A lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device and method, which relate to the field of grinding processing. Aiming at the problems that the cooling effect of current grinding processing is poor and the processing quality is difficult to meet the requirements, an ultrasonic vibration worktable component is used to drive a workpiece to form a two-dimensional circular arc motion, so that the grinding working path is changed from a single linear motion to a circular arc motion on the workpiece surface. Combined with the self-transporting effect of the bionic grinding wheel on the grinding fluid, the cooling efficiency and lubrication effect of the bionic grinding wheel grinding are guaranteed, and the surface processing quality of the workpiece is jointly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grinding processing, and in particular to a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device and method. Background Art

[0002] Grinding is a widely used processing method in the field of mechanical processing. The final accuracy and surface quality of most parts are achieved through precision grinding. Due to its characteristics of negative rake angle cutting of abrasive particles, grinding consumes much more energy than other processing methods to remove unit material. At the same time, it generates a large amount of grinding heat and produces a higher grinding temperature, so grinding fluid is required for cooling. Since the high-speed movement of the grinding wheel will cause surrounding air disturbance and form an air barrier layer, this air disturbance will hinder the grinding fluid from entering the grinding area, making the utilization rate of the grinding fluid very low, and the cooling effect of the grinding area is reduced. At the same time, it will lead to a decrease in the surface quality of the workpiece and the life of the grinding wheel. The inventor found that ordinary grinding wheels will bounce off the grinding fluid droplets that contact the surface of the grinding wheel when running at high speed, resulting in a decrease in the cooling effect of the grinding fluid, so that the temperature of the grinding area cannot be quickly reduced.

[0003] By designing the grinding wheel and setting a hydrophilic structure on the outer circumference of the grinding wheel, the cooling medium can be transported to the grinding area to reduce the temperature of the grinding area. However, the function of the grinding wheel base in transporting the cooling medium is ignored, resulting in the overall grinding wheel being unable to meet the requirements for transporting the grinding fluid. In addition, a Chinese patent (patent number: ZL202111374987.X) discloses a device suitable for ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding of gears and its operating process. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet generates high-frequency longitudinal vibration displacement under the excitation of the electrical signal of the ultrasonic generator, amplifies the vibration displacement through the hollow conical amplitude rod, and transmits the vibration displacement to the gear to be processed which is fastened by the central fixing bolt. An annular vibration isolation groove is arranged inside the hollow conical amplitude rod, and a flange is arranged circumferentially. The flange is provided with a vibration isolation groove, so that the ultrasonic vibration effect at the installation position of the central fixing bolt is weakened while the vibration transmission effect of the contact surface between the gear and the amplitude rod is enhanced, so that high-frequency ultrasonic vibration is generated on the gear processing surface; ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding can improve the surface processing quality during grinding, but it is not conducive to the coolant reaching the grinding position during ultrasonic vibration, and cannot improve the efficiency of coolant participation, resulting in the cooling effect and processing quality of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding processing position being difficult to meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device and method in view of the defects of the prior art. An ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly is used to drive the workpiece to form a two-dimensional circular arc motion, thereby changing the grinding working path from a single linear motion to a circular arc motion on the workpiece surface. Combined with the self-transport effect of the bionic grinding wheel on the grinding fluid, the cooling efficiency and lubrication effect of the bionic grinding wheel grinding are guaranteed, thereby jointly improving the surface processing quality of the workpiece.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device, which adopts the following scheme: comprising:

[0006] The grinding assembly includes a bionic grinding wheel and a lubricating nozzle, wherein the lubricating nozzle obtains grinding fluid and sprays it onto the bionic grinding wheel, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the base of the bionic grinding wheel is a hydrophobic surface of a bionic lotus leaf, and hydrophilic abrasive grains imitating desert beetles are arranged on the hydrophobic surface of the base;

[0007] The ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly includes a fixture, a radial amplitude variation mechanism and a tangential amplitude variation mechanism. One side of the tangential amplitude variation mechanism is connected to the radial amplitude variation mechanism, and the other side is connected to the fixture. The radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism work together to drive the fixture and the workpiece clamped therein to form a two-dimensional vibration, so that the grinding position of the bionic grinding wheel and the workpiece move relative to each other.

[0008] Furthermore, the radial amplitude variation mechanism includes a radial transducer, a radial amplitude variation rod and a radial support connected in sequence, and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism includes a tangential transducer, a tangential amplitude variation rod and a tangential support connected in sequence. The radial support is equipped with a rotating shaft through a preset through hole, and one end of the rotating shaft is inserted into a preset blind hole of the tangential support to form a rotating connection so that the radial support and the tangential support can rotate relative to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, one end of the rotating shaft away from the tangential support abuts against the base, the tangential amplitude changing rod is connected to the tangential support frame, and the base is fixed to the tangential support frame; the radial amplitude changing rod is connected to the radial support frame, and the radial support frame is rotatably sleeved outside the base, so that the radial amplitude changing mechanism rotates around the axis of the base relative to the tangential amplitude changing mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixture is provided with a positioning groove, which is connected to a tangential positioning piece and a radial positioning piece. The tangential positioning piece and the radial positioning piece are combined with two adjacent side walls of the positioning groove to form a clamping portion for accommodating the workpiece. The positioning groove is connected to the tangential amplitude variation mechanism through a dynamometer.

[0011] Furthermore, the tangential amplitude variation mechanism and the radial amplitude variation mechanism are respectively installed on a base plate, the base plate is arranged on a workbench of the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly, and the grinding assembly is mounted on a fixture and faces the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, the lubrication nozzle is connected to a grinding fluid delivery pipeline and a compressed air delivery pipeline, the grinding fluid delivery pipeline is connected to a cooling fluid source, and the compressed air delivery pipeline is connected to a pressure air source.

[0013] Furthermore, a grinding wheel cover is disposed outside the bionic grinding wheel, a pipeline fixing piece is disposed outside the grinding wheel cover, and a compressed air delivery pipeline and a grinding fluid delivery pipeline are respectively fixed on the pipeline fixing piece.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrophilic abrasive grains of the bionic grinding wheel are arranged on the hydrophobic surface of the substrate by electroplating, and the hydrophilic abrasive grains are arranged in a staggered order.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide a working method of the lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as described in the first object, comprising:

[0016] The workpiece is clamped in the fixture, and the workpiece vibrates in a circular arc trajectory in the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism;

[0017] The bionic grinding wheel is connected to the power head, and the lubrication nozzle sprays grinding fluid to the bionic grinding wheel;

[0018] The bionic grinding wheel rotates and contacts the workpiece for grinding. When the grinding fluid contacts the hydrophobic surface of the bionic grinding wheel, it is transported to the hydrophilic abrasive through the hydrophobic surface. The grinding fluid on the hydrophilic abrasive falls off under the rotation of the bionic grinding wheel and the action of gravity, participating in the lubrication and cooling of the grinding processing position.

[0019] Furthermore, the working parameters of the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism are adjusted to make the workpiece vibrate in two dimensions relative to the bionic grinding wheel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0021] (1) In order to solve the problems of poor cooling effect and difficult to meet the processing quality requirements in the current grinding process, an ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly is used to drive the workpiece to form a two-dimensional arc motion, so that the grinding working path is changed from a single linear motion to a circular motion on the workpiece surface. Combined with the self-transport effect of the bionic grinding wheel on the grinding fluid, the cooling efficiency and lubrication effect of the bionic grinding wheel grinding are guaranteed, thereby jointly improving the surface processing quality of the workpiece.

[0022] (2) The grinding wheel substrate is designed with a super-hydrophobic surface that mimics the surface of a lotus leaf. Then, hydrophilic abrasive grains that mimic the surface of a desert beetle are arranged in a staggered order on the grinding wheel substrate. The combination of the hydrophilic abrasive grains and the hydrophobic surface of the lotus leaf enables the cooling medium to be self-transported on the surface of the grinding wheel. The grinding fluid is quickly transported to the hydrophilic area through the hydrophobic texture and then quickly falls off in the hydrophilic area, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the grinding wheel and effectively reducing the temperature in the grinding area.

[0023] (3) By combining ultrasonic vibration assistance with the orderly arrangement of abrasive grains on the grinding wheel, the working path of the abrasive grains is increased while the efficiency of the grinding fluid participating in cooling is improved, making the machined surface smoother and the machining quality higher.

[0024] (4) The grinding wheel uses a combination of a hydrophobic matrix or coating and hydrophilic abrasives. The hydrophilic abrasive clusters are arranged in a staggered order on the surface of the grinding wheel matrix in the form of abrasive clusters, which is conducive to the discharge of waste chips. The space between the abrasive clusters is conducive to the participation of the grinding fluid in cooling to reduce the grinding temperature. The orderly arrangement of abrasives can improve the surface quality of the processed workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the bionic grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the surface structure of the bionic grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distribution of hydrophilic abrasive grains on the substrate surface of the bionic grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic top view of the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the grinding assembly in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 The flowchart of the preparation of the bionic grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Among them, Ⅰ-ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly, Ⅱ-grinding assembly, 1-radial negative contact, 2-radial transducer, 3-radial amplitude transformer connecting washer, 4-radial support frame cover screw, 5-radial amplitude transformer, 6-radial support frame cover, 7-radial connecting washer, 8-radial support, 9-tangential support, 10-dynamometer, 11 fixing screw, 12-clamp, 13-clamp fixing screw, 14-workpiece, 15-tangential positioning screw, 16-workpiece positioning block, 17-radial positioning screw, 18-radial support fixing screw, 19-base fixing screw, 20-tangential connecting washer, 21-tangential support frame cover screw, 22-tangential support frame cover, 23-tangential amplitude transformer, 24-tangential amplitude rod connecting washer, 25-tangential transducer, 26-tangential positive contact, 27-tangential negative contact, 28-tangential support frame, 29-tangential support frame fixing screw, 30-base plate positioning screw, 31-radial support frame nut, 32-radial support frame bolt, 33-radial support frame, 34-base, 35-radial positive contact, 36-connecting bolt, 37-base, 38-base sliding ball, 39-rotating shaft, 40-T-type slide, 41-rotating shaft sliding ball, 42-workbench, 43-grinding wheel cover, 44-bionic grinding wheel, 45-grinding fluid delivery pipeline, 46-compressed air delivery pipeline, 47-pipeline fixing parts, 48-lubricating nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Example 1

[0037] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device is provided.

[0038] At present, orderly arranging hydrophilic abrasive grains on the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel can alleviate the thermal damage of the workpiece 14 to a certain extent, and has a certain effect on improving the quality of the workpiece 14 and the problem of difficulty of grinding fluid entering the grinding area, but the effect is not very obvious. At present, ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding can improve the surface processing quality during grinding, but it cannot solve the efficiency of coolant participation, resulting in poor cooling effect affecting the processing quality of the workpiece 14.

[0039] Based on this, the present embodiment provides a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device, which adopts a combination of hydrophilic structure and hydrophobic structure on the working surface of the grinding wheel to achieve the effect of rapid cooling. At the same time, a two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration component is used to drive the workpiece 14 to vibrate, and the working path of the abrasive particles is changed from a single linear motion to a circular arc motion on the surface of the workpiece 14. While ensuring the participation efficiency of the grinding fluid coolant, the surface processing quality of the workpiece 14 is improved.

[0040] The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] See also Figure 1 The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device includes a grinding component II and an ultrasonic vibration worktable component I. The grinding component II includes a bionic grinding wheel and a lubrication nozzle 48. The lubrication nozzle 48 can spray grinding fluid to the bionic grinding wheel. The bionic grinding wheel transports the grinding fluid to the grinding position so that the grinding fluid participates in cooling; the ultrasonic vibration worktable component I includes a clamp 12, a radial amplitude variation mechanism and a tangential amplitude variation structure. One side of the tangential amplitude variation mechanism is connected to the radial amplitude variation mechanism, and the other side is connected to the clamp 12. The radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism work together to drive the clamp 12 and the workpiece 14 clamped therein to form a two-dimensional vibration, so that the bionic grinding wheel grinding position and the workpiece 14 move relative to each other. The trajectory of the relative motion is an arc, which improves the cooling participation efficiency of the grinding fluid and improves the surface processing accuracy of the workpiece 14.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bionic grinding wheel shown comprises a substrate and hydrophilic abrasive grains. The outer circumferential surface of the substrate is the hydrophobic surface of a bionic lotus leaf, and the hydrophilic abrasive grains are arranged on the hydrophobic surface of the substrate.

[0043] The hydrophobic surface includes a super-hydrophobic surface of a bionic lotus leaf, and uses hydrophilic abrasive grains that mimic the hydrophilic protrusions on the back of a bionic desert beetle, and is arranged in the form of a hydrophilic abrasive grain cluster. The hydrophobic surface can be formed by laser processing the outer circumference of the substrate, or by arranging a hydrophobic coating; the hydrophilic abrasive grains use treated hydrophilic diamond abrasive grains. In addition, the hydrophilic abrasive grains are evenly and orderly arranged on the outer circumference of the substrate by electroplating.

[0044] In this embodiment, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hydrophobic surface of the outer circumference of the substrate processed by laser includes:

[0045] The material of the substrate is aluminum alloy, which can meet the strength requirements of grinding. The substrate is ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol for 15 minutes to remove surface impurities. The sample is then dried with nitrogen.

[0046] The laser source is a nanosecond fiber SPI laser (20W EP-S) with a wavelength of 1064nm.

[0047] The laser is connected to a galvanometer scanner and F-Theta focusing lens to deliver a focused laser beam on the sample surface with a nominal beam spot of b = 21 µm (defined as 1 / 2 of the maximum intensity of the beam profile). ). The beam profile is = 1.1. A pulse duration of 220 ns and a repetition rate of 25 kHz were used for all fabrication processes. The scan spacing was a and the depth of the created structures was h.

[0048] The microstructure on the sample is achieved by scanning the laser beam at a fixed speed of 150mm / s, first in the x-direction and then in the y-direction, with a scanning spacing of a=50~150µm. The distance between adjacent laser scan lines, the so-called scan line separation or spacing size, remains unchanged on both paths. The average depth of the created structure is h=7~8µm, and the depth of the laser processing intersection is h=11~13µm. The processed substrate is placed at a temperature of 10°C for two weeks. By adjusting the various parameters of the laser, the substrate is processed into a super-hydrophobic structure similar to the lotus leaf surface, which has a good hydrophobic effect such as Figure 3 and 4 shown.

[0049] By controlling various parameters of the laser, the superhydrophobic grinding wheel substrate microstructure is similar to the surface of a bionic lotus leaf, which has a good superhydrophobic effect.

[0050] In this embodiment, the preparation process of the bionic grinding wheel is as follows:

[0051] Step 1: Hydrophilization of diamond abrasives. Select diamond abrasives of the same volume and similar structure, and oxidize the diamonds at high temperature. Oxidation will make the surface of diamond abrasives rough, and the roughened diamond abrasives will show hydrophilicity, so it is called hydrophilization of diamond abrasives. Oxidized diamond abrasives have many advantages, which can improve the degree of bonding with the substrate and enhance the grinding performance, etc.

[0052] Step 2: Grinding wheel substrate or coating on substrate is hydrophobic. The substrate is processed by laser. By controlling different parameters of the laser, the substrate surface is scanned and the micro-scale structure of the surface is changed, thereby achieving a good hydrophobic effect. The hydrophobic coating is made by chemically modifying the nickel coating and myristic acid to reduce the surface energy while trapping air, thereby preparing a hydrophobic coating with good wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0053] Step 3: Combine the hydrophilic abrasive with the hydrophobic layer. The electroplating method is used to effectively arrange the abrasive so that the abrasive is evenly distributed and the formation of nickel nodules can be effectively prevented. The preparation process is as follows: Fig. 9 shown.

[0054] The hydrophilization of diamond abrasive in step 1 includes:

[0055] By screening diamond abrasives, the diamond abrasives are made to have the same volume and similar structure, which is conducive to the controllable and arranged abrasives. Then the diamond oxidation is carried out. Before starting, the air tightness of the tube furnace needs to be tested. Then the diamond abrasive is slowly placed in the middle of the tube furnace. Because the temperature at the furnace core is the highest, the temperature decreases with the increase of the distance from the furnace core. Install the refractory furnace plug, close the furnace mouth, and add a device to prevent backflow at the tail of the furnace. Open the vent valve and let in 99.99% pure nitrogen. Because the surface nitriding treatment will aggravate the oxidation of diamonds, the nitrogen treatment efficiency is greater than that of oxygen, air and other gases, so nitrogen is selected as the treatment gas. Control the bubble generation rate in the anti-backflow device bottle to 1-2 per second. Control the heating rate to be about 10℃ / min. Heat up to the specified temperature. And set the oxidation time. The specified temperature is above 600℃, because diamond abrasives can only be effectively oxidized above 600℃, and the temperature is not easy to be too high, which will cause diamond carbonization. During the high temperature oxidation process, after 10 minutes of oxidation treatment, the contact angle of the diamond abrasive was about 20°, showing hydrophilicity. After 20 minutes of oxidation treatment, the contact angle of the diamond abrasive was 5°, showing super hydrophilicity.

[0056] In other optional embodiments, the step of processing the coating on the outer circumferential surface of the substrate to form a hydrophobic surface in step 2 includes:

[0057] In the first step, the grinding wheel substrate after laser processing was ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol and then dried with nitrogen.

[0058] The second step is to pre-treat the substrate before electroplating: (1) degreasing; (2) water washing; (3) alkaline etching; (4) water washing; (5) chemical polishing; (6) water washing; (7) zinc immersion once; (8) water washing; (9) zinc removal; (10) water washing; (11) double zinc immersion; (12) water washing.

[0059] (1) Degreasing

[0060] (2) Washing

[0061] (3) Alkaline etching (degreasing and waxing)

[0062] Choose wax removal water or wax removal liquid. After wax removal and oil removal, there is a layer of scale film and oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy. This film must be removed. It can be removed in an alkaline solution or an acid solution. The alkaline corrosion can be used with the following formula: sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 50 g / L, time 0.5~ 1 min, temperature: 50~60℃. You can also buy special alkaline corrosion liquid produced by finished product companies.

[0063] (4) Washing

[0064] (5) Chemical polishing

[0065] There are three processes available. The first one is nitric acid ( ), hydrofluoric acid (HF) = 3:1, time 1~2 min, temperature is room temperature; the second, nitric acid ( ), 750 ml / L, hydrogen fluoride (NHHF>) 120g / L, time 30s, temperature is room temperature; the third type, sulfuric acid 100 ml / L, hydrogen peroxide 50 ml / L, time 15~60 s, temperature is room temperature.

[0066] (6) Washing

[0067] (7) First zinc immersion

[0068] The zinc dipping solution uses 400-600ml / L of BH-123 zinc dipping agent for immersion for 60-90s.

[0069] (8) Washing

[0070] (9) Zinc removal

[0071] Use 50% nitric acid to remove

[0072] (10) Washing

[0073] (11) Second zinc immersion

[0074] Also use 400~600ml / L of BH-123 zinc dipping agent, control the temperature at 18~25℃, and soak for 30~60s.

[0075] (12) Washing

[0076] The exposure time to air during this cleaning process shall not exceed 10s.

[0077] The third step is to pre-plating the grinding wheel substrate: the specific composition of the pre-plating solution is: 270~300g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate ( ), 40~60g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate ( ), 40~50g / L boric acid ( ), 0.1~0.2mL / L BH-963A semi-bright nickel additive, 0.1~0.2mL / L BH-963B semi-bright nickel additive, 1.5~2.5mL / L BH-semi-bright nickel wetting agent, stirring in air, pH value controlled at 4.1~4.5, current density controlled at 2~5 , the temperature is controlled at 50~55℃, and the electroplating time is 10min. At this current density, the nickel grains on the surface of the cathode aluminum alloy rapidly nucleate, making the coating dense.

[0078] The fourth step is to make the coating hydrophobic: clean the pre-plated grinding wheel substrate and dry it. The newly electroplated nickel has high activity and is easily oxidized to -OH bonds under the action of myristic acid. The myristic acid molecules will connect with these products and form ion complexes, further reducing the surface energy. The combination of the nickel layer and myristic acid fills the coating area with air. The trapped air can act as a micro air cushion to prevent water from contacting the surface, making it have good hydrophobic properties. Put the dried grinding wheel into an ethanol solution containing myristic acid, the concentration of which is 0.1~0.2mol / L.

[0079] The time in the solution is 60 minutes. After taking it out, it is dried in the oven for 120 minutes, and the temperature is controlled at 60°C. The final coating shows good hydrophobic properties. The hydrophobic coating treated above has good mechanical stability, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, meeting the substrate's requirements for the hydrophobic layer.

[0080] The combination of the hydrophilic abrasive and the hydrophobic layer in step 3 includes:

[0081] Using the electroplating method, the abrasive particles are arranged in a staggered order in the form of abrasive particle clusters and electroplated on the grinding wheel substrate. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the arrangement is realized by masking method, the sticker is processed by engraving knife or laser to produce the required sticker pattern, pasted to the substrate, the abrasive is fixed by bonding agent, and then electroplating is performed for reinforcement. Figure 2 When the arrangement is staggered, the coordinate equation of the center of each abrasive cluster is

[0082]

[0083] Among them: is the grinding wheel radius, is the radius of the abrasive cluster, j is the number of columns of abrasive clusters;

[0084] when fix(n / j) When is an odd number, ;when fix(n / j) When is an even number, ; is the abrasive grain misalignment angle.

[0085] The specific composition of the electroplating solution is: 450g / L nickel sulfamate, 40g / L boric acid, 10g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 0.1g / L SDS, hydrophilic diamond particles and BEO. The concentration of BEO (bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-butene) in the bath is 0.1 / L. The hydrophobic substrate or the pre-plated substrate is cleaned and dried, and the substrate is placed in the electroplating solution as the cathode. The anode is a pure nickel plate. Except for the surface that needs to be processed, the rest of the surface is covered with epoxy resin. The pH value of the bath is adjusted to 4.0, and the bath temperature is maintained at 50°C. At a current density of 20 The electrodeposition was carried out in 1.0 L stirring solution at a speed of 340 RPM / min for 1 h.

[0086] In this embodiment, the matrix of the bionic grinding wheel is designed at the microscopic level, and the microstructure of the surface of the diamond abrasive grains is changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The microstructure of the matrix surface or the matrix coating is processed by laser to make it hydrophobic like the surface of a lotus leaf. The abrasive grains are arranged in a staggered order, and each point of the staggered arrangement is an abrasive grain cluster composed of hydrophilic diamond abrasive grains, which can make the surface quality of the processed workpiece 14 more stable. The abrasive grains are bionic to the protrusions on the back of the desert beetle through high-temperature oxidation. The combination of the cooling medium condensed by the hydrophilic abrasive grains and the self-transporting super-hydrophobic matrix further reduces the grinding temperature of the grinding wheel during the grinding process.

[0087] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly I includes a fixture 12, a radial amplitude variation mechanism and a tangential amplitude variation mechanism.

[0088] One side of the tangential amplitude variation mechanism is connected to the radial amplitude variation mechanism, and the other side is connected to the fixture 12. The radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism work together to drive the fixture 12 and the workpiece 14 clamped therein to form a two-dimensional vibration, so that the grinding position of the bionic grinding wheel and the workpiece 14 move relative to each other.

[0089] Specifically, the radial amplitude variation mechanism includes a radial transducer 2, a radial amplitude variation rod 5 and a radial support 8 connected in sequence. The radial transducer 2 is connected to the radial amplitude variation rod 5, and the radial amplitude variation rod 5 is installed on a radial support frame 33. The radial support frame 33 is an L-shaped plate. A groove is set at one end of the radial support frame 33. The radial amplitude variation rod 5 is inserted into the groove. A radial support frame cover 6 is connected above the groove. The radial support frame cover 6 is installed on the radial support frame 33 by the radial support frame cover screws 4, thereby constraining the radial amplitude variation rod 5.

[0090] The other end of the radial support frame 33 is provided with a through hole, and the bottom of the radial support frame 33 is mounted on the arc-shaped T-shaped slide groove 40 on the bottom plate 34, such as Figure 6As shown, the center of the track of the T-shaped slide groove 40 is colinear with the axis of the through hole, so that the radial support frame 33 can drive the radial amplitude variation mechanism to rotate around the axis of its through hole, thereby changing the relative angle between the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism.

[0091] The radial support frame 33 is provided with a radial support frame bolt 32 at the position corresponding to the T-shaped slide groove 40. The head of the radial support frame bolt 32 is slidably set in the T-shaped slide groove 40, and the other end passes through the radial support frame 33 and is matched with a radial support frame nut 31. The position of the radial support frame 33 is adjusted by moving the radial support frame bolt 32 along the T-shaped slide groove 40, and the radial support frame nut 31 can be loosened or tightened at the same time, thereby releasing the lock of the radial support frame 33 or forming the lock of the radial support frame 33, so that the radial support frame 33 can be adjusted as needed.

[0092] Specifically, the tangential amplitude changing mechanism includes a tangential transducer 25, a tangential amplitude changing rod 23 and a tangential support 9 which are connected in sequence. The tangential transducer 25 is connected to the tangential amplitude changing rod 23, and the tangential amplitude changing rod 23 is installed on a tangential support frame 28. The tangential support frame 28 is an L-shaped plate, and a groove is arranged at one end of the tangential support frame 28. The tangential amplitude changing rod 23 is inserted into the groove, and a tangential support frame cover 22 is connected above the groove. The tangential support frame cover 22 is installed on the tangential support frame 28 by means of a tangential support frame cover screw 21, thereby constraining the tangential amplitude changing rod 23.

[0093] The tangential support frame 28 is fixed to the base plate 34 by the tangential support frame fixing screws 29. The radial support 8 is matched with a rotating shaft 39 through a preset through hole. One end of the rotating shaft 39 extends into the preset blind hole of the tangential support 9 and forms a rotating connection so that the radial support 8 and the tangential support 9 can rotate relative to each other.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, one end of the rotating shaft 39 away from the tangential support 9 abuts against the base 37, the tangential amplitude changing rod 23 is connected to the tangential support frame 28, and the base 37 is fixed to the tangential support frame 28 by the base fixing screw 19; the radial amplitude changing rod 5 is connected to the radial support frame 33, and the radial support frame 33 is rotatably sleeved outside the base 37 through the through hole set thereon, so that the radial amplitude changing mechanism rotates around the axis of the base 37 relative to the tangential amplitude changing mechanism.

[0095] The rotating shaft 39 is a stepped shaft with a T-shaped cross section. A ball is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 39 that matches the tangential support 9, and a rotating shaft sliding ball 41 is provided circumferentially at the end. A base sliding ball 38 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 39 that abuts against the base 37. This is to reduce the resistance to relative rotation between the rotating shaft 39 and the tangential support 9, and between the rotating shaft 39 and the base 37. The rotating shaft 39 is locked by the radial support fixing screw 18, so that the rotating shaft 39 and the radial support 8 rotate together.

[0096] like Figure 5As shown, the output end of the radial transducer 2 is connected to the radial amplitude rod 5, and a radial amplitude rod connecting gasket 3 is provided at the connection position between the two. A radial negative contact 1 and a radial positive contact 35 are provided on the radial transducer 2 for connecting to a power supply; a radial connecting gasket 7 is provided at the position where the radial amplitude rod 5 is connected to the radial support 8.

[0097] The output end of the tangential transducer 25 is connected to the tangential amplitude transformer 23 through a connecting bolt 36. A tangential amplitude transformer connecting washer 24 is provided at the connection position between the two. A tangential negative contact 27 and a tangential positive contact 26 are provided on the tangential transducer 25 for connecting to a power supply. A tangential connecting washer 20 is provided at the position where the tangential amplitude transformer 23 is connected to the tangential support 9.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown, the clamp 12 is installed on the dynamometer 10 by means of the clamp fixing screw 13. A positioning groove is provided on the clamp 12. The positioning groove is connected with a tangential positioning member and a radial positioning member. The tangential positioning member and the radial positioning member are combined with two adjacent side walls of the positioning groove to form a clamping portion for accommodating a workpiece 14. The positioning groove is connected to the tangential amplitude variation mechanism through the dynamometer 10. The dynamometer 10 is installed on the tangential amplitude variation mechanism by means of the dynamometer fixing screw 11.

[0099] Among them, the tangential positioning member adopts a tangential positioning screw 15, and the radial positioning member adopts a radial positioning screw 17 combined with a workpiece positioning block 16. The tangential positioning member can adjust the size of the clamping part along the axial direction of the tangential amplitude transformer 23, and the radial positioning member can adjust the size of the clamping part perpendicular to the axial direction of the tangential amplitude transformer 23, so as to adapt to workpieces 14 of different sizes.

[0100] The tangential amplitude variation mechanism and the radial amplitude variation mechanism are respectively installed on the base plate 34, and the base plate 34 is arranged on the workbench 42 of the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly I. The base plate 34 is fixed on the workbench by the base plate positioning screws 30. The grinding assembly II is mounted on the fixture 12 and faces the workpiece 14.

[0101] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the lubrication nozzle 48 of the grinding assembly II is connected to a grinding fluid delivery pipeline 45 and a compressed air delivery pipeline 46. The grinding fluid delivery pipeline 45 is connected to a cooling fluid source, and the compressed air delivery pipeline 46 is connected to a pressure air source.

[0102] The coolant source can be realized by a coolant storage tank combined with a coolant pump, and the pressure gas source can be an air pump, a pressure gas tank, etc.

[0103] A grinding wheel cover 43 is disposed outside the bionic grinding wheel, and a pipeline fixing part 47 is disposed outside the grinding wheel cover 43 . A compressed air delivery pipeline 46 and a grinding fluid delivery pipeline 45 are respectively fixed on the pipeline fixing part 47 .

[0104] In this embodiment, the lubrication nozzle 48 is a micro-lubrication nozzle, and the grinding fluid and the pressurized air are input into the lubrication nozzle 48 together, and then output to the grinding work position and the bionic grinding wheel in the form of spray.

[0105] When the grinding fluid sprayed from the lubricating nozzle 48 contacts the surface of the bionic grinding wheel, it will be transported to the hydrophilic abrasive grains through the super-hydrophobic surface, preferentially forming droplets at the hydrophilic abrasive grain clusters, and then fall off under the action of gravity and the rotation of the bionic grinding wheel driven by the power head, and participate in cooling. The cooling medium that does not contact the surface of the bionic grinding wheel directly participates in cooling. The ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly I changes the movement trajectory of the abrasive grains, making the grinding surface more uniform.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a working method of a lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device is given.

[0108] Using the lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as in Example 1, the method comprises the following steps:

[0109] The workpiece 14 is clamped in the fixture 12, and the workpiece 14 vibrates in a circular arc trajectory in the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism;

[0110] The bionic grinding wheel is connected to the power head, and the lubrication nozzle 48 sprays the grinding fluid to the bionic grinding wheel;

[0111] The bionic grinding wheel rotates and contacts the workpiece 14 for grinding. When the grinding fluid contacts the hydrophobic surface of the bionic grinding wheel, it is transported to the hydrophilic abrasive grains through the hydrophobic surface. The grinding fluid on the hydrophilic abrasive grains falls off under the action of the rotation of the bionic grinding wheel and gravity, participating in the lubrication and cooling of the grinding processing position.

[0112] The working parameters of the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism are adjusted to make the workpiece 14 form a two-dimensional vibration relative to the bionic grinding wheel.

[0113] Based on the basic wettability principle, the self-transport of the cooling medium on the grinding wheel is divided into three processes: condensation of cooling medium droplets, growth of cooling medium droplets, and shedding of cooling medium droplets. The specific process is that the cooling medium is sprayed onto the surface of the bionic grinding wheel through the lubrication nozzle 48 of micro-lubrication, and the hydrophilic abrasive clusters on the surface of the bionic grinding wheel preferentially contact the atomized cooling medium, and the cooling medium preferentially condenses and nucleates on the abrasive clusters. The cooling medium that does not contact the abrasive clusters is sprayed on the super-hydrophobic surface. There is no strong adhesion on the super-hydrophobic surface. The cooling medium will flow to the position of the abrasive clusters through the fine grooves on the surface, accelerate the growth of droplets at the abrasive clusters, and then fall off under the action of gravity and the rotation of the bionic grinding wheel. Through the combination of hydrophilic abrasive clusters and hydrophobic surfaces, the efficiency of the cooling medium participating in the grinding process is improved, and the cooling medium absorbs heat through heat exchange, reduces the temperature during the grinding process, and improves the quality of the processed products.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device, characterized in that: include: The grinding assembly includes a bionic grinding wheel and a lubricating nozzle, wherein the lubricating nozzle obtains grinding fluid and sprays it onto the bionic grinding wheel, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the base of the bionic grinding wheel is a hydrophobic surface of a bionic lotus leaf, and hydrophilic abrasive grains imitating desert beetles are arranged on the hydrophobic surface of the base; The ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly includes a fixture, a radial amplitude variation mechanism and a tangential amplitude variation mechanism. One side of the tangential amplitude variation mechanism is connected to the radial amplitude variation mechanism, and the other side is connected to the fixture. The radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism work together to drive the fixture and the workpiece clamped therein to form a two-dimensional vibration, so that the grinding position of the bionic grinding wheel and the workpiece move relative to each other. The grinding wheel base is designed with a super-hydrophobic surface that mimics the lotus leaf, and then the hydrophilic abrasive grains that mimic the bionic desert beetle are used on the grinding wheel base to form a staggered arrangement. The combination of the hydrophilic abrasive grains and the hydrophobic surface of the lotus leaf enables the cooling medium to be self-transported on the grinding wheel surface, and the grinding fluid is quickly transported to the hydrophilic area through the hydrophobic texture, and then quickly falls off in the hydrophilic area, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the grinding wheel and effectively reducing the temperature of the grinding area. The hydrophilic abrasive grains of the bionic grinding wheel are arranged on the hydrophobic surface of the substrate by electroplating, and the hydrophilic abrasive grains are arranged in a staggered arrangement in the form of abrasive grain clusters; this is beneficial for discharging waste chips, and the space between the abrasive grain clusters is beneficial for the grinding fluid to participate in cooling and reduce the grinding temperature, and the orderly arranged abrasive grains can improve the surface quality of the processed workpiece; When the arrangement is staggered, the coordinate equation of the center of each abrasive cluster is: in: is the grinding wheel radius, is the radius of the abrasive cluster, j is the number of columns of abrasive clusters; when fix(n / j) When is an odd number, ;when fix(n / j) When is an even number, ; is the abrasive grain misalignment angle; By controlling different parameters of the laser, the microstructure of the substrate surface or substrate coating is processed by laser to make it hydrophobic like the surface of lotus leaf. The abrasive grains are arranged in a staggered order. Each point of the staggered arrangement is an abrasive grain cluster composed of hydrophilic diamond abrasive grains, which makes the surface quality of the processed workpiece more stable. The abrasive grains are bionic to the bulge on the back of desert beetles through high-temperature oxidation. The combination of cooling medium condensed by hydrophilic abrasive grains and super-hydrophobic substrate with self-transportation enables the grinding wheel to further reduce the grinding temperature during grinding. The ultrasonic vibration worktable assembly drives the workpiece to form a two-dimensional arc motion, so that the grinding work path is changed from a single linear motion to an arc motion on the workpiece surface. Combined with the self-transporting effect of the bionic grinding wheel on the grinding fluid, the cooling efficiency and lubrication effect of the bionic grinding wheel grinding are guaranteed, and the surface processing quality of the workpiece is jointly improved; By combining ultrasonic vibration assistance with the orderly arrangement of grinding wheel abrasives, the working path of the abrasives is increased while the efficiency of the grinding fluid participating in cooling is improved, making the processed surface smoother and the processing quality higher.

2. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial amplitude variation mechanism includes a radial transducer, a radial amplitude variation rod and a radial support connected in sequence, and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism includes a tangential transducer, a tangential amplitude variation rod and a tangential support connected in sequence. The radial support is equipped with a rotating shaft through a preset through hole, and one end of the rotating shaft is inserted into a preset blind hole of the tangential support to form a rotating connection so that the radial support and the tangential support can rotate relative to each other.

3. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft away from the tangential support abuts against the base, the tangential amplitude changing rod is connected to the tangential support frame, and the base is fixed to the tangential support frame; the radial amplitude changing rod is connected to the radial support frame, and the radial support frame is rotatably sleeved outside the base, so that the radial amplitude changing mechanism rotates around the axis of the base relative to the tangential amplitude changing mechanism.

4. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The fixture is provided with a positioning groove, which is connected to a tangential positioning piece and a radial positioning piece. The tangential positioning piece and the radial positioning piece are combined with two adjacent side walls of the positioning groove to form a clamping portion for accommodating a workpiece. The positioning groove is connected to the tangential amplitude variation mechanism through a dynamometer.

5. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The tangential amplitude variation mechanism and the radial amplitude variation mechanism are respectively installed on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is arranged on the workbench of the ultrasonic vibration workbench assembly, and the grinding assembly is mounted on the fixture and faces the workpiece.

6. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating nozzle is connected with a grinding fluid delivery pipeline and a compressed air delivery pipeline. The grinding fluid delivery pipeline is connected to a cooling fluid source, and the compressed air delivery pipeline is connected to a pressure air source.

7. The lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A grinding wheel cover is arranged outside the bionic grinding wheel, and a pipeline fixing piece is arranged outside the grinding wheel cover, and a compressed air delivery pipeline and a grinding fluid delivery pipeline are respectively fixed on the pipeline fixing piece.

8. A working method of the lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Workpiece Clamped in the fixture, the workpiece vibrates in a circular arc trajectory in the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism; The bionic grinding wheel is connected to the power head, and the lubrication nozzle sprays grinding fluid to the bionic grinding wheel; The bionic grinding wheel rotates and contacts the workpiece for grinding. When the grinding fluid contacts the hydrophobic surface of the bionic grinding wheel, it is transported to the hydrophilic abrasive through the hydrophobic surface. The grinding fluid on the hydrophilic abrasive falls off under the rotation of the bionic grinding wheel and the action of gravity, participating in the lubrication and cooling of the grinding processing position.

9. The working method of the lotus leaf-desert beetle bionic grinding wheel ultrasonic vibration grinding device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The working parameters of the radial amplitude variation mechanism and the tangential amplitude variation mechanism are adjusted to make the workpiece form two-dimensional vibration relative to the bionic grinding wheel.

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