Temporal and spatial combination calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space

Abstract

The present application provides a spatial-temporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, including: dividing the target area into different water conservancy zones, and obtaining real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone; calculating the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; determining the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle; determining the design rainfall in different control periods based on the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient; determining the rainstorm process scaling coefficient based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall; and obtaining the design rainstorm process of the zone based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient. The present application avoids the uneven distribution of rainstorm characteristics in the design area in the design rainstorm distribution, enhances the accuracy of the design rainstorm calculation, and can provide scientific support for engineering safety design and disaster risk reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flood control and drainage in plains, and relates to a design rainstorm calculation method, and in particular to a time-space combination calculation method for design rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global warming and accelerated urbanization, extreme rainstorms have occurred frequently around the world, significantly affecting water security and sustainable development. Large-scale floods, mountain torrents, urban waterlogging, etc., not only threaten the safety of people’s lives and property, but may also paralyze lifelines such as transportation and electricity, thus affecting social order and stability.

[0003] Heavy rain and flood disasters are becoming increasingly severe and frequent, posing new challenges to the planning, design, construction, early warning and dispatch of flood drainage and flood control systems. Designing heavy rain is an important basis for reducing disaster risks and formulating scientific disaster prevention and mitigation plans, and has become a hot spot and difficulty in the field of meteorological disaster research. If the design heavy rain is not selected appropriately, the error will be relatively large, which will directly affect the safety of the project and the total investment.

[0004] Therefore, in the existing flood drainage and waterlogging management technology, the error caused by inappropriate selection of design rainstorms will be relatively large, which will directly affect the project safety and total investment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of this application is to provide a method for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of designed rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, which is used to solve the problem that in the prior art, the error caused by inappropriate selection of designed rainstorms in flood drainage and waterlogging management is relatively large, which in turn directly affects the safety of the project and the total investment, as well as to solve the technical problem of complex spatiotemporal combination of designed rainstorms caused by uneven terrain space in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, in the first aspect, the present application provides a spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space, comprising the following steps: dividing the target area into different water conservancy zones, and obtaining real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone; calculating the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; determining the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle; determining the design rainfall for different control periods based on the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall; determining the rainstorm process scaling coefficient based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall; and obtaining the partitioned design rainstorm process based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient.

[0007] In an implementation of the first aspect, dividing the target area into different water conservancy zones, and obtaining real-time rainfall information data for each water conservancy zone includes the following steps: dividing the target area into a number of river basins, regions and water conservancy zones step by step according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the target area; selecting a typical rainfall representative station based on the water conservancy zone, and collecting real-time rainfall information data of each of the typical rainfall representative stations; wherein the rainfall information data includes: any one or more combinations of rainfall, precipitation type, precipitation intensity, start time and end time.

[0008] In an implementation of the first aspect, calculating the real-time rainfall in different water conservancy zones in different control periods based on the rainfall information data includes the following steps: calculating the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zones by arithmetic mean method based on the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorms and the control period; calculating the average daily rainfall in the river basin and the average daily rainfall in the region based on the area weighted method; and determining the real-time rainfall in the river basin, the region and the water conservancy zone according to different control periods.

[0009] In an implementation of the first aspect, the calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zone is:

[0010]

[0011] in, It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; P j It is represented by the daily rainfall of the jth rainfall station in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; n is represented by the number of rainfall stations in the water conservancy zone, unit: number;

[0012] The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the basin is:

[0013]

[0014] The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the area is:

[0015]

[0016] in, It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the basin, unit: mm; F ​​is expressed as the basin area, unit: km 2 ;n k It is expressed as the number of water conservancy divisions included in the basin, unit: piece; It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; f i Expressed as the area of ​​the ith water conservancy zone, unit: km 2 ;P m It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the region, unit: mm; Fr is expressed as the area of ​​the region, unit: km 2 ;ns It is expressed as the number of water conservancy divisions included in the region, unit: piece.

[0017] In an implementation of the first aspect, according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle, determining the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient includes the following steps: determining the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient according to the design partition, corresponding partition, and corresponding area allocation principle; the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient calculation formula is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, n i It is expressed as the time allocation coefficient of the corresponding water conservancy zone; Pi is expressed as the daily average rainfall of the corresponding water conservancy zone; P r Expressed as the average daily rainfall in the design area.

[0020] In an implementation of the first aspect, determining the design rainfall for different control periods based on the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall includes the following steps: according to the maximum rainfall frequency analysis and planning results of the control period, the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall is multiplied by the design rainfall in the control period of the corresponding water conservancy zone to calculate the design rainfall for the corresponding water conservancy zone; and calculating the design rainfall for different control periods based on the time period design rainfall and area-weighted average reduction calculation of the design area and design zone.

[0021] In an implementation of the first aspect, the calculation formula for the design rainfall in the corresponding water conservancy zone control period is:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, X kn,t It is expressed as the design rainfall of the corresponding area in period t, unit: mm; X k,t It is expressed as the design rainfall of the basin in period t, unit: mm; F ​​is expressed as the basin area, unit: km 2 ;X km,t Expressed as the design rainfall in the design area for period t, unit: mm; F m is the total area of ​​the design area m, unit: km 2 ; F n is the area of ​​the corresponding region, unit: km 2 ;

[0024] The calculation formula also includes:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, x kmn,t It is expressed as the average design rainfall of the corresponding zone n in the design area m during the period t, in mm; X km,tExpressed as design area m, design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; F m Expressed as the total area of ​​the design area m, unit: km 2 ;x kmm,t F is the average design rainfall in design area m and design zone m during period t, unit: mm; rmm Expressed as the total area of ​​design zone m within design region m, unit: km 2 ; F rmn Expressed as the total area of ​​the corresponding partition n within the design area m, unit: km 2 ; Represented as the design area m, the corresponding partition n j , design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; For the design area m, the corresponding partition n j Area, unit: km 2 ; Represented as design area m, design partition m i , design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; Represented as design area m, design partition m i Area, unit: km 2 .

[0027] In an implementation of the first aspect, the rainstorm process scaling coefficient calculation formula is:

[0028]

[0029] in, The rainfall duration is t i-1 to i The rainfall scaling factor between ; Expressed as i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm; Expressed as a typical year t i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm.

[0030] In the second aspect, the present application provides a spatiotemporal combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, including: a regional division and acquisition module, used to divide the target area into different water conservancy zones, and obtain real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone; a data calculation module, used to calculate the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle, determine the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient; determine the design rainfall for different control periods based on the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient; determine the rainstorm process scaling coefficient based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall; a design module, used to obtain the partitioned design rainstorm process based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient.

[0031] In the last aspect, the present application provides a device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorms designed for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space, comprising: a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is connected to the memory and is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorms designed for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space executes the method for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorms designed for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space.

[0032] As described above, the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] The present application provides a method for calculating the time-space combination of design rainstorms for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space. The calculation of the design rainstorm process includes deducing the multiple time and space distributions of rainstorms under design conditions. First, the time distribution of the total amount of design rainstorms is determined according to the selected design typical year by using the method of scaling the rainstorms in different time periods with the same frequency. Then, through the distribution of the total amount of design rainstorms in the basin or region, rainstorms with equal total amount can have different regional distributions. The present application avoids the uneven distribution of rainstorm characteristics in the design area in the design rainstorm distribution, enhances the accuracy of the design rainstorm calculation, and can provide scientific support for engineering safety design and disaster risk reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Shown is a flow chart of a method for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It shows a flow chart of S11 in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It shows a generalized schematic diagram of the division of watersheds, regions, and water conservancy areas in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zoning areas under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It shows a schematic flow chart of S12 in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of actual rainfall in different control periods in area Y of a southern region of a river basin in the Yangtze River Delta according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6It shows a flow chart of S14 in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It shows a schematic diagram of the rainstorm scaling coefficients for each zone and time period in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It shows a schematic diagram of the time-period rainstorm scaling coefficient for the Y-zone in the southern region of a river basin in the Yangtze River Delta in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0043] Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a spatiotemporal combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under a multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.10 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorms designed for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Component number description

[0046] 91 Area Division and Acquisition Module

[0047] 92 Data calculation module

[0048] 93 Design Module

[0049] 101 Processor

[0050] 102 Memory

[0051] Steps S11 to S16 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0053] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0054] The following will describe in detail the spatiotemporal combination calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space provided in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , which is a flow chart of a method for calculating the time-space combination of rainstorm design in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space.

[0056] The time-space combination calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S11, divide the target area into different water conservancy zones, and obtain real-time rainfall information data for each water conservancy zone. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , respectively showing the flow diagram of S11 in the time-space combination calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zoning under multi-level space of the present invention and the generalized diagram of watershed, region and water conservancy area division in the time-space combination calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zoning under multi-level space of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the S11 comprises the following steps:

[0058] Design rainstorm is a rainstorm that is likely to occur locally and is designed for flood control and other engineering designs and meets the specified design standards. Design rainstorm is mainly used to deduce design floods. The main contents of design rainstorm calculation include: design point rainstorm of each duration, design surface rainstorm (measured by surface average rain depth), time distribution of design rainstorm, surface distribution of design rainstorm and staged design rainstorm.

[0059] S111, divide the target area into several river basins, regions and water conservancy zones step by step according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the target area.

[0060] In this embodiment, based on the multi-level theory, the target area is divided into several basins according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the basins, and each basin is divided into several regions; further, each region is divided into several different water conservancy zones according to the distribution pattern of multi-year heavy rains.

[0061] Specifically, this embodiment is explained by taking the calculation of the 50-year design rainstorm process in the Y area in the southern region of a river basin in the Yangtze River Delta as an example. For example, according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the river basin, the river basin in the target area Y area is divided into several areas (such as: divided into two areas here, namely: Area I and Area II); and then according to the distribution law of multi-year rainstorms, Area I is divided into five different water conservancy divisions: A water conservancy division, B water conservancy division, C water conservancy division, D water conservancy division and E water conservancy division; Area II is divided into two water conservancy divisions, namely: G water conservancy division and H water conservancy division. At this point, the process of dividing the target area according to the geographical distribution characteristics is completed.

[0062] S112, selecting typical rainfall representative stations based on the water conservancy divisions, and collecting real-time rainfall information data of each of the typical rainfall representative stations.

[0063] In this embodiment, typical rainfall representative stations of different water conservancy divisions in the basin are selected; rainfall data of typical rainfall representative stations are collected. The rainfall information data includes but is not limited to: rainfall, precipitation type, precipitation intensity, start time and end time. Rainfall refers to the cumulative depth of rainwater falling on the horizontal surface within a certain period of time, in mm.

[0064] Specifically, a station is selected from each of the five water conservancy zones in area I as the typical rainfall representative station in the water conservancy zone, such as: station A in water conservancy zone A is selected as the typical rainfall representative station of water conservancy zone A; station B in water conservancy zone B is selected as the typical rainfall representative station of water conservancy zone B; station C in water conservancy zone C is selected as the typical rainfall representative station of water conservancy zone C; station D in water conservancy zone D is selected as the typical rainfall representative station of water conservancy zone D, etc., and stations of all different water conservancy zones are selected in turn. Then, the rainfall data of the typical rainfall representative stations of stations A, B, C, D, E, G and H are collected respectively, and the data is used as the data basis for the next step of calculation.

[0065] S12, calculating the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data. Figure 4 , which is a schematic flow chart of S12 in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the S12 comprises the following steps:

[0066] S121, based on the spatial and temporal combination of rainstorms and the control period, the arithmetic mean method is used to calculate the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zone. Figure 5 , which is a schematic diagram showing the actual rainfall situation in different control periods in the Y area in the southern region of a certain river basin in the Yangtze River Delta according to the present invention.

[0067] In this embodiment, the spatial and temporal combination of the rainstorm and the control period are first determined, and then the daily average rainfall of the water conservancy sub-district where the typical rainfall representative station is located is calculated.

[0068] Specifically, the Y area is located in the southern part of a basin in the Yangtze River Delta. The typical year for the design rainstorm is 1999, and the design period is 15 days. Within the 15-day design period, the maximum 1-day, 3-day, 7-day, and 15-day rainfall in the A area is controlled at the same frequency once in 50 years; the maximum 15-day rainfall in the southern area is controlled at the same frequency once in 50 years. Outside the 15-day design period, the maximum 30-day rainfall in the entire basin is divided into time periods and the rainfall in the corresponding period in the southern area is controlled at the same frequency once in 50 years. Other water conservancy zones are corresponding.

[0069] As shown in the following table.

[0070] Table 1 Control period of 50-year design rainstorm in area Y of the southern region of a river basin in the Yangtze River Delta

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Please refer to Table 2 Figure 5 The contents of Table 2 are as follows:

[0074] Table 2 Actual rainfall in different control periods in the Y area of ​​the southern region of a river basin in the Yangtze River Delta (unit: mm)

[0075]

[0076] Combining Table 1 and Table 2, we can see that, for example, the rainfall in the B zone during the 1-day control period is 31.9 mm, and the rainfall during the 7-day control period is 225.0 mm; for example, the rainfall in the entire basin during the 7-day control period is 335.5 mm, etc. We can perform step-by-step calculations based on the rainfall data information in the above tables.

[0077] Specifically, the calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zone is:

[0078]

[0079] in, It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; P j It is represented by the daily rainfall at the jth rain gauge in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; n is represented by the number of rain gauges in the water conservancy zone, unit: piece.

[0080] S122, calculating the average daily rainfall in the watershed and the average daily rainfall in the region based on the area weighted method.

[0081] In this embodiment, the calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the watershed is:

[0082]

[0083] in, It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the basin, unit: mm; F ​​is expressed as the basin area, unit: km 2 ;n k It is expressed as the number of water conservancy divisions included in the basin, unit: piece; It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; f i Expressed as the area of ​​the ith water conservancy zone, unit: km 2 .

[0084] S123, determining the real-time rainfall of the watershed, the region and the water conservancy sub-district according to different control time periods.

[0085] In this embodiment, the real-time rainfall in each corresponding area is calculated by combining the control period and rainfall basic data in Table 1 and Table 2. The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the area is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, P m It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the region, unit: mm; Fr is expressed as the area of ​​the region, unit: km 2 ;n s It is expressed as the number of water conservancy sub-districts included in the region, unit: piece; It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; f i Expressed as the area of ​​the ith water conservancy zone, unit: km 2 .

[0088] S13. Determine the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient based on the multi-level spatial allocation principle.

[0089] In this embodiment, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle of design zones, corresponding zones, and corresponding areas.

[0090] Specifically, the calculation formula of the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, n i It is expressed as the time allocation coefficient of the corresponding water conservancy zone; Pi is expressed as the daily average rainfall of the corresponding water conservancy zone; P r Expressed as the average daily rainfall in the design area.

[0093] Table 3. Spatial distribution coefficients of rainfall in different control periods in the Y area of ​​the southern region of a basin in the Yangtze River Delta

[0094] Control period 1d 3d 7d 15d 30d A Partition 0.90 B Partition 1.05 0.95 0.92 0.92 1.06 C Partition 0.93 0.96 0.99 0.99 0.97 D Partition 0.94 1.10 1.07 1.11 1.11 E Partition 1.17 0.98 0.98 0.93 0.96 G Partition 0.89 0.96 0.99 1.00 1.02 H Partition 1.23 1.08 1.03 1.00 0.96

[0095] For example, it can be seen from Table 3 that the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall in the D water conservancy zone within the 7-day control period is 1.07, and the spatial allocation coefficient of rainfall within the 30-day control period is 1.11.

[0096] S14, determining the design rainfall for different control periods based on the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient. Figure 6 , which is a flow chart of S14 in the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the S14 comprises the following steps:

[0097] S141, based on the maximum rainfall frequency analysis and planning results during the control period, the design rainfall of the corresponding water conservancy zone is calculated by multiplying the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient by the design rainfall during the control period of the corresponding water conservancy zone.

[0098] In this embodiment, the design rainfall for the design zone period is determined based on the frequency analysis of the maximum rainfall in the period and the planning results. The design rainfall for the corresponding water conservancy zone period outside the design area is calculated by reducing the design rainfall for the period in the basin and design area by the weighted average of the area.

[0099] Specifically, the calculation formula for the design rainfall within the corresponding water conservancy zone control period is:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, X kn,t It is expressed as the design rainfall of the corresponding area in period t, unit: mm; X k,t It is expressed as the design rainfall of the basin in period t, unit: mm; F ​​is expressed as the basin area, unit: km 2 ;X km,t Expressed as the design rainfall in the design area for period t, unit: mm; F m is the total area of ​​the design area m, unit: km 2 ; F n is the area of ​​the corresponding region, unit: km 2 .

[0102] S142, calculate the design rainfall in different control periods based on the design rainfall in the design area and design zone and the weighted average reduction of the area.

[0103] In this embodiment, the design rainfall for a period of time in the corresponding area within the design area is calculated by reducing the design rainfall for the period of time and the weighted average of the area of ​​the design area and the design subarea.

[0104] Specifically, the calculation formula is:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, x kmn,t It is expressed as the average design rainfall of the corresponding zone n in the design area m during the period t, in mm; X km,t Expressed as design area m, design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; F m Expressed as the total area of ​​the design area m, unit: km 2 ;x kmm,t F is the average design rainfall in design area m and design zone m during period t, unit: mm; rmm Expressed as the total area of ​​design zone m within design region m, unit: km 2 ; F rmn Expressed as the total area of ​​the corresponding partition n within the design area m, unit: km 2 ; Represented as the design area m, the corresponding partition n j , design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; For the design area m, the corresponding partition n j Area, unit: km 2 ; Represented as design area m, design partition m i , design rainfall in period t, unit: mm; Represented as design area m, design partition m i Area, unit: km2.

[0107] Table 4. Table of spatial distribution coefficients of rainfall in different control periods in the Y area of ​​the southern region of a basin in the Yangtze River Delta

[0108] Partition project 1d 3d 7d 15d 30d A Partition Live 110.6 170.3 338.5 400.1 606.2 A Partition Partition coefficient 0.897 A Partition design 172.7 239.4 316.7 420.6 466.2 B Partition Live 87.4 157.8 361.7 431.4 714.4 B Partition Partition coefficient 1.047 0.947 0.919 0.920 1.057 B Partition design 58.2 117.2 305.2 355.4 549.4 C Partition Live 77.5 159.7 389.8 464.1 654.4 C Partition Partition coefficient 0.929 0.959 0.990 0.989 0.968 C Partition design 51.7 118.6 328.9 382.4 503.3 D Partition Live 78.0 182.9 421.3 520.7 752.8 D Partition Partition coefficient 0.935 1.098 1.070 1.110 1.114 D Partition design 52.0 135.8 355.5 428.9 578.9 E Partition Live 97.7 162.6 386.5 436.2 649.7 E Partition Partition coefficient 1.171 0.976 0.982 0.930 0.961 E Partition design 65.1 120.8 326.2 359.4 499.7 G Partition Live 31.9 67.5 225.0 268.8 487.0 G Partition Partition coefficient 0.890 0.963 0.987 1.001 1.020 G Partition design 23.5 49.8 172.7 206.1 514.1 H Partition Live 44.1 75.6 234.2 268.3 456.8 H Partition Partition coefficient 1.230 1.078 1.027 0.999 0.957 H Partition design 32.4 55.8 179.7 205.8 482.2

[0109] Combined with Table 4, it can be seen that the actual rainfall, distribution coefficient, and design rainfall of water conservancy zone A are all displayed and can be compared within the same control period.

[0110] S15, determining a rainstorm process scaling factor based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall. Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the rainstorm scaling coefficients for each zone and time period in the spatiotemporal combination calculation method for rainstorm design in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0111] In this embodiment, the rainstorm process scaling coefficient is determined according to the relationship between the designed rainstorm amount and the actual rainfall amount.

[0112] Specifically, the calculation formula of the rainstorm process scaling coefficient is:

[0113]

[0114] in, The rainfall duration is t i-1 to i The rainfall scaling factor between ; Expressed as i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm; Expressed as a typical year t i The amount of heavy rainfall in the time period, unit: mm.

[0115] Table 5 Statistics of rainstorm scaling coefficients for each zone and time period

[0116] Partition 1d 2d~3d 4d~7d 8d~15d 16d~30d River Basin 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 Southern Region 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.58 A Partition 1.56 1.12 0.46 1.69 0.22 B Partition 0.67 0.84 0.92 0.72 0.69 C Partition 0.67 0.81 0.91 0.72 0.64 D Partition 0.67 0.80 0.92 0.74 0.65 E Partition 0.67 0.86 0.92 0.67 0.66 Northern Region 0.74 0.74 0.78 0.76 1.43 F Partition 0.74 0.74 0.78 0.76 1.41 G Partition 0.74 0.74 0.78 0.76 1.47

[0117] S16, obtaining a zoned design rainstorm process based on the rainstorm process scaling factor. Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of the time period torrential rain scaling coefficient for the Y-zone in the southern region of a certain river basin in the Yangtze River Delta in the spatiotemporal combination calculation method for torrential rain designed for different water conservancy zoning under multi-level space of the present invention.

[0118] In this embodiment, the torrential rain process is scaled at the same frequency according to the torrential rain process scaling coefficient to obtain the zoned design torrential rain process.

[0119] Specifically, the daily design rainfall calculation formula is:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, P s,j Expressed as the design rainfall on the jth day, unit: mm; Expressed as the rainstorm process scaling factor; P d,j It is expressed as the rainfall on the jth day of a typical year, unit: mm.

[0122] The spatiotemporal combined calculation method for design rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space provided in this application effectively enhances the accuracy of design rainstorm calculations.

[0123] The protection scope of the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space described in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the execution order of the steps listed in this embodiment. All solutions implemented by adding, reducing or replacing steps in the prior art based on the principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0124] This embodiment further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the following is achieved: Figure 1 The spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under the multi-level space is described.

[0125] At any possible level of technical detail combination, the present application may be a system, method and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present application.

[0126] Computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. Computer readable storage medium can be, for example, (but not limited to) an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer readable storage medium include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, for example, a punch card or a convex structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination thereof. The computer readable storage medium used here is not interpreted as a transient signal itself, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagated by a waveguide or other transmission medium (for example, a light pulse by an optical fiber cable), or an electrical signal transmitted by a wire.

[0127] The computer-readable program described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device through a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives a computer-readable program instruction from the network, and forwards the computer-readable program instruction for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device. The computer program instruction for performing the operation of the present application can be an assembly instruction, an instruction set architecture (ISA) instruction, a machine instruction, a machine-related instruction, a microcode, a firmware instruction, a state setting data, an integrated circuit configuration data, or a source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, wherein the programming language includes an object-oriented programming language, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and a procedural programming language, such as "C" language or similar programming language. Computer readable program instructions can be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a computer, or completely on a computer or server. In the case of a computer, the computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet). In some embodiments, by using the state information of computer readable program instructions to personalize electronic circuits, such as programmable logic circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), the electronic circuits can execute computer readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present application.

[0128] An embodiment of the present application also provides a spatiotemporal combined calculation system for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space. The spatiotemporal combined calculation system for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space can implement the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space described in the present application. However, the implementation device of the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space described in the present application includes but is not limited to the structure of the spatiotemporal combined calculation system for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space listed in the present embodiment. All structural deformations and replacements of the prior art made according to the principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0129] The spatiotemporal combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space provided by this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the diagrams.

[0130] This embodiment provides a time-space combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, including:

[0131] See also Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a time-space combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 As shown, the spatiotemporal combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space includes: a regional division and acquisition module 91, a data calculation module 92, and a design module 93.

[0132] The area division and acquisition module 91 is used to divide the target area into different water conservancy zones and obtain real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone.

[0133] In this embodiment, the target area is divided into different water conservancy zones, and real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone is obtained.

[0134] Firstly, according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the target area, the target area is divided into several river basins, regions and water conservancy zones step by step.

[0135] Based on the multi-level theory, the target area is divided into several basins according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the basin, and each basin is divided into several regions; further, each region is divided into several different water conservancy zones according to the distribution pattern of multi-year heavy rains.

[0136] Specifically, the watershed in the target area Y is divided into several regions according to the geographical distribution characteristics of the watershed; and then each region is divided into several different water conservancy divisions according to the distribution pattern of heavy rains over the years.

[0137] Typical rainfall representative stations are selected based on the water conservancy zoning, and real-time rainfall information data of each typical rainfall representative station is collected.

[0138] In this embodiment, typical rainfall representative stations of different water conservancy divisions in the basin are selected, and rainfall data of typical rainfall representative stations are collected, wherein the rainfall information data includes but is not limited to: rainfall, precipitation type, precipitation intensity, start time and end time.

[0139] The data calculation module 92 is connected to the area division and acquisition module 91, and is used to calculate the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; determine the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle; determine the design rainfall in different control periods based on the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient; determine the rainstorm process scaling coefficient based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall.

[0140] In this embodiment, the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones is calculated based on the rainfall information data, that is, the daily average rainfall in the water conservancy zones is calculated using the arithmetic mean method based on the temporal and spatial combination of the rainstorm and the control period.

[0141] Specifically, the spatial and temporal combination of rainstorms and the control period are first determined, and then the daily average rainfall in the water conservancy district where the typical rainfall representative station is located is calculated.

[0142] The average daily rainfall in the watershed and the average daily rainfall in the region are calculated based on the area weighted method, that is, the real-time rainfall in the watershed, the region and the water conservancy sub-region is determined according to different control periods.

[0143] According to the multi-level spatial allocation principle, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined. That is, according to the multi-level spatial allocation principle of design partition, corresponding partition and corresponding area, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined.

[0144] The design rainfall for different control periods is determined based on the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient. That is, the design rainfall for the control period of the corresponding water conservancy zone is calculated based on the maximum rainfall frequency analysis and planning results of the control period.

[0145] Specifically, the design rainfall for the design zone period is determined based on the frequency analysis of the maximum rainfall in the period and the planning results. The design rainfall for the corresponding water conservancy zone period outside the design area is calculated based on the weighted average reduction of the design rainfall for the period of the basin and design area and the area. The design rainfall for the period of the design area and design zone is calculated based on the weighted average reduction of the design rainfall for the period and the area.

[0146] In this embodiment, the design rainfall for a period of time in the corresponding area within the design area is calculated by reducing the design rainfall for the period of time and the weighted average of the area of ​​the design area and the design subarea.

[0147] The scaling factor of the rainstorm process is determined based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall, that is, the scaling factor of the rainstorm process is determined according to the relationship between the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall.

[0148] The design module 93 is used to obtain a zoned designed rainstorm process based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient.

[0149] In this embodiment, the torrential rain process is scaled at the same frequency according to the torrential rain process scaling coefficient to obtain the zoned design torrential rain process.

[0150] The spatiotemporal combination calculation model for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space establishes a spatiotemporal combination calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space. This can avoid the uneven distribution of rainstorm characteristics in the design area in the design rainstorm distribution, enhance the accuracy of the design rainstorm calculation, provide scientific support for engineering safety design and reduce disaster risks, and also solve the problem of complex spatiotemporal combination of design rainstorms caused by uneven terrain space in the existing technology.

[0151] It should be noted that it should be understood that the division of the various modules of the above system is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated. And these modules can all be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. For example, the x module can be a separately established processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the above system for implementation. In addition, it can also be stored in the memory of the above system in the form of program code, and called and executed by a certain processing element of the above system. The implementation of other modules is similar. In addition, these modules can be fully or partially integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element described here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each module above can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or instructions in the form of software.

[0152] The above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or one or more digital signal processors (DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). For another example, when a module is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can call program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0153] See also Fig.10 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a time-space combined calculation device for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space in one embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10As shown, this embodiment provides a device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space, and the device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space includes: a processor 101 and a memory 102; the memory 102 is used to store computer programs; the processor 101 is connected to the memory 102, and is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 102, so that the device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space performs each step of the spatiotemporal combination calculation method for rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space as described above.

[0154] Preferably, the memory may include a random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0155] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0156] In summary, the spatiotemporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space provided by this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0157] This application provides a method for calculating the time-space combination of design rainstorms for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space. The calculation of the design rainstorm process includes the deduction of multiple time and space distributions of rainstorms under design conditions. First, the time distribution of the total amount of design rainstorms is determined according to the selected design typical year by using the method of scaling the rainstorms in different time periods with the same frequency. Then, through the distribution of the total amount of design rainstorms in the basin or region, rainstorms with equal total amount can have different regional distributions. This application improves the uniformity of the distribution of rainstorm characteristics in the design area in the design rainstorm distribution, enhances the accuracy of the design rainstorm calculation, and can provide scientific support for engineering safety design and disaster risk reduction.

[0158] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial and temporal combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Divide the target area into different water conservancy zones and obtain real-time rainfall information data for each water conservancy zone; Calculate the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; According to the multi-level spatial allocation principle, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined; including: according to the design partition, corresponding partition, and corresponding regional allocation principle, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined; the calculation formula of the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is: Among them, n i It is expressed as the time allocation coefficient of the corresponding water conservancy zone; Pi is expressed as the daily average rainfall of the corresponding water conservancy zone; P r It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the design area; Determining the design rainfall for different control periods based on the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient; The rainstorm process scaling factor is determined based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall; the rainstorm process scaling factor calculation formula is: in, The rainfall duration is t i-1 to i The rainfall scaling factor between ; Expressed as i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm; Expressed as a typical year t i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm; A zoned designed rainstorm process is obtained based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient.

2. The time-space combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Dividing the target area into different water conservancy zones and obtaining real-time rainfall information data for each water conservancy zone includes the following steps: According to the geographical distribution characteristics of the target area, the target area is divided into several river basins, regions and water conservancy zones step by step; Selecting typical rainfall representative stations based on the water conservancy divisions, and collecting real-time rainfall information data of each typical rainfall representative station; The rainfall information data includes any one or more combinations of rainfall amount, rainfall type, rainfall intensity, start time and end time.

3. The time-space combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculating the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data includes the following steps: Based on the spatial and temporal combination of rainstorms and the control period, the arithmetic mean method is used to calculate the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zone; The basin average daily rainfall and regional average daily rainfall were calculated based on the area weighted method; The real-time rainfall of the basin, the region and the water conservancy division is determined according to different control time periods.

4. The time-space combined calculation method for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the water conservancy zone is: in, It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; P j It is represented by the daily rainfall of the jth rainfall station in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; n is represented by the number of rainfall stations in the water conservancy zone, unit: number; The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the basin is: The calculation formula for the average daily rainfall in the area is: in, It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the basin, unit: mm; F ​​is expressed as the basin area, unit: km 2 ;n k It is expressed as the number of water conservancy divisions included in the basin, unit: piece; It is expressed as the average rainfall of the i-th day in the water conservancy zone, unit: mm; f i Expressed as the area of ​​the ith water conservancy zone, unit: km 2 ;P m It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the region, unit: mm; Fr is expressed as the area of ​​the region, unit: km 2 ;n s It is expressed as the number of water conservancy divisions included in the region, unit: piece.

5. A time-space combined calculation system for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, characterized in that: include: The regional division and acquisition module is used to divide the target area into different water conservancy zones and obtain the real-time rainfall information data of each water conservancy zone; A data calculation module, used to calculate the real-time rainfall in different control periods of different water conservancy zones based on the rainfall information data; According to the multi-level spatial allocation principle, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined; including: according to the design partition, corresponding partition, and corresponding regional allocation principle, the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is determined; the calculation formula of the rainfall spatial allocation coefficient is: Among them, n i It is expressed as the time allocation coefficient of the corresponding water conservancy zone; Pi is expressed as the daily average rainfall of the corresponding water conservancy zone; P r It is expressed as the average daily rainfall in the design area; The design rainfall for different control periods is determined based on the rainfall spatial distribution coefficient; the rainstorm process scaling coefficient is determined based on the design rainfall and the real-time rainfall; the rainstorm process scaling coefficient calculation formula is: in, The jth day is within the design control period and the tth day is i-1 to i The rainfall scaling factor between ; Expressed as i Design rainfall for the time period, unit: mm; Expressed as a typical year t i The amount of heavy rainfall in the time period, unit: mm; A design module is used to obtain a zoned design rainstorm process based on the rainstorm process scaling coefficient.

6. A time-space combination calculation device for designing rainstorms in different water conservancy zones under multi-level space, characterized in that: include: Processor and memory; The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is connected to the memory and is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the device for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space can execute the method for calculating the spatiotemporal combination of rainstorm designs for different water conservancy zones in a multi-level space as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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