Ultra-precision swing head electric spindle

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-precision swing head electric spindle, comprising a housing and a core shaft arranged in the housing, wherein the front end and the rear end of the core shaft are respectively provided with a front end bearing and a rear end bearing, the housing comprising a first barrel housing, a second barrel housing, a front end cover and a rear end cover arranged coaxially; the first barrel housing and the second barrel housing are connected by a connecting structure, the connecting structure comprising a first connecting ring, a second connecting ring and a connecting pipe, the first connecting ring being arranged in the first barrel housing, the second connecting ring being arranged in the second barrel housing, the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring being matched in a concave-convex manner, a pressure ring being provided at the rear end of the connecting pipe, a fixed ring being movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the pressure ring and the second connecting ring being matched to form a connecting column, and the connecting column being threadedly connected to the fixed ring. The present invention provides a connecting structure so that the staff can disassemble the electric spindle according to the fault condition of the electric spindle without having to disassemble the entire electric spindle, which is more time-saving and labor-saving and convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric spindles, in particular to an ultra-precision swing head electric spindle. Background Art

[0002] A superfinishing machine is a grinding machine that uses low-pressure and high-frequency vibration of an oilstone to grind workpieces. The swing head is driven by a servo motor, which synchronously drives the electric spindle's rotation center to swing. Among them, the electric spindle is an important component of the superfinishing machine. The electric spindle directly uses the motor's rotor as the main shaft of the machine tool. The housing of the spindle unit is the motor base, and it cooperates with other components to achieve the integration of the motor and the machine tool spindle. It is widely used in the manufacturing of cutting-edge products such as precision molds, automobiles, ships, aerospace, etc.

[0003] In the existing electric spindle, the shaft core of the motor is supported by a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly includes a front bearing and a rear bearing. The front bearing is assembled at the front end of the core shaft, and the rear bearing is assembled at the rear end of the core shaft. Grease is filled between the inner ring and the outer ring of the front bearing and the rear bearing to ensure that the shaft core of the electric spindle rotates at high speed. In the actual use of the electric spindle, wear is likely to occur between the core shaft and the bearings. Therefore, the bearings and the core shaft are important factors affecting the service life of the electric spindle. The front and rear ends of the core shaft need to be inspected and maintained regularly. When either the front end or the rear end of the electric spindle fails, the staff needs to disassemble the entire electric spindle to inspect and maintain the core shaft and bearings, and then reassemble them. The structure of the electric spindle is relatively complex and there are many parts. The disassembly and installation process is cumbersome and time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technology. By setting up a connection structure, the staff can disassemble the electric spindle according to the fault condition of the electric spindle without having to disassemble the entire electric spindle, which saves time and effort and facilitates disassembly and maintenance.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an ultra-precision swing head electric spindle, comprising a casing and a core shaft arranged in the casing, the front end and rear end of the core shaft are respectively sleeved with a front end bearing and a rear end bearing, the casing comprises a first barrel sleeve, a second barrel sleeve, a front end cover and a rear end cover which are coaxially arranged, the core shaft is interlaced and rotatably connected to the first barrel sleeve, the inner wall of the second barrel sleeve is provided with a stator, the rear end of the core shaft is provided with a rotor, the inner wall of the first barrel sleeve is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the front end bearing, the front end cover is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft, the front end cover is provided with a connecting portion inserted into the first mounting groove, the rear end bearing is mounted on the inner cavity of the rear end cover, and the rear end cover is mounted on the rear end of the core shaft and bolted to the second barrel sleeve;

[0006] The opposite sides of the first barrel sleeve and the second barrel sleeve are connected by a connecting structure, and the connecting structure includes a first connecting ring, a second connecting ring and a connecting pipe. The first connecting ring is arranged at the end of the first barrel sleeve away from the front end cover, and the second connecting ring is arranged at the end of the second barrel sleeve away from the rear end cover. The inner ring wall of the second connecting ring is stepped, and the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are matched with each other in a concave-convex manner. The front end surface of the first connecting ring and the front end surface of the second connecting ring are flush with each other. The first barrel sleeve is inserted into the connecting pipe, and the inner wall of the opening at the front end of the connecting pipe is shaped A limiting ring is formed for the front end cover to pass through, and a driving ring is formed on the outer wall of the front end cover that is slidably connected to the connecting tube. A pressure ring is provided on the outer wall of the rear end of the connecting tube. The front end faces of the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are both in contact with the pressure ring. The outer diameter of the pressure ring is equal to the outer diameter of the second connecting ring. A fixing ring is movably connected to the outer wall of the connecting tube. The pressure ring and the second connecting ring cooperate to form a connecting column. The outer wall of the connecting column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring. A stopping ring is formed on the front opening of the fixing ring, and the stopping ring is rotatably connected to the connecting tube.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of locking components are provided in the connecting tube, and the locking component includes a locking rod and an elastic member. The inner wall of the connecting tube is provided with a sliding groove for the locking rod to slide and connect, and the sliding groove extends along the radial direction of the connecting tube. The inner groove wall of the sliding groove is provided with a travel groove, and the locking rod is provided with a travel portion that is slidably connected to the travel groove. The elastic member is provided between the travel groove and the travel portion, and the end of the locking rod inserted into the connecting tube is formed with a first inclined surface, and the side wall of the driving ring close to the limit ring is formed with a second inclined surface, and the first inclined surface cooperates and conflicts with the second inclined surface.

[0008] Preferably, a locking groove corresponding to the locking rod is provided at the connection between the limiting ring and the first cylinder sleeve, and the end of the locking rod inserted into the connecting tube is interference-fitted with the locking groove.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding groove passes through the outer wall of the connecting tube, the end of the locking rod exposed outside the connecting tube is provided with a connecting plate, the inner wall of the connecting plate is provided with a guide column, and the outer wall of the connecting tube is provided with a guide groove for the guide column to slide and connect.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of locking assemblies are provided, and the plurality of locking assemblies are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting tube. The connecting plate is bent, and the inner side wall of the connecting plate fits and contacts the outer wall of the connecting tube. The opposite sides of two adjacent connecting plates fit and contact each other, so that each connecting plate is combined to form an annular structure. The connecting tube sleeve is provided with a locking sleeve, and the inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with an annular groove for the annular structure to be inserted.

[0011] Preferably, the locking sleeve is fixed to the connecting pipe by a fastener, the connecting pipe is penetrated by a fixing hole, the fastener is a bolt structure, and the screw of the fastener passes through the locking sleeve and is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.

[0012] Preferably, a second mounting groove is formed at the end of the first sleeve shell tube away from the first mounting groove, an auxiliary bearing is installed in the second mounting groove, and the auxiliary bearing is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the outer diameter of the front end portion of the core shaft is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end portion of the core shaft, and the rear end of the core shaft is inserted into the second mounting groove.

[0014] Preferably, the outer diameter of the first barrel sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube, and the outer wall of the first barrel sleeve is provided with a guide ring which is slidably connected to the connecting tube. The cavity formed between the outer wall of the first barrel sleeve and the inner wall of the connecting tube is divided into a first air cavity and a second air cavity by the guide ring. The first air cavity corresponds to the front end bearing, and the second air cavity corresponds to the auxiliary bearing. The guide ring is penetrated by a ventilation groove, and the two ends of the ventilation groove are respectively connected to the first air cavity and the second air cavity, and the connecting tube is penetrated by an air inlet interface and an air outlet interface, and the air inlet interface and the air outlet interface are both communicated with the second air cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the guide ring is provided with a positioning hole, and the end of the fastener screwed into the connecting pipe is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides an ultra-precision swing head electric spindle, in which the rear end of the core shaft is assembled in the second barrel sleeve through the stator, and the front end cover, the first barrel sleeve and the second barrel sleeve are assembled and fixed at one time through the connection structure, and the rear end cover is transferred to the second barrel sleeve through a bolt connection. When the staff checks and maintains the front end of the core shaft, they only need to rotate the fixing ring away from the mounting column to remove the first barrel sleeve and the core shaft from the connecting tube, and then pull the front end of the core shaft out of the first barrel sleeve, so that the staff can check and maintain the front end bearing and the front end of the core shaft. When the staff checks and maintains the rear end of the core shaft, the rear end cover is removed through the bolt connection of the rear end cover and the second barrel sleeve, so that the staff can check and maintain the rear end bearing and the rear end of the core shaft. The staff can perform disassembly operations according to the fault condition of the electric spindle, without having to disassemble the entire electric spindle, which saves time and effort and is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the electric spindle in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of area A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of each locking assembly in the embodiment Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of each locking assembly in the embodiment Figure 2 .

[0022] In the figure: 1. tool; 2. air outlet; 3. mandrel; 4. front bearing; 5. rear bearing; 6. stator; 7. rotor; 9. second mounting groove; 10. connection part; 11. first connecting ring; 12. second connecting ring; 13. connecting pipe; 14. limiting ring; 15. driving ring; 16. pressure ring; 17. fixing ring; 18. blocking ring; 19. locking rod; 20. elastic member; 21. first cylinder housing; 22. second cylinder housing; 23. front End cover; 24, rear end cover; 25, slide groove; 26, stroke groove; 27, stroke part; 28, first inclined surface; 29, second inclined surface; 30, locking groove; 31, connecting plate; 32, guide column; 33, guide groove; 34, locking sleeve; 35, ring groove; 36, fastener; 37, fixing hole; 38, guide ring; 39, positioning hole; 40, auxiliary bearing; 41, first air cavity; 42, second air cavity; 43, ventilation groove; 44, air inlet interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 A super-precision swing head electric spindle includes a casing and a core shaft 3. The casing includes a first barrel shell 21, a second barrel shell 22, a front end cover 23 and a rear end cover 24 arranged coaxially. The core shaft 3 is connected to the first barrel shell 21 in an interlaced and rotatable manner. The inner wall of the second barrel shell 22 is provided with a stator 6, and the rear end of the core shaft 3 is provided with a rotor 7 so that the core shaft 3 can be assembled in the second barrel shell 22.

[0025] The front end and rear end of the core shaft 3 are respectively provided with a front end bearing 4 and a rear end bearing 5. The opposite sides of the first barrel sleeve 21 and the second barrel sleeve 22 are connected by a connecting structure. The connecting structure includes a first connecting ring 11, a second connecting ring 12 and a connecting tube 13. The first connecting ring 11 is arranged at the end of the first barrel sleeve 21 away from the front end cover 23, and the second connecting ring 12 is arranged at the end of the second barrel sleeve 22 away from the rear end cover 24. The inner ring wall of the second connecting ring 12 is stepped, and the first connecting ring 11 and the second connecting ring 12 are matched in a concave and convex manner. The front end face of the first connecting ring 11 and the front end face of the second connecting ring 12 are flush.

[0026] The inner wall of the first barrel housing 21 is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the front end bearing 4. The front end cover 23 is provided with a connecting portion 10 that is inserted into the first mounting groove. The connecting portion 10 is an annular structure and is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft 3, so that the front end cover 23 is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft 3 to cover the first mounting groove and locate the position of the front end bearing 4 in the first mounting groove. The rear end bearing 5 is mounted in the inner cavity of the rear end cover 24. The rear end cover 24 is mounted on the rear end of the core shaft 3 and is bolted to the second barrel housing 22, so that the rear end of the core shaft 3 and the rear end bearing 5 are assembled.

[0027] A second mounting groove 9 is provided at the end of the first tube sleeve 21 away from the first mounting groove, and an auxiliary bearing 40 is installed in the second mounting groove 9. The auxiliary bearing 40 is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft 3. When assembling the electric spindle, the staff inserts the front end of the core shaft 3 into the first tube sleeve 21 so that the front end of the core shaft 3 passes through the auxiliary bearing 40 and the front end bearing 4 in sequence. The outer diameter of the front end part of the core shaft 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end part of the core shaft 3. The rear end of the core shaft 3 is inserted into the second mounting groove 9 to cover the second mounting groove 9 and position the auxiliary bearing 40 in the second mounting groove 9.

[0028] Until the first connecting ring 11 is inserted into the inner ring wall of the second connecting ring 12 and the concave-convex fit between the two is completed, the front end surface of the first connecting ring 11 and the front end surface of the second connecting ring 12 are flush, and the first sleeve shell 21 is inserted into the connecting tube 13. Through the plug-in fit of the first sleeve shell and the connecting tube 13, the first sleeve shell is inserted into the connecting tube 13. The outer diameter of the first sleeve shell 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube 13. The outer wall of the first sleeve shell 21 is provided with a guide ring 38 that is slidably connected to the connecting tube 13 to guide the sliding of the first sleeve shell in the connecting tube 13. The inner wall of the opening at the front end of the connecting tube 13 is formed with a limit ring 14 for the front end cover 23 to pass through. The outer wall of the front end cover 23 is formed with a drive ring 15 that is slidably connected to the connecting tube 13. The limit ring 14 and the drive ring 15 are formed on the opposite sides to prevent the core shaft 3 and the first sleeve from being further inserted into the connecting tube 13.

[0029] The outer wall of the rear end of the connecting tube 13 is provided with a pressure ring 16. When the connecting tube 13 and the first tube sleeve are assembled, the front end face of the first connecting ring 11 and the front end face of the second connecting ring 12 both contact and cooperate with the pressure ring 16. The outer diameter of the pressure ring 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the second connecting ring 12. The outer wall of the connecting tube 13 is movably connected with a fixing ring 17. The pressure ring 16 and the second connecting ring 12 cooperate to form a connecting column. The outer wall of the connecting column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring 17. The front opening of the fixing ring 17 is formed with a stopping ring 18, which is rotatably connected to the connecting tube 13. The staff screws the fixing ring 17 into the connecting column to drive the stopping ring 18 to approach the pressure ring 16 until the opposite sides of the stopping ring 18 and the pressure ring 16 are tightly pressed. The pressure ring 16 and the second connecting ring 12 cooperate to clamp and position the first connecting ring 11 and maintain the connection state of the first tube sleeve 21 and the second tube sleeve 22. At the same time, the retaining ring 14 cooperates with the front end surface of the first barrel sleeve to clamp and position the front end cover 23, maintaining the connection between the front end cover 23 and the first barrel shell 21. The electric spindle realizes the one-time assembly and fixation of the front end cover 23, the first barrel shell 21, and the second barrel shell 22 through the connection structure, making the assembly of the electric spindle more convenient. After the electric spindle is assembled, the end of the front end cover 23 of the core shaft 3 is exposed for installation of the tool 1.

[0030] Four locking assemblies are provided in the connecting tube 13, and the four locking assemblies are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting tube 13. The locking assembly includes a locking rod 19 and an elastic member 20. A slide groove 25 is provided on the inner wall of the connecting tube 13 for the sliding connection of the locking rod 19. The slide groove 25 extends along the radial direction of the connecting tube 13. A travel groove 26 is provided on the inner groove wall of the slide groove 25. The locking rod 19 is provided with a travel portion 27 that is slidably connected to the travel groove 26. The elastic member 20 is a spring structure. The elastic member 20 is arranged between the travel groove 26 and the travel portion 27 and is sleeved on the locking rod 19. The end of the locking rod 19 inserted into the connecting tube 13 is formed with a first inclined surface 28, and the side wall of the drive ring 15 close to the limit ring 14 is formed with a second inclined surface 29. The first inclined surface 28 cooperates and conflicts with the second inclined surface 29. When the front end cover 23 is inserted and moved in the connecting tube 13 along with the first tube housing 21, the outer wall of the drive ring 15 conflicts with the inner wall of the connecting tube 13, guiding the front end cover 23 to slide in the connecting tube 13 until the first inclined surface 28 conflicts with the second inclined surface 29, and the first tube sleeve can continue to be inserted. Under the cooperation of the first inclined surface 28 and the second inclined surface 29, the elastic member 20 is compressed and contracted, and the drive ring 15 squeezes the locking rod 19 to make it retreat in the slide groove 25, so that the front end cover 23 passes through each locking component. When the drive ring 15 conflicts with the opposite side of the limit ring 14, the elastic member 20 recovers. The complex deformation drives the locking rod 19 to be pushed into the connecting tube 13 in the slide groove 25. A locking groove 30 corresponding to the locking rod 19 is provided at the connection between the limit ring 14 and the first tube sleeve 21. The end of the locking rod 19 inserted into the connecting tube 13 is interference fit with the locking groove 30 to lock the connection state between the front end cover 23 and the connecting tube 13. Each locking groove 30 cooperates with the end of each locking rod 19 respectively to maintain the assembled state of the front end cover 23 and the connecting tube 13. To a certain extent, it can avoid the front end cover 23 and the connecting tube 13 from being misaligned due to external force after the electric spindle is assembled.

[0031] When the staff checks and maintains the front end of the core shaft 3, they only need to rotate the fixing ring 17 away from the mounting column until the fixing ring 17 is separated from the second connecting ring 12. The staff can then remove the first tube sleeve 21 and the core shaft 3 from the connecting tube 13, and pull the front end of the core shaft 3 out of the first tube sleeve 21, and then check and maintain the front end bearing 4 and the front end of the core shaft 3. When the staff checks and maintains the rear end of the core shaft 3, through the bolt connection of the rear end cover 24 and the second tube sleeve 22, the staff can use common tools such as a screwdriver to quickly remove the rear end cover 24 to separate the rear end cover 24 and the rear end bearing 5 from the rear end of the core shaft 3, so that the staff can check and maintain the rear end bearing 5 and the rear end of the core shaft 3. The staff can perform disassembly operations according to the fault condition of the electric spindle without having to disassemble the entire electric spindle, which saves time and effort and is convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

[0032] The chute 25 extends through the outer wall of the connecting tube 13. A connecting plate 31 is provided at the end of the locking rod 19 that protrudes from the outside of the connecting tube 13. The connecting plate 31 is curved and moves with the locking rod 19. A guide post 32 is provided on the inner sidewall of the connecting plate 31. The outer wall of the connecting tube 13 is provided with a guide groove 33 for the guide post 32 to slide into, guiding the connecting plate 31 toward or away from the connecting tube 13. A locking sleeve 34 is sleeved around the connecting tube 13, and an annular groove 35 is provided on the inner wall of the locking sleeve 34.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 When the front end cover 23 squeezes each locking rod 19, each connecting plate 31 moves outward in an annular shape. After the front end cover 23 is assembled on the front end of the connecting tube 13, each connecting plate 31 moves inward in an annular shape. The end of each locking rod 19 is respectively interference-fitted in each locking groove 30. The inner side wall of each connecting plate 31 is fitted and abuts against the outer wall of the connecting tube 13. The opposite sides of the two adjacent connecting plates 31 cooperate and abut, so that each connecting plate 31 is combined to form an annular structure. The inner wall of the annular structure abuts against the outer wall of the connecting tube 13. To close, the staff moves the locking sleeve 34 so that the annular groove 35 approaches the annular structure, and the annular structure is inserted into the annular groove 35, maintaining each connecting plate 31 close to the connecting tube 13, thereby ensuring that the end of each locking rod 19 has an interference fit with the locking groove 30. The locking sleeve 34 is fixed to the connecting tube 13 by a fastener 36. The connecting tube 13 has a fixing hole 37 extending through it. The fastener 36 is a bolt structure. The screw of the fastener 36 passes through the locking sleeve 34 and is threadedly connected to the fixing hole 37 to fix the position of the locking sleeve 34 on the connecting tube 13. The guide ring 38 has a positioning hole 39. The end of the fastener 36 that is screwed into the connecting tube 13 is inserted into the positioning hole 39, so that the fastener 36 locks the position of the first cylinder housing 21 in the connecting tube 13.

[0034] The cavity formed between the outer wall of the first cylinder shell 21 and the inner wall of the connecting tube 13 is divided into a first air cavity 41 and a second air cavity 42 by the guide ring 38. The first air cavity 41 corresponds to the front end bearing 4, and the second air cavity 42 corresponds to the auxiliary bearing 40. The guide ring 38 is penetrated by a ventilation groove 43, and the two ends of the ventilation groove 43 are connected to the first air cavity 41 and the second air cavity 42 respectively. The connecting tube 13 is penetrated by an air inlet interface 44 and an air outlet interface 2, and the air inlet interface 44 and the air outlet interface 2 are both connected to the second air cavity 42. By connecting an external air source to the air inlet interface 44 and the air outlet connector respectively, the air inlet interface 44 blows air into the second air cavity 42, and the air is injected into the first air cavity 41 from the second air cavity 42 through the ventilation groove 43. Under the exhaust of the air outlet interface 2, air flow is realized between the first air cavity 41 and the second air cavity 42, so that the connecting tube 13 has a cooling effect on the front end bearing 4 and the auxiliary bearing 40 on the first cylinder sleeve, and concentrates on cooling the auxiliary bearing 40.

[0035] Of course, the above are only typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may also have many other specific implementation methods. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle, comprising a housing and a core shaft (3) disposed in the housing, wherein the front end and the rear end of the core shaft (3) are respectively provided with a front end bearing (4) and a rear end bearing (5), wherein: The casing comprises a first barrel housing (21), a second barrel housing (22), a front end cover (23) and a rear end cover (24) which are coaxially arranged. The core shaft (3) is interlaced and rotatably connected in the first barrel housing (21). The inner wall of the second barrel housing (22) is provided with a stator (6). The rear end of the core shaft (3) is provided with a rotor (7). The inner wall of the first barrel housing (21) is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the front end bearing (4). The front end cover (23) is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft (3). The front end cover (23) is provided with a connecting portion (10) which is inserted into the first mounting groove. The rear end bearing (5) is mounted in the inner cavity of the rear end cover (24). The rear end cover (24) is mounted on the rear end of the core shaft (3) and is bolted to the second barrel housing (22). The opposite sides of the first barrel shell (21) and the second barrel shell (22) are connected by a connecting structure, and the connecting structure includes a first connecting ring (11), a second connecting ring (12) and a connecting tube (13). The first connecting ring (11) is arranged at the end of the first barrel shell (21) away from the front end cover (23), and the second connecting ring (12) is arranged at the end of the second barrel shell (22) away from the rear end cover (24). The inner ring wall of the second connecting ring (12) is stepped. The first connecting ring (11) and the second connecting ring (12) are matched in a concave-convex manner. The front end surface of the first connecting ring (11) and the front end surface of the second connecting ring (12) are arranged flush. The first barrel shell (21) is inserted into the connecting tube (13), and the inner wall of the opening at the front end of the connecting tube (13) is formed with a groove for the connecting tube (13). The front end cover (23) passes through a limiting ring (14), the outer wall of the front end cover (23) is formed with a driving ring (15) that is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting tube (13), the outer wall of the rear end of the connecting tube (13) is provided with a pressure ring (16), the front end face of the first connecting ring (11) and the front end face of the second connecting ring (12) are both in contact with the pressure ring (16), the outer diameter of the pressure ring (16) is equal to the outer diameter of the second connecting ring (12), the outer wall of the connecting tube (13) is movably connected with a fixing ring (17), the pressure ring (16) and the second connecting ring (12) cooperate to form a connecting column, the outer wall of the connecting column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring (17), the front opening of the fixing ring (17) is formed with a blocking ring (18), and the blocking ring (18) is rotatably connected to the connecting tube (13); The connecting tube (13) is provided with a plurality of locking components, the locking components including a locking rod (19) and an elastic member (20), the inner wall of the connecting tube (13) is provided with a slide groove (25) for the sliding connection of the locking rod (19), the slide groove (25) extends along the radial direction of the connecting tube (13), the inner groove wall of the slide groove (25) is provided with a travel groove (26), the locking rod (19) is provided with a travel portion (27) that is slidably connected to the travel groove (26), the elastic member (20) is provided between the travel groove (26) and the travel portion (27), the end of the locking rod (19) inserted into the connecting tube (13) is formed with a first inclined surface (28), the side wall of the driving ring (15) close to the limit ring (14) is formed with a second inclined surface (29), the first inclined surface (28) and the second inclined surface (29) cooperate and conflict; A locking groove (30) corresponding to the locking rod (19) is provided at the connection between the limiting ring (14) and the first tube housing (21), and the end of the locking rod (19) inserted into the connecting tube (13) is interference-fitted with the locking groove (30).

2. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding groove (25) passes through the outer wall of the connecting tube (13); the end of the locking rod (19) exposed outside the connecting tube (13) is provided with a connecting plate (31); the inner side wall of the connecting plate (31) is provided with a guide column (32); the outer side wall of the connecting tube (13) is provided with a guide groove (33) for the guide column (32) to slide and connect.

3. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of locking assemblies are provided, and the plurality of locking assemblies are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting tube (13); the connecting plate (31) is bent, and the inner side wall of the connecting plate (31) is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the connecting tube (13); the opposite sides of two adjacent connecting plates (31) are adapted to abut against each other, so that each connecting plate (31) is combined to form an annular structure; the connecting tube (13) is provided with a locking sleeve (34), and the inner wall of the locking sleeve (34) is provided with an annular groove (35) for the annular structure to be inserted.

4. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking sleeve (34) is fixed to the connecting pipe (13) through a fastener (36); a fixing hole (37) is passed through the connecting pipe (13); the fastener (36) is a bolt structure; a screw of the fastener (36) passes through the locking sleeve (34) and is threadedly connected to the fixing hole (37).

5. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second mounting groove (9) is provided at the end of the first tube housing (21) away from the first mounting groove. An auxiliary bearing (40) is installed in the second mounting groove (9). The auxiliary bearing (40) is sleeved on the front end of the core shaft (3).

6. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the front end portion of the core shaft (3) is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end portion of the core shaft (3), and the rear end of the core shaft (3) is inserted into the second mounting groove (9).

7. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the first cylinder shell (21) is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube (13); the outer wall of the first cylinder shell (21) is provided with a guide ring (38) which is slidably connected to the connecting tube (13); the cavity formed between the outer wall of the first cylinder shell (21) and the inner wall of the connecting tube (13) is divided into a first air cavity (41) and a second air cavity (42) by the guide ring (38); the first air cavity (41) corresponds to the front end bearing (4); the second air cavity (42) corresponds to the auxiliary bearing (40); the guide ring (38) is penetrated by a ventilation groove (43); the two ends of the ventilation groove (43) are respectively connected to the first air cavity (41) and the second air cavity (42); the connecting tube (13) is penetrated by an air inlet interface (44) and an air outlet interface (2); the air inlet interface (44) and the air outlet interface (2) are both communicated with the second air cavity (42).

8. The ultra-precision oscillating head electric spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide ring (38) is provided with a positioning hole (39), and the end of the fastener (36) screwed into the connecting pipe (13) is inserted into the positioning hole (39).

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