A coal gangue leaching experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal gangue leaching experimental device and experimental method, the device includes a spraying device, a collecting device and a control device; the spraying device includes a water tank, a leaching nozzle and a frosted filter cartridge; the collecting device includes a liquid storage bag and an air collection bag; the control device includes a water head sensor and a water stop valve; the water tank and the peristaltic pump are connected by a silicone hose, one end of the silicone hose is connected to the water inlet at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge, and the other end is connected to the leaching nozzle; the water outlet of the frosted filter cartridge is connected to the liquid storage bag; the air collection bag is connected to the filter cartridge via a silicone hose; the leaching experimental method using this device includes the steps of sample and device pre-preparation, sample filling, sample infiltration, sample leaching and subsequent work. The device of the present invention solves the problems of poor permeability of fine particles and the generation of preferential flow; the present invention does not require the customized frame and manual supervision of traditional experimental devices, which greatly saves laboratory space and experimental costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal gangue leaching experiments, and in particular relates to a coal gangue leaching experimental device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] Coal mining and extraction produce large amounts of gangue. This waste product is often dumped in open-air piles near coal mines. Continuous erosion and leaching by precipitation can pollute groundwater, surface water, and soil, endangering human health and the survival of other plants and animals. Therefore, the composition of gangue leachate has become a key indicator for assessing the mine environment.

[0003] Gangue leachate is usually obtained through indoor simulation tests; however, the existing technology for obtaining leachate is to grind and sieve the gangue and then spray it directly on the gangue column; although this method can obtain leachate relatively quickly and conveniently, the interior of the gangue column is dry and has gaps in the initial leaching stage, and the inner wall of the leaching tube is smooth, which easily leads to the formation of preferential flow, and when the sample is infiltrated from top to bottom, it will cause the sample to float and stratify, especially when the experimental sample is uniform fine particles at the micron level, it will form water barriers and produce wall flow; the above problems will lead to huge errors in the leachate composition of the comparative experiment; in addition, the existing gangue leaching experimental device requires the test site to have a stepped table, water tank, frosted filter cartridge and liquid collection device, which need to be placed in layers, and the experimental personnel need to track the entire process, which wastes manpower and material resources.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a coal gangue leaching experimental device and experimental method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a coal gangue leaching experimental device and experimental method, which adopts a saturated water leaching method to avoid the formation of preferential flow inside the coal gangue, and reduces the occurrence of wall flow by increasing the inner wall friction, thereby ensuring the quality of the leaching liquid.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A coal gangue leaching experimental device includes a platform, and a spraying device, a collecting device and a control device arranged above the platform; the spraying device includes a water tank, a peristaltic pump, a leaching nozzle and a frosted filter cartridge; the collecting device includes a liquid storage bag and an air collection bag; the control device includes a water head sensor, a water stop valve and an alarm; the water stop valve includes water stop valve I, water stop valve II and water stop valve III; a sealing cover is connected to the top of the frosted filter cartridge through a buckle seal, and a one-way air inlet is opened above the sealing cover to keep the air pressure inside the filter cartridge stable during leaching; the water tank is connected to the water inlet of the peristaltic pump through a silicone hose, and the water outlet of the peristaltic pump is provided with a tee pipe, one water outlet end of the tee pipe is connected to the water stop valve I, flow meter I and the water inlet at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge in sequence through the silicone hose, and the other water outlet end is connected to the water stop valve III and flow meter III in sequence through the silicone hose. Connect, and pass through the sealing cover to connect with the leaching nozzle, the leaching nozzle is fixed on the upper part of the inside of the frosted filter cartridge; the water outlet at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge is connected to the water stop valve II, flow meter II and liquid storage bag in sequence through a silicone hose, the air collection bag is connected to the frosted filter cartridge through a silicone hose, and an air stop valve is provided on the silicone hose between the air collection bag and the frosted filter cartridge;

[0008] The water head sensor includes water head sensor I and water head sensor II. Water head sensor I is electrically connected to water stop valve I and water stop valve III. Water head sensor II is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump and the alarm. The peristaltic pump transports the experimental liquid from the bottom to the frosted filter cartridge. It is necessary to ensure that the liquid rises slowly and evenly. Water head sensor I is set inside the frosted filter cartridge and fixed with threads and raw tape to ensure that the filter cartridge wall is airtight. Water head sensor I is used to detect the water level information of the frosted filter cartridge and transmit electrical signals to water stop valve I and water stop valve III to control them to close. Water head sensor II is detachably set in the one-way water outlet of the liquid storage bag. Water head sensor II is used to detect the water level information of the liquid storage bag and transmit electrical signals to the peristaltic pump and the alarm. When the liquid storage bag is full, the peristaltic pump is controlled to close.

[0009] As the preferred technical solution:

[0010] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental device, the leaching nozzle is an atomizing nozzle to ensure uniform droplet spraying. The nozzle is fixed at the lower part of the sealing cover, and the radius of the leaching nozzle is slightly smaller than the radius of the frosted filter cartridge.

[0011] As described above, a gangue leaching experimental device has a frosted filter cartridge made of acrylic material with a thickness of >mm, a smooth outer wall, and a translucent frosted inner wall, which makes it convenient for experimenters to observe the internal leaching situation. The roughness of the frosted inner wall can be adjusted according to the sample particle size. The filter cartridge needs to be placed vertically on the workbench.

[0012] As described above, in a coal gangue leaching experimental device, the air collection bag is a fluorine-containing vacuum bag with one-way air inlet, which has excellent corrosion resistance and a general volume of 500 mL. The size can be adjusted according to the experimental conditions. The liquid storage bag is placed vertically and is made of TPE material with a capacity of 1000 mL. The liquid storage bag replaces the funnel and beaker, simplifying the external conditions required by the leaching device. A liquid collection port is also provided on the upper part of the liquid storage bag, and a label paper is provided on one side of the liquid storage bag.

[0013] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental device, the peristaltic pump adopts a high-precision speed-regulating peristaltic pump, each flow meter is a high-precision small-flow liquid flow meter, and each water stop valve is a water stop valve that is opened and closed manually.

[0014] The coal gangue leaching experimental device as described above also includes a sample loading auxiliary device, which includes a round rod, a T-shaped pin and a disc. One end of the round rod is connected to the center of the disc through a movable pin of the T-shaped pin. The diameter of the disc is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the frosted filter cartridge. When the round rod rotates, the T-shaped pin keeps the disc horizontal.

[0015] The present invention also provides a gangue leaching experimental method, which uses the above-mentioned gangue leaching experimental device and includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Check the tightness of the device. Close the water stop valve II and water stop valve III, turn on the peristaltic pump to inject water into the frosted filter cartridge, check whether the device is leaking and whether the water head sensor is working properly. After passing the inspection, replace the water in the water tank with the experimental solution.

[0017] S2: Prepare the sample. If the average particle size of the gangue is less than 80 mesh, mix it evenly with quartz sand as the sample. If the average particle size of the gangue is greater than or equal to 80 mesh, it can be used directly as the sample and keep the sample and the cylinder wall dry.

[0018] S3: Open the sealing cover, place stainless steel filter mesh I and filter paper I inside the water inlet, place stainless steel filter mesh II and filter paper II inside the water outlet, use qualitative filter paper to filter smaller impurities, place quartz sand at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge, place filter paper III with the same inner diameter as the frosted filter cartridge above the quartz sand, and then place the sample in layers on filter paper III;

[0019] S4: Open the water stop valve I at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge, open the air stop valve, close the water stop valve III and water stop valve II, turn on the peristaltic pump, control the flow rate of the experimental liquid, and allow the experimental liquid to slowly fill the sample from bottom to top until the experimental liquid reaches the top of the filter paper at the top of the frosted filter cartridge and contacts the water head sensor I. The gas in the frosted filter cartridge enters the gas collection bag. According to previous practical operating experience, the gas generated is small, so the problem of filling the gas collection bag is not a concern;

[0020] S5: After the experimental liquid contacts the water head sensor I, the water head sensor I sends an electrical signal to close the water stop valve I, open the water stop valve III and water stop valve II, and the leaching nozzle begins to leach. The leaching liquid fills the liquid storage bag. When the leaching liquid enters the one-way water outlet of the liquid storage bag and contacts the water head sensor II, the water head sensor II sends an electrical signal to close the peristaltic pump and activate the alarm.

[0021] S6: After hearing the alarm, replace the liquid storage bag with a new one, refrigerate the test material at room temperature, keep the water stop valve I closed, and keep the water stop valves III and II open. Continue leaching until the test liquid in the frosted filter cartridge has completely flowed out. Record the start and stop leaching times, as well as the values ​​before and after each flow meter.

[0022] S7: Process the test substances and corresponding data obtained in S6.

[0023] As the preferred technical solution:

[0024] In the above-mentioned gangue leaching experimental method, in S1, the experimental liquid is an acidic solution prepared according to the pH value of precipitation at the gangue sampling site or a simulation scheme, and the acidic solution is a mixture of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and ultrapure water.

[0025] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental method, in S2, the uniform mixing is uniform mixing in a ratio of 1:1, and in S2 and S3, the quartz sand is 80 mesh quartz sand;

[0026] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental method, in S3, the quartz sand is placed at a height of about 1 cm above the water inlet and outlet below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge, and the stainless steel filter screen is 200 mesh to block larger sample particles.

[0027] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental method, in S3, the method of placing the samples in layers is as follows: the sample is placed on filter paper III, and the final sample height is not less than four-fifths of the height of the frosted filter cartridge. A layer of filter paper IV is placed on the sample, and quartz sand equal to the quartz sand at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge is placed on the filter paper IV. A layer of filter paper V is placed on the quartz sand. After each layer is placed, it is gently compacted using a sample loading auxiliary device. The total height of the filling in the frosted filter cartridge is slightly lower than the height of the water head sensor I in the frosted filter cartridge.

[0028] In the above-mentioned coal gangue leaching experimental method, in S4, the flow rate is controlled in the range of 0.5 mL / min to 1 mL / min.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] (1) The present invention adopts a rough leaching inner wall to slow down the water flow rate on the inner wall, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of the above situation;

[0031] (2) The present invention does not require manual supervision throughout the entire process. The experimenter only needs to perform simple operations before water injection. In addition, the present invention can automatically alarm after the experiment is completed, especially when multiple leaching columns work together, which greatly reduces the labor cost;

[0032] (3) The experimental device of the present invention only needs to be placed on the same horizontal surface to meet the experimental needs. It does not require a customized frame of the traditional experimental device, which greatly saves laboratory space and experimental costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel coal gangue leaching experimental device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the novel coal gangue leaching experimental device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal filling of the frosted filter cartridge of the novel coal gangue leaching experimental device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid storage bag structure of the novel coal gangue leaching experimental device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary sample loading tool of the novel coal gangue leaching experimental device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure: 1, water tank; 2, peristaltic pump; 3, silicone hose; 4, frosted filter cartridge; 5, liquid storage bag; 6, air collection bag; 7-1, flow meter I; 7-2, flow meter II; 7-3, flow meter III; 8-1, water stop valve I; 8-2, water stop valve II; 8-3, water stop valve III; 9-1, water head sensor I; 9-2, water head sensor II; 10, platform; 11, leaching nozzle; 12, sealing cover; 13, buckle; 14 , air check valve; 15. Water inlet; 16. Water outlet; 17. One-way air inlet; 19. Alarm; 20-1. Filter paper I; 20-2. Filter paper II; 20-3. Filter paper III; 20-4. Filter paper IV; 20-5. Filter paper V; 23-1. Stainless steel filter screen I; 23-2. Stainless steel filter screen II; 24. One-way water outlet; 25. Liquid collection port; 27. Label paper; 28. Round rod; 29. ​​T-type latch; 30. Disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or its variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or components.

[0040] A coal gangue leaching experimental device, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a platform 10, and a spraying device, a collecting device and a control device arranged above the platform 10;

[0041] The spraying device includes a water tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a leaching nozzle 11 and a frosted filter cartridge 4;

[0042] The collecting device includes a liquid storage bag 5 and an air collection bag 6;

[0043] The control device includes a water head sensor, a water stop valve and an alarm 19; the water stop valve includes a water stop valve I 8-1, a water stop valve II 8-2 and a water stop valve III 8-3;

[0044] The frosted filter cartridge 4 is sealed with a sealing cover 12 via a buckle 13. A one-way air inlet 17 is provided above the sealing cover 12. The frosted filter cartridge 4 is made of acrylic material with a thickness of more than 5 mm, a smooth outer wall, and a translucent frosted inner wall.

[0045] The water tank 1 is connected to the water inlet of the peristaltic pump 2 through a silicone hose 3. The water outlet of the peristaltic pump 2 is provided with a tee. One water outlet end of the tee is connected to the water stop valve I 8-1, the flow meter I 7-1, and the water inlet 15 at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge 4 in sequence through the silicone hose 3. The other water outlet end is connected to the water stop valve III 8-3 and the flow meter III 7-3 in sequence through the silicone hose 3, and is connected to the leaching nozzle 11 through the sealing cover 12. The leaching nozzle 11 is an atomizing nozzle. The radius of the leaching nozzle 11 is slightly smaller than the radius of the frosted filter cartridge 4. The leaching nozzle 11 is fixed to the lower part of the sealing cover 12, that is, above the interior of the frosted filter cartridge 4.

[0046] The water outlet 16 at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge 4 is connected to the water stop valve II 8-2, flow meter II 7-2, and liquid storage bag 5 in sequence through the silicone hose 3. The air collection bag 6 is connected to the frosted filter cartridge 4 through the silicone hose 3. A stop valve 14 is provided on the silicone hose 3 between the air collection bag 6 and the frosted filter cartridge 4. The air collection bag 6 is a fluorine-containing vacuum bag with one-way air inlet. The liquid storage bag 5 is placed vertically and is made of TPE. A liquid extraction port 25 is also provided on the upper portion of the liquid storage bag 5, and a label paper 27 is provided on one side of the liquid storage bag 5.

[0047] Peristaltic pump 2 adopts a high-precision speed-regulating peristaltic pump, each flow meter is a high-precision small-flow liquid flow meter, and each water stop valve is a water stop valve that is opened and closed manually;

[0048] The water head sensor includes a water head sensor I 9-1 and a water head sensor II 9-2. The water head sensor I 9-1 is electrically connected to the water stop valve I 8-1 and the water stop valve III 8-3. The water head sensor II 9-2 is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump 2 and the alarm 19. The water head sensor I 9-1 is disposed inside the frosted filter cartridge 4 and fixed with threads and raw tape. The water head sensor I 9-1 is used to detect water level information of the frosted filter cartridge 4 and transmit electrical signals to the water stop valve I 8-1 and the water stop valve III 8-3. The water head sensor II 9-2 is detachably disposed within the one-way water outlet 24 of the liquid storage bag 5. The water head sensor II 9-2 is used to detect water level information of the liquid storage bag 5 and transmit electrical signals to the peristaltic pump 2 and the alarm 19.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, the sample loading auxiliary device includes a round rod 28, a T-shaped pin 29 and a disc 30. One end of the round rod 28 is movably pinned to the center of the disc 30 through the T-shaped pin 29. The diameter of the disc 30 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the frosted filter cartridge 4.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A gangue leaching experimental method, using the above-mentioned gangue leaching experimental device, specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Check the tightness of the device. Close the water stop valve II 8-2 and the water stop valve III 8-3, open the peristaltic pump 2 to inject water into the frosted filter cartridge 4, check whether the device is leaking, and whether the water head sensor is working properly. After passing the inspection, replace the water in the water tank 1 with the experimental solution. The experimental solution is an acidic solution prepared according to the pH value of the precipitation at the coal gangue sampling site or a simulation scheme. The acidic solution is a mixture of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and ultrapure deionized water;

[0053] S2: Prepare coal gangue with a particle size of >80 mesh as a sample and keep the sample and the cylinder wall dry;

[0054] S3: Open the sealing cover 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, a stainless steel filter screen I 23-1 and filter paper I 20-1 are placed inside the water inlet 15, and a stainless steel filter screen II 23-2 and filter paper II 20-2 are placed inside the water outlet 16. The stainless steel filter screen I 23-1 and the stainless steel filter screen II 23-2 are 200-mesh stainless steel filter screens. 80-mesh quartz sand is placed below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4. The height of the quartz sand below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4 exceeds the water inlet and outlet by about 1 cm. Filter paper III 20-3 with the same inner diameter as the frosted filter cartridge 4 is placed above the quartz sand. Then, the sample is layered on the filter paper III 20-3, and the final sample height is not less than four-fifths of the height of the frosted filter cartridge 4. A layer of filter paper IV 20-4 is placed above the sample. An amount of 80-mesh quartz sand equal to the quartz sand below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4 is placed above the filter paper IV 20-4. A layer of filter paper V is placed above the quartz sand. 20-5, after each layer is placed, use the sample loading auxiliary device to gently compact it. The total height of the filling in the frosted filter cartridge 4 is slightly lower than the height of the water head sensor I 9-1 in the frosted filter cartridge 4;

[0055] S4: Open the water stop valve I 8-1 at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge 4, open the air stop valve 14, close the water stop valve III 8-3 and the water stop valve II 8-2, turn on the peristaltic pump 2, control the flow rate of the experimental liquid in the range of 0.5mL / min to 1mL / min, and allow the experimental liquid to slowly fill the sample from bottom to top until the experimental liquid reaches the top of the filter paper at the top of the frosted filter cartridge 4 and contacts the water head sensor I 9-1, and the gas in the frosted filter cartridge 4 enters the gas collection bag 6;

[0056] S5: After the experimental liquid contacts the water head sensor I 9-1, the water head sensor I 9-1 sends an electrical signal to close the water stop valve I8-1, open the water stop valve III 8-3 and the water stop valve II 8-2, and the leaching nozzle 11 begins leaching. The leachate fills the liquid storage bag 5. When the leachate enters the one-way water outlet 24 of the liquid storage bag 5 and contacts the water head sensor II 9-2, the water head sensor II 9-2 sends an electrical signal to close the peristaltic pump 2 and to sound an alarm 19.

[0057] S6: After hearing the alarm 19, replace the liquid storage bag with a new one, refrigerate the test material at room temperature, keep the water stop valve I 8-1 closed, and keep the water stop valve III 8-3 and water stop valve II 8-2 open. Continue leaching until the test liquid in the frosted filter cartridge 4 has completely flowed out. Record the start and stop times of leaching, as well as the flow meter readings before and after.

[0058] S7: Process the test substances and corresponding data obtained in S6.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] A gangue leaching experimental method, using the above-mentioned gangue leaching experimental device, specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Check the tightness of the device. Close the water stop valve II 8-2 and the water stop valve III 8-3, open the peristaltic pump 2 to inject water into the frosted filter cartridge 4, check whether the device is leaking, and whether the water head sensor is working properly. After passing the inspection, replace the water in the water tank 1 with the experimental solution. The experimental solution is an acidic solution prepared according to the pH value of the precipitation at the coal gangue sampling site or a simulation scheme. The acidic solution is a mixture of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and ultrapure deionized water;

[0062] S2: Prepare coal gangue with a particle size of <80 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 80 mesh. Mix the coal gangue and quartz sand in a ratio of 1:1 as the sample, and keep the sample and the cylinder wall dry.

[0063] S3: Open the sealing cover 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, a stainless steel filter screen I 23-1 and filter paper I 20-1 are placed inside the water inlet 15, and a stainless steel filter screen II 23-2 and filter paper II 20-2 are placed inside the water outlet 16. The stainless steel filter screen I 23-1 and the stainless steel filter screen II 23-2 are 200-mesh stainless steel filter screens. 80-mesh quartz sand is placed below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4. The height of the quartz sand below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4 exceeds the water inlet and outlet by about 1 cm. Filter paper III 20-3 with the same inner diameter as the frosted filter cartridge 4 is placed above the quartz sand. Then, the sample is layered on the filter paper III 20-3, and the final sample height is not less than four-fifths of the height of the frosted filter cartridge 4. A layer of filter paper IV 20-4 is placed above the sample. An amount of 80-mesh quartz sand equal to the quartz sand below the inside of the frosted filter cartridge 4 is placed above the filter paper IV 20-4. A layer of filter paper V is placed above the quartz sand. 20-5, after each layer is placed, use the sample loading auxiliary device to gently compact it. The total height of the filling in the frosted filter cartridge 4 is slightly lower than the height of the water head sensor I 9-1 in the frosted filter cartridge 4;

[0064] S4: Open the water stop valve I 8-1 at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge 4, open the air stop valve 14, close the water stop valve III 8-3 and the water stop valve II 8-2, turn on the peristaltic pump 2, control the flow rate of the experimental liquid in the range of 0.5mL / min to 1mL / min, and allow the experimental liquid to slowly fill the sample from bottom to top until the experimental liquid reaches the top of the filter paper at the top of the frosted filter cartridge 4 and contacts the water head sensor I 9-1, and the gas in the frosted filter cartridge 4 enters the gas collection bag 6;

[0065] S5: After the experimental liquid contacts the water head sensor I 9-1, the water head sensor I 9-1 sends an electrical signal to close the water stop valve I8-1, open the water stop valve III 8-3 and the water stop valve II 8-2, and the leaching nozzle 11 begins leaching. The leachate fills the liquid storage bag 5. When the leachate enters the one-way water outlet 24 of the liquid storage bag 5 and contacts the water head sensor II 9-2, the water head sensor II 9-2 sends an electrical signal to close the peristaltic pump 2 and to sound an alarm 19.

[0066] S6: After hearing the alarm 19, replace the liquid storage bag with a new one, refrigerate the test material at room temperature, keep the water stop valve I 8-1 closed, and keep the water stop valve III 8-3 and water stop valve II 8-2 open. Continue leaching until the test liquid in the frosted filter cartridge 4 has completely flowed out. Record the start and stop times of leaching, as well as the flow meter readings before and after.

[0067] S7: Process the test substances and corresponding data obtained in S6.

[0068] The present invention is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the present invention, and the corresponding changes and modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue leaching experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spraying device, a collecting device and a control device; the spraying device comprises a water tank (1), a peristaltic pump (2), a leaching nozzle (11) and a frosted filter cartridge (4); the collecting device comprises a liquid storage bag (5) and an air collection bag (6); the control device comprises a water head sensor, a water stop valve and an alarm (19); the water stop valve comprises a water stop valve I (8-1), a water stop valve II (8-2) and a water stop valve III (8-3); a sealing cover (12) is sealed and connected to the top of the frosted filter cartridge (4) through a buckle (13), and a one-way air inlet (17) is provided above the sealing cover (12); the water tank (1) is connected to the water inlet of the peristaltic pump (2) through a silicone hose (3), and a tee is provided at the water outlet of the peristaltic pump (2), and one water outlet end of the tee is connected to the water inlet of the peristaltic pump (2) in sequence through the silicone hose (3). The water stop valve I (8-1), the flow meter I (7-1) and the water inlet (15) at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge (4) are connected, and the other water outlet is connected to the water stop valve III (8-3) and the flow meter III (7-3) in sequence through the silicone hose (3), and is connected to the leaching nozzle (11) through the sealing cover (12), and the leaching nozzle (11) is fixed on the upper part of the inside of the frosted filter cartridge (4); the water outlet (16) at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge (4) is connected to the water stop valve II (8-2), the flow meter II (7-2) and the liquid storage bag (5) in sequence through the silicone hose (3), the air collection bag (6) is connected to the frosted filter cartridge (4) through the silicone hose (3), and a stop valve (14) is provided on the silicone hose (3) between the air collection bag (6) and the frosted filter cartridge (4); The water head sensor includes a water head sensor I (9-1) and a water head sensor II (9-2). The water head sensor I (9-1) is electrically connected to the water stop valve I (8-1) and the water stop valve III (8-3). The water head sensor II (9-2) is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump (2) and the alarm (19). The water head sensor I (9-1) is arranged inside the frosted filter cartridge (4) and fixed with threads and raw tape. The water head sensor I (9-1) is used to detect water level information of the frosted filter cartridge (4) and transmit electrical signals to the water stop valve I (8-1) and the water stop valve III (8-3). The water head sensor II (9-2) is detachably arranged in the one-way water outlet (24) of the liquid storage bag (5). The water head sensor II (9-2) is used to detect water level information of the liquid storage bag (5) and transmit electrical signals to the peristaltic pump (2) and the alarm (19). The gas collecting bag (6) is a fluorine-containing vacuum bag with one-way air inlet. The liquid storage bag (5) is placed vertically and is made of TPE material. A liquid extraction port (25) is provided on the upper portion of the liquid storage bag (5). A label paper (27) is provided on one side of the liquid storage bag (5). The sample loading auxiliary device also includes a round rod (28), a T-shaped latch (29) and a disc (30). One end of the round rod (28) is movably pinned to the center of the disc (30) via the T-shaped latch (29). The diameter of the disc (30) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the frosted filter cartridge (4).

2. A gangue leaching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaching nozzle (11) is an atomizing nozzle, which is fixed to the lower part of the sealing cover (12). The radius of the leaching nozzle (11) is slightly smaller than the radius of the frosted filter cartridge (4).

3. The coal gangue leaching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frosted filter cartridge (4) is made of acrylic material with a thickness of >5 mm, a smooth outer wall and a translucent frosted inner wall.

4. The coal gangue leaching experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peristaltic pump (2) is a high-precision speed-regulating peristaltic pump, each flow meter is a high-precision small-flow liquid flow meter, and each water stop valve is a water stop valve that can be opened and closed manually.

5. A coal gangue leaching experimental method, characterized in that: The gangue leaching experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used, comprising the following steps: S1: Check the tightness of the device. Close the water stop valve II (8-2) and the water stop valve III (8-3). Open the peristaltic pump (2) to inject water into the frosted filter cartridge (4). Check whether the device is leaking and whether the water head sensor is working properly. After passing the inspection, replace the water in the water tank (1) with the experimental liquid. S2: Prepare the sample. If the average particle size of the gangue is less than 80 mesh, mix it evenly with quartz sand as the sample. If the average particle size of the gangue is greater than or equal to 80 mesh, it can be used directly as the sample and keep the sample and the cylinder wall dry. S3: Open the sealing cover (12), place a stainless steel filter screen I (23-1) and filter paper I (20-1) inside the water inlet (15), place a stainless steel filter screen II (23-2) and filter paper II (20-2) inside the water outlet (16), place quartz sand at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge (4), place filter paper III (20-3) with the same inner diameter as the frosted filter cartridge (4) above the quartz sand, and then place the sample in layers on the filter paper III (20-3); S4: Open the water stop valve I (8-1) at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge (4), open the air stop valve (14), close the water stop valve III (8-3) and the water stop valve II (8-2), turn on the peristaltic pump (2), control the flow rate of the experimental liquid, and allow the experimental liquid to slowly fill the sample from bottom to top until the experimental liquid reaches the top of the filter paper on the frosted filter cartridge (4) and contacts the water head sensor I (9-1), and the gas in the frosted filter cartridge (4) enters the gas collection bag (6); S5: After the experimental liquid contacts the water head sensor I (9-1), the water head sensor I (9-1) sends an electrical signal to close the water stop valve I (8-1), open the water stop valve III (8-3) and the water stop valve II (8-2), and the leaching nozzle (11) starts leaching. The leaching liquid fills the liquid storage bag (5). When the leaching liquid enters the one-way water outlet (24) of the liquid storage bag (5) and contacts the water head sensor II (9-2), the water head sensor II (9-2) sends an electrical signal to close the peristaltic pump (2) and make the alarm (19) sound. S6: After hearing the alarm (19), replace the liquid storage bag with a new one, store the test substance in a refrigerator at room temperature, keep the water stop valve I (8-1) closed, and keep the water stop valve III (8-3) and water stop valve II (8-2) open, and continue leaching until the test liquid in the frosted filter cartridge (4) is completely discharged, and record the start and stop leaching time, as well as the values ​​before and after each flow meter; S7: Process the test substances and corresponding data obtained in S6.

6. A gangue leaching experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the experimental solution is an acidic solution prepared according to the pH value of precipitation at the coal gangue sampling site or a simulation scheme, and the acidic solution is a mixture of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and ultrapure water; In S2, the uniform mixing is uniform mixing in a ratio of 1:

1. In S2 and S3, the quartz sand is 80 mesh quartz sand.

7. A gangue leaching experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the quartz sand is placed at a height of about 1 cm above the water inlet and outlet inside the frosted filter cartridge (4), and the stainless steel filter screen is 200 mesh; In S4, the controlled flow rate range is 0.5 mL / min~1 mL / min.

8. A gangue leaching experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the method of placing the sample in layers is as follows: the sample is placed on filter paper III (20-3), and the final sample height is not less than four-fifths of the height of the frosted filter cartridge (4). A layer of filter paper IV (20-4) is placed on the sample. A quantity of quartz sand equal to the quartz sand at the bottom of the frosted filter cartridge (4) is placed on filter paper IV (20-4). A layer of filter paper V (20-5) is placed on the quartz sand. After each layer is placed, the sample is gently compacted using a sample loading auxiliary device. The total height of the filling in the frosted filter cartridge (4) is slightly lower than the height of the water head sensor I (9-1) in the frosted filter cartridge (4).

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