A resistance-increasing telescopic anti-tension-twist anchor

Abstract

The application discloses a resistance-increasing telescopic anti-tension-torsion anchor rod, and relates to the technical field of anchor rods, which comprises an anchor rod head, a rod body connected with the anchor rod head, an anti-tension-torsion sleeve ring sleeved outside the rod body, and a reduced-diameter sleeve sleeved outside the end of the rod body; the rod body is sleeved with a tension-resisting nut, and the tension-resisting nut is arranged in the reduced-diameter sleeve; a plurality of anti-tension-torsion sleeve rings are all threadedly connected with the rod body, the plurality of anti-tension-torsion sleeve rings are all arranged between the anchor rod head and the reduced-diameter sleeve, and the arrangement directions of at least two anti-tension-torsion sleeve rings are opposite; the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve changes in a reducing manner from the direction of the reduced-diameter sleeve to the anchor rod head, and the diameter of the smallest part of the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the tension-resisting nut; therefore, the arrangement mode can effectively provide anti-torsion resistance when the anchor rod is twisted in different directions of clockwise or counterclockwise, and the anti-tension effect can be realized by the reduced-diameter sleeve and the tension-resisting nut, that is, the problem of poor anti-tension and anti-torsion effect of the existing anchor rod is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of anchor bolts, and particularly to a resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile and torsion anchor bolt. Background Technology

[0002] Deep surrounding rock is characterized by high geothermal temperature, high confining pressure, large deformation, and strong time effects. It is easily broken by the disturbance caused by engineering construction and resource mining, which leads to large deformation and failure. This poses a serious threat to the normal construction of the project, the effective mining of resources, and the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, strengthening the effective support of deep surrounding rock is a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in deep engineering construction and mineral resource mining.

[0003] Rock bolts are a widely used support method in underground engineering. To address the high stress and large deformation problems in deep rock masses, rock bolts must not only provide effective support force but also generate significant axial deformation to coordinate with the large deformation of the surrounding rock. However, traditional threaded steel bar rock bolts, when used in deep rock masses, often fail due to insufficient elongation, easily breaking and causing adverse effects on the engineering structure, seriously affecting its stability and safety.

[0004] Therefore, in order to address the problem of large deformation in deep surrounding rock, it is urgent to develop an anchor bolt suitable for deep surrounding rock with stable resistance and large deformation performance, which can effectively coordinate with the deformation of surrounding rock, provide effective and stable support, meet the support requirements of deep surrounding rock, and solve the problem of poor tensile and torsional resistance of existing anchor bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a resistance-enhancing telescopic tensile-torsion anchor bolt to solve the problem of poor tensile and torsional resistance of existing anchor bolts.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a resistance-enhancing retractable tensile-torsion anchor bolt, comprising an anchor head, a rod body connected to the anchor head, tensile-torsion collars fitted over the rod body, and a reduced-diameter sleeve fitted over the end of the rod body; the rod body is fitted with an anti-pull-out nut, which is located inside the reduced-diameter sleeve; multiple tensile-torsion collars are threadedly connected to the rod body, and multiple tensile-torsion collars are located between the anchor head and the reduced-diameter sleeve, with at least two tensile-torsion collars having opposite orientations; from the reduced-diameter sleeve towards the anchor head, the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve decreases, and the diameter at the smallest point of the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the anti-pull-out nut.

[0007] In one embodiment, the tensile torsion collar includes a first tensile torsion collar and a second tensile torsion collar, wherein the first tensile torsion collar and the second tensile torsion collar are arranged in opposite directions, the first tensile torsion collar is disposed on one side of the rod, and a plurality of second tensile torsion collars are disposed on the other side of the rod.

[0008] In one embodiment, a plurality of the first tensile-torsion collars are disposed on the same side of the rod.

[0009] In one embodiment, the tensile torsion collar includes a first tensile torsion collar and a second tensile torsion collar, the first tensile torsion collar and the second tensile torsion collar are alternately disposed on the rod body, and the first tensile torsion collar and the second tensile torsion collar are disposed in opposite directions.

[0010] In one embodiment, the tensile-torsion collar includes a tube and blades, the tube being fitted over the rod body, and multiple blades being separately arranged around the periphery of the tube; for tensile-torsion collars with opposite orientations, the blades are arranged in opposite directions.

[0011] In one embodiment, the wing is conical.

[0012] In one embodiment, the width of multiple blades decreases along the same axial direction of the sleeve, and for the tensile-torsion collars with opposite orientations, the width of their blades decreases in opposite directions; the thickness of multiple blades decreases along the radial direction outward from the center of the sleeve; and the thickness of multiple blades decreases along the direction in which the width of the blades decreases.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reduced-diameter sleeve includes a first constant-diameter section and a first reduced-diameter section that are interconnected; the inner diameter of the first constant-diameter section is a constant value, and the anti-pull-out nut is provided at the connection between the first constant-diameter section and the first reduced-diameter section. The outer diameter of the anti-pull-out nut is the same as the inner diameter of the first constant-diameter section, and the anti-pull-out nut is threaded onto the rod body; the port of the first constant-diameter section is a sealed structure, and a compression post is provided inside the first constant-diameter section near its port. The compression post is threaded onto the end of the rod body, and a preload spring is compressed between the compression post and the anti-pull-out nut. The preload spring is sleeved onto the rod body; the inner diameter of the first reduced-diameter section narrows from the first constant-diameter section toward the anchor head.

[0014] In one embodiment, the pull-out nut includes a first pull-out nut and a second pull-out nut; the reduced-diameter sleeve includes a first constant-diameter section, a first reduced-diameter section, a second constant-diameter section, and a second reduced-diameter section that are sequentially connected to each other; the first pull-out nut is provided at the connection between the first constant-diameter section and the first reduced-diameter section; the inner diameter of the second constant-diameter section is a constant value, and the second pull-out nut is provided at the connection between the second constant-diameter section and the second reduced-diameter section, the outer diameter of the second pull-out nut being the same as the inner diameter of the second constant-diameter section; the inner diameter of the second reduced-diameter section narrows from the second constant-diameter section toward the anchor head.

[0015] In one embodiment, the port of the reduced-diameter sleeve is threaded with an anti-dive nut.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] Since multiple tensile-torsion collars are threadedly connected to the rod body, and multiple tensile-torsion collars are located between the anchor head and the reduced-diameter sleeve, and at least two tensile-torsion collars are arranged in opposite directions, this arrangement can ensure that the anchor rod can effectively provide torsional resistance when subjected to clockwise or counterclockwise torsion.

[0018] The pull-out nut is located inside the reduced-diameter sleeve, and the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve decreases from the reduced-diameter sleeve towards the anchor head. The diameter at the smallest point of the inner diameter of the reduced-diameter sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the pull-out nut. That is, when the anchor is subjected to a pull-out force, the rod inside the reduced-diameter sleeve moves outward relative to the reduced-diameter sleeve, thereby driving the pull-out nut to move towards the smallest diameter point of the reduced-diameter sleeve and abutting against it, thus preventing the rod from separating from the reduced-diameter sleeve and achieving the pull-out resistance effect.

[0019] In summary, by adopting the solution of the present invention, the problem of poor tensile and torsional resistance of existing anchor bolts can be effectively solved. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of Part A;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of part B;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of the tensile-torsion collar structure;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A side view schematic diagram of the tensile-torsion collar structure;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0030] 10. Anchor head; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Head rubber washer; 13. Spherical groove tray; 14. Preload nut;

[0031] 20. Rod;

[0032] 31. First tensile-torsion collar; 32. Second tensile-torsion collar; 33. Sleeve; 34. Blade;

[0033] 40. Reducing diameter sleeve; 411. First constant diameter section; 412. Second constant diameter section; 421. First reducing diameter section; 422. Second reducing diameter section;

[0034] 51. First pull-out nut; 52. Second pull-out nut;

[0035] 61. Extrusion column; 62. Preload spring; 631. First rubber washer; 632. Second rubber washer; 64. Anti-ingress nut. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This invention provides a resistance-enhancing telescopic tensile-torsion anchor bolt, the implementation of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes an anchor head 10, a rod body 20 connected to the anchor head 10, a tensile-torsion collar sleeved outside the rod body 20, and a reduced-diameter sleeve 40 sleeved outside the end of the rod body 20.

[0039] Regarding the anchor head 10, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anchor head 10 in this embodiment includes a connecting rod 11, a head rubber washer 12, a spherical groove tray 13, and a preload nut 14. The connecting rod 11 is integrally formed with the rod body 20. The connecting rod 11 passes through the head rubber washer 12 and the spherical groove tray 13 in sequence and is then threadedly connected to the preload nut 14. Therefore, when installing the anchor head 10, the head rubber washer 12 can be placed in the shallow part of the rock borehole where the anchor is located to block the grout and prevent the grout from overflowing. Then, the spherical groove tray 13 is placed in so that it abuts against the head rubber washer 12. Finally, the preload nut 14 is screwed in to press it tightly onto the spherical groove tray 13, thereby completing the overall installation of the anchor.

[0040] Regarding the aforementioned rod 20, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the rod 20 in this embodiment is a straight rod structure. One important function of the rod 20 is to realize the installation and fixation of the anti-tension and torsion collar. Another important function is to realize the connection with the reduced diameter sleeve 40 by using the anti-pull-out nut.

[0041] For example, in order to achieve the connection and fixation with the tensile torsion collar, this embodiment has an external thread on the outer peripheral wall of the rod 20 to connect with the tensile torsion collar using the external thread. At this time, the external thread can be continuously extended on the rod 20 so that the tensile torsion collar can choose the installation position more freely, or the external thread can be set only at certain preset positions on the rod 20 to restrict the tensile torsion collar to be installed at this position.

[0042] To achieve the connection between the rod body 20 and the reduced diameter sleeve 40, an anti-pull nut can be sleeved on the rod body 20, and the anti-pull nut is located inside the reduced diameter sleeve 40. In this embodiment, the anti-pull nut includes a first anti-pull nut 51 and a second anti-pull nut 52.

[0043] Regarding the aforementioned tensile-torsion collar, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anti-torsion collar of this embodiment includes a first anti-torsion collar 31 and a second anti-torsion collar 32. The first anti-torsion collar 31 is located on the upper side of the rod body 20, and the second anti-torsion collar 32 is located on the lower side of the rod body 20. The two have the same structure, but the difference is that their setting directions are opposite. Therefore, this arrangement can ensure that the anchor rod can effectively provide anti-torsion resistance when it is subjected to clockwise or counterclockwise torsion.

[0044] For example, the tensile-torsion collar of this embodiment includes a sleeve 33 and a wing 34. The sleeve 33 is sleeved on the outside of the rod 20, and the inner wall of the sleeve 33 is provided with an internal thread to facilitate threaded connection with the rod 20. Multiple wing 34 are arranged separately around the peripheral wall of the sleeve 33, and for tensile-torsion collars with opposite orientations, the orientations of the wing 34 are opposite.

[0045] It should be noted that the wing 34 is mainly used to achieve the effect of resisting tension and torsion, so any shape design that meets this requirement can be selected, while in this embodiment the wing 34 is set to a conical shape.

[0046] For example, in Figure 4 In the direction shown, the distance between the upper and lower sides of the wing 34 is its width. Along the same axial direction of the sleeve 33, the widths of multiple winglets 34 all decrease, resulting in the winglets 34 exhibiting a structure where one side is higher than the other in the illustrated direction; this structure is roughly triangular in shape. Therefore, as shown... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, for tensile torsion collars with opposite orientations, the width of their blades 34 decreases in opposite directions. For example, since the orientations of the first tensile torsion collar 31 and the second tensile torsion collar 32 are opposite, the blades 34 on the first tensile torsion collar 31 are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, while the blades 34 on the second tensile torsion collar 32 are narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0047] In addition, Figure 5 In the direction shown, the distance between the left and right sides of the wing 34 is its thickness, and in the radial direction outward from the center of the sleeve 33, the thickness of the multiple wing 34 all decreases, so that the part where the wing 34 is connected to the sleeve 33 has a larger thickness, while the part far away from the sleeve 33 has a smaller thickness.

[0048] Moreover from Figure 4 As can be seen from the direction shown, the thickness of multiple winglets 34 decreases along the direction in which the width of the winglet 34 decreases. For example, from left to right, the width and thickness of the winglet 34 gradually decrease, resulting in the left side of the winglet 34 having a larger width and thickness, while the right side has a smaller width and thickness.

[0049] Of course, the number of tensile torsion collars mentioned above is not unique. Especially when there are multiple tensile torsion collars, it is not required that the setting directions of each tensile torsion collar are opposite. It is only necessary to ensure that multiple tensile torsion collars are threadedly connected to the rod body 20, that multiple tensile torsion collars are set between the anchor head 10 and the reduced diameter sleeve 40, and that at least two tensile torsion collars are set in opposite directions.

[0050] The main principle of the reduced diameter sleeve 40 is to use its narrowed inner diameter to apply resistance to the pull-out nut, thereby optimizing the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod. For example, the inner diameter of the reduced diameter sleeve 40 can be set to decrease in the direction from the reduced diameter sleeve 40 to the anchor rod head 10, and the diameter at the smallest inner diameter of the reduced diameter sleeve 40 can be smaller than the diameter of the pull-out nut.

[0051] To achieve this objective, this embodiment employs... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the reduced-diameter sleeve 40 includes a first constant-diameter section 411 and a first reduced-diameter section 421 that are connected to each other. The inner diameter of the first constant-diameter section 411 is constant. An anti-pull-out nut is provided at the connection between the first constant-diameter section 411 and the first reduced-diameter section 421. The outer diameter of the anti-pull-out nut is the same as the inner diameter of the first constant-diameter section 411. The anti-pull-out nut is threaded onto the outside of the rod body 20. The port of the first constant-diameter section 411 is a sealed structure. An extrusion post 61 is provided inside the first constant-diameter section 411 near its port. The extrusion post 61 is threaded onto the end of the rod body 20. A preload spring 62 is compressed between the extrusion post 61 and the anti-pull-out nut. The preload spring 62 is sleeved on the outside of the rod body 20. The inner diameter of the first reduced-diameter section 421 narrows from the first constant-diameter section 411 toward the anchor head 10.

[0052] At this time, the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 411 is equal to the maximum inner diameter of the first reduced diameter section 421, and the inner diameter of the remaining parts of the first reduced diameter section 421 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 411. Among them, the pull-out nut set in the first constant diameter section 411 is the first pull-out nut 51. Therefore, when the anchor rod is subjected to a pull-out action, the rod 20 in the reduced diameter sleeve 40 moves outward relative to the reduced diameter sleeve 40, thereby driving the first pull-out nut 51 into the first reduced diameter section 421. Under the action of the first pull-out nut 51, the first reduced diameter section 421 is subjected to a squeezing and expansion action. During this process, a tensile resistance will be generated between the rod 20 and the reduced diameter sleeve 40.

[0053] Furthermore, to enhance the internal sealing of the reduced-diameter sleeve 40, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the rod body 20 is preferably also fitted with a first rubber washer 631 and a second rubber washer 632. The first rubber washer 631 is compressed between the first anti-pull-out nut 51 and the pre-tightening spring 62, and the second rubber washer 632 is compressed between the pre-tightening spring 62 and the compression column 61. That is, through the elastic contact between the first rubber washer 631, the second rubber washer 632 and the inside of the reduced diameter sleeve 40, a stronger sealing and protection effect is achieved.

[0054] Furthermore, the reduced-diameter sleeve 40 in this embodiment includes a first constant-diameter section 411, a first reduced-diameter section 421, a second constant-diameter section 412, and a second reduced-diameter section 422 that are sequentially connected to each other; a first anti-pull-out nut 51 is provided at the connection between the first constant-diameter section 411 and the first reduced-diameter section 421; the inner diameter of the second constant-diameter section 412 is a constant value, and a second anti-pull-out nut 52 is provided at the connection between the second constant-diameter section 412 and the second reduced-diameter section 422, the outer diameter of the second anti-pull-out nut 52 being consistent with the inner diameter of the second constant-diameter section 412; from the second constant-diameter section 412 toward the anchor head 10, the inner diameter of the second reduced-diameter section 422 narrows.

[0055] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 411 is equal to the maximum inner diameter of the first narrow diameter section 421, and the inner diameters of the remaining parts of the first narrow diameter section 421 are all smaller than the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 411. The minimum inner diameter of the first narrow diameter section 421 is equal to the inner diameter of the second constant diameter section 412, and the inner diameter of the second constant diameter section 412 is equal to the maximum inner diameter of the second narrow diameter section 422. The inner diameters of the remaining parts of the second narrow diameter section 422 are all smaller than the inner diameter of the second constant diameter section 412.

[0056] by Figure 3 The direction shown is for reference. After adopting this setting, once the rod 20 moves upward, the first anti-pull-out nut 51 will enter the first reduced diameter section 421, and the second anti-pull-out nut 52 will enter the second reduced diameter section 422, thereby simultaneously pushing the first reduced diameter section 421 and the second reduced diameter section 422 outward, thus achieving a better anti-pull-out effect.

[0057] In addition, if the anchor rod is not subjected to a pull-out force, not only will the first pull-out nut 51 not exert a radial force on the reduced diameter sleeve 40, but the second pull-out nut 52 will also not exert a radial force on the reduced diameter sleeve 40, thereby avoiding the continuous application of force to the reduced diameter sleeve 40 under unnecessary circumstances, which greatly improves the service life of the reduced diameter sleeve 40.

[0058] Furthermore, to achieve a seal at the end of the anchor bolt, such as Figure 3 As shown, the port of the reduced diameter sleeve 40 is threaded with an anti-entry nut 64. Therefore, when the anti-entry nut 64 is tightened with the thread inside the lower port of the reduced diameter sleeve 40, a sealing effect can be easily achieved, which can effectively prevent the grout from entering the reduced diameter sleeve 40 during the grouting process, thus protecting the sleeve structure and the anchor rod.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, the installation steps for anchor bolts are roughly as follows:

[0060] 1. Fit the reduced-diameter sleeve 40 onto the rod body 20;

[0061] 2. Extend the rod body 20 out of the reduced diameter sleeve 40, and then install the second anti-pull nut 52, the first anti-pull nut 51, the first rubber washer 631, the preload spring 62 and the second rubber washer 632 in sequence, and tighten the first anti-pull nut 51 and the second anti-pull nut 52 to the preset position.

[0062] 3. Secure the extrusion column 61 to the end of the rod 20 using threaded connections;

[0063] 4. Move the reduced diameter sleeve 40 until the first pull-out nut 51 abuts against the first reduced diameter section 421 and the second pull-out nut 52 abuts against the second reduced diameter section 422, that is, move the reduced diameter sleeve 40 to a state where it is difficult to move it further.

[0064] 5. Install the anti-ingress nut 64 into the reduced diameter sleeve 40;

[0065] 6. Install the second tensile torsion collar 32 and the first tensile torsion collar 31 onto the rod body 20 in sequence, and ensure that the second tensile torsion collar 32 and the first tensile torsion collar 31 are set in opposite directions;

[0066] 7. When drilling in rock mass, the hole diameter must be larger than the outer diameter of the anchor bolt, and the hole length must be larger than the overall length of the anchor bolt;

[0067] 8. with Figure 1 Using the indicated direction as a reference, slowly begin to lower the anchor bolt into the borehole.

[0068] 9. After evenly filling the borehole with grout, place the head rubber washer 12 into the shallow part of the rock borehole where the anchor rod is located to block the grout and prevent it from overflowing. Then, place the spherical groove tray 13 from the anchor tail so that it abuts against the head rubber washer 12. Finally, screw in the pre-tightening nut 14 to press it tightly onto the spherical groove tray 13, thereby completing the overall installation of the anchor rod.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] A second embodiment of the resistance-enhancing telescopic tensile-torsion anchor bolt, for example Figure 6 As shown, it is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the tensile torsion collar includes a first tensile torsion collar 31 and two second tensile torsion collars 32. The first tensile torsion collar 31 and the second tensile torsion collar 32 are arranged in opposite directions. The first tensile torsion collar 31 is arranged on the upper side of the rod 20, and the two second tensile torsion collars 32 are arranged on the lower side of the rod 20.

[0071] Of course, the number of second tensile torsion collars 32 is not limited to the above method. It is only necessary to ensure that the first tensile torsion collar 31 is located on one side of the rod 20 and multiple second tensile torsion collars 32 are located on the other side of the rod 20. For example, the rod 20 can be divided into upper and lower regions, one region is used to set the first tensile torsion collar 31 and the other region is used to set the second tensile torsion collar 32.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] A third embodiment of the resistance-enhancing telescopic tensile-torsion anchor bolt, for example Figure 7 As shown, it is basically the same as the second embodiment, except that there are two first tensile torsion collars 31 and two second tensile torsion collars 32. The two first tensile torsion collars 31 are located on the upper side of the rod body 20, and the two second tensile torsion collars 32 are located on the lower side of the rod body 20.

[0074] Of course, the number of the first tensile torsion collar 31 and the second tensile torsion collar 32 is not limited to the above method. It is only necessary to ensure that multiple first tensile torsion collars 31 are located on the same side of the rod body 20 and multiple second tensile torsion collars 32 are located on the other side of the rod body 20.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The fourth embodiment of the resistance-enhancing telescopic tensile-torsion anchor bolt, for example Figure 8 As shown, it is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the tensile torsion collar includes two first tensile torsion collars 31 and two second tensile torsion collars 32. The first tensile torsion collars 31 and the second tensile torsion collars 32 are alternately arranged on the rod body 20, and the first tensile torsion collars 31 and the second tensile torsion collars 32 are arranged in opposite directions.

[0077] Of course, the number of the first tensile torsion collar 31 and the second tensile torsion collar 32 is not limited to the above method, and the specific number can be set according to the requirements.

[0078] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt, characterized in that, It includes an anchor head, a rod body connected to the anchor head, a tensile-torsion collar sleeved outside the rod body, and a reduced-diameter sleeve sleeved outside the end of the rod body; The rod body is fitted with an anti-pull-out nut, which is located inside the reduced-diameter sleeve; Multiple tensile and torsion sleeves are threadedly connected to the rod body, and multiple tensile and torsion sleeves are disposed between the anchor head and the reduced diameter sleeve, with at least two tensile and torsion sleeves being disposed in opposite directions; From the reducing sleeve toward the anchor head, the inner diameter of the reducing sleeve decreases, and the diameter at the smallest point of the inner diameter of the reducing sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the pull-out nut.

2. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile and torsion anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile torsion collar includes a first tensile torsion collar and a second tensile torsion collar. The first tensile torsion collar and the second tensile torsion collar are arranged in opposite directions. The first tensile torsion collar is located on one side of the rod, and a plurality of second tensile torsion collars are located on the other side of the rod.

3. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile and torsion anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple first tensile-torsion collars are disposed on the same side of the rod.

4. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile-torsion collar includes a first tensile-torsion collar and a second tensile-torsion collar, which are alternately disposed on the rod body, and the first tensile-torsion collar and the second tensile-torsion collar are disposed in opposite directions.

5. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile-torsion collar includes a tube and winglets. The tube is fitted over the rod body, and multiple winglets are arranged separately around the peripheral wall of the tube. For the tensile-torsion collar with opposite orientations, the blades are arranged in opposite directions.

6. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wing is conical in shape.

7. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the same axial direction of the sleeve, the width of multiple blades decreases. For the tensile-torsion collar with opposite orientations, the width of its blades decreases in opposite directions. In the radial direction outward from the center of the sleeve, the thickness of each of the multiple blades decreases. The thickness of all the blades decreases in the direction in which the width of the blade decreases.

8. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The reduced-diameter sleeve includes a first constant-diameter section and a first reduced-diameter section that are connected to each other. The inner diameter of the first constant diameter section is a constant value. The anti-pull-out nut is provided at the connection between the first constant diameter section and the first reduced diameter section. The outer diameter of the anti-pull-out nut is the same as the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section. The anti-pull-out nut is threaded onto the outside of the rod. The port of the first constant diameter section is a sealed structure. A compression column is provided inside the first constant diameter section near its port. The compression column is threaded onto the end of the rod. A preload spring is compressed between the compression column and the anti-pull-out nut. The preload spring is sleeved on the outside of the rod. From the first constant diameter section toward the anchor head, the inner diameter of the first reduced diameter section narrows.

9. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pull-out nut includes a first pull-out nut and a second pull-out nut; The reduced diameter sleeve includes a first constant diameter section, a first reduced diameter section, a second constant diameter section, and a second reduced diameter section that are connected to each other in sequence. The first anti-pull-out nut is provided at the junction of the first constant diameter section and the first reduced diameter section; The inner diameter of the second constant diameter section is a constant value. The second anti-pull-out nut is provided at the junction of the second constant diameter section and the second reduced diameter section. The outer diameter of the second anti-pull-out nut is the same as the inner diameter of the second constant diameter section. From the second constant diameter section toward the anchor head, the inner diameter of the second reduced diameter section narrows.

10. The resistance-enhancing telescopic anti-tensile-torsion anchor bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The reduced-diameter sleeve has a threaded connection at its port to an anti-dive nut.

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