A deep-sea plume treatment device and method based on flocculation spraying

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep-sea plume treatment device and method based on flocculation spraying, which includes a flocculant spraying unit, a flocculant conveying unit, a flocculant preparation unit and a control system. The flocculant spraying unit includes a propeller, a hollow shaft motor and a U-shaped mounting frame. The U-shaped mounting frame is horizontally arranged with the open side facing backward. There are three groups of propellers. Two groups of propellers are arranged on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting frame, and the other group of propellers is arranged on the front side of the U-shaped mounting frame. Each group of propellers includes at least two propellers, and spraying holes are provided on the blades of the propellers. The flocculant preparation unit includes a flocculant dissolution tank and a flocculant temporary storage tank. The flocculant temporary storage tank is connected to each propeller through the flocculant conveying unit. The present invention sprays the flocculant around the ore truck sampling head in a spiral manner to generate a flocculent structure to cement sediment particles, accelerate sedimentation, reduce sediment diffusion, enable the flocculant to be fully mixed with the plume, and accelerate the flocculation of particles into clusters for sedimentation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of submarine environment governance, and particularly relates to a deep-sea plume governance device and method based on flocculation spraying. Background Art

[0002] The 21st century is the century of the ocean. The ocean contains rich mineral resources. The proven deep-sea polymetallic minerals are as high as 3 trillion tons, including many metal elements scarce on land, such as cobalt, manganese, nickel, titanium, etc. Due to the characteristics of low temperature and high pressure in the deep sea, the polymetallic nodules are mainly round in shape, with diameters mainly ranging from 2 cm to 8 cm. Hydraulic ore collection is the most commercially promising deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining method. However, in the deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining, the high-speed water jet sprayed by the hydraulic ore collection head impacts the polymetallic nodules and the seabed, which will violently disturb the deep-sea sediments, causing the sediments to be suspended again to form a plume, damaging the seabed environment and affecting the biological abundance. This has also become one of the main factors restricting deep-sea mineral mining, and currently, there is no effective means in the world to inhibit the generation and diffusion of the plume.

[0003] The experimental results show that the flocculant is pre-dissolved in water to form a flocculation slurry, and then the flocculation slurry is sprayed at high speed through a jet nozzle. While it impacts the in-situ deep-sea soil and stirs up a plume, physical and chemical processes such as coagulation adsorption and precipitation occur simultaneously, causing the sediment particles to quickly coagulate into groups and accelerate sedimentation. Among them, the flocculant is a high-efficiency inorganic flocculant commonly used in drinking water, industrial water, and sewage treatment, with a large market scale and low usage cost. Therefore, the existing technology urgently needs to be further improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technology, an object of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea plume governance device based on flocculation spraying, which solves the problems of high plume concentration, fast diffusion speed, wide range, difficult sedimentation for a long time, and great difficulty in repairing the damage to the seabed ecology around the collection head of a deep-sea mining vehicle.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A deep-sea plume governance device based on flocculation spraying includes a flocculation liquid spraying unit, a flocculation liquid conveying unit, a flocculation liquid preparation unit, and a control system. The flocculation liquid spraying unit includes a propeller, a hollow shaft motor, and a U-shaped mounting frame arranged around the ore collection head of the mining vehicle. The U-shaped mounting frame is horizontally arranged with the opening side facing backward.

[0007] There are three groups of the propellers. Two of the groups of propellers are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting frame, and the other group of propellers is arranged on the front side of the U-shaped mounting frame. Each group of propellers includes at least two propellers, and each propeller blade is provided with spraying holes. The hollow shaft motor can drive the propellers to rotate.

[0008] The flocculant solution preparation unit includes a flocculant dissolution tank and a flocculant solution temporary storage tank. An input pipe is provided at the top of the flocculant dissolution tank. The input pipe can be connected to the flocculant storage device of the surface mother ship. The flocculant dissolution tank is connected to the inlet end pipeline of the flocculant solution temporary storage tank through an electromagnetic pump.

[0009] Stirring mechanisms are provided inside both the flocculant dissolution tank and the flocculant solution temporary storage tank. The outlet end of the flocculant solution temporary storage tank is connected and communicated with the other ends of each hollow shaft through a flocculant solution conveying unit.

[0010] Further, two support arms are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides at the rear end of the U-shaped mounting frame. The lower end of the support arm is fixedly connected to the U-shaped mounting frame as a whole, and the upper end can be fixedly connected to the front side of the mining vehicle.

[0011] Further, the propellers in the same group are linearly arranged at intervals on the outside of the U-shaped mounting frame. Each propeller is equipped with a hollow shaft motor, and the hollow shaft motor is fixedly installed inside the U-shaped mounting frame.

[0012] The propeller is fixedly and hermetically sleeved on one end of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor. A plurality of spraying holes are provided on each blade. The spraying holes on the same blade are arranged at intervals along the normal direction of the propeller on the back water surface of the blade, and are all communicated with the inside of the corresponding hollow shaft.

[0013] Further, a U-shaped pipe body arranged opposite to it is fixedly installed inside the U-shaped mounting frame. The outer wall of the U-shaped pipe body has connecting pipes with the same number and corresponding positions as the hollow shaft motors.

[0014] Both ends of the U-shaped pipe body are connected to the flocculant solution temporary storage tank through a flocculant solution conveying unit. Each connecting pipe is rotatably and hermetically connected to the other end of the corresponding hollow shaft through a rotary joint.

[0015] Further, both the flocculant dissolution tank and the flocculant solution temporary storage tank are sealed square boxes. The lower end of the input pipe is connected to the top of the flocculant dissolution tank, and a star-shaped discharge valve is provided at the upper end.

[0016] A first water inlet pipe is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant dissolution tank. A first solenoid valve is installed on the first water inlet pipe. The first water inlet pipe can be communicated with external seawater through a filtering device. The signal ends of the first solenoid valve and the star-shaped discharge valve are respectively communicated with the control system.

[0017] Further, there is one said stirring mechanism inside the flocculant dissolution tank, and two said stirring mechanisms arranged one above the other are provided inside the flocculant solution temporary storage tank.

[0018] The stirring mechanism includes a square frame and a servo motor. The middle parts of the left and right sides of the square frame are rotatably connected to the side walls of the box body. The servo motor is arranged on the outer wall of the box body to drive the square frame to rotate.

[0019] A set of stirring blades are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the square frame. Each set of stirring blades includes a plurality of stirring blades arranged at intervals horizontally in sequence.

[0020] Further, there are two flocculant storage tanks, which are installed side by side in front of the flocculant dissolution tank. The inlet ends of the two flocculant storage tanks are respectively connected to the outlet end of the flocculant dissolution tank through pipelines.

[0021] A second water inlet pipe is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant storage tank. An electromagnetic valve II is installed on the second water inlet pipe. The second water inlet pipe can be communicated with external seawater through the same filtering device.

[0022] Two water level sensors are arranged in the flocculant storage tank. The two water level sensors are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the flocculant storage tank. The signal ends of the water level sensors and the electromagnetic valve II are respectively communicated with the control system.

[0023] Further, the flocculant conveying unit includes a high-pressure pump and a flow distributor. The inlet end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the outlet end of the flocculant storage tank through a pipeline.

[0024] The flow distributor has one inlet end and three outlet ends. Its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the high-pressure pump through a pipeline.

[0025] Both ends of the U-shaped pipe body are respectively connected to two outlet ends of the flow distributor through a first pump delivery pipe body.

[0026] Further, another outlet end of the flow distributor is provided with a second pump delivery pipe body. The front end of the second pump delivery pipe body is connected and communicated with the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle. A booster pump is configured on the second pump delivery pipe body. The signal end of the booster pump is communicated with the control system.

[0027] Another object of the present invention is to propose a method for treating deep-sea mining plume.

[0028] A method for treating deep-sea plume, using the above-mentioned deep-sea plume treatment device based on flocculation spraying, includes the following steps:

[0029] S1, external seawater enters the flocculant dissolution tank after being filtered. The surface mother ship quantitatively transports the solid flocculant to the flocculant dissolution tank through the input pipe. The solid flocculant is fully mixed with the filtered water to dissolve and form a high-concentration flocculant solution.

[0030] S2. The filtered seawater enters the flocculant solution temporary storage tank, and the high-concentration flocculant solution is pumped into the flocculant solution temporary storage tank, further mixing fully with the seawater, and being diluted into a flocculant solution with a set concentration value in the flocculant solution temporary storage tank.

[0031] S3. The flocculant solution in the flocculant solution temporary storage tank is pumped to the flow distributor. A part of the flocculant solution enters the U-shaped pipe body through the two outlet ends of the flow distributor, and the flocculant solution in the U-shaped pipe body is sent into the hollow pipe inside the hollow shaft motor through the connecting pipe.

[0032] The hollow shaft motor starts, driving the propeller to rotate, making the plume around the collection head flow towards the inside of the U-shaped mounting frame. The flocculant solution in the hollow pipe reaches the spray holes on its surface through the channels inside the blade. Under the action of pressure, the flocculant solution is sprayed outwards in a spiral through the spray holes.

[0033] Meanwhile, another part of the flocculant solution passes through another outlet end of the flow distributor, is pressurized, and then is transported to the inside of the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle, and the flocculant solution is sprayed into the inside of the collection hood through the jet nozzle. The flocculant solution sprayed out by the jet nozzle flushes the ore, making it leave the seabed and be in a suspended state, and is collected through the suction pipeline and enters the ore temporary storage tank.

[0034] S4. The flocculant solution sprayed out through the spray holes is fully mixed with the plume to form flocs. Part of the flocs enter the collection head along with the water flow, and the remaining flocs settle to the seabed surface in the water.

[0035] The flocculant solution sprayed into the inside of the collection hood through the jet nozzle is fully mixed with the plume inside the collection hood to form flocs, and is pumped to the ore temporary storage tank along with the ore, and is discharged and settled to the seabed surface after being processed.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: In view of the characteristics of high concentration and fast spreading speed of the plume around the ore collection head of the deep-sea mining vehicle, on the one hand, by spraying flocculant around the ore collection head of the mining vehicle, flocculent structures are generated to cement sediment particles, accelerating sedimentation. On the other hand, through the spiral pressure difference effect, the plume started around the ore collection head is gathered, reducing sediment diffusion. During the rotation of the blade, the flocculant is sprayed through the wall surface, and under the spiral stirring effect, the flocculant is fully mixed with the plume, accelerating the flocculation of particles into clusters to achieve the treatment of the plume in deep-sea mining. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a deep-sea plume treatment device based on flocculation and spraying of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A of the present invention in

[0039] Figure 3 It is a top view of a deep - sea plume treatment device based on flocculation spraying according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 is Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a part of the present invention, showing a U - shaped tube body.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flocculant dissolution tank of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flocculant liquid storage tank of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0043] The following further describes the implementation manners of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred mechanism or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Example 1, in combination with Figures 1 to 6, A deep - sea plume treatment device based on flocculation spraying, including a flocculant liquid spraying unit 1, a flocculant liquid conveying unit 2, a flocculant liquid preparation unit 3 and a control system. The flocculant liquid spraying unit 1 includes a propeller 11, a hollow - shaft motor 12 and a U - shaped mounting frame 13 arranged around the ore cart collection head. The U - shaped mounting frame 13 is horizontally arranged with the open side facing backward. On the left and right sides of the rear end of the U - shaped mounting frame 13, two support arms 14 are symmetrically provided. The lower ends of the support arms 14 are fixedly connected to the U - shaped mounting frame 13 as a whole, and the upper ends can be fixedly connected to the front side of the mining cart. The control system includes a controller. The controller uses a PLC controller which is already available in the prior art to receive data and control signals of each electric control component of the deep - sea plume treatment device, so that the execution ends of each electric control component cooperate with each other.

[0047] There are three groups of the propellers 11. Two of the groups of propellers 11 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the U - shaped mounting frame 13, and the other group of propellers 11 is arranged on the front side of the U - shaped mounting frame 13. Each group of propellers 11 includes at least two propellers 11. Specifically, the two groups of propellers 11 located on the left and right sides respectively include two propellers 11 arranged at longitudinal intervals, and the group of propellers 11 located on the front side includes five propellers 11 arranged at transverse intervals. In practical applications, the number of each group of propellers 11 is determined according to the actual size of the collection head.

[0048] Each propeller 11 includes a plurality of blades 111, and each blade 111 is provided with a plurality of spraying holes 112. The hollow - shaft motor 12 can drive the propeller 11 to rotate.

[0049] Specifically, the propellers 11 of the same group are linearly arranged at intervals on the outer side of the U - shaped mounting frame 13. Each propeller 11 is equipped with a hollow - shaft motor 12. The hollow - shaft motor 12 is fixedly installed inside the U - shaped mounting frame 13, and the hollow shaft of the hollow - shaft motor 12 passes through the U - shaped mounting frame 13 and is rotationally matched with it through a bearing.

[0050] The propeller 11 is fixedly and hermetically sleeved on one end of the hollow shaft of the hollow - shaft motor 12, and the hollow - shaft motor 12 drives the propeller 11 to rotate. Each blade 111 is provided with a plurality of spraying holes 112. The spraying holes 112 on the same blade 111 are arranged at intervals in the normal direction of the propeller 11 on the back water surface of the blade 111, and each spraying hole 112 is communicated with the inside of the corresponding hollow shaft through a channel opened inside the blade 111.

[0051] A U - shaped pipe body 4 is fixedly installed inside the U - shaped mounting frame 13 opposite to it. The outer side wall of the U - shaped pipe body 4 has connecting pipes 41 with the same number and corresponding positions as the hollow - shaft motors 12. Both ends of the U - shaped pipe body 4 are connected to the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 through the flocculant liquid conveying unit 2 by pipelines, and each connecting pipe 41 is rotationally and hermetically connected to the other end of the corresponding hollow shaft through a rotary joint.

[0052] Specifically, the fixed part of the rotary joint is fixedly and sealingly connected to the connecting pipe 41, and its rotating part is fixedly and sealingly connected to the other end of the hollow shaft. The inside of the hollow shaft of each hollow shaft motor 12 communicates with the inside of the U-shaped pipe body 4.

[0053] The flocculant preparation unit 3 includes a flocculant dissolution tank 31 and a flocculant temporary storage tank 41, both of which are sealed square boxes.

[0054] The flocculant dissolution tank 31 is arranged at the rear end of the mining vehicle. There are two flocculant temporary storage tanks 41, which are installed side by side on the left and right of the front side of the flocculant dissolution tank 31. The bottoms of the flocculant dissolution tank 31 and the flocculant temporary storage tanks 41 are fixedly connected to the frame of the mining vehicle. The top of the flocculant dissolution tank 31 is provided with an input pipe 32. The lower end of the input pipe 32 is connected to the top of the flocculant dissolution tank 31, and the upper end is provided with a star-shaped discharge valve. The star-shaped discharge valve is equipped with a motor, and the signal end of the motor is communicatively connected to the controller. The motor drives the rotor impeller inside the star-shaped discharge valve housing to rotate.

[0055] The input pipe 32 is connected to the flocculant storage device of the surface mother ship through the star-shaped discharge valve at its upper end. The star-shaped discharge valve quantitatively controls the amount of solid flocculant entering the flocculant dissolution tank 31. An inlet pipe 1 is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant dissolution tank 31, and a solenoid valve 1 is installed on the inlet pipe 1. The inlet pipe 1 can communicate with external seawater through a filtering device. The signal ends of the solenoid valve 1 and the star-shaped discharge valve are respectively communicatively connected to the controller. The filtering device uses an existing filtering device in the prior art to filter out the sediment in the seawater to obtain clean seawater for dissolving solid flocculant. The solenoid valve 1 quantitatively controls the water inflow to obtain a flocculant solution with a determined concentration value.

[0056] The flocculant dissolution tank 31 is connected to the inlet pipeline of the flocculant temporary storage tank 41 through an electromagnetic pump. Specifically, the inlet ends of the two flocculant temporary storage tanks 41 are respectively connected to the outlet pipeline of the flocculant dissolution tank 31. The high-concentration flocculant solution prepared inside the flocculant dissolution tank 31 is respectively pumped into the two flocculant temporary storage tanks 41. An inlet pipe 2 is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant temporary storage tank 41, and a solenoid valve 2 is installed on the inlet pipe 2. The inlet pipe 2 can communicate with external seawater through the same filtering device. After the external seawater is filtered, it quantitatively enters the flocculant temporary storage tank 41 under pressure to dilute the high-concentration flocculant solution and obtain a flocculant with a set concentration value.

[0057] There are two water level sensors 42 inside the flocculant liquid storage tank 41. The two water level sensors 42 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the flocculant liquid storage tank 41. The signal ends of the water level sensors 42 and the second solenoid valve are respectively connected to the control system for communication. The water level sensors 42 transmit the collected information to the controller, and the controller controls the addition amount of the high-concentration flocculant solution in the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 and the amount of seawater filtered and entering the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 through instructions.

[0058] Stirring mechanisms 5 are provided inside both the flocculant dissolution tank 31 and the flocculant liquid storage tank 41. Specifically, there is one such stirring mechanism 5 inside the flocculant dissolution tank 31, and two such stirring mechanisms 5 are arranged one above the other inside the flocculant liquid storage tank 41. The stirring mechanism 5 includes a square frame 51 and a servo motor 52. The middle parts of the left and right sides of the square frame 51 are respectively rotationally connected to the side walls of the box body, and the servo motor 52 is arranged on the outer wall of the box body to drive the square frame 51 to rotate.

[0059] A set of stirring blades 53 are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the square frame 51. Each set of stirring blades 53 includes a plurality of stirring blades 53 arranged at intervals horizontally in sequence. The output end of the servo motor 52 drives the square frame 51 to rotate around its central axis, driving the stirring blades 53 located on the square frame 51 to rotate, stirring the seawater in the box body and fully mixing it with the flocculant to obtain a uniformly concentrated flocculant liquid. When the water level reaches the position of the upper water level sensor 42, the inflow stops, and the stirring mechanism 5 in the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 starts to work. When the water level reaches the position of the lower water level sensor 42, the inflow starts, so as to ensure the continuous output of the flocculant liquid from the flocculant liquid storage tank 41.

[0060] The outlet end of the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 is connected and communicated with the other ends of each hollow shaft through the flocculant liquid conveying unit 2. The flocculant liquid conveying unit 2 includes a high-pressure pump 21 and a flow distributor 22. The inlet end of the high-pressure pump 21 is connected to the outlet end of the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 through a pipeline.

[0061] Specifically, the flow distributor 22 has one inlet end and three outlet ends, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the high-pressure pump 21 through a pipeline. Both ends of the U-shaped pipe body 4 are respectively connected to two outlet ends of the flow distributor 22 through a first pump delivery pipe body 23. During operation, the flocculant solution in the flocculant liquid storage tank 41 enters the U-shaped pipe body 4 through the high-pressure pump 21, the flow distributor 22 and the first pump delivery pipe body 23, and is then continuously sprayed externally through each propeller 11. The flocculant solution is mixed with the plume and moves towards the inner side of the U-shaped mounting frame 13 along with the water flow. A part of it enters the collection cover, and the other part forms flocs outside and settles.

[0062] The collection head of the mining vehicle is located at the front side of the vehicle body, and includes a collection cover and two rows of jet nozzles. The collection cover is a housing structure with an open bottom, and its top is connected and communicated with a suction pump arranged in the ore temporary storage box through a suction pipeline. The two rows of jet nozzles are oppositely arranged on the front and rear sides of the open bottom of the collection cover. Each row of jet nozzles includes a plurality of jet nozzles arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. Each jet nozzle is connected to the front end of the second pump delivery pipe body 24 through a jet pipe body. The flocculant solution in the second pump delivery pipe body 24 is pressurized by a booster pump 25 and then sprayed downward and inward of the collection cover through the jet nozzle. On the one hand, it is used to jet the ore, and on the other hand, it settles the plume located inside the collection cover and at the opening edge.

[0063] Another outlet end of the flow distributor 22 is provided with a second pump delivery pipe body 24. The front end of the second pump delivery pipe body 24 is connected and communicated with the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle. A booster pump 25 is configured on the second pump delivery pipe body 24. The signal end of the booster pump 25 is communicatively connected to the control system. During operation, the flocculant solution in the flocculant temporary storage tank 41 enters the inside of the jet pipe body through the high-pressure pump 21, the flow distributor 22 and the second pump delivery pipe body 24, and jets the ore through the jet nozzle together with the high-pressure water in the jet pipe body, enters the inside of the collection cover and mixes with the plume inside it, is sucked into the ore temporary storage box, and the flocs after separation are discharged to the external sedimentation.

[0064] Example 2, in combination with Figures 1 to 6 , a deep-sea plume treatment method, using the above-mentioned deep-sea plume treatment device based on flocculation spraying, includes the following steps:

[0065] S1, the external seawater enters the flocculant dissolution tank 31 after being filtered. The surface mother ship quantitatively transports the solid flocculant to the flocculant dissolution tank 31 through the input pipe 32. The solid PAC flocculant is fully mixed with the filtered water to dissolve and form a high-concentration PAC flocculant solution.

[0066] S2, the filtered seawater enters the flocculant temporary storage tank 41. The high-concentration PAC flocculant solution is pumped into the flocculant temporary storage tank 41 and further fully mixed with the seawater, and is diluted into a PAC flocculant solution with a set concentration value in the flocculant temporary storage tank 41.

[0067] S3, the PAC flocculant solution in the flocculant temporary storage tank 41 is pumped to the flow distributor 22. The flocculant passes through the two outlet ends of the flow distributor 22 and enters the U-shaped pipe body 4. The PAC flocculant solution in the U-shaped pipe body 4 is sent into the hollow pipe inside the hollow shaft motor 12 through the connecting pipe 41.

[0068] The hollow shaft motor 12 starts, driving the propeller 11 to rotate, causing the plume around the collection head to flow towards the inside of the U-shaped mounting bracket 13. The PAC flocculant solution in the hollow tube reaches the spray holes 112 on its surface through the channel inside the blade 111. Under pressure, the PAC flocculant solution is sprayed out spirally through the spray holes 112.

[0069] At the same time, after being pressurized, the PAC flocculant solution passes through another outlet end of the flow distributor 22 and is transported to the inside of the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle, and the PAC flocculant solution is sprayed into the inside of the collection hood through the jet nozzle. The flocculant solution sprayed by the jet nozzle has two functions. On the one hand, it flushes the ore located inside the collection hood, making it leave the seabed and be in a suspended state, and is collected into the ore temporary storage box through the suction pipeline. On the other hand, it is fully mixed with the plume inside the collection hood and combines with the particulate matter contained in the plume to form flocs and settle.

[0070] S4. The PAC flocculant solution sprayed out through the spray holes 112 is fully mixed with the plume to form flocs. Part of the flocs enter the collection head with the water flow, and the remaining flocs settle to the seabed surface in the water.

[0071] The flocculant solution sprayed into the inside of the collection hood through the jet nozzle is fully mixed with the plume inside the collection hood to form flocs, and is pumped to the ore temporary storage box together with the ore, and after being processed, it is discharged and settles to the seabed surface.

[0072] According to the in-situ soil flocculation precipitation experiment in the deep sea of the Philippine Basin in the Western Pacific, it is found that among the four flocculants of NPAM, CPAM, APAM, and PAC, the PAC flocculant has the best flocculation effect on the plume turbid liquids with different concentrations simulated by in-situ deep sea soil. When the PAC seawater solution is 0.75 g / L, the flocculation effect is the best, and the particulate matter settlement is basically achieved in only about 3 minutes, and the settlement rate is as high as 96%. And after being disturbed again, the structure of the flocs is stable and the settlement is rapid.

[0073] For the parts not described in the present invention, the existing technologies can be adopted or borrowed to achieve.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not exhaustive or limit the present invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thus design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific purposes.

[0075] Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating deep-sea plumes, characterized in that, It includes a flocculant spraying unit, a flocculant conveying unit, a flocculant preparation unit and a control system. The flocculant spraying unit includes a propeller, a hollow shaft motor and a U-shaped mounting frame arranged around the ore truck collection head. The U-shaped mounting frame is horizontally arranged with the open side facing backward; There are three groups of propellers. Two of the groups of propellers are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the U-shaped mounting frame, and the other group of propellers is arranged on the front side of the U-shaped mounting frame. Each group of propellers includes at least two propellers, and each propeller blade is provided with spraying holes. The hollow shaft motor can drive the propellers to rotate; The flocculant preparation unit includes a flocculant dissolution tank and a flocculant temporary storage tank. The top of the flocculant dissolution tank is provided with an input pipe, which can be connected to the flocculant storage device of the surface mother ship. The flocculant dissolution tank is connected to the inlet end of the flocculant temporary storage tank through an electromagnetic pump; Stirring mechanisms are provided inside both the flocculant dissolution tank and the flocculant temporary storage tank. The outlet end of the flocculant temporary storage tank is connected and communicated with the other ends of each hollow shaft through the flocculant conveying unit; This deep-sea plume treatment method includes the following steps: S1. The external seawater enters the flocculant dissolution tank after being filtered. The surface mother ship quantitatively transports the solid flocculant to the flocculant dissolution tank through the input pipe. The solid flocculant is fully mixed with the filtered water to dissolve and form a high-concentration flocculant solution; S2. The filtered seawater enters the flocculant temporary storage tank. The high-concentration flocculant solution is pumped into the flocculant temporary storage tank and further fully mixed with the seawater to be diluted into a flocculant solution with a set concentration value in the flocculant temporary storage tank; S3. The flocculant solution in the flocculant temporary storage tank is pumped to a flow distributor. A part of the flocculant solution enters the U-shaped pipe body through the two outlet ends of the flow distributor. The flocculant solution in the U-shaped pipe body is sent into the hollow pipe inside the hollow shaft motor through a connecting pipe; The hollow shaft motor starts, driving the propellers to rotate so that the plume around the collection head flows towards the inside of the U-shaped mounting frame. The flocculant solution in the hollow pipe reaches the spraying holes on its surface through the channels inside the propeller blades. Under the action of pressure, the flocculant solution is sprayed outwards in a spiral through the spraying holes; At the same time, another part of the flocculant solution passes through another outlet end of the flow distributor, is pressurized and then transported into the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle, and the flocculant solution is sprayed into the inside of the collection cover through a jet nozzle; S4. The flocculant solution sprayed out through the spraying holes is fully mixed with the plume to form flocs. Part of the flocs enter the collection head with the water flow, and the remaining flocs settle to the seabed surface in the water; The flocculant solution sprayed into the inside of the collection cover through the jet nozzle is fully mixed with the plume in the collection cover to form flocs, which are pumped to the ore temporary storage tank with the ore, discharged after being processed and settle to the seabed surface.

2. The method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 1, wherein Two support arms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides at the rear end of the U-shaped mounting frame. The lower end of the support arm is fixedly connected to the U-shaped mounting frame as a whole, and the upper end can be fixedly connected to the front side of the mining vehicle.

3. A deep-sea plume treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propellers in the same group are linearly arranged at intervals on the outside of the U-shaped mounting frame. Each propeller is equipped with a hollow shaft motor, and the hollow shaft motor is fixedly installed inside the U-shaped mounting frame; The propeller fixed seal sleeve is arranged at one end of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor. A plurality of spraying holes are provided on each blade. The spraying holes of the same blade are arranged at intervals in sequence along the normal direction of the propeller on the back water surface of the blade, and are all communicated with the inside of the corresponding hollow shaft.

4. The method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 3, wherein A U-shaped pipe body arranged opposite thereto is fixedly installed on the inner side of the U-shaped mounting frame. The outer side wall of the U-shaped pipe body is provided with connecting pipes having the same number and corresponding positions as the hollow shaft motors. Both ends of the U-shaped pipe body are connected to the flocculant temporary storage tank through the flocculant conveying unit by pipelines. Each connecting pipe is rotatably and sealingly connected to the other end of the corresponding hollow shaft through a rotary joint.

5. A method for treating deep-sea plumes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flocculant dissolving tank and the flocculant temporary storage tank are both sealed square boxes. The lower end of the input pipe is connected to the top of the flocculant dissolving tank, and a star-shaped discharge valve is provided at the upper end. A first water inlet pipe is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant dissolving tank. A first solenoid valve is installed on the first water inlet pipe. The first water inlet pipe can be communicated with external seawater through a filtering device. The signal ends of the first solenoid valve and the star-shaped discharge valve are respectively communicated with the control system.

6. The method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 5, characterized in that, A stirring mechanism is provided inside the flocculant dissolving tank, and two stirring mechanisms arranged one above the other are provided in the flocculant temporary storage tank. The stirring mechanism includes a square frame and a servo motor. The middle parts of the left and right sides of the square frame are respectively rotatably connected to the side walls of the box body. The servo motor is arranged on the outer wall of the box body to drive the square frame to rotate. A group of stirring blades are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the square frame. Each group of stirring blades includes a plurality of stirring blades arranged at intervals horizontally in sequence.

7. The method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are two flocculant temporary storage tanks, which are installed side by side on the front side of the flocculant dissolving tank. The inlet ends of the two flocculant temporary storage tanks are respectively connected to the outlet end of the flocculant dissolving tank through pipelines. A second water inlet pipe is provided on the outer wall of the flocculant temporary storage tank. A second solenoid valve is installed on the second water inlet pipe. The second water inlet pipe can be communicated with external seawater through the same filtering device. Two water level sensors are provided in the flocculant temporary storage tank. The two water level sensors are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the flocculant temporary storage tank. The signal ends of the water level sensors and the second solenoid valve are respectively communicated with the control system.

8. A method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 4, characterized in that The flocculant conveying unit includes a high-pressure pump and a flow distributor. The inlet end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the outlet end of the flocculant temporary storage tank through a pipeline. The flow distributor has one inlet end and three outlet ends. Its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the high-pressure pump through a pipeline. Both ends of the U-shaped pipe body are respectively connected to two outlet ends of the flow distributor through a first pump delivery pipe body.

9. The method for treating deep-sea plume according to claim 8, characterized in that, Another outlet end of the flow distributor is provided with a second pump delivery pipe body. The front end of the second pump delivery pipe body is communicated with the jet pipe body of the mining vehicle. A booster pump is configured on the second pump delivery pipe body. The signal end of the booster pump is communicated with the control system.

Images