A drag device and anti-collision system for preventing a ship from colliding

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a resistance device and an anti-collision system for preventing ship collision, the resistance device comprises: a resistance device body, the resistance device body comprises a shell and a suction system arranged on the shell, and the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell connected with the first shell, the first shell is made of rigid material, the second shell is made of flexible material, when the ship collides with the resistance device body, the suction system is used for vacuumizing the cavity of the shell to form a suction disc structure; a traction member, the first end of the traction member is connected to the shell, and the second end of the traction member is arranged below the mud surface of the sea, when the resistance device body is adsorbed on the ship, the traction member applies a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship to the resistance device body. The resistance device provided by the present application applies a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship to the resistance device body under the action of the traction member through the cooperation of the shell of the resistance device body and the suction system, so that the ship collision with the pile foundation is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and more specifically, to a drag device and anti-collision system for preventing ship collisions. Background Technology

[0002] Due to technological and environmental constraints, offshore wind farms are generally located near the coast, close to shipping lanes. With the increasing number of offshore wind turbines, the likelihood of collisions between ships and these turbines is rising. Collisions between ships and offshore wind turbines can significantly weaken the structural strength of the turbines, potentially leading to tower deformation and even structural collapse. Ship impacts not only disrupt the normal operation of offshore wind turbines but also increase maintenance costs and may even cause injuries or fatalities. Therefore, collision protection measures in the foundation design of offshore wind turbines are essential.

[0003] In existing technologies, anti-collision measures mainly involve adding anti-collision structures to the surface of offshore wind turbine pile foundations, such as adding anti-collision barrels or anti-collision rings. These structures are attached to the pile foundation surface, making the design of the pile foundation surface more complex. Furthermore, the added auxiliary structures can affect the vibration frequency of the pile foundation, requiring frequency verification, which increases the cost of the anti-collision structure.

[0004] In addition, although the anti-collision structure set up in the sea area around the pile foundation is not connected to the pile foundation, it is complex in structure, expensive, and will affect the normal passage of ships.

[0005] Therefore, how to prevent ships from colliding with the pile foundations of offshore wind turbines without affecting them has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a drag device for preventing ship collisions, so as to prevent ships from colliding with the pile foundations while ensuring that the offshore wind turbine pile foundations are not affected.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a collision avoidance system having the above-mentioned drag.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A drag device for preventing ship collisions includes:

[0010] The drag unit includes a housing and an air intake system disposed on the housing. The housing includes a first housing and a second housing connected to the first housing. The first housing is made of a rigid material, and the second housing is made of a flexible material. When the drag unit is in its initial state, the housing is a spherical structure. When a ship comes into contact with the drag unit, the air intake system is used to evacuate the cavity of the housing to a vacuum state to form a suction cup-like structure and adhere to the ship.

[0011] The traction component has a first end connected to the housing and a second end disposed on the mud surface below the sea surface. When the drag unit is attached to the vessel, the traction component applies a pulling force to the drag unit in the opposite direction to the vessel's direction of travel to reduce the vessel's speed.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned resistance device, a partition is provided between the first housing and the second housing to divide the cavity of the housing into a first chamber located in the first housing and a second chamber located in the second housing. The first chamber is a gas chamber and the second chamber is a liquid chamber. The second housing is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet system for switching the resistance device body between floating and sinking. The air intake system is provided on the partition and is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned resistance device, the liquid inlet and outlet system includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is located in the upper region of the second housing, and the liquid outlet is located in the lower region of the second housing. The liquid inlet is equipped with a liquid inlet valve, and the liquid outlet is equipped with a liquid outlet valve.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned resistance device, the resistance device body further includes an exhaust system, which is disposed on the partition and communicates with the first chamber and the second chamber respectively.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned resistance device, the hull width of the ship is W, and when the resistance device body is in its initial state, the diameter of the cavity of the shell is D, and D is 0.2W to 0.5W.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-described resistive device, the thickness of the first housing is not less than 0.01D; and / or,

[0017] The thickness of the second shell is 1cm to 2cm.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned drag unit, the traction component includes a fixing component and an anchor chain connected to the fixing component. The fixing component is fixed to the mud surface below the sea surface, and the anchor chain is connected to the shell.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-described resistive device, the first housing is made of steel; and / or,

[0020] The second housing is made of rubber.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned resistance device, the first housing is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0022] A collision avoidance system, comprising:

[0023] A drag device, located within a safe area around the pile foundation and below sea level, wherein the drag device is a drag device for preventing ship collision as described in any of the preceding claims;

[0024] A sensor, mounted on the pile foundation and located above the sea surface, is used to monitor the distance and speed of ships.

[0025] The present invention provides a drag system for preventing ship collisions. Through the cooperation of the drag system's housing and an air intake system, and under the action of a traction component, a pulling force opposite to the ship's direction of travel is applied to the drag system, thereby reducing the ship's speed until it reaches a safe value. When the ship contacts the drag system, the air intake system activates, evacuating the cavity within the housing to a vacuum state. Because the first housing is made of rigid material and the second housing is made of flexible material, the second housing deforms towards the first housing during the air intake process until the cavity within the housing is evacuated. At this point, the housing changes from an initial spherical structure to a suction cup-like structure, adhering to the ship. As the ship continues to travel, the traction component generates a pulling force opposite to the ship's direction of travel, applying it to the drag system to reduce the ship's speed until it reaches a safe value.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the drag device for preventing ship collisions provided by the present invention works in conjunction with the shell of the drag device body and the air intake system, and at the same time, under the action of the traction component, a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship's travel is applied to the drag device body, thereby reducing the ship's speed until the ship's speed is reduced to a safe value. Furthermore, the drag device can be set in a safe area near the offshore wind turbine pile foundation, thereby ensuring that the ship does not collide with the pile foundation without affecting the offshore wind turbine pile foundation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the resistance device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the resistance device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 100 is the resistance body, 101 is the first housing, 1011 is the first chamber, 102 is the second housing, 1021 is the second chamber, 103 is the intake system, 104 is the partition, 105 is the exhaust system, 106 is the liquid inlet valve, and 107 is the liquid outlet valve.

[0032] 200 is the traction component, 201 is the fixing component, and 202 is the anchor chain;

[0033] 300 is the pile foundation, and 301 is the sensor;

[0034] 400 represents the sea surface, and 401 represents the mud surface. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The core of this invention is to provide a drag device for preventing ship collisions, so as to prevent ships from colliding with the pile foundations while ensuring that the offshore wind turbine pile foundations are not affected.

[0036] Another core aspect of this invention is to provide an anti-collision system with the aforementioned drag.

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment of the invention discloses a drag device for preventing ship collisions, including a drag device body 100 and a traction component 200. It should be noted that in the prior art, collision protection measures for offshore wind turbine foundation design generally involve adding collision protection structures to the surface of the offshore wind turbine pile foundation, such as adding collision barrels or collision rings. These structures are attached to the pile foundation surface, making the design of the pile foundation surface more complex. Furthermore, the added auxiliary structures can affect the vibration frequency of the pile foundation, requiring frequency verification, thus increasing the cost of the collision protection structure. In addition, collision protection structures set up in the sea area around the pile foundation, although not connected to the pile foundation, are complex in structure, expensive, and can also affect the normal passage of ships. The drag device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention for preventing ship collisions works by cooperating with the housing of the drag device body 100 and the air intake system 103, and simultaneously applying a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship's travel to the drag device body 100 under the action of the traction member 200, thereby reducing the ship's speed until the ship's speed is reduced to a safe value. Furthermore, the drag device can be set in a safe area near the offshore wind turbine pile foundation, thereby ensuring that the ship does not collide with the pile foundation without affecting it.

[0039] Among them, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the drag unit 100 includes a housing and an air intake system 103 disposed on the housing. The housing includes a first housing 101 and a second housing 102 connected to the first housing 101. The first housing 101 is made of a rigid material, and the second housing 102 is made of a flexible material. When the drag unit 100 is in its initial state, the housing has a spherical structure. When a ship comes into contact with the drag unit 100, the air intake system 103 is used to evacuate the cavity of the housing to a vacuum state, forming a suction cup-like structure and adhering to the ship. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first housing 101 is made of steel, and the second housing is made of rubber. The first housing 101 is coated with an anti-corrosion material to prevent seawater corrosion and improve the service life of the drag unit 100. When the ship does not collide with the drag unit 100, i.e., the drag unit 100 is in its initial state, the shell is a spherical structure formed by splicing the first shell 101 and the second shell 102. When the ship collides with the drag unit 100, the air intake system receives a start signal and begins to extract air from the shell until the cavity of the shell is evacuated. At this time, because the first shell 101 is made of rigid material and the second shell 102 is made of flexible material, the second shell 102 is recessed inward toward the first shell 101, thus forming a suction cup-like structure that adheres to the ship. At the same time, the first end of the traction member 200 is connected to the shell, and the second end of the traction member 200 is set on the mud surface 401 below the sea surface 400. When the drag unit 100 is adhered to the ship, the ship continues to travel, and the traction member 200 will generate a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship's travel and apply it to the drag unit 100 to reduce the ship's speed until the ship's speed is reduced to a safe value. It should be noted that the drag device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention can be installed within a safe area around the offshore wind turbine pile foundation, thereby ensuring that the pile foundation is not affected while preventing ships from colliding with it. The safe area refers to the region within which ships will not affect the pile foundation.

[0040] The present invention discloses a drag system for preventing ship collisions. Through the cooperation of the drag system body 100 housing and the suction system 103, and under the action of the traction member 200, a pulling force opposite to the ship's direction of travel is applied to the drag system body 100, thereby reducing the ship's speed until it reaches a safe value. When the ship contacts the drag system body 100, the suction system 103 is activated, evacuating the cavity inside the housing to a vacuum state. Because the first housing 101 is made of rigid material and the second housing 102 is made of flexible material, the second housing 102 deforms towards the first housing 101 during the evacuation process of the suction system 103 until the cavity inside the housing is evacuated. At this point, the housing changes from an initial spherical structure to a suction cup-like structure and adheres to the ship. As the ship continues to travel, the traction member 200 generates a pulling force opposite to the ship's direction of travel and applies it to the drag system body 100, reducing the ship's speed until it reaches a safe value.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the drag device disclosed in this invention for preventing ship collisions works by cooperating with the housing of the drag device body 100 and the air intake system 103, and simultaneously applying a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship's travel to the drag device body 100 under the action of the traction member 200, thereby reducing the ship's speed until the ship's speed is reduced to a safe value. Furthermore, the drag device can be set in a safe area near the offshore wind turbine pile foundation, thereby ensuring that the ship does not collide with the pile foundation without affecting it.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in one specific embodiment, a partition 104 is provided between the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 to divide the housing cavity into a first chamber 1011 located in the first housing 101 and a second chamber 1021 located in the second housing 102. The first chamber 1011 is a gas chamber, and the second chamber 1021 is a liquid chamber. A liquid inlet and outlet system is provided on the second housing 102 to allow the drag body 100 to switch between floating and sinking. An air intake system 103 is provided on the partition 104 and is connected to both the first chamber 1011 and the second chamber 1021. Specifically, the liquid inlet and outlet system includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is located in the upper region of the second housing 102, and the outlet is located in the lower region of the second housing 102. The inlet is equipped with an inlet valve 106, and the outlet is equipped with an outlet valve 107. The air intake system includes a signal receiver to receive external signals, and the inlet valve 106 and outlet valve 107 each have a signal receiver and a controller. When the second chamber 1021 draws in water, causing the drag valve body 100 to sink, the inlet valve 106 opens and the outlet valve 107 closes, filling the second chamber 1021 with liquid and causing the drag valve body 100 to sink to the seabed. This ensures normal passage of the vessel when no collision avoidance measures are required. When the second chamber 1021 drains water, causing the drag valve body 100 to float, the inlet valve 106 closes and the outlet valve 107 opens, allowing the liquid in the second chamber 1021 to be discharged. At this time, the drag valve body 100 floats to the sea surface 400 under the action of buoyancy and, in conjunction with the traction component 200, reduces the vessel's speed until it reaches a safe value.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, to facilitate faster drainage of the liquid in the second chamber 1021, the drag body 100 also includes an exhaust system 105. The exhaust system 105 is mounted on the partition 104 and is connected to both the first chamber 1011 and the second chamber 1021. Specifically, the exhaust system 105 has a signal receiver. When the drag body 100 needs to float, the inlet valve 106 closes, the outlet valve 107 opens, and the exhaust system 105 activates, discharging the gas from the first chamber 1011 into the second chamber 1021, allowing the liquid to drain more quickly from the outlet under gas pressure. To further expedite liquid drainage and allow the drag body 100 to float to the sea surface 400 as quickly as possible, the outlet is positioned below the inlet, and the exhaust system 105 is positioned above the intake system 103, enabling the liquid to drain more quickly from the outlet under gas pressure. Of course, the intake system 103 and the exhaust system 105 can also be an integrated intake and exhaust system, that is, the intake and exhaust system not only has an intake function, but also an exhaust function, such as... Figure 3 As shown. It should be noted that, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The intake system 103 and exhaust system 105 shown are for illustrative purposes only. A conventional intake system 103 and exhaust system 105, or an integrated intake and exhaust system with both intake and exhaust functions, can be used. These will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Furthermore, the towing member 200 includes a fixing member 201 and an anchor chain 202 connected to the fixing member 201. The fixing member 201 is fixed to the mud surface 401 below the sea surface 400, and the anchor chain 202 is connected to the hull. When the drag unit 100 is attached to the ship, the ship continues to travel. Because the fixing member 201 connected to the anchor chain 202 is fixed to the mud surface 401 below the sea surface 400, the anchor chain 202 of the towing member 200 generates a pulling force opposite to the direction of the ship's travel and applies it to the hull of the drag unit 100 to reduce the ship's speed until the ship's speed is reduced to a safe value.

[0045] Furthermore, to ensure the drag unit 100 has high strength and adheres more firmly to the ship, the ship's hull width is defined as W. When the drag unit 100 is in its initial state, the diameter of the cavity of the shell is D, and D is 0.2W to 0.5W. That is, the inner diameter of the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 is 0.2W to 0.5W, thereby ensuring a large adsorption area when the shell forms a suction cup-like structure. At the same time, the thickness of the first shell 101 is not less than 0.01D, and / or the thickness of the second shell 102 is 1cm to 2cm, to ensure sufficient strength of the drag unit 100, improve the service life of the drag unit 100, and make the drag unit reusable.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the first chamber 1011 of the drag unit 100 is in an inflated state, and the second chamber 1021 is in a water-filled state. When the sensor 301 of the pile foundation 300 detects a dangerous approach of a ship to the pile foundation, it sends a signal to the drag unit 100. At this time, when the air intake system 103, the exhaust system 105, and the drain valve 107 receive the opening signal, the exhaust system 105 and the drain valve 107 open, venting the gas from the first chamber 1011 into the second chamber 1021, and the water is discharged through the drain valve 107. The drag unit 100 floats until all the water in the second chamber 1021 is discharged and it is filled with gas, at which point the drain valve 107 closes. When the drag unit 100 approaches a ship, etc., When the obstructed object touches the surface, the suction system 103 is activated, drawing the gas from the second chamber 1021 into the first chamber 1011. At this time, the second chamber 1021 is evacuated and forms a suction cup-like structure, firmly adhering to the ship. The drag valve body 100 can then pull the ship using the anchor chain, reducing the ship's speed until it reaches a safe level. At this point, the liquid inlet valve 106 opens, allowing water to flow into the second chamber 1021 until it is full. The drag valve body 100 then sinks back to the seabed, ensuring normal passage for the ship.

[0047] This invention discloses a drag device for preventing ship collisions. The drag device body 100 can automatically sink and float according to signal control. When water is drawn in, the drag device body 100 is submerged, not affecting the normal navigation of the ship; when water is discharged, the drag device body 100 is floating. Simultaneously, when the suction system 103 is activated, the shell is evacuated to a vacuum state, causing the drag device body 100 to adhere to the ship and be fixed to the anchor chain 202. The tension of the anchor chain 202 applies a pulling force in the opposite direction to the moving ship, thereby reducing the ship's speed until it reaches a safe value. When the ship's speed decreases to a safe value, the drag device body 100 draws in water, sinks, and detaches from the ship. The drag device disclosed in this invention is reusable, has a simple structure, low cost, and does not affect the normal navigation of the ship.

[0048] This invention also discloses a collision avoidance system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a drag device and a sensor 301. The sensor 301 is mounted on the pile foundation 300 and is located above the sea surface at a depth of 400 meters. The sensor 301 is used to monitor the distance and speed of the vessel. The drag device is located within a safe area surrounding the pile foundation 300 and is located below the sea surface at a depth of 400 meters. This drag device is the type of drag device for preventing ship collisions disclosed in the above embodiments, and therefore possesses all the technical effects of the aforementioned drag devices for preventing ship collisions, which will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0049] The terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units may include steps or units not listed, but rather steps or units not listed.

[0050] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A drag device for preventing a ship from striking, characterized in that, The application relates to a resistance device body (100) which comprises a shell and an air suction system (103) arranged on the shell, and the shell comprises a first shell (101) and a second shell (102) connected with the first shell (101), the first shell (101) is made of rigid material, the second shell (102) is made of flexible material, when the resistance device body (100) is in an initial state, the shell is in a spherical structure, when a ship collides with the resistance device body (100), the air suction system (103) is used for sucking the cavity of the shell into a vacuum state to form a suction disc structure and is adsorbed on the ship; a partition plate (104) is arranged between the first shell (101) and the second shell (102), so that the cavity of the shell is divided into a first chamber (1011) located in the first shell (101) and a second chamber (1021) located in the second shell (102), the first chamber (1011) is a gas chamber, the second chamber (1021) is a liquid chamber, a liquid inlet and outlet system is arranged on the second shell (102) and is used for switching the resistance device body (100) between floating and sinking, the air suction system (103) is arranged on the partition plate (104) and communicates with the first chamber (1011) and the second chamber (1021) respectively; a traction member (200) is arranged on the shell and is arranged below a mud surface (401) of a sea surface (400), when the resistance device body (100) is adsorbed on the ship, the traction member (200) applies a pulling force opposite to the direction of movement of the ship to the resistance device body (100), so that the movement speed of the ship is reduced. The liquid inlet and outlet system comprises a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is arranged on the upper region of the second shell (102), the liquid outlet is arranged on the lower region of the second shell (102), the liquid inlet is provided with a liquid inlet valve (106), and the liquid outlet is provided with a liquid outlet valve (107). The resistance device body (100) further comprises an exhaust system (105) arranged on the partition plate (104) and communicating with the first chamber (1011) and the second chamber (1021) respectively.

2. The resistance device of claim 1, wherein The ship body width of the ship is W, when the resistance device body (100) is in the initial state, the diameter of the cavity of the shell is D, and D is 0.2W-0.5W.

3. The resistance device of claim 2, wherein, The thickness of the first shell (101) is not less than 0.01D; and / or, 4. The resistance device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the second shell (102) is 1cm-2cm.

5. The resistance device of claim 4, wherein, ​ ​ 6. The resistance device of claim 1, wherein, The traction member (200) comprises a fixing member (201) and an anchor chain (202) connected to the fixing member (201), the fixing member (201) is fixed to a mud surface (401) below a sea surface (400), and the anchor chain (202) is connected to the shell.

7. The resistance device of claim 1, wherein, The first shell (101) is made of steel; and / or, The second shell (102) is made of rubber.

8. The resistance unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The first shell (101) is coated with anticorrosive paint.

9. A collision avoidance system characterized by, Comprise: A resistance device is arranged in a safety area around the pile foundation (300) and below the sea surface (400), and the resistance device is the resistance device for preventing ship collision according to any one of claims 1-8; A sensor (301) is arranged on the pile foundation (300) and above the sea surface (400), and the sensor (301) is used for monitoring the distance and speed of the ship.

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