Battery self-heating system, method, and vehicle

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a battery self-heating system, method, and vehicle, belonging to the field of battery management. The battery self-heating system includes an inverter, a multi-phase motor, a switching module, a control module, and a battery pack. The control module is electrically connected to the battery pack, the inverter, the multi-phase motor, and the switching module. The battery pack, the switching module, the inverter, and the multi-phase motor form a self-heating circuit. The switching module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off. The control module can control the operating state of the inverter and the switching module during vehicle parking, charging, or driving, enabling the switching module to selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off during these processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery management, and more specifically, to a battery self-heating system, method, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and rapid popularization of electric vehicles, lithium-ion power batteries are widely used. Due to the inherent characteristics of batteries, charging and discharging at the appropriate temperature can improve their charging and discharging efficiency and extend their service life. At low temperatures, the charging and discharging capacity of batteries will be greatly reduced, which will affect the use of electric vehicles in cold regions.

[0003] Among the related technologies, the use of self-heating of power batteries has been proposed. However, in these technologies, self-heating can only be achieved when the vehicle is parked, not while it is in motion, and therefore cannot maximize system efficiency and battery performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a battery self-heating system, method, and vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this disclosure, a battery self-heating system is provided, the battery self-heating system comprising an inverter, a multiphase motor, a switching module, a control module, and a battery pack;

[0006] The control module is electrically connected to the inverter and the switching module;

[0007] The battery pack, the switch module, the inverter, and the multiphase motor form a self-heating circuit, wherein the switch module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off.

[0008] The control module is used to control the operating state of the inverter and the operating state of the switching module, so that the switching module can selectively turn on or off the self-heating circuit.

[0009] Optionally, the switching module includes a first switching branch, which includes a first power switching device, a second power switching device, and a first contactor.

[0010] The first power switch device and the second power switch device are connected in reverse series and then connected in series with the first contactor.

[0011] The control module is used to control the first contactor to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; after the first contactor engages, control the first power switch and the second power switch to be turned on simultaneously; and keep the first contactor, the first power switch, and the second power switch in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0012] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the first power switch and the second power switch are controlled to turn off; when the first power switch and the second power switch are turned off, the first contactor is controlled to open; during the non-self-heating process, the first contactor, the first power switch, and the second power switch are kept in the open state.

[0013] Optionally, the switching module includes a second switching branch, which includes a third power switching device and a fourth power switching device, wherein the third power switching device and the fourth power switching device are connected in reverse series.

[0014] The control module is used to control the third power switch and the fourth power switch to be turned on simultaneously when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; and to keep the third power switch and the fourth power switch in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0015] When switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the third power switch and the fourth power switch are simultaneously turned off; during the non-self-heating process, the third power switch and the fourth power switch are kept in the off state.

[0016] Optionally, the switching module includes a first switching branch, which includes a fifth power switching device, a sixth power switching device, and a second contactor. The fifth power switching device and the sixth power switching device are connected in reverse parallel and then connected in series with the second contactor.

[0017] The control module is used to control the second contactor to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; after the second contactor engages, control the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch to be turned on simultaneously; and keep the second contactor, the fifth power switch, and the sixth power switch in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0018] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are simultaneously turned off; when the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are turned off, the second contactor is turned off; during the non-self-heating process, the second contactor, the fifth power switch, and the sixth power switch are kept in the off state.

[0019] Optionally, the switching module includes a second switching branch, which includes a seventh power switching device and an eighth power switching device, wherein the seventh power switching device and the eighth power switching device are connected in reverse parallel.

[0020] The control module is used to control the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch to be turned on simultaneously when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; and to keep the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0021] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are simultaneously turned off; during the non-self-heating process, the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch remain in the off state.

[0022] Optionally, the switch module further includes a third contactor; the first switch branch is connected in parallel with the third contactor; the current-carrying capacity of the contactor in the first switch branch is less than the current-carrying capacity of the third contactor;

[0023] The control module is used to: control the contactor in the first switch branch to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; control the power switching devices in the first switch branch to turn on simultaneously after the contactor in the first switch branch engages; control the third contactor to engage after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on; control the power switching devices in the switch module to turn off simultaneously after the third contactor engages; control the contactor in the first switch branch to turn off after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off; and maintain the third contactor in the on state, the power switching devices in the first switch branch in the off state, and the contactor in the first switch branch in the off state during the self-heating process.

[0024] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to engage; after the contactor in the first switch branch engages, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on, the third contactor is controlled to disengage; after the third contactor disengages, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned off; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to turn off; during the non-self-heating process, all devices in the switch module remain in the off state.

[0025] Optionally, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0026] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms.

[0027] Optionally, the switch module further includes a fourth contactor; the second switch branch is connected in parallel with the fourth contactor; the overcurrent capacity of the contactor in the second switch branch is less than the overcurrent capacity of the fourth contactor.

[0028] The switch module further includes a fourth contactor; the second switch branch is connected in parallel with the fourth contactor; the overcurrent capacity of the contactor in the second switch branch is less than the overcurrent capacity of the fourth contactor.

[0029] The control module is used to: simultaneously turn on the power switching devices in the second switch branch when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; control the fourth contactor to engage after the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned on; control the power switching devices in the second switch branch to turn off after the fourth contactor is engaged; and maintain the fourth contactor in the conducting state and the power switching devices in the second switch branch in the off state during the self-heating process.

[0030] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the second switch branch are turned on, the fourth contactor is turned off; after the fourth contactor is turned off, the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned off; during the non-self-heating process, all devices in the switch module are kept in the off state.

[0031] Optionally, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0032] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms.

[0033] Optionally, the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the multiphase motor is connected to the series connection point of the first battery pack and the second battery pack via a neutral line, and the switch module is disposed on the neutral line;

[0034] When the control module switches between self-heating and non-self-heating, it controls the power switching device in the switching module to turn on or off when the current in the neutral line crosses zero.

[0035] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a battery self-heating method is provided, applied to the control module described in any one of the first aspects of this disclosure, the method comprising:

[0036] By controlling the operating state of the inverter and the operating state of the switching module, the switching module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off.

[0037] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including a battery self-heating system as described in any of the first aspects of this disclosure.

[0038] The above technical solution sets up an inverter, multi-phase motor, switch module and battery pack to form a self-heating circuit, and controls the amplitude and frequency of the self-heating AC power through the control module to realize the self-heating of the battery pack. The control module controls the working state of the switch module during the vehicle's parking, charging or driving process to realize the conduction or shutdown of the self-heating circuit, which effectively improves the overall vehicle performance.

[0039] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery self-heating system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0042] Figure 2This is another schematic diagram illustrating a battery self-heating system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0045] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0047] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] Figure 8 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0050] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of a switching module according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0052] Figure 12 This is another flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0053] Figure 13 This is another flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0054] Figure 14 This is another flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0056] Figure 16 This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0058] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0059] With the development and rapid popularization of electric vehicles, lithium-ion power batteries are widely used. Due to the inherent characteristics of batteries, charging and discharging at the appropriate temperature can improve their charging and discharging efficiency and extend their service life. At low temperatures, the charging and discharging capacity of batteries will be greatly reduced, which will affect the use of electric vehicles in cold regions.

[0060] Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to low temperatures. At low temperatures, the internal resistance of lithium-ion batteries increases sharply, which greatly limits the discharge capacity and charge / discharge performance. This results in insufficient power performance and a significantly shortened driving range for electric vehicles in low-temperature environments. Moreover, batteries can hardly be charged below -20°C. If forced to charge, it can easily cause internal short circuits and create safety hazards.

[0061] Given the problems existing in related technologies, how to heat batteries under low-temperature conditions is an urgent issue to be addressed.

[0062] To address the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a battery self-heating system, method, and vehicle.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery self-heating system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the battery self-heating system 100 includes an inverter 110, a multi-phase motor 120, a switching module 130, a control module 140, and a battery pack 150.

[0064] The control module 140 is electrically connected to the inverter 110 and the switch module 130;

[0065] The battery pack 150, the switch module 130, the inverter 110 and the multiphase motor 120 form a self-heating circuit, wherein the switch module 130 can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off.

[0066] The control module 140 controls the operating state of the inverter 110 and the switching module 130, enabling the switching module 130 to selectively turn on or off the self-heating circuit. This battery self-heating system 100 can be, but is not limited to, applied in vehicles. The control module 140 can be, for example, an electronic device with information processing capabilities such as an MCU, an onboard computer, or a battery management system. The multiphase motor 120 can be, for example, a three-phase motor or a six-phase motor, and is a star-connected motor.

[0067] Specifically, when the battery self-heating system 100 is applied to a vehicle, the switch module 130 can be controlled to turn the self-heating circuit on or off during the vehicle's parking, charging, or driving processes.

[0068] In this embodiment, an inverter 110, a multiphase motor 120, a switch module 130, and a battery pack 150 are configured to form a self-heating circuit. The amplitude and frequency of the self-heating AC power are controlled by a control module 140 to achieve self-heating of the battery pack 150. The control module 140 also controls the working state of the switch module 130 to turn the self-heating circuit on or off, effectively improving the overall vehicle performance.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the battery pack 150 includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the multiphase motor 120 is connected to the series connection point of the first battery pack and the second battery pack via a neutral line, and the switch module 130 is disposed on the neutral line.

[0070] The control module 140 is used to control the power switching device in the switching module 130 to turn on or off when the current in the neutral line crosses zero. For example, it can directly or indirectly sample the current in the neutral line and control the power switching device in the switching module 130 to turn on or off when the neutral line current is 0 or close to 0.

[0071] Those skilled in the art should know that, since the multiphase motor 120 is connected in a star configuration, the multiphase motor 120 has a neutral line.

[0072] By adopting this solution, the power switching device in the neutral current zero-crossing control switch module 130 can be turned on or off in a way that effectively reduces the electrical stress at the moment of turning on or off, thereby reducing the probability of device damage.

[0073] Specifically, Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of a battery self-heating system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment, see reference. Figure 2The system 100 may also include a charging and discharging module 160, as well as switches K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, capacitor C1 and capacitor C2. The battery pack 150 may include a first battery pack E1 and a second battery pack E2. The inverter 110 is a 6-channel PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) device, including power switching devices VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT5, VT6 and reverse diodes VD1 to VD6. The multiphase motor 120 is specifically a three-phase motor.

[0074] It is understood that if the multiphase motor 120 is a six-phase motor or other motor, the specific device settings in the inverter 110 can be adjusted accordingly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0075] The first battery pack E1 and the second battery pack E2 in the battery pack 150 are first connected in series, and then connected to the DC bus of the inverter 110 through switches K1 and K2. The three-phase bridge arm of the inverter 110 is connected to the three-phase coil of the multiphase motor 120. The multiphase motor 120 is connected to the series connection point of the first battery pack E1 and the second battery pack E2 through the neutral line. The switch module 130 is set on the neutral line (i.e., N line). The bus capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the positive and negative bus of the inverter 110. The positive terminal of the charge-discharge module 160 is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter 110 bus by the positive series switch K5. The positive terminal of the charge-discharge module 160 is connected to the lead-out neutral line N of the multiphase motor 120. The negative terminal of the charge-discharge module 160 is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter 110 bus by the negative series switch K3. The positive terminal of the capacitor C2 is connected to the positive terminal of the charge-discharge module 160.

[0076] The battery pack 150 is used to provide DC power, the charging and discharging module 160 is used to output DC power from the battery pack 150 or charge the battery pack 150, the inverter 110 is used to convert the DC power provided by the electronic assembly into AC power, and the multiphase motor 120 is used to provide power to the transmission mechanism based on the three-phase AC power output by the inverter 110, or as a load in the self-heating circuit so that the battery pack 150 can self-heat.

[0077] Understandably, this is for ease of viewing. Figure 2 The control module 140 is not shown in the figure. In one embodiment, the control module 140 is connected to at least the inverter 110 and the switching module 130 and is used to control the inverter 110 and the switching module 130 to achieve motor drive or battery self-heating.

[0078] In another embodiment, the control module 140 is connected to the battery pack 150, inverter 110, multiphase motor 120, switch module 130 and charge / discharge module 160 respectively, and can be used to detect the working status of the battery pack 150, inverter 110, multiphase motor 120, switch module 130 and charge / discharge module 160.

[0079] The control module 140 controls the operating state of the electronic devices in the switch module 130 to turn the self-heating circuit on or off; it controls the operating state of the power switching devices on the three-phase bridge arm of the inverter 110 to control the AC amplitude and AC frequency, thereby adjusting the charging and discharging power or heat generation of the self-heating process.

[0080] It is understood that the switch module 130 may include power switching devices and / or contactors. During the self-heating process while driving, there are situations where the switch module 130 needs to be disconnected after heating is complete, and where the user needs to disconnect the switch module 130 to meet the vehicle's power requirements. If the switch module 130 is continuously on, it will limit the amplitude of the electronic control output voltage, limiting the maximum power that the motor can output, thus affecting the user experience. However, if the contactor is directly disconnected under a current load, it will cause the contactor to burn out. To further solve this technical problem, this disclosure proposes the following specific configuration of the switch module 130.

[0081] Implementation Method 1:

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the switch module 130 includes a first switch branch, which includes a first power switch device 1301, a second power switch device 1302, and a first contactor 1311. The first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 can be high-power switch devices, and the first contactor 1311 is a contactor capable of carrying large currents for a long time. The first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 are connected in reverse series and then connected in series with the second contactor.

[0083] The control module 140 is used to control the first contactor 1311 to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; after the first contactor 1311 engages, control the first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 to be turned on simultaneously, and keep the first contactor 1311, the first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0084] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the first power switch 1301 and the second power switch 1302 are turned off; when the first power switch 1301 and the second power switch 1302 are turned off, the first contactor 1311 is turned off; during the non-self-heating process, the first contactor 1311, the first power switch 1301, and the second power switch 1302 are kept in the off state.

[0085] The contactor is an electronic device that uses the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the coil to attract the iron core, causing the contacts to open or close, thus achieving circuit connection or disconnection. Considering high-voltage safety issues, the first contactor 1311 can be selected as a contactor that can carry the battery's self-heating current for an extended period. The first power switching device 1301 and the second power switching device 1302 can be, for example, thyristors, MOS transistors, IGBTs, SiC power switching devices, etc. Thyristors, also known as silicon thyristors, can be used in high-power applications, such as high-voltage, high-current conditions, and have low manufacturing costs.

[0086] In this embodiment, based on the connection method of the first power switch device 1301, the second power switch device 1302 and the first contactor 1311, and by controlling the contactor to engage first and then controlling the power switch device to turn on when the switch module 130 needs to be turned on for self-heating, the control module 140 effectively avoids the problem of contactor sintering caused by contactor engagement when there is current on the neutral line.

[0087] Implementation Method Two:

[0088] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the switch module 130 includes a second switch branch, which includes a third power switch device 1303 and a fourth power switch device 1304. The third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 can be high-power switch devices, and the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 are connected in reverse series.

[0089] The control module 140 is used to control the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 to be turned on simultaneously when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, and to keep the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0090] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 are simultaneously turned off. During the non-self-heating process, the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 are kept in the off state.

[0091] It is understood that, in this embodiment, since there is no contactor in the switch module 130, extra attention needs to be paid to high voltage safety during vehicle maintenance. This embodiment, based on the first embodiment described above, ensures that the switch module 130 can be effectively turned on or off while eliminating the need for a contactor, thus effectively reducing costs.

[0092] Implementation Method 3:

[0093] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the switch module 130 includes a first switch branch, which includes a fifth power switch device 1305, a sixth power switch device 1306, and a second contactor 1312. The fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 can be high-power switch devices. The first contactor 1311 is a contactor that can carry large current for a long time. The fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 are connected in reverse parallel and then connected in series with the second contactor 1312.

[0094] The control module 140 is used to control the second contactor 1312 to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; after the second contactor 1312 engages, it controls the fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 to be turned on simultaneously, and keeps the second contactor 1312, the fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 in a conducting state during the self-heating process;

[0095] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the fifth power switch 1305 and the sixth power switch 1306 are simultaneously turned off; when the fifth power switch 1305 and the sixth power switch 1306 are turned off, the second contactor 1312 is turned off, and during the non-self-heating process, the second contactor 1312, the fifth power switch 1305 and the sixth power switch 1306 are kept in the off state.

[0096] Among them, the fifth power switching device 1305 and the sixth power switching device 1306 can be thyristors, IGBTs, etc. When using IGBTs, there is no need to set up a reverse diode, which can further reduce costs compared to the above-described embodiment one. At the same time, the second contactor 1312 also needs to be selected as a contactor that can carry the battery self-heating current for a long time.

[0097] Implementation Method Four:

[0098] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the switching module 130 includes a second switching branch, which includes a seventh power switching device 1307 and an eighth power switching device 1308. The seventh power switching device 1307 and the eighth power switching device 1308 can be high-power switching devices, and the seventh power switching device 1307 and the eighth power switching device 1308 are connected in reverse parallel.

[0099] The control module 140 is used to control the seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 to be turned on simultaneously when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; and to keep the seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 in a conducting state during the self-heating process.

[0100] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 are simultaneously turned off; during the non-self-heating process, the seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 are kept in the off state.

[0101] In this embodiment, based on embodiment three, the number of contactors is reduced. In the process of vehicle maintenance, special attention needs to be paid to high voltage safety issues. This embodiment further reduces costs based on embodiment three.

[0102] Those skilled in the art should know that, when using the above-described embodiments one to four, the online switching of the switch module 130 on the neutral line requires the use of high-current, high-power semiconductor power switching devices. Introducing high-current semiconductor power switching devices increases costs on the one hand, and on the other hand, long-term operation with current requires heat dissipation of the semiconductor power switching devices, so the heat dissipation space arrangement of the semiconductor power switching devices needs to be considered.

[0103] Therefore, this disclosure also provides the following embodiments five and six to further reduce costs.

[0104] Implementation Method 5:

[0105] In some possible implementations, based on implementations one and three, the switch module 130 further includes a third contactor 1313; the first switch branch in the switch module 130 is connected in parallel with the third contactor 1313; the power switching devices in the switch module 130 in this embodiment can all be low-power switching devices; the overcurrent capacity of the contactor in the first switch branch is less than the overcurrent capacity of the third contactor.

[0106] The control module 140 is used to, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, control the contactors in the switch module 130 other than the third contactor 1313, i.e., the contactors in the first switch branch, to engage; after the contactors in the first switch branch engage, control the power switching devices in the first switch branch to simultaneously turn on; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on, control the third contactor 1313 to engage; after the third contactor 1313 engages, control the power switching devices in the switch module 130 to simultaneously turn off; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off, control the contactors in the first switch branch to turn off; during the self-heating process, the third contactor 1313 is kept in the on state, the power switching devices in the switch module 130 are kept in the off state, and the other contactors except the third contactor 1313 are kept in the off state.

[0107] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to engage; after the contactor in the first switch branch engages, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on, the third contactor 1313 is controlled to disengage; after the third contactor 1313 disengages, the power switching devices in the switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to turn off, keeping all devices in the switch module 130 in the off state during the non-self-heating process.

[0108] Specifically:

[0109] Based on Implementation Method 1, this disclosure provides, as follows: Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as follows: Figure 7As shown, the switch module 130 includes a first switch branch and a third contactor 1313. The first switch branch includes a first power switch device 1301, a second power switch device 1302, and a first contactor 1311. The first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 in the first switch branch are connected in reverse series, then connected in series with the second contactor 1312, and finally connected in parallel with the third contactor 1313. In this fifth embodiment, the first power switch device 1301 and the second power switch device 1302 can be low-power switch devices.

[0110] Based on implementation method three, this disclosure provides, as follows: Figure 8 The diagram shown illustrates a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the switch module 130 includes a first switch branch and a third contactor 1313. The first switch branch includes a fifth power switch device 1305, a sixth power switch device 1306, and a second contactor 1312. The fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 in the first switch branch are connected in reverse parallel, then connected in series with the second contactor 1312, and finally connected in parallel with the third contactor 1313. In this fifth embodiment, the fifth power switch device 1305 and the sixth power switch device 1306 can be low-power switch devices.

[0111] In the above embodiments, when switching between the self-heating state and the non-self-heating state, the conduction time of the first switch branch is extremely short, mainly serving to clamp the voltage across the third contactor 1313 and prevent the third contactor 1313 from sintering. Therefore, the third contactor 1313 can be a contactor that can carry the battery self-heating current for a long time, while the power switching devices 1301 and 1302 in the first switch branch can be low-power power switching devices, and the contactor 1311 can be a contactor with a small overcurrent capacity, thereby saving costs.

[0112] For example, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0113] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms.

[0114] Implementation Method Six:

[0115] In some possible implementations, based on implementations two and four, the switch module 130 further includes a fourth contactor 1314; the second switch branch is connected in parallel with the fourth contactor 1314; the power switching devices in the switch module are all low-power switching devices; the overcurrent capacity of the contactor in the second switch branch is less than the overcurrent capacity of the fourth contactor;

[0116] The control module 140 is used to: simultaneously turn on the power switching devices in the second switch branch when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; control the fourth contactor 1314 to engage after the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned on; control the power switching devices in the second switch branch to turn off after the fourth contactor 1314 is engaged; and maintain the fourth contactor 1314 in the on state and the power switching devices in the second switch branch in the off state during the self-heating process.

[0117] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the second switch branch are turned on, the fourth contactor 1314 is turned off; after the fourth contactor 1314 is turned off, the power switching devices in the second switch branch are simultaneously turned off; during the non-self-heating process, all devices in the switch module 130 are kept in the off state.

[0118] Specifically:

[0119] Based on implementation method two, this disclosure provides, as follows: Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the switch module 130 includes a second switch branch and a fourth power switch device 1314. A third power switch device 1303 and a fourth power switch device 1304 are disposed on the second switch branch. The third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 are connected in reverse series on the second switch branch, and then connected in parallel with the fourth contactor 1314. In this embodiment, the third power switch device 1303 and the fourth power switch device 1304 can be low-power switch devices.

[0120] Based on implementation method four, this disclosure provides, as follows: Figure 10 The diagram shown illustrates a switch module 130 according to an exemplary embodiment, as follows: Figure 10As shown, the switch module 130 includes a second switch branch and a fourth contactor 1314. A seventh power switch device 1307 and an eighth power switch device 1308 are disposed on the second switch branch. The seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 are connected in reverse series and then in parallel with the fourth contactor 1314. In this sixth embodiment, the seventh power switch device 1307 and the eighth power switch device 1308 can be low-power switch devices.

[0121] In embodiments five and six, by using a low-power power switching device connected in parallel with the contactor, when the contactor needs to be closed or opened, the power switching device is turned on first. The power switching device can be turned on at the microsecond level, and then the contactor responds to the on or off action at the millisecond level. Since the power switching device is already turned on, the voltage across the contactor is limited. At the moment the contactor is turned on or off, the load current will preferentially pass through the power switching device, so that the contactor can be turned on or off with a load without causing the contactor to burn out. At the same time, after the contactor is reliably turned on or off, the low-power power switching device is disconnected.

[0122] Specifically, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0123] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms.

[0124] Based on the power switching devices and contactor configuration in this implementation scheme, the control module 140 can turn the contactor on or off at the millisecond level according to the preset control timing. Since it conducts a large current for a short time, a low-power power switching device can be selected, thereby greatly reducing costs, saving space, and requiring almost no heat dissipation.

[0125] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure provides a battery self-heating method, applied to a control module 140 installed in a vehicle, the method comprising:

[0126] By controlling the operating state of the inverter 110 and the operating state of the switching module 130, the switching module 130 can selectively turn on or off the self-heating circuit.

[0127] This method can be executed by the control module 140 during the vehicle's parking, charging, or driving processes.

[0128] Specifically, based on the different configurations of the switch module 130 in Embodiments 1 to 6 described above, this disclosure specifically provides the following... Figure 11 The flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment shown can be applied to the control module 140 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 3 described above, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the method includes:

[0129] S1101. Determine whether self-heating is required while driving.

[0130] Specifically, step S1101 can be determined by the control module 140 based on the current temperature of the battery pack 150.

[0131] If it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is required, proceed to steps S1102 to S1104; if it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is not required, proceed to steps S1105 to S1107.

[0132] S1102, The contactor in the control switch module 130 is engaged.

[0133] S1103, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are turned on simultaneously.

[0134] S1104. Adjust the battery self-heating current according to the battery heating requirements.

[0135] The battery heating requirement can be determined based on the current temperature of the battery pack 150, and the adjustment of the battery self-heating current can be achieved by controlling the operating state of the power switching devices in the inverter 110.

[0136] S1105. Adjust the battery self-heating target current value to zero.

[0137] It is understandable that step S1105 is performed when the battery is in a self-heating state and when it is determined in step S1101 that self-heating is not required.

[0138] S1106, The power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0139] S1107, The contactor in the control switch module 130 is disconnected.

[0140] In the above embodiments, the switch module 130 may specifically include a first switch branch, in which the power switch device and the contactor in the switch module 130 are all disposed.

[0141] In step S1105, after setting the target current value for battery self-heating to 0A, and after the actual current follows the target current value, when the counter of the triangular carrier wave of the program-controlled PWM is equal to 0 or the period value, steps S1106 and S1107 are then executed to cut off or turn on the power switching device.

[0142] It is understood that the execution of steps S1102 to S1104 and steps S1105 to S1107 must be strictly in the order of execution. For example, after confirming that step S1102 has been completed and the contactor has been successfully engaged, step S1103 is then executed; after confirming that step S1106 has been completed and all power switching devices have been disconnected, step S1107 is then executed. The following methods are similar.

[0143] Similarly, this disclosure also specifically provides, such as Figure 12 The flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment shown can be applied to the control module 140 in Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 4 described above, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the method includes:

[0144] S1201. Determine whether self-heating is required during vehicle operation.

[0145] If it is determined that vehicle self-heating is required, proceed with steps S1202 and S1203; if it is determined that vehicle self-heating is not required, proceed with steps S1204 and S1205.

[0146] S1202, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are turned on simultaneously.

[0147] S1203. Adjust the battery self-heating current according to the battery heating requirements.

[0148] S1204. Adjust the battery self-heating target current value to zero.

[0149] S1205, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0150] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides, for example Figure 13 The flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment shown can be applied to the control module 140 in Embodiment 5 above, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the method includes:

[0151] S1301. Determine whether self-heating is required during vehicle operation.

[0152] If it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is required, proceed to steps S1302 to S1307; if it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is not required, proceed to steps S1308 to S1313.

[0153] S1302, all contactors in the control switch module 130 except for the third contactor 1313 are engaged.

[0154] S1303, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are turned on simultaneously.

[0155] S1304 controls the third contactor 1313 to engage.

[0156] S1305, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0157] S1306, Control other contactors to turn off.

[0158] S1307. Adjust the battery self-heating current according to the battery heating requirements.

[0159] S1308, Adjust the battery self-heating target current value to zero.

[0160] S1309, Control the engagement of other contactors.

[0161] S1310 and the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are turned on simultaneously.

[0162] S1311, Control the third contactor 1313 to turn off.

[0163] S1312, The power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0164] S1313, Control other contactors to turn off.

[0165] In this embodiment, the switch module 130 may specifically include a first switch branch. Except for the third contactor 1313, all other contactors and power switching devices in the switch module 130 are disposed on the first switch branch, and the third contactor 1313 is connected in parallel to the first switch branch.

[0166] Specifically, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0167] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms. Furthermore, this disclosure also provides... Figure 14 The flowchart illustrating a battery self-heating method according to an exemplary embodiment shown can be applied to the control module 140 in Embodiment Six above, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the method includes:

[0168] S1401. Determine whether self-heating is required during vehicle operation.

[0169] If it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is required, proceed to steps S1402 to S1405; if it is determined that the vehicle self-heating is not required, proceed to steps S1406 to S1409.

[0170] S1402, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned on.

[0171] S1403 controls the fourth contactor 1314 to engage.

[0172] S1404, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0173] S1405. Adjust the battery self-heating current according to the battery heating requirements.

[0174] S1406. Adjust the battery self-heating target current value to zero.

[0175] S1407, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are turned on simultaneously.

[0176] S1408, control the fourth contactor 1314 to turn off.

[0177] S1409, the power switching devices in the control switch module 130 are simultaneously turned off.

[0178] In this embodiment, the switch module 130 may specifically include a second switch branch. Except for the fourth contactor 1314, all other contactors and power switching devices in the switch module 130 are disposed on the second switch branch, and the fourth contactor 1314 is connected in parallel to the second switch branch.

[0179] Specifically, when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms; and / or,

[0180] When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module 130 is less than 50ms. Figure 15 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1500 according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the electronic device 1500 may include a processor 1501 and a memory 1502. The electronic device 1500 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 1503, an input / output (I / O) interface 1504, and a communication component 1505.

[0181] The processor 1501 controls the overall operation of the electronic device 1500 to complete all or part of the steps in the aforementioned battery self-heating method. The memory 1502 stores various types of data to support the operation of the electronic device 1500. This data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 1500, and application-related data such as contact data, sent and received messages, pictures, audio, video, etc. The memory 1502 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. Multimedia component 1503 may include a screen and an audio component. The screen may be, for example, a touchscreen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 1502 or transmitted via communication component 1505. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. I / O interface 1504 provides an interface between processor 1501 and other interface modules, such as a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual or physical buttons. Communication component 1505 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 1500 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IoT, eMTC, or other 5G technologies, or combinations thereof, is not limited here. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 1505 may include: a Wi-Fi module, a Bluetooth module, an NFC module, etc.

[0182] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 1500 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the battery self-heating method described above.

[0183] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is also provided, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the battery self-heating method described above. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the memory 1502 including program instructions described above, which may be executed by the processor 1501 of the electronic device 1500 to complete the battery self-heating method described above.

[0184] Figure 16 This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle 1600 according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the vehicle 1600 includes a battery self-heating system 100. The control module 140 within this system 100 can also be used to execute all or part of the steps in the aforementioned battery self-heating method. Those skilled in the art should understand that, in specific implementations, the vehicle 1600 also includes other components. Figure 16 Only the parts relevant to the embodiments of this disclosure are shown; other necessary vehicle components are not shown one by one.

[0185] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0186] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0187] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery self-heating system, characterized in that, The battery self-heating system includes an inverter, a multi-phase motor, a switching module, a control module, and a battery pack; the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the multi-phase motor is connected to the series connection point of the first battery pack and the second battery pack through a neutral line, and the switching module is disposed on the neutral line; The control module is electrically connected to the inverter and the switching module. The switching module includes a first switching branch and a third contactor. The first switching branch includes a first power switching device, a second power switching device, and a first contactor. The first power switching device and the second power switching device are connected in reverse series and then connected in series with the first contactor. The first switching branch is connected in parallel with the third contactor. The current-carrying capacity of the contactor in the first switching branch is less than that of the third contactor. The battery pack, the switch module, the inverter, and the multiphase motor form a self-heating circuit, wherein the switch module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off. The control module is used to control the operating state of the inverter and the operating state of the switching module, enabling the switching module to selectively turn on or off the self-heating circuit during vehicle operation. Specifically, during vehicle operation, the control module controls the on / off state of the switching module, including: When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to engage; after the contactor in the first switch branch engages, and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on, the third contactor is controlled to disengage; after the third contactor disengages, and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned off; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to turn off; during the non-self-heating process, all devices in the switch module are kept in the off state; when switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the conduction time of the power switching devices in the switch module is less than 50ms.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is used to: control the contactor in the first switch branch to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; control the power switching devices in the first switch branch to turn on simultaneously after the contactor in the first switch branch engages; control the third contactor to engage after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on; control the power switching devices in the switch module to turn off simultaneously after the third contactor engages; control the contactor in the first switch branch to turn off after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off; and maintain the third contactor in the on state, the power switching devices in the first switch branch in the off state, and the contactor in the first switch branch in the off state during the self-heating process.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms.

4. The system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The control module is used to control the power switching device in the switching module to turn on or off when the current in the neutral line crosses zero during the switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state.

5. A battery self-heating system, characterized in that, The battery self-heating system includes an inverter, a multi-phase motor, a switching module, a control module, and a battery pack; the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the multi-phase motor is connected to the series connection point of the first battery pack and the second battery pack through a neutral line, and the switching module is disposed on the neutral line; The control module is electrically connected to the inverter and the switching module. The switching module includes a first switching branch and a third contactor. The first switching branch includes a first power switching device, a second power switching device, and a first contactor. The first power switching device and the second power switching device are connected in reverse parallel and then connected in series with the first contactor. The first switching branch is connected in parallel with the third contactor. The current-carrying capacity of the contactor in the first switching branch is less than that of the third contactor. The battery pack, the switch module, the inverter, and the multiphase motor form a self-heating circuit, wherein the switch module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off. The control module is used to control the operating state of the inverter and the operating state of the switching module, enabling the switching module to selectively turn on or off the self-heating circuit during vehicle operation. Specifically, during vehicle operation, the control module controls the on / off state of the switching module, including: When switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to engage; after the contactor in the first switch branch engages, and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned on; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on, the third contactor is controlled to disengage; after the third contactor disengages, and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero, the power switching devices in the first switch branch are simultaneously turned off; after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off, the contactor in the first switch branch is controlled to turn off; during the non-self-heating process, all devices in the switch module are kept in the off state; when switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state, the conduction time of the power switching devices in the switch module is less than 50ms.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control module is used to: control the contactor in the first switch branch to engage when switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state; control the power switching devices in the first switch branch to turn on simultaneously after the contactor in the first switch branch engages; control the third contactor to engage after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on; control the power switching devices in the switch module to turn off simultaneously after the third contactor engages; control the contactor in the first switch branch to turn off after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off; and maintain the third contactor in the on state, the power switching devices in the first switch branch in the off state, and the contactor in the first switch branch in the off state during the self-heating process.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state, the on-time of the power switching device in the switching module is less than 50ms.

8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The control module is used to control the power switching device in the switching module to turn on or off when the current in the neutral line crosses zero during the switching from a non-self-heating state to a self-heating state.

9. A method for self-heating a battery, characterized in that, The method, applied to the battery self-heating system of claim 1 or 5, comprises: By controlling the operating state of the inverter and the operating state of the switching module, the switching module can selectively turn the self-heating circuit on or off during vehicle operation. The switching module is located on the neutral line of the multi-phase motor, which is connected to the series connection point of the first and second battery packs via the neutral line. The switching module includes a first switching branch and a third contactor. The first switching branch includes a first power switching device, a second power switching device, and a first contactor. The first and second power switching devices are connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel and then connected in series with the first contactor. The first switching branch is connected in parallel with the third contactor. The current-carrying capacity of the contactor in the first switching branch is less than that of the third contactor. During vehicle operation, the switching module is controlled... The switching mechanism includes: controlling the contactor in the first switch branch to engage when switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state; controlling the power switching devices in the first switch branch to simultaneously turn on after the contactor in the first switch branch engages and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero; controlling the third contactor to disengage after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned on; controlling the power switching devices in the first switch branch to simultaneously turn off after the third contactor disengages and when the current in the neutral line crosses zero; controlling the contactor in the first switch branch to turn off after all the power switching devices in the first switch branch are turned off; maintaining all devices in the switch module in the off state during the non-self-heating process; and ensuring that the on-time of the power switching devices in the switch module is less than 50ms when switching from a self-heating state to a non-self-heating state.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a battery self-heating system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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