A multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional assembled hollow breakwater structure, which includes a plurality of embankment counterweight boxes, a plurality of upper pontoons of the same number as the embankment counterweight boxes, and an anchoring assembly. The top of each embankment counterweight box is connected to the upper pontoon, and the anchoring assembly is installed at the bottom of each embankment counterweight box. Each embankment counterweight box is fixed to the seabed through the anchoring assembly at the bottom. The main structure of the hollow breakwater of the present invention is an assembled structure. The top of each upper pontoon is provided with two wave breakers. The wave breakers are prefabricated fiberglass structures. The upper pontoon is provided with a snap-in groove. The wave breakers are mortise-and-tenoned with the upper pontoon through the snap-in groove, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the wave breakers. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention achieves a high assembly rate of water transport engineering structures. Water transport engineering structures have always had a low assembly rate. The hollow breakwater structure is convenient to construct, can be flexibly deployed, is easy to maintain in the later stage, and can be disassembled and replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breakwater structures, and in particular to an assembled hollow breakwater structure for a water transport engineering wharf. Background Art

[0002] Breakwater structure is a common engineering structure in docks, ports, and coasts. It can be used to prevent waves from invading docks and operating areas, maintain the stability of the waters within the protection area, and ensure the safety of ship docking, mooring, loading and unloading operations, marine engineering construction operations, marine aquaculture, offshore sports, etc.

[0003] Traditional breakwater structures are mainly solid breakwaters. The construction of solid breakwaters often involves the dumping of large amounts of sand, gravel or concrete. Their construction efficiency is low, the investment is large, the construction period is long, and it is difficult to repair after damage in the later stage. The functions of solid breakwaters are relatively simple, and they generally only have the function of blocking waves and protecting the port area.

[0004] Traditional solid breakwaters are constructed with either stone blocks, caissons, or other blocks. Due to limitations in embankment stability and settlement, poor geological conditions require additional foundation treatment before breakwater construction can begin. Deeper water depths or high winds and waves require a larger breakwater structure. Consequently, construction costs are sensitive to geological conditions, water depth, and wind and wave conditions. Structural types and cross-sections vary widely across projects with varying conditions, making standardized design and construction difficult. Furthermore, traditional solid breakwaters have low permeability, physically separating the waters after construction. This makes water exchange between the two sides of the structure difficult, significantly impacting the surrounding marine environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the defects of the existing technology and provide a method for controlling the water inlet of the embankment counterweight box by adjusting the valve, thereby controlling the sinking and floating of the entire hollow breakwater structure, and by evaluating the design waves and adjusting the valve accordingly so that the hollow breakwater structure can float in the water where the wave energy is relatively concentrated, when the waves hit the wave-breaking blades on the rotor of the hollow breakwater structure, the wave-breaking blades will drive the permanent magnet sleeve on the rotor to move around the stator to generate electricity, so that the wave energy is consumed to a great extent by the wave-breaking blades and most of its energy is converted into electrical energy and transmitted to the rear, thereby realizing the wave power generation function of the hollow breakwater structure and realizing The main structure of the hollow breakwater is assembled in an assembled manner, and the wave-breaking function of the hollow breakwater structure is realized. The hollow breakwater structure is highly applicable to seabed geological conditions, water depth conditions, and wave conditions. It adopts a fully assembled structure, with a short construction period and convenient later maintenance. When the components of the hollow breakwater structure are damaged, they can be directly disassembled and replaced. The hollow breakwater structure is anchored in the sea through anchoring components and can be deployed flexibly and conveniently. The hollow breakwater structure can be used as a breakwater to block waves for ships, and can also be used as a distributed marine power station to produce green electricity for people. Its hollow structure is relatively friendly to the marine environment of the surrounding sea areas.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional assembled hollow breakwater structure, including a hollow breakwater structure deployed on the sea surface near a port area for wave blocking and power generation, the hollow breakwater structure including a plurality of embankment counterweight boxes, a plurality of upper pontoons equal in number to the embankment counterweight boxes, and an anchoring assembly, the top of each embankment counterweight box is connected to the upper pontoon, the anchoring assembly is installed at the bottom of each embankment counterweight box, and each embankment counterweight box is fixed to the seabed through the anchoring assembly at the bottom, the embankment counterweight box includes a water tank, a vertical shaft, and a flange, the vertical shaft is connected to the water tank, the flange is installed at the top of the vertical shaft to realize the connection between the embankment counterweight box and the upper pontoon, a stator is attached to the outside of the vertical shaft, a valve is provided at the top of the vertical shaft, a rotor is provided on the outside of the stator, the rotor is sleeved on the vertical shaft and rotates around the stator, and a water inlet is provided at the bottom of the water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the water tank is a cylindrical steel structure with an internal cavity. The buoyancy generated when the water tank is empty is greater than the deadweight of the hollow breakwater structure excluding the anchoring assembly, which can ensure that when the water tank is empty, the entire hollow breakwater structure can float on the water surface.

[0009] Furthermore, two wave-breaking plates are provided on the top of each upper pontoon, and the two wave-breaking plates are fixed on both sides along the longitudinal direction of the top of the upper pontoon respectively. The wave-breaking plates are prefabricated fiberglass structures, and the upper pontoon is provided with a snap-in groove, and the wave-breaking plates are mortise-jointed with the upper pontoon through the snap-in groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a chain is provided between two adjacent upper pontoons, and a number of anchoring points are provided around each upper pontoon. The two adjacent upper pontoons are connected together in sequence through the chain and the anchoring points to form a breakwater structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical shaft is a hollow cylindrical steel structure, the top of the vertical shaft is closed, the valve is installed on the top of the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft is coaxially arranged with the water tank, the bottom of the vertical shaft is connected with the top of the water tank, and the vertical shaft and the water tank form a connected enclosed space. When the valve on the top of the vertical shaft is opened, seawater will flow in from the water inlet hole at the bottom of the water tank, and the draft of the hollow breakwater structure will become deeper; when the valve on the top of the vertical shaft is closed, the air pressure in the water tank cavity and the internal water pressure are balanced with the external water pressure, no water enters or exits the water inlet hole, and the hollow breakwater structure maintains a fixed draft.

[0012] Furthermore, the valve is configured for one-way ventilation. When the valve is closed, air can only be pumped in from the outside, and the internal gas cannot escape from the valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper pontoon is a closed structure, a hollow structure is provided in the middle of the upper pontoon, and the vertical axis of the embankment counterweight box passes through the hollow structure of the upper pontoon and is connected to the upper pontoon.

[0014] Furthermore, the stator is coaxially welded to the vertical axis, a wire hole is provided at the bottom of the water tank, a coil winding is provided inside the stator, the output circuit of the coil winding is built into the water tank and is fully sealed and waterproofed, and the output end of the coil winding is connected to the cable under the seabed through the wire hole at the bottom of the water tank. The rotor includes a permanent magnet sleeve and a plurality of wave-breaking blades, and the plurality of wave-breaking blades are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the permanent magnet sleeve. The permanent magnet sleeve is coaxial with the stator and is sleeved on the outside of the stator. The height of the wave-breaking blades is the same as the height of the permanent magnet sleeve and the stator.

[0015] Furthermore, the anchor assembly includes an anchor chain and an anchor body, one end of the anchor chain is connected to the bottom of the embankment counterweight box, the other end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor body, and a buffer is installed on the anchor chain.

[0016] Furthermore, the anchoring body includes a ship anchor, a ground anchor, and an anchor pile. Depending on different geological conditions, the anchoring body of the anchoring assembly can be a ship anchor, a ground anchor prefabricated in the seabed, or an anchor pile installed by piling on the seabed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention includes a plurality of embankment counterweight boxes, a plurality of upper pontoons of the same number as the embankment counterweight boxes, and an anchor assembly. The top of each embankment counterweight box is connected to the upper pontoon, and the anchor assembly is installed at the bottom of each embankment counterweight box. Each embankment counterweight box is fixed to the seabed through the anchor assembly at the bottom. The main structure of the hollow breakwater of the present invention is an assembled structure. The upper pontoons above the main structure can be directly prefabricated and preassembled in the factory. Then the embankment counterweight box is connected to the upper pontoons. The bottom of the main structure is fixed to the seabed through the anchor assembly at the bottom of the embankment counterweight box. Two wave breakers are provided on the top of each upper pontoon. The wave breakers are prefabricated fiberglass structures. The upper pontoons are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves. The wave breakers are mortise-and-tenon connected to the upper pontoons through the snap-fit ​​grooves, which facilitates the removal and replacement of the wave breakers. The present invention's permeable breakwater structure achieves a high assembly rate for water transport engineering structures, which typically have a low assembly rate. The permeable breakwater structure is easy to construct, can be deployed flexibly, and is easily maintained and removable. When components within the permeable breakwater structure become damaged or fail, they can be repaired by, for example, replacing old components with new ones. The present invention's permeable breakwater structure utilizes fully assembled installation and component-replaceable maintenance, a feature difficult to achieve with traditional breakwaters.

[0019] (2) The levee counterweight box of the present invention includes a water tank, a vertical shaft, and a flange. The vertical shaft is connected to the water tank, and the flange is installed on the top of the vertical shaft. A stator is attached to the outside of the vertical shaft. A valve is provided on the top of the vertical shaft. A rotor is provided on the outside of the stator. The rotor is sleeved on the vertical shaft and rotates around the stator. A water inlet is provided at the bottom of the water tank. The rotor includes a permanent magnet sleeve and a plurality of wave-blocking blades. The plurality of wave-blocking blades are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the permanent magnet sleeve. The permanent magnet sleeve is coaxial with the stator and sleeved on the outside of the stator. The height of the wave-blocking blades is the same as that of the permanent magnet sleeve and the stator. The water tank is a cylindrical steel structure with an internal cavity. The buoyancy generated when the water tank is empty is greater than that of the anchor. The deadweight of the entire hollow breakwater structure outside the anchor assembly can ensure that the entire hollow breakwater structure can float on the water surface when the water tank is emptied. The vertical axis is a hollow cylindrical steel structure. The top of the vertical axis is closed, and the valve is installed on the top of the vertical axis. The vertical axis and the water tank are coaxially arranged, and the bottom of the vertical axis is connected to the top of the water tank. The vertical axis and the water tank form a connected enclosed space. When the valve on the top of the vertical axis is opened, seawater will flow in from the water inlet at the bottom of the water tank, and the draft of the hollow breakwater structure will become deeper; when the valve on the top of the vertical axis is closed, the air pressure in the water tank cavity and the internal water pressure are balanced with the external water pressure, and there is no water entering or exiting the water inlet, and the hollow breakwater structure maintains a fixed draft. The valve of the present invention is configured for one-way ventilation. When the valve is closed, air can only be pumped in from the outside, and the internal gas cannot escape from the valve. When the valve is pressurized by an air pump, the water in the water tank is squeezed out of the box by the air pressure because the interior of the water tank is a closed space, which can control the draft of the breakwater structure to become shallower. The present invention controls the floating or suspended position of the breakwater structure in the water by adjusting the ballast water in the counterweight tank of the breakwater body, thereby adjusting the wave-blocking blades of the breakwater structure to the area where wave energy is most concentrated, thereby achieving the best energy dissipation effect. At the same time, it also achieves the highest efficiency of power generation for the open breakwater structure. The present invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the breakwater body position to achieve the best wave-blocking and energy dissipation effects.

[0020] (3) The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention is provided with a water inlet hole at the bottom of the water tank of the embankment counterweight box, and a valve is left in the middle of the top of the vertical axis of the embankment. By adjusting the valve, the water inflow of the embankment counterweight box can be controlled, thereby controlling the sinking and floating of the entire hollow breakwater. In engineering applications, the hollow breakwater structure can be evaluated based on the design waves and the valve is adjusted accordingly so that the hollow breakwater can float in the water where the wave energy is more concentrated. When the waves hit the wave-blocking blades on the rotor of the hollow breakwater structure, the wave-blocking blades will drive the permanent magnet sleeve on the rotor to move around the stator to generate electricity. At this time, the wave energy is consumed to a great extent by the wave-blocking blades, and most of its energy is converted into electrical energy and transmitted to the rear. The present invention realizes the wave-breaking function of the main structure of the breakwater and the wave power generation function at the same time. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention not only has the wave-blocking function of a traditional breakwater, but also has the function of wave power generation. By cleverly arranging the stator and rotor structures within the embankment structure, the hollow breakwater structure can convert wave energy into electrical energy while blocking waves and dissipating energy, and can maximize the use of wave energy for power generation. It is an organic and innovative combination of hydraulic structures and green electricity production equipment.

[0021] (4) The anchor assembly of the present invention includes an anchor chain and an anchor body. One end of the anchor chain is connected to the bottom of the embankment counterweight box, and the other end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor body. A buffer is installed on the anchor chain. The anchor body provided by the present invention includes a ship anchor, a ground anchor, and an anchor pile. Depending on different geological conditions, the anchor body of the anchor assembly can be a ship anchor, a ground anchor prefabricated in the seabed, or an anchor pile installed by piling on the seabed. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention is highly adaptable to engineering geological conditions, and different geological conditions have little impact on its implementation plan. When used in different engineering areas, the upper pontoon structure of the structure is relatively small, with only the anchor assembly being different. In silt and other soft geological conditions, the corresponding anchor body is a ship anchor or other anchor body buried below the mud surface; in hard bedrock geology, the corresponding anchor body is a prefabricated anchor block cast on the bedrock surface. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention does not require additional foundation treatment for different geological conditions and is highly adaptable to various geological conditions. It is also highly adaptable to engineering water depth conditions, and different water depth conditions have little impact on its implementation plan. Only the anchor chain length of the anchor assembly varies. Its construction cost is not sensitive to water depth conditions, unlike traditional breakwater structures, where the cost and construction difficulty increase sharply with the increase of engineering water depth.

[0022] (5) The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention is highly adaptable to engineering wave conditions. Different design wave conditions have little impact on its implementation plan. In response to different design wave requirements, the present invention can adjust the levee's buoyancy by adjusting the ballast water in the levee's counterweight tank, and accordingly match the height of the levee's counterweight tank and rotor, so that the wave-breaking blades can cover the area where wave energy is concentrated, thereby adapting to different design wave conditions. Its construction cost is not very sensitive to wave conditions, avoiding the situation where the cost and construction difficulty of traditional breakwater structures increase sharply with the increase of engineering design waves.

[0023] (6) The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention has a wide range of applications. It is easy to install and dismantle and can be deployed in most sea areas. It can be deployed as a permanent facility or a temporary facility. It can be used as a breakwater or a distributed wave power generation device. Compared with traditional solid breakwaters or wave energy generators, it has more comprehensive benefits.

[0024] (7) The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention is anchored in the sea by an anchoring assembly and can be deployed very conveniently. It can be used as a breakwater to block waves for ships, and can also be used as a distributed marine power station to produce green electricity for people. Its hollow structure not only realizes the function of the breakwater to block waves and dissipate energy, but also maintains the free exchange of water energy on both sides of the breakwater body. It is more friendly to the marine environment of the surrounding sea area and has less impact on the marine environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow breakwater structure of the present invention deployed on the sea surface;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the levee counterweight box and the upper pontoon of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the embankment counterweight box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the embankment counterweight box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper buoyancy box of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transverse section of the upper buoyancy box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stator of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: the embankment counterweight box 1, the water tank 11, the water inlet 111, the flange 12, the vertical shaft 13, the valve 131, the stator 14, the rotor 15, the permanent magnet sleeve 151, a plurality of wave-breaking blades 152, the enclosed space 16, the upper buoyancy box 2, the wave-breaking board 21, the chain 22, the anchor point 23, the anchor assembly 3, the anchor chain 31, the anchor body 32, and the buffer 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification and illustrate the principles of the present invention through examples. Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from this detailed description. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar parts are represented by the same reference numerals in different figures.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a multifunctional assembled hollow breakwater structure, including a hollow breakwater structure deployed on the sea surface near the port area for wave blocking and power generation. The hollow breakwater structure includes a number of embankment counterweight boxes 1, a number of upper pontoons 2 equal to the number of embankment counterweight boxes 1, and an anchoring assembly 3. The top of each embankment counterweight box 1 is connected to the upper pontoon 2, and the anchoring assembly 3 is installed at the bottom of each embankment counterweight box 1. Each embankment counterweight box 1 is fixed to the seabed through the anchoring assembly 3 at the bottom. The main structure of the hollow breakwater of the present invention is an assembled structure. The upper pontoon 2 above the hollow breakwater structure can be directly prefabricated and pre-assembled in the factory. The assembled upper pontoon 2 is then connected to the embankment counterweight box 1. The bottom of the hollow breakwater structure is fixed to the seabed by an anchor assembly 3. Two wave breakers 21 are provided on the top of each upper pontoon 2. The wave breakers 21 are prefabricated fiberglass structures. The upper pontoon 2 is provided with a snap-in groove. The wave breakers 21 are mortise-and-tenoned with the upper pontoon 2 through the snap-in groove, which facilitates the removal and replacement of the wave breakers 21. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention achieves a high assembly rate for water transport engineering structures. Water transport engineering structures have always had a low assembly rate. The hollow breakwater structure is easy to construct, can be deployed flexibly, is easy to maintain in the later stage, and can be disassembled and replaced. When the components inside the hollow breakwater structure are damaged or fail, for example, maintenance can be completed by replacing the old with the new. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention adopts a fully assembled installation and a later maintenance method with replaceable components, which is difficult to achieve with traditional breakwaters. In specific implementation, the embankment counterweight box 1 of the present invention is a cavity structure, and two wave breakers 21 are provided on the top of each upper pontoon 2. The two wave breakers 21 are fixed along the longitudinal sides of the top of the upper pontoon 2. The wave breakers 21 are prefabricated fiberglass structures, and the upper pontoon 2 is provided with a snap-in groove. The wave breakers 21 are mortise-and-tenoned with the upper pontoon 2 through the snap-in groove. The wave breakers 21 are convenient for disassembly and replacement, and the top of the wave breakers 21 is higher than the height of the waves.

[0035] In the present invention, an external thread is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the vertical shaft 13, and an internal thread is provided on the flange 12. The top of the vertical shaft 13 is connected to the flange 12 through threads. The vertical shaft 13 is a steel structure and is painted with anti-corrosion paint.

[0036] When the embodiment of the present invention is specifically implemented, the embankment counterweight box 1 of the present invention includes a water tank 11, a vertical shaft 13, and a flange 12. The vertical shaft 13 is connected to the water tank 11, and the flange 12 is installed on the top of the vertical shaft 13 to realize the connection between the embankment counterweight box 1 and the upper pontoon 2. The stator 14 is attached to the outside of the vertical shaft 13, and a valve 131 is provided on the top of the vertical shaft 13. The water tank 11, the vertical shaft 13, the flange 12, and the stator 14 constitute a cavity-type embankment counterweight box 1. The outside of the stator 14 is provided with a rotor 15, and the rotor 15 is sleeved on the vertical shaft 13 and rotates around the stator 14. When specifically implemented, the stator 14 of the present invention is attached to the vertical shaft 13, and the stator 14 is coaxially welded with the vertical shaft 13. Then, a wire hole is provided at the bottom of the water tank 11, and a coil winding is provided inside the stator 14. The output circuit of the coil winding is built into the water tank 11 and fully sealed and waterproofed. The output end of the coil winding is connected to the cable under the seabed through the wire hole at the bottom of the water tank 11, and is finally connected to the grid on land. The rotor 15 includes a permanent magnet sleeve 151 and a plurality of wave-blocking blades 152. The plurality of wave-blocking blades 152 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the permanent magnet sleeve 151. The permanent magnet sleeve 151 is coaxial with the stator 14 and is sleeved outside the stator 14. The height of the wave-blocking blades 152 is the same as that of the permanent magnet sleeve and the stator 14. A water inlet 111 is provided at the bottom of the water tank 11. The water tank 11 is configured as a cylindrical steel structure with an internal cavity. The buoyancy generated when the water tank 11 is empty is greater than the deadweight of the hollow breakwater structure excluding the anchor assembly 3, which can ensure that when the water tank 11 is empty, the entire hollow breakwater structure can float on the water surface. The vertical shaft 13 is a hollow cylindrical steel structure with a closed top. A valve 131 is installed on the top of the vertical shaft 13. The vertical shaft 13 is coaxially arranged with the water tank 11. The bottom of the vertical shaft 13 is connected to the top of the water tank 11. The vertical shaft 13 and the water tank 11 form a connected enclosed space 16. When the valve 131 on the top of the vertical shaft 13 is opened, seawater will flow in from the water inlet 111 at the bottom of the water tank 11, and the draft of the hollow breakwater structure will become deeper. When the valve 131 on the top of the vertical shaft 13 is closed, the air pressure and internal water pressure in the cavity of the water tank 11 are balanced with the external water pressure. No water enters or exits the water inlet 111, and the hollow breakwater structure maintains a fixed draft. The present invention sets the valve 131 as a one-way ventilation. When the valve 131 is closed, only external pressure can be applied to inflate the interior, and the internal gas cannot escape through the valve 131. When the air pump is used to pressurize the air valve 131, since the interior of the water tank 11 is a closed space 16, the water in the water tank 11 is squeezed out of the tank by the air pressure, which can control the draft of the breakwater structure to become shallower.In engineering applications, the hollow breakwater structure of the present invention evaluates the design waves and adjusts the valve 131 accordingly so that the hollow breakwater can float at a position where the wave energy is more concentrated in the water. When the waves hit the wave-breaking blades 152 on the rotor 15 of the hollow breakwater structure, the wave-breaking blades 152 will drive the permanent magnet sleeve 151 on the rotor 15 to move around the stator 14 to generate electricity. At this time, the wave energy is consumed to a great extent by the wave-breaking blades 152, and most of its energy is converted into electrical energy and transmitted to the rear. By adjusting the ballast water in the embankment counterweight box 1 to control the floating or suspended position of the breakwater structure in the water, the wave-breaking blades 152 of the hollow breakwater structure are adjusted to the area where the wave energy is most concentrated, thereby achieving the best energy dissipation effect, and at the same time realizing the highest efficiency of power generation of the hollow breakwater structure. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention not only has the wave-breaking function of the traditional breakwater, but also has the function of wave power generation. By cleverly arranging the stator 14 and the rotor 15 structure in the embankment structure, the hollow breakwater structure can convert wave energy into electrical energy while blocking waves and dissipating energy, and can maximize the use of wave energy for power generation. It is an organic and innovative combination of hydraulic structures and green electricity production equipment.

[0037] In specific implementation, the main frame of the permanent magnet sleeve 151 of the present invention is a steel body, and permanent magnets are arranged in an orderly manner inside the permanent magnet sleeve 151. The outer periphery of the permanent magnet sleeve 151 is provided with a number of slots equal to the number of wave-breaking blades 152. The wave-breaking blades 152 are prefabricated fiberglass structures. The roots of the wave-breaking blades 152 are mortise and tenoned with the slots of the permanent magnet sleeve. The provision of the slots facilitates the mortise and tenoning with the roots of the wave-breaking blades 152, and the wave-breaking blades 152 can be disassembled and replaced.

[0038] The present invention provides a chain 22 between two adjacent upper pontoons 2, and each upper pontoon 2 is provided with a plurality of anchoring points 23 around the pontoon. The two adjacent upper pontoons 2 are connected together in sequence through the chain 22 and the anchoring point 23 to form a breakwater structure. The anchoring point 23 and the chain 22 are both steel structures and are painted with anti-corrosion paint. The upper pontoon 2 is a closed structure, and a hollow structure is provided in the middle interior of the upper pontoon 2. The vertical axis 13 of the embankment counterweight box 1 passes through the hollow structure of the upper pontoon 2 and is connected to the upper pontoon 2. Anchor bolt holes are welded around the hollow structure on the top surface of the upper pontoon 2. The upper pontoon 2 is connected to the bolts on the flange 12 at the top of the vertical axis 13 through the anchor bolt holes. The upper pontoon 2 is a rectangular structure, a steel structure, and is painted with anti-corrosion paint.

[0039] In practice, the anchor assembly 3 of the present invention comprises an anchor chain 31 and an anchor body 32. One end of the anchor chain 31 is connected to the bottom of the embankment counterweight box 1, and the other end is connected to the anchor body 32. A buffer 33 is mounted on the anchor chain 31. The anchor body 32 can be a ship anchor or other anchoring structure buried beneath the seabed. Under the design wind and wave conditions, the anchor assembly 3 must meet the pulling requirements of the superstructure and avoid anchor drag or chain breakage. An energy-absorbing buffer 33 is mounted on the anchor chain 31. This buffer absorbs the tension effect on the anchor chain 31, thereby mitigating the impact of the anchor chain 31 on the anchor body 32. The anchor chain 31 of the present invention is composed of steel rings, the length of which should match the project water depth and ensure that the length of the anchor chain 31 meets the anchoring stability requirements. According to different geological conditions, the anchor body 32 of the anchor assembly 3 can be a ship anchor, or a prefabricated anchor buried in the seabed, or an anchor pile set up by piling on the seabed. After the construction of the anchor body 32 is completed, the anchor chain 31 and the buffer 33 are connected in series. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention has strong adaptability to engineering geological conditions, and different geological conditions have little impact on its implementation plan. When used in different engineering areas, the upper buoyancy box 2 structure on its upper part is slightly different, and only the anchor assembly 3 is different. In silt and other soft geology, the corresponding anchor body 32 is a ship anchor or other anchor body 32 buried below the mud surface; in hard bedrock geology, the corresponding anchor body 32 is a prefabricated anchor block thrown on the bedrock surface; the hollow breakwater structure of the present invention does not require additional foundation treatment for different geological conditions, and has strong adaptability to various types of geology. The present invention has strong adaptability to project water depth conditions, and different water depth conditions have little impact on its implementation plan. Only the length of the anchor chain 31 of the anchor assembly 3 varies. Its construction cost is not sensitive to water depth conditions. Unlike traditional breakwater structures, the cost and construction difficulty increase sharply with the increase of project water depth. The open-type breakwater structure of the present invention is anchored in the sea by the anchor assembly 3 and can be deployed flexibly and conveniently. It can be used as a breakwater to block waves for ships and as a distributed marine power station to produce green electricity for people. Its open-type structure not only realizes the breakwater's wave-blocking and energy-dissipating functions, but also maintains the free exchange of water energy on both sides of the breakwater, which is more friendly to the surrounding marine environment and has less impact on the marine environment.

[0040] The working principle and installation process of the air-permeable breakwater structure of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] The present invention adjusts the draft depth of the embankment counterweight box 1 so that the embankment counterweight box 1 and the wave-breaking blades 152 are located in the area where wave energy is most concentrated. When waves act on the wave-breaking blades 152, the wave-breaking blades 152 drive the permanent magnet sleeve to move around the stator 14 to cut the magnetic lines of force, thereby generating electricity and transmitting it to the rear of the land. In this process, the kinetic energy of the waves will be consumed and converted into electrical energy. After the waves pass through the breakwater, the force will be greatly weakened, and the impact on buildings or ships in the breakwater protection area will be small. The hollow breakwater structure of the present invention realizes the breakwater wave energy power generation and breakwater wave blocking functions.

[0042] The installation process of the hollow breakwater structure of the present invention is divided into two parts:

[0043] The first part is the implementation of the seabed anchor assembly 3, which mainly includes the setting of the anchor body 32, the installation of the anchor chain 31 and the buffer 33. The second part is the prefabrication and assembly of the upper structure of the open breakwater structure, which mainly includes the prefabrication and assembly of the various components of the embankment counterweight box 1 and the upper pontoon 2.

[0044] Depending on the geological conditions, the anchor body 32 of the anchor assembly 3 can be a ship anchor, a prefabricated ground anchor embedded in the seabed, or piles driven into the seabed. After the anchor body 32 is constructed, the anchor chain 31 and the buffer 33 are connected in series. Simultaneously with the construction of the anchor assembly 3, components such as the embankment counterweight box 1, the upper pontoon 2, and the rotor 15 are prefabricated and assembled in the factory. After the upper structure is prefabricated and assembled, it is transported to the project site and connected to the anchor assembly 3 and the upper pontoon 2. This completes the installation of the single hollow breakwater structure. Underwater, the coil winding output end of each hollow breakwater structure stator 14 is connected to the submarine line and grid. Above water, the adjacent upper pontoons 2 are connected together through chains 22. The entire breakwater structure is then installed. After installation, the draft of the embankment counterweight tank 1 needs to be adjusted. According to the water depth conditions and the design wave height, the area where wave energy is concentrated can be calculated. The draft of the embankment counterweight tank 1 can then be reasonably designed so that the wave-breaking blades 152 are located in the wave energy concentration area. During on-site commissioning, the valve 131 at the top of the vertical shaft 13 can be opened. At this point, the air in the embankment counterweight tank 1 is connected to the atmosphere. Under the action of water pressure, seawater enters the embankment counterweight tank 1 from the water inlet 111. When the embankment counterweight tank 1 reaches the design draft, the valve 131 is closed. At this point, the installation and commissioning of the hollow breakwater structure is completed.

[0045] The above description has been a detailed description of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present application. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present application should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a hollow breakwater structure deployed on the sea surface near the port area for wave blocking and power generation, wherein the hollow breakwater structure comprises a plurality of embankment counterweight boxes, a plurality of upper pontoons of the same number as the embankment counterweight boxes, and an anchoring assembly. The top of each embankment counterweight box is connected to the upper pontoon, and the anchoring assembly is installed at the bottom of each embankment counterweight box. Each embankment counterweight box is fixed to the seabed through the anchoring assembly at the bottom. The embankment counterweight box comprises a water tank, a vertical shaft, and a flange. The vertical shaft is connected to the water tank, and the flange is installed at the top of the vertical shaft to realize the connection between the embankment counterweight box and the upper pontoon. A stator is attached to the outside of the vertical shaft, and a valve is provided on the top of the vertical shaft. The outside of the stator is provided with a valve. There is a rotor, which is sleeved on the vertical shaft and rotates around the stator. A water inlet is provided at the bottom of the water tank. The vertical shaft is a hollow cylindrical steel structure. The top of the vertical shaft is closed. The valve is installed on the top of the vertical shaft. The vertical shaft is coaxially arranged with the water tank. The bottom of the vertical shaft is connected with the top of the water tank. The vertical shaft and the water tank form a connected enclosed space. When the valve on the top of the vertical shaft is opened, seawater will flow in from the water inlet at the bottom of the water tank, and the draft of the hollow breakwater structure becomes deeper; when the valve on the top of the vertical shaft is closed, the air pressure in the water tank cavity and the internal water pressure are balanced with the external water pressure, no water enters or exits the water inlet, and the hollow breakwater structure maintains a fixed draft.

2. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water tank is a cylindrical steel structure with an internal cavity. The buoyancy generated when the water tank is empty is greater than the deadweight of the entire hollow breakwater structure except the anchor assembly.

3. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two wave-breaking plates are provided on the top of each upper pontoon, and the two wave-breaking plates are fixed on both sides along the longitudinal direction of the top of the upper pontoon. The wave-breaking plates are prefabricated fiberglass structures. The upper pontoon is provided with a snap-in groove, and the wave-breaking plates are mortise-and-tenoned with the upper pontoon through the snap-in groove.

4. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A chain is provided between two adjacent upper pontoons, and a number of anchoring points are provided around each upper pontoon. The two adjacent upper pontoons are connected together in sequence through the chain and the anchoring points to form a breakwater structure.

5. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The valve is set to one-way ventilation. When the valve is closed, air can only be pumped in from the outside, and the internal gas cannot escape from the valve.

6. The multifunctional assembled hollow breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hollow structure is provided in the middle of the upper pontoon, and the vertical axis of the embankment counterweight box passes through the hollow structure of the upper pontoon and is connected with the upper pontoon.

7. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The stator is coaxially welded to the vertical axis, a wire hole is provided at the bottom of the water tank, a coil winding is provided inside the stator, the output circuit of the coil winding is built into the water tank and is fully sealed and waterproofed, the output end of the coil winding is connected to the cable under the seabed through the wire hole at the bottom of the water tank, the rotor includes a permanent magnet sleeve and a plurality of wave-breaking blades, the plurality of wave-breaking blades are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the permanent magnet sleeve, the permanent magnet sleeve is coaxial with the stator and is sleeved on the outside of the stator, and the height of the wave-breaking blades is the same as that of the permanent magnet sleeve and the stator.

8. The multifunctional assembled permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor assembly includes an anchor chain and an anchor body. One end of the anchor chain is connected to the bottom of the embankment counterweight box, and the other end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor body. A buffer is installed on the anchor chain.

9. The multifunctional assembled hollow breakwater structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The anchoring body includes a ship anchor, a ground anchor and an anchor pile.

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