side of the first lens to the image-side of the sixth lens on the second optical axis, and the effective focal length fB of the second optical system can satisfy: 0.5 < (TDA / fA) * (TDB / fB) < 1.5.

[0006] This application provides a virtual reality device, including a first optical system and a second optical system. A real image formed by the second optical system is transmitted to a display in the form of an electrical signal. The first optical system projects the real image and a virtual image onto the display. The first optical system, along a first optical axis from the viewer's side to the display side, sequentially includes: a first element group having positive optical power, and along the first optical axis from the viewer's side to the display side, sequentially includes: a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a quarter-wave plate, and a second lens, or a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a second lens, and a quarter-wave plate; and a second element group having positive or negative optical power, including a third lens; the second optical system, along a second optical axis from the object side to the image side, sequentially includes: a first element group having positive or negative optical power, and a second element group having: a first element group having positive or negative optical power, and a second element group having: a second element group having positive or negative optical power, and a second element group including: a third element group. The system includes: a first lens with negative optical power; a second lens with positive optical power; a third lens; a fourth lens with an optical power sign opposite to that of the third lens; a fifth lens with positive optical power; and a sixth lens with negative optical power. The distance TDA between the human eye side of the first lens and the display side of the third lens on the first optical axis, the maximum field of view FOVA of the first optical system, the distance TDB between the object side of the first lens and the image side of the sixth lens on the second optical axis, and the maximum field of view FOVB of the second optical system can satisfy: 1.4 < (TDA * tan(FOVA / 2)) / (TDB * tan(FOVB / 2)) < 2.4.

[0007] In one embodiment, the sum of the center thicknesses CT1A of the first lens on the first optical axis, CT2A of the second lens on the first optical axis, CT3A of the third lens on the first optical axis, and ∑CTB of the center thicknesses of the first to sixth lenses on the second optical axis in the first optical system can satisfy: 3.5 < (CT1A + CT2A + CT3A) / ∑CTB < 5.5.

[0008] In one embodiment, the effective focal length FG1A of the first element group in the first optical system, the entrance pupil diameter EPDA of the first optical system, the effective focal length f1B of the first lens in the second optical system, and the entrance pupil diameter EPDB of the second optical system can satisfy: -15.2 < (FG1A / EPDA) * (f1B / EPDB) < -13.5.

[0009] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R1A of the first lens on the human eye side, the radius of curvature R2A of the first lens on the display side, the radius of curvature R3A of the second lens on the human eye side, and the radius of curvature R4A of the second lens on the display side can satisfy: 1.0 < (R3A + R4A) / (R1A + R2A) < 1.5.

[0010] In one embodiment, the effective focal length FG1A of the first element group in the first optical system, the center thickness CT1A of the first lens on the first optical axis in the first optical system, the air gap T12A between the first lens and the second lens on the first optical axis in the first optical system, the center thickness CT2A of the second lens on the first optical axis in the first optical system, the center thickness CTRA of the reflective polarizing element on the first optical axis in the first optical system, and the center thickness CTQA of the quarter-wave plate on the first optical axis in the first optical system can satisfy: 1.8 <FG1A / (CT1A+T12A+CT2A+CTRA+CTQA)<2.8。

[0011] In one embodiment, the refractive index N1A of the first lens in the first optical system, the refractive index N3A of the third lens in the first optical system, the effective focal length fA of the first optical system, and the entrance pupil diameter EPDA of the first optical system can satisfy: 18 < (N1A + N3A) * (fA / EPDA) < 19.

[0012] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R5A of the third lens on the human eye side of the first optical system, the radius of curvature R6A of the third lens on the display side of the first optical system, and the effective focal length fA of the first optical system can satisfy: 1.7 < |R5A + R6A| / fA < 3.5.

[0013] In one embodiment, the effective focal length f2B of the second lens in the second optical system, the effective focal length f3B of the third lens in the second optical system, the effective focal length f4B of the fourth lens in the second optical system, and the combined focal length f234B of the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens in the second optical system can satisfy: 0.7 < (f2B + f3B + f4B) * f234B < 2.4.

[0014] In one embodiment, the combined focal length f34B of the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system, the center thickness CT3B of the third lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system, the air gap T34B between the third and fourth lenses on the second optical axis in the second optical system, and the center thickness CT4B of the fourth lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system can satisfy: 9.6 < |f34B| / (CT3B+T34B+CT4B) < 17.3.

[0015] In one embodiment, the effective focal length f1B of the first lens in the second optical system and the effective focal length f6B2 of the sixth lens in the second optical system can satisfy: 3.1 < (f1B + f6B) / (f1B - f6B) < 4.7.

[0016] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view (FOVB) of the second optical system, the effective focal length (fB) of the second optical system, and the entrance pupil diameter (EPDB) of the second optical system can satisfy: 3.5 <tan(FOVB / 2)*(fB / EPDB)<4。

[0017] In one embodiment, the air gap T12B between the first lens and the second lens on the second optical axis, the air gap T23B between the second lens and the third lens on the second optical axis, the air gap T34B between the third lens and the fourth lens on the second optical axis, the air gap T45B between the fourth lens and the fifth lens on the second optical axis, and the air gap T56B between the fifth lens and the sixth lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system can satisfy: 1.0 <T12B / (T23B+T34B+T45B+T56B)<1.4。

[0018] The virtual reality device of this application, through the reasonable configuration of the components of the first optical system and the second optical system, enables the first optical system to achieve optical path folding, expands the field of view of the second optical system, and controls the relationship between the distance from the first to the last surface of the lens in the first optical system and the effective focal length of the first optical system, and the relationship between the distance from the first to the last surface of the lens in the second optical system and the effective focal length of the second optical system, so that they satisfy 0.5 < (TDA / fA)*(TDB / fB) < 1.5. This facilitates the reasonable allocation and connection of the focal lengths of the first and second optical systems, and also helps to indirectly control the light transmission of the first and second optical systems, so as to balance the light transmission of the two optical systems, avoid abnormal contrast, and better realize the image transmission and combination of the two optical systems. Furthermore, by limiting the above relationship within a reasonable range, it is beneficial to achieve a short focal length and wide angle while maintaining a small total optical length, which can enhance the ability to capture real-world objects, reduce the phenomenon of peripheral light obstruction, reduce safety hazards, and improve the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0020] Figures 1A to 1C A schematic diagram of the internal structure, a front view, and a rear view of a virtual reality device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application are shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system according to this application is shown;

[0022] Figures 3A to 3C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system are shown respectively.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system according to this application is shown;

[0024] Figures 5A to 5C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system are shown respectively.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system according to this application is shown;

[0026] Figures 7A to 7C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system are shown respectively.

[0027] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system according to this application is shown;

[0028] Figures 9A to 9C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system are shown respectively.

[0029] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system according to this application is shown;

[0030] Figures 11A to 11C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system are shown respectively.

[0031] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system according to this application is shown;

[0032] Figures 13A to 13C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system are shown respectively.

[0033] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system according to this application is shown; and

[0034] Figures 15A to 15C The on-axis chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system are shown respectively. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better understand this application, various aspects of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first optical system discussed below may also be referred to as the second optical system, and the second optical system may also be referred to as the first optical system.

[0037] In the accompanying drawings, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated for ease of illustration. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not strictly to scale.

[0038] In this paper, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when expressions such as "at least one of..." appear after a list of listed features, they modify the entire list of features, not individual elements in the list. Additionally, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0043] Figures 1A to 1C A schematic diagram of the internal structure, a front view, and a rear view of a virtual reality device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application are shown. Figures 1A to 1C As shown, the virtual reality device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of this application may include a first optical system 110 and a second optical system 120. The first optical system 110 may be an eyepiece, and the second optical system 120 may be a perspective lens. The second optical system 120 acquires a real image of a real scene, and the formed real image is transmitted to a display 130 in the form of an electrical signal. The first optical system 110 projects the real image and virtual image on the display 130 to the human eye 200.

[0044] The first optical system 110 may include a first element group and a second element group arranged sequentially along a first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side. The first element group may have positive optical power and may include a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a quarter-wave plate, and a second lens arranged sequentially along the first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side, or a reflective polarizing element, a first lens, a second lens, and a quarter-wave plate. The second element group may have positive or negative optical power and may include a third lens.

[0045] The second optical system 120 may include a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along a second optical axis. The first lens may have negative optical power, the second lens may have positive optical power, the optical powers of the third and fourth lenses may have opposite signs, the fifth lens may have positive optical power, and the sixth lens may have negative optical power.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the eye-side surface of the first lens of the first optical system 110 may be concave, and the display-side surface may be convex; the eye-side surface of the second lens of the first optical system 110 may be concave, and the display-side surface may be convex; the eye-side surface of the third lens of the first optical system 110 may be concave, and the display-side surface may be either convex or concave.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one of the first to third lenses of the first optical system 110 may be an aspherical lens. Aspherical lenses have better radius of curvature characteristics and have the advantages of improving distortion aberration and astigmatism aberration. By using an aspherical lens, aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving image quality.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one of the first to sixth lenses of the second optical system 120 may be an aspherical lens.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 0.5 < (TDA / fA) * (TDB / fB) < 1.5, where TDA is the distance on the first optical axis from the human eye side of the first lens to the display side of the third lens in the first optical system 110, fA is the effective focal length of the first optical system 110, TDB is the distance on the second optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the sixth lens in the second optical system 120, and fB is the effective focal length of the second optical system 120.

[0050] According to the exemplary embodiment of the virtual reality device 100 of this application, by reasonably configuring the components of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120, the first optical system 110 achieves optical path folding, the second optical system 120 expands the field of view, and controls the relationship between the distance from the first surface to the last surface of the lens in the first optical system 110 and the effective focal length of the first optical system 110, and the relationship between the distance from the first surface to the last surface of the lens in the second optical system 120 and the effective focal length of the second optical system 120, so that they satisfy 0.5 < (TDA / fA) * (TDB / f B) < 1.5, which facilitates the reasonable allocation and connection of the focal lengths of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120. It also helps to indirectly control the light transmission of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120, so that the light transmission of the two optical systems is balanced, avoiding abnormal contrast. It can better realize the image transmission and combination of the two optical systems. Furthermore, by limiting the above relationship to a reasonable range, it is beneficial to achieve a short focal length and wide angle while maintaining a small total optical length. This can enhance the ability to capture real-world objects, reduce the phenomenon of peripheral light obstruction, reduce safety hazards, and improve the user experience.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 1.4 < (TDA * tan(FOVA / 2)) / (TDB * tan(FOVB / 2)) < 2.4, where TDA is the distance on the first optical axis from the human eye side of the first lens to the display side of the third lens in the first optical system 110, FOVA is the maximum field of view of the first optical system 110, TDB is the distance on the second optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the sixth lens in the second optical system 120, and FOVB is the maximum field of view of the second optical system 120.

[0052] According to the exemplary embodiment of the virtual reality device 100 of this application, by reasonably configuring the components of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120, the first optical system 110 achieves optical path folding, the second optical system 120 expands the field of view, and controls the relationship between the distance from the first surface to the last surface of the lens in the first optical system 110 and the maximum half field of view of the first optical system 110, and the relationship between the distance from the first surface to the last surface of the lens in the second optical system 120 and the maximum half field of view of the second optical system 120, so that they satisfy 1.4 < (TDA*tan(FOVA / 2)) / (TDB*tan(FOVB / 2)) < 2.4. This is beneficial for reasonably allocating and connecting the field of view of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120 based on controlling the total optical length, which can improve the acquisition range of the real scene and the projection size of the virtual image, balance the light transmission of the two optical systems, avoid abnormal contrast, reduce the phenomenon of peripheral light occlusion, reduce safety hazards, and improve the user experience.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 3.5 < (CT1A + CT2A + CT3A) / ∑CTB < 5.5, where CT1A is the center thickness of the first lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, CT2A is the center thickness of the second lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, CT3A is the center thickness of the third lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, and ∑CTB is the sum of the center thicknesses of the first to sixth lenses in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis. By controlling the ratio of the sum of the center thicknesses of all lenses in the first optical system 110 to the sum of the center thicknesses of all lenses in the second optical system 120, on the one hand, it is beneficial to ensure the basic processing of the lenses, ensure the assembly strength, and avoid molding risks such as bonding lines; on the other hand, the larger lens thickness in the first optical system 110 is beneficial to the design of large projection lenses, which can improve design performance and optimize space, and increase the immersiveness of projection. The smaller lens thickness in the second optical system 120 is beneficial to the miniaturization of the perspective lens, which is convenient for balancing the overall size and weight, and is suitable for the practical needs of lightweight use.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition -15.2 < (FG1A / EPDA) * (f1B / EPDB) < -13.5, where FG1A is the effective focal length of the first element group in the first optical system 110, EPDA is the entrance pupil diameter of the first optical system 110, f1B is the effective focal length of the first lens in the second optical system 120, and EPDB is the entrance pupil diameter of the second optical system 120. By controlling the ratio of the effective focal length of the first element group in the first optical system 110 to the entrance pupil diameter of the first optical system 110, and the ratio of the effective focal length of the first lens in the second optical system 120 to the entrance pupil diameter of the second optical system 120, and limiting the product of the two ratios to a reasonable range, it is beneficial to reasonably allocate the light aperture of the first optical system 110 and the second optical system 120, so that the brightness of the light is appropriate, thereby avoiding excessive brightness conflict between the virtual image and the external object's brightness while restoring the brightness of the external object, which would affect the interactive experience between virtual and reality.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 1.0 < (R3A + R4A) / (R1A + R2A) < 1.5, where R1A is the radius of curvature of the first lens on the human eye side of the first lens in the first optical system 110, R2A is the radius of curvature of the first lens on the display side of the first optical system 110, R3A is the radius of curvature of the second lens on the human eye side of the first optical system 110, and R4A is the radius of curvature of the second lens on the display side of the first optical system 110. By controlling the ratio of the sum of the radii of curvature of the two surfaces of the first lens and the second lens in the first optical system 110, on the one hand, the curvature of the first lens and the second lens in the first optical system 110 is smaller, which is beneficial for the attachment of reflective polarizing elements and quarter-wave plates, increasing the feasibility of the process; on the other hand, establishing the relationship between the radii of curvature of the two lenses through the above formula is beneficial for the control of edge light effect, so as to reduce aberrations.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of the present application can satisfy the conditional formula 1.8 < FG1A / (CT1A + T12A + CT2A + CTR A + CTQA) < 2.8, where FG1A is the effective focal length of the first element group in the first optical system 110, CT1A is the central thickness of the first lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, T12A is the air gap between the first lens and the second lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, CT2A is the central thickness of the second lens in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, CTR A is the central thickness of the reflective polarizing element in the first optical system 110 on the first optical axis, and CTQA is the central thickness of the quarter-wave plate in the first optical system on the first optical axis. By controlling the ratio of the effective focal length of the first element group in the first optical system 110 to the sum of the central thicknesses of its constituent elements and the air gaps of the lenses, it is beneficial to balance the focal length and the total optical length of the first optical system 110, control the volume of the first optical system 110 while ensuring its optical performance such as the field of view, and avoid excessive volume from affecting the actual use experience.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of the present application can satisfy the conditional formula 18 < (N1A + N3A) * (fA / EPDA) < 19, where N1A is the refractive index of the first lens in the first optical system 110, N3A is the refractive index of the third lens in the first optical system 110, fA is the effective focal length of the first optical system 110, and EPDA is the entrance pupil diameter of the first optical system. By controlling the product of the sum of the refractive indices of the first lens and the third lens in the first optical system 110 and the F number of the first optical system 110, on the one hand, it is beneficial to control the light transmittance of the first optical system 110, ensure the brightness and height of the virtual image projection, and indirectly trace back to the display 130, which is beneficial for the selection of the display 130. On the other hand, it is beneficial to select materials with low stress for the first lens and the third lens.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of the present application can satisfy the conditional formula 1.7 < |R5A + R6A| / fA < 3.5, where R5A is the curvature radius of the human eye side of the third lens in the first optical system 110, R6A is the curvature radius of the display side of the third lens in the first optical system 110, and fA is the effective focal length of the first optical system 110. By controlling the ratio of the sum of the curvature radii of the two surfaces of the third lens in the first optical system 110 to the focal length of the first optical system 110, on the one hand, it is beneficial to compensate and regulate the aberration generated by the first element group due to the optical path folding and film layer adhesion. On the other hand, it is beneficial to reasonably distribute the focal length of the first optical system 110 to achieve a short focal length and wide angle, and increase the imaging quality and range of the first optical system 110.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 0.7 < (f2B + f3B + f4B) * f234B < 2.4, where f2B is the effective focal length of the second lens in the second optical system 120, f3B is the effective focal length of the third lens in the second optical system 120, f4B is the effective focal length of the fourth lens in the second optical system 120, and f234B is the combined focal length of the second, third, and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120. By controlling the product of the sum of the effective focal lengths of the individual lenses of the second, third, and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120 and the combined focal length of the second to fourth lenses, and limiting this product to a reasonable range, it is beneficial to the reasonable allocation of the focal lengths of adjacent positive and negative lenses in the second optical system 120 and the transfer of focal lengths of adjacent element groups. This facilitates the realization of smaller focal lengths in the middle range, and, in conjunction with the negative optical power of the first and sixth lenses, it is beneficial to achieve a wide angle, increase the field of view of the second optical system 120, and expand the ability to acquire real scene information.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 9.6 < |f34B| / (CT3B+T34B+CT4B<17.3), where f34B is the combined focal length of the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120, CT3B is the center thickness of the third lens in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis, T34B is the air gap between the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis, and CT4B is the center thickness of the fourth lens in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis. By controlling the ratio of the absolute value of the combined focal length of the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120 to the sum of the center thickness and air gap of the third and fourth lenses, and limiting this ratio within a reasonable range, it is beneficial to further increase the focal length while ensuring the forming strength and assembly gap of the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system 120, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the second optical system 120 and the realization of a wide angle.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of this application can satisfy the condition 3.1 < (f1B + f6B) / (f1B - f6B) < 4.7, where f1B is the effective focal length of the first lens in the second optical system 120, and f6B2 is the effective focal length of the sixth lens in the second optical system 120. By controlling the ratio of the sum and difference of the effective focal lengths of the first and sixth lenses in the second optical system 120, it is beneficial to reasonably connect and allocate the field of view of the real scene and the field of view of the virtual image, reduce the ratio or visual conflict when the real image and the virtual image are merged, and improve the user experience.

[0062] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of the present application can satisfy the conditional formula 3.5 < tan(FOVB / 2) * (fB / EPDB) < 4, where FOVB is the maximum field of view angle of the second optical system 120, fB is the effective focal length of the second optical system 120, and EPDB is the entrance pupil diameter of the second optical system 120. By controlling the product of the maximum half field of view angle and the F number of the second optical system 120, it is beneficial to balance the field of view angle and the light passing amount of the second optical system 120. On the one hand, it avoids potential safety hazards caused by the occlusion of peripheral light in a small field of view, and on the other hand, it controls the brightness of the real image to avoid strong conflicts with the virtual image and affect the immersion feeling.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the virtual reality device 100 of the present application can satisfy the conditional formula 1.0 < T12B / (T23B + T34B + T45B + T56B) < 1.4, where T12B is the air gap between the first lens and the second lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system 120, T23B is the air gap between the second lens and the third lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system 120, T34B is the air gap between the third lens and the fourth lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system 120, T45B is the air gap between the fourth lens and the fifth lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system 120, and T56B is the air gap between the fifth lens and the sixth lens on the second optical axis in the second optical system 120. By controlling the ratio of the air gap between the first lens and the second lens in the second optical system 120 to the sum of the air gaps of each lens from the second lens to the sixth lens, on the one hand, it is beneficial to ensure the basic forming conditions and assembly gaps of each lens in the second optical system 120, increasing the process feasibility, and on the other hand, it compresses and limits the optical total length of the second optical system 120, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and light weight of the second optical system 120.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical system 110 may further include an aperture stop, and the aperture stop may be disposed at an appropriate position of the first optical system 110. For example, the aperture stop may be located between the side of the human eye and the first element group. The aperture stop can restrict the light path and control the light intensity.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment, the second optical system 120 may further include an aperture stop, and the aperture stop may be disposed at an appropriate position of the second optical system 120. For example, the aperture stop may be located between the first lens and the second lens in the second optical system 120.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical system 110 may further include a partial reflection element, and the partial reflection element may be a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective film layer plated on the side of the third lens facing the human eye or the side of the display.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the second optical system 120 may further include a filter for correcting color deviation and / or a protective glass for protecting the photosensitive element located on the imaging surface.

[0068] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are described using only two optical systems as examples. However, without departing from the technical solutions claimed in this application, the number of optical systems constituting the virtual reality device 100 may not be limited to two. For example, as Figure 1A As shown, the virtual reality device 100 includes three optical systems, namely two first optical systems 110 and one second optical system 120. If needed, the virtual reality device 100 of this application may also include four optical systems or other numbers of optical systems.

[0069] The following describes a specific embodiment of the first optical system 110 applicable to the above embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] The following is for reference Figures 2 to 3C Description of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 according to this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 according to this application is shown.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the first optical system 110 includes, in sequence along the first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side: an aperture stop STO, a reflective polarizing element RP, a first lens E'1, a second lens E'2, a quarter-wave plate QWP, a partial reflective element BS, a third lens E'3, and an image surface IMG. The light beam emitted from the image surface IMG passes sequentially through the third lens E'3, the partial reflective element BS, the quarter-wave plate QWP, the second lens E'2, and the first lens E'1, reaching the reflective polarizing element RP. It is reflected at the reflective polarizing element RP and passes again through the first lens E'1, the second lens E'2, and the quarter-wave plate QWP, reaching the partial reflective element BS. Then, the light beam is reflected again at the partial reflective element BS and passes sequentially through the quarter-wave plate QWP, the second lens E'2, the first lens E'1, and the reflective polarizing element RP before exiting towards the human eye side.

[0073] In this embodiment, the side of the first lens E'1 is concave and the side of the display is convex; the side of the second lens E'2 is concave and the side of the display is convex; and the side of the third lens E'3 is concave and the side of the display is convex.

[0074] Table 1 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm).

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Table 1

[0078] In Embodiment 1, the eye-side S3 and display-side S4 of the first lens E'1, the eye-side S5 and display-side S6 of the second lens E'2, and the eye-side S18 and display-side S19 of the third lens E'3 are all aspherical. The surface shape x of each aspherical lens can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical formula:

[0079]

[0080] Where x is the distance vector from the vertex of the aspherical surface at a height of h along the optical axis; c is the paraxial curvature of the aspherical surface, c = 1 / R (i.e., the paraxial curvature c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R in Table 1 above); k is the conic coefficient; Ai is the i-th order correction coefficient of the aspherical surface. Table 2 below gives the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A19 of each aspherical mirror S3, S4, S5, S6, S18 and S19 in Embodiment 1 that can be used in the first optical system 110. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 A 18 and A 20 .

[0081] coefficient\surface S3 S4 S5 S6 S18 S19 A4 -2.7489E-01 -1.4357E-01 1.2660E-01 -4.6460E-03 -2.7538E-01 2.5378E-01 A6 1.8851E-01 -2.4887E-01 -2.6008E-01 3.0416E-01 8.3673E-02 -2.3184E-02 A8 -6.9259E-03 2.8843E-02 -4.6801E-03 -1.2011E-01 5.0863E-03 -1.7813E-01 A10 -1.5349E-03 5.1097E-03 -1.0853E-02 2.0978E-02 -7.2813E-03 8.6813E-03 A12 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A14 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A16 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A18 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A20 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

[0082] Table 2

[0083] Figure 3A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve of embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 is shown, which represents the deflection of the convergence focal point after light of different wavelengths passes through the first optical system 110. Figure 3B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 3C The distortion curves of Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 3A to 3C It can be seen that Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] The following is for reference Figures 4 to 5CThis section describes Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 according to this application. For the sake of brevity, descriptions similar to those in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 will be omitted in this embodiment and the following embodiments. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 according to this application is shown.

[0086] like Figure 4 As shown, the first optical system 110 includes, in sequence along the first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side: an aperture stop STO, a reflective polarizing element RP, a first lens E'1, a quarter-wave plate QWP, a second lens E'2, a partial reflective element BS, a third lens E'3, and an image surface IMG. The light beam emitted from the image surface IMG passes sequentially through the third lens E'3, the partial reflective element BS, the second lens E'2, the quarter-wave plate QWP, and the first lens E'1, reaching the reflective polarizing element RP. It is reflected at the reflective polarizing element RP and passes again through the first lens E'1, the quarter-wave plate QWP, and the second lens E'2, reaching the partial reflective element BS. Then, the light beam is reflected again at the partial reflective element BS and passes sequentially through the second lens E'2, the quarter-wave plate QWP, the first lens E'1, and the reflective polarizing element RP before exiting towards the human eye side.

[0087] In this embodiment, the side of the first lens E'1 is concave and the side of the display is convex; the side of the second lens E'2 is concave and the side of the display is convex; and the side of the third lens E'3 is concave and the side of the display is concave.

[0088] Table 3 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the eye-side S3 and display-side S4 of the first lens E'1, the eye-side S6 and display-side S7 of the second lens E'2, and the eye-side S18 and display-side S19 of the third lens E'3 are all aspherical. Table 4 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A19 of each aspherical mirror S3, S4, S6, S7, S18, and S19 that can be used in Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 A 18 and A 20 Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0089]

[0090] Table 3

[0091] coefficient\surface S3 S4 S6 S7 S18 S19 A4 1.8893E-01 -1.8304E-01 2.2651E-01 -4.9459E-02 2.6486E-01 -2.2202E-01 A6 1.3928E-01 -4.0576E-02 -1.3412E-01 2.8080E-01 6.8482E-02 -1.5744E-01 A8 -3.6731E-02 -1.3979E-01 2.0174E-02 8.9056E-02 -2.3321E-02 -6.7708E-02 A10 -6.2311E-03 -2.9494E-03 1.3503E-04 2.9133E-04 -2.8361E-03 6.8875E-03 A12 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A14 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A16 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A18 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A20 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

[0092] Table 4

[0093] Figure 5A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve of embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 is shown, which represents the deflection of the convergence focal point after light of different wavelengths passes through the first optical system 110. Figure 5B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 5C The distortion curves of Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 5A to 5C It can be seen that Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] The following is for reference Figures 6 to 7C Description of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 according to this application. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 according to this application is shown.

[0096] like Figure 6 As shown, the first optical system 110, along the first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side, sequentially includes: an aperture stop STO, a reflective polarizing element RP, a first lens E'1, a quarter-wave plate QWP, a second lens E'2, a third lens E'3, a partial reflective element BS, and an image surface IMG. The light beam emitted from the image surface IMG passes sequentially through the partial reflective element BS, the third lens E'3, the second lens E'2, the quarter-wave plate QWP, and the first lens E'1, reaching the reflective polarizing element RP. It is reflected at the reflective polarizing element RP and passes again through the first lens E'1, the quarter-wave plate QWP, the second lens E'2, and the third lens E'3, reaching the partial reflective element BS. Then, the light beam is reflected again at the partial reflective element BS and sequentially passes through the third lens E'3, the second lens E'2, the quarter-wave plate QWP, the first lens E'1, and the reflective polarizing element RP before exiting towards the human eye side.

[0097] In this embodiment, the side of the first lens E'1 is concave and the side of the display is convex; the side of the second lens E'2 is concave and the side of the display is convex; and the side of the third lens E'3 is concave and the side of the display is convex.

[0098] Table 5 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the eye-side S3 and display-side S4 of the first lens E'1, the eye-side S6 and display-side S7 of the second lens E'2, and the eye-side S8 and display-side S9 of the third lens E'3 are all aspherical. Table 6 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A9 of each aspherical mirror S3, S4, S6, S7, S8, and S9 that can be used in Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 A 18 and A 20 Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Table 5

[0102] coefficient\surface S3 S4 S6 S7 S8 S9 A4 -3.7851E-02 -1.4285E-01 2.4411E-01 5.6199E-02 -1.3414E-01 -2.8145E-02 A6 1.0873E-01 -2.0271E-01 1.2509E-02 2.4299E-01 -1.9244E-01 -1.5688E-03 A8 -2.6907E-02 1.2802E-01 7.1883E-02 -8.7751E-02 1.2306E-01 -1.2098E-02 A10 -4.2128E-03 -2.3350E-03 -3.2997E-02 -4.8852E-03 8.4233E-03 1.4049E-02 A12 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A14 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A16 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A18 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 A20 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

[0103] Table 6

[0104] Figure 7A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve of embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 is shown, which represents the deflection of the convergence focal point after light of different wavelengths passes through the first optical system 110. Figure 7B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 7C The distortion curves of Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different field of view angles. According to... Figures 7A to 7C It can be seen that Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0105] Furthermore, in embodiments 1 to 3 of the first optical system 110, the effective focal length FG1A of the first element group, the maximum field of view FOVA of the first optical system 110, the entrance pupil diameter EPDA of the first optical system 110, the effective focal length fA of the first optical system 110, the distance TDA from the eye side of the first lens to the display side of the third lens on the first optical axis, the center thickness CTRA of the reflective polarizing element on the first optical axis, and the center thickness CTQA of the quarter-wave plate on the first optical axis are shown in the table.

[0106] As shown in 7.

[0107] Parameters / Examples 1 2 3 FG1A(mm) 25.49 24.30 25.98 FOVA(°) 106.0 106.0 106.0 EPDA (mm) 4.75 4.75 4.75 fA(mm) 25.97 27.60 27.01 TDA(mm) 14.54 12.07 14.91 CTRA(mm) 0.19 0.19 0.19 CTQA (mm) 0.19 0.19 0.285

[0108] Table 7

[0109] The following describes a specific embodiment of the second optical system 120 applicable to the above embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0110] Example 1

[0111] The following is for reference Figures 8 to 9C Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is described. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is shown.

[0112] like Figure 8 As shown, the second optical system 120 includes, in sequence from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis: a first lens E1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, a fifth lens E5, a sixth lens E6, a filter E7, and an imaging surface S15.

[0113] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the second lens E2 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is convex; the third lens E3 has negative optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the fourth lens E4 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the fifth lens E5 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is convex; and the sixth lens E6 has negative optical power, its object side is concave, and its image side is concave.

[0114] Table 8 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the object-side and image-side surfaces of the first lens E1 to the sixth lens E6 are aspherical. Table 9 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A6 of each aspherical mirror S1-S12 that can be used in Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Table 8

[0118] Surface coefficient A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 A14 A16 S1 1.6475E-02 -2.9418E-02 1.3356E-02 3.2498E-03 -5.5989E-03 2.0234E-03 -2.4563E-04 S2 4.5711E-02 -3.9262E-02 4.1752E-01 -1.4360E+00 2.7160E+00 -2.4698E+00 9.1195E-01 S3 -3.0185E-02 1.0407E-01 -8.0902E-01 2.4370E+00 -4.2066E+00 3.7463E+00 -1.4124E+00 S4 -1.3840E-01 9.5095E-02 -4.5605E-01 1.3010E+00 -1.6499E+00 9.5701E-01 -2.1147E-01 S5 -3.1067E-01 8.5990E-01 -3.2537E+00 6.6652E+00 -7.4875E+00 4.4153E+00 -1.0706E+00 S6 -2.6168E-01 1.5311E+00 -4.2902E+00 6.8184E+00 -6.2683E+00 3.1374E+00 -6.6039E-01 S7 -1.5930E-01 4.9473E-01 -7.8950E-01 6.0076E-01 -2.1069E-01 6.8242E-02 -2.4392E-02 S8 -1.2153E-01 -2.3707E-01 4.6005E-01 -2.7571E-01 -1.0469E-01 2.0333E-01 -6.2846E-02 S9 1.2199E-01 -4.2744E-01 4.8123E-01 -1.7487E-01 -9.2124E-02 1.0441E-01 -2.7607E-02 S10 -4.2938E-02 9.7784E-02 -3.3794E-01 5.9023E-01 -4.8967E-01 1.9692E-01 -3.1103E-02 S11 -1.3601E-01 -1.3130E-01 3.8923E-01 -3.2419E-01 1.1775E-01 -1.2560E-02 -1.1759E-03 S12 -2.5364E-01 1.2568E-01 -2.2101E-02 -1.5392E-02 8.9876E-03 -1.4715E-03 4.9850E-07

[0119] Table 9

[0120] Figure 9A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve of embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 is shown, which represents the deviation of light of different wavelengths from the convergence focal point after passing through the lens. Figure 9B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 9C The distortion curve of Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 is shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different image heights. According to... Figures 9A to 9C It can be seen that Embodiment 1 of the second optical system 120 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0121] Example 2

[0122] The following is for reference Figures 10 to 11C Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is described. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is shown.

[0123] like Figure 10 As shown, the second optical system 120 includes, in sequence from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis: a first lens E1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, a fifth lens E5, a sixth lens E6, a filter E7, and an imaging surface S15.

[0124] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the second lens E2 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is convex; the third lens E3 has negative optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the fourth lens E4 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is concave; the fifth lens E5 has positive optical power, its object side is convex, and its image side is convex; and the sixth lens E6 has negative optical power, its object side is concave, and its image side is concave.

[0125] Table 10 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the object-side and image-side surfaces of the first lens E1 to the sixth lens E6 are aspherical. Table 11 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A6 of each aspherical mirror S1-S12 that can be used in Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] Table 10

[0129] Surface coefficient A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 A14 A16 S1 1.9148E-02 -2.7769E-02 7.8505E-03 6.4953E-03 -6.1509E-03 1.9591E-03 -2.2629E-04 S2 8.9940E-03 1.1417E-01 -1.0871E-01 -4.0774E-01 1.7844E+00 -2.2748E+00 1.0847E+00 S3 -2.7367E-02 9.6631E-02 -8.3434E-01 2.6383E+00 -4.6587E+00 4.2075E+00 -1.5837E+00 S4 -1.3157E-01 5.1854E-02 -4.4191E-01 1.4787E+00 -2.0125E+00 1.2534E+00 -3.0177E-01 S5 -2.9236E-01 8.1080E-01 -3.1915E+00 6.6097E+00 -7.3968E+00 4.3036E+00 -1.0232E+00 S6 -2.6548E-01 1.5373E+00 -4.2813E+00 6.7295E+00 -6.0756E+00 2.9684E+00 -6.0777E-01 S7 -1.6551E-01 5.1091E-01 -7.9355E-01 5.5945E-01 -1.4156E-01 1.7841E-02 -9.6757E-03 S8 -1.1761E-01 -2.4183E-01 4.8083E-01 -3.2036E-01 -5.2476E-02 1.6609E-01 -5.0943E-02 S9 1.2184E-01 -4.6127E-01 5.5739E-01 -2.6243E-01 -3.3659E-02 8.3198E-02 -2.4343E-02 S10 -4.7643E-02 1.3275E-01 -4.1622E-01 6.9424E-01 -5.6626E-01 2.2478E-01 -3.5021E-02 S11 -1.4284E-01 -9.2956E-02 2.9412E-01 -2.1082E-01 4.2042E-02 1.4448E-02 -5.0986E-03 S12 -2.6446E-01 1.4930E-01 -5.7894E-02 1.4272E-02 -5.3630E-03 2.3216E-03 -4.1956E-04

[0130] Table 11

[0131] Figure 11A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve of embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 is shown, which represents the deviation of light of different wavelengths from the convergence focal point after passing through the lens. Figure 11B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 11C The distortion curves of Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different image heights. According to... Figures 11A to 11C It can be seen that Embodiment 2 of the second optical system 120 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0132] Example 3

[0133] The following is for reference Figures 12 to 13C Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is described. Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is shown.

[0134] like Figure 12 As shown, the second optical system 120 includes, in sequence from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis: a first lens E1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, a fifth lens E5, a sixth lens E6, a filter E7, and an imaging surface S15.

[0135] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object side can be convex and its image side can be concave; the second lens E2 has positive optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is convex; the third lens E3 has positive optical power, its object side is concave and its image side is convex; the fourth lens E4 has negative optical power, its object side is concave and its image side is concave; the fifth lens E5 has positive optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is convex; and the sixth lens E6 has negative optical power, its object side is concave and its image side is concave.

[0136] Table 12 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the object-side and image-side surfaces of the first lens E1 to the sixth lens E6 are aspherical. Table 13 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A6 of each aspherical mirror S1-S12 that can be used in Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0137]

[0138] Table 12

[0139] Surface coefficient A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 A14 A16 S1 5.3530E-03 5.5944E-03 -5.1516E-02 8.5538E-02 -6.6786E-02 2.5677E-02 -3.9256E-03 S2 6.7215E-02 -9.6751E-02 9.3328E-01 -3.6338E+00 7.6131E+00 -7.8087E+00 3.2575E+00 S3 -3.2741E-02 5.2083E-02 -4.0829E-01 1.3047E+00 -2.3728E+00 2.1906E+00 -8.5286E-01 S4 -2.0206E-01 6.5647E-04 4.3282E-01 -8.2242E-01 8.5986E-01 -5.1282E-01 1.2783E-01 S5 -2.6645E-01 -5.4066E-02 -2.1073E-01 1.4248E+00 -2.3947E+00 1.7886E+00 -5.0080E-01 S6 -9.1744E-02 1.0603E+00 -3.1389E+00 4.5815E+00 -3.6242E+00 1.5133E+00 -2.6515E-01 S7 -1.7928E-01 1.6012E+00 -4.2264E+00 5.5655E+00 -3.9303E+00 1.4426E+00 -2.1762E-01 S8 -1.8054E-01 -7.8645E-02 1.1473E-02 1.8240E-01 -2.1140E-01 1.2065E-01 -2.5802E-02 S9 1.3650E-01 -2.7011E-01 2.7449E-01 -2.3475E-01 1.5100E-01 -5.4015E-02 7.8118E-03 S10 -1.3580E-01 4.9439E-01 -7.3243E-01 5.7346E-01 -2.6691E-01 7.4026E-02 -9.1947E-03 S11 -3.8551E-02 -1.9620E-01 2.7493E-01 -1.7859E-01 7.3786E-02 -1.8022E-02 1.9325E-03 S12 -1.6484E-01 3.0050E-02 3.1251E-02 -2.8981E-02 1.0768E-02 -1.9716E-03 1.2498E-04

[0140] Table 13

[0141] Figure 13A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve for embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 is shown, which represents the deviation of light of different wavelengths from the convergence focal point after passing through the lens. Figure 13B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 13C The distortion curves of Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different image heights. According to... Figures 13A to 13C It can be seen that Embodiment 3 of the second optical system 120 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0142] Example 4

[0143] The following is for reference Figures 14 to 15C Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is described. Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 according to this application is shown.

[0144] like Figure 14 As shown, the second optical system 120 includes, in sequence from the object side to the image side along the second optical axis: a first lens E1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens E2, a third lens E3, a fourth lens E4, a fifth lens E5, a sixth lens E6, a filter E7, and an imaging surface S15.

[0145] In this embodiment, the first lens E1 has negative optical power, its object side can be convex and its image side can be concave; the second lens E2 has positive optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is convex; the third lens E3 has negative optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is concave; the fourth lens E4 has positive optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is concave; the fifth lens E5 has positive optical power, its object side is convex and its image side is convex; and the sixth lens E6 has negative optical power, its object side is concave and its image side is concave.

[0146] Table 14 shows the basic parameters of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120, where the units for radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm). In this embodiment, the object-side and image-side surfaces of the first lens 1 to the sixth lens E6 are aspherical. Table 15 shows the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, and A6 of each aspherical mirror S1, -S12 that can be used in Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120. 10 A 12 A 14 A 16 Each aspherical surface shape can be defined by formula (1) given in Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110.

[0147]

[0148] Table 14

[0149]

[0150]

[0151] Table 15

[0152] Figure 15A An on-axis chromatic aberration curve for embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 is shown, which represents the deviation of light of different wavelengths from the convergence focal point after passing through the lens. Figure 15B The astigmatism curves of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 are shown, which represent the meridional image plane curvature and the sagittal image plane curvature. Figure 15C The distortion curves of Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 are shown, representing the distortion magnitude values ​​corresponding to different image heights. According to... Figures 15A to 15C It can be seen that Embodiment 4 of the second optical system 120 can achieve good imaging quality.

[0153] Furthermore, in embodiments 1 to 4 of the second optical system 120, the effective focal length f1B of the first lens, the effective focal length f2B of the second lens, the effective focal length f3B of the third lens, the effective focal length f4B of the fourth lens, the effective focal length f2B of the fifth lens, the effective focal length f6B of the sixth lens, and the effective focal length fB of the second optical system 120 are all specified. The entrance pupil diameter EPDB of system 120, the maximum field of view FOVB of the second optical system 120, the sum of the center thicknesses of the first to sixth lenses in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis ∑CTB, the distance TDB between the object side surface of the first lens and the image side surface of the sixth lens in the second optical system 120 on the second optical axis, the combined focal length f234B of the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens in the second optical system 120, and the combined focal length f34B of the third lens and the fourth lens in the second optical system 120 are shown in Table 16.

[0154] Parameters / Examples 1 2 3 4 f1B(mm) -3.21 -3.11 -3.13 -3.10 f2B(mm) 2.50 2.50 2.49 2.54 f3B(mm) -3.18 -3.38 8.75 -3.29 f4B(mm) 2.55 2.51 -3.74 2.69 f5B (mm) 2.40 2.42 1.54 2.22 f6B(mm) -1.84 -1.87 -1.62 -1.99 fB(mm) 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 EPDB(mm) 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 FOVB(°) 130.04 130.03 130.08 126.05 ∑CTB(mm) 2.70 2.83 2.85 2.96 TDB(mm) 4.58 4.58 4.52 4.62 f234B(mm) 2.16 2.08 3.17 2.23 f34B (mm) 14.05 10.44 -6.80 15.71

[0155] Table 16

[0156] By combining Embodiment 1 of the first optical system 110 with Embodiments 1 to 4 of the second optical system 120, respectively, embodiments 1 to 4 of the virtual reality device 100 are formed. By combining Embodiment 2 of the first optical system 110 with Embodiments 1 to 4 of the second optical system 120, embodiments 5 to 8 of the virtual reality device 100 are formed. By combining Embodiment 3 of the first optical system 110 with Embodiments 1 to 4 of the second optical system 120, embodiments 9 to 12 of the virtual reality device 100 are formed. Embodiments 1 to 12 of the virtual reality device 100 respectively satisfy the conditions shown in Table 17.

[0157]

[0158] Table 17

[0159] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of protection involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the concept of this application. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A virtual reality apparatus, characterized by comprising: The first optical system and the second optical system, the second optical system forms a real image in the form of an electrical signal to the display, the first optical system projects the real image and virtual image on the display; wherein, The first optical system includes, along the first optical axis from the human eye side to the display side in order: a diaphragm; a first element group with positive refractive power, including: a reflective polarizing element, a first lens with positive refractive power or negative refractive power, a quarter-wave plate, and a second lens with positive refractive power, the reflective polarizing element is located on the human eye side of the first lens in the first optical system, the quarter-wave plate is located on the human eye side or the display side of the second lens in the first optical system; the human eye side of the first lens in the first optical system is concave, and the display side is convex; the human eye side of the second lens in the first optical system is concave, and the display side is convex; a second element group with negative refractive power, including a third lens with negative refractive power; a partial reflection element is arranged on the human eye side or the display side of the third lens in the first optical system; the human eye side of the third lens in the first optical system is concave; and an image plane; The second optical system includes, along the second optical axis from the object side to the image side in order: a first lens with negative refractive power, the object side is convex, and the image side is concave; a second lens with positive refractive power, the object side is convex, and the image side is convex; a third lens; a fourth lens, the sign of the refractive power of the third lens in the second optical system is opposite, and the image side is concave; a fifth lens with positive refractive power, the object side is convex, and the image side is convex; and a sixth lens with negative refractive power, the object side is concave, and the image side is concave; The number of lenses with refractive power in the first optical system is three; the number of lenses with refractive power in the second optical system is six; a distance TDA on the first optical axis from an eye side surface of the first lens to a display side surface of the third lens in the first optical system, an effective focal length fA of the first optical system, a distance TDB on the second optical axis from an object side surface of the first lens to an image side surface of the sixth lens in the second optical system, and an effective focal length fB of the second optical system satisfy: 0.95 ≤ (TDA / fA) ≤ 1.05 (TDB / fB) ≤ 1.24; The effective focal length FG1A of the first element group in the first optical system, the central thickness CT1A of the first lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, the air gap T12A of the first lens and the second lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, the central thickness CT2A of the second lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, the central thickness CTRA of the reflective polarizing element in the first optical system on the first optical axis, and the central thickness CTQA of the quarter-wave plate in the first optical system on the first optical axis satisfy: 1.94≤FG1A / (CT1A+T12A+CT2A+CTRA+CTQA)≤2.74; The combined focal length f34B of the third lens and the fourth lens in the second optical system, the central thickness CT3B of the third lens in the second optical system on the second optical axis, the air gap T34B of the third lens and the fourth lens in the second optical system on the second optical axis, and the central thickness CT4B of the fourth lens in the second optical system on the second optical axis satisfy: 9.6<|f34B| / (CT3B+T34B+CT4B)≤17.

20.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A center thickness CT1A of the first lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, a center thickness CT2A of the second lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, a center thickness CT3A of the third lens in the first optical system on the first optical axis, and a sum ∑CTB of the center thicknesses of the first to sixth lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis satisfy: 3.75 ≤ (CT1A + CT2A + CT3A) / ∑CTB ≤ 5.

34.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, An effective focal length FG1A of the first element group in the first optical system, an entrance pupil diameter EPDA of the first optical system, an effective focal length f1B of the first lens in the second optical system, and an entrance pupil diameter EPDB of the second optical system satisfy: - 15.10 < (FG1A / EPDA) (f1B / EPDB) < -13.

66.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A radius of curvature R1A of the eye side surface of the first lens in the first optical system, a radius of curvature R2A of the display side surface of the first lens in the first optical system, a radius of curvature R3A of the eye side surface of the second lens in the first optical system, and a radius of curvature R4A of the display side surface of the second lens in the first optical system satisfy: 1.08 ≤ (R3A + R4A) / (R1A + R2A) ≤ 1.

31.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A refractive index N1A of the first lens in the first optical system, a refractive index N3A of the third lens in the first optical system, an effective focal length fA of the first optical system, and an entrance pupil diameter EPDA of the first optical system satisfy: 18.26 < (N1A + N3A) (fA / EPDA) < 18.

65.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A radius of curvature R5A of the eye side surface of the third lens in the first optical system, a radius of curvature R6A of the display side surface of the third lens in the first optical system, and an effective focal length fA of the first optical system satisfy: 1.80 ≤ |R5A + R6A| / fA < 3.

5.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, An effective focal length f2B of the second lens in the second optical system, an effective focal length f3B of the third lens in the second optical system, an effective focal length f4B of the fourth lens in the second optical system, and a combined focal length f234B of the second, third, and fourth lenses in the second optical system satisfy: 0.79 < (f2B + f3B + f4B) f234B < 2.

4.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, An effective focal length f1B of the first lens in the second optical system and an effective focal length f6B2 of the sixth lens in the second optical system satisfy: 3.15 ≤ (f1B + f6B) / (f1B - f6B) ≤ 4.

60.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A maximum field angle FOVB of the second optical system, an effective focal length fB of the second optical system, and an entrance pupil diameter EPDB of the second optical system satisfy: 3.5 < tan(FOVB / 2) (fB / EPDB)≤3.

85.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, An air separation T12B of the first and second lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis, an air separation T23B of the second and third lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis, an air separation T34B of the third and fourth lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis, an air separation T45B of the fourth and fifth lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis, and an air separation T56B of the fifth and sixth lenses in the second optical system on the second optical axis satisfy: 1.11 < T12B / (T23B + T34B + T45B + T56B) < 1.

21.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, a distance TDA on the first optical axis from an eye side surface of a first lens in the first optical system to a display side surface of a third lens, a maximum field angle FOVA of the first optical system, a distance TDB on the second optical axis from an object side surface of a first lens in the second optical system to an image side surface of a sixth lens, and a maximum field angle FOVB of the second optical system satisfy: 1.63 ≤ (TDA tan(FOVA / 2)) / (TDB tan(FOVB / 2)) ≤ 2.18.

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