A three-horsehead walking-beam pumping unit

Abstract

The application discloses a three-horsehead walking beam type oil pumping machine, which comprises a composite balance beam comprising a U-shaped front arm beam and a one-word-shaped rear arm beam; three horseheads respectively located at two ends of the U-shaped front arm beam and one end of the one-word-shaped rear arm beam; a support connected with the joint of the front and rear arm beams of the composite balance beam through a central bearing seat at the top; a base connected with the bottom of the support, and a hydraulic transmission device connected with the base; wherein the horseheads are connected with a driving assembly at the bottom of the oil pumping machine through suspension ropes to complete oil pumping work; the hydraulic transmission device comprises a transmission structure, a motor and a speed reducer; the transmission structure comprises a rotating disc, a connecting rod and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam is located at the middle of the one-word-shaped rear arm beam, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the rotating disc, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the cantilever beam; the motor is connected with the base, and the motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt transmission assembly. The application realizes efficient and energy-saving oil pumping work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of petroleum extraction equipment technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency and energy-saving three-head pumping unit for oilfield pumping. Background Technology

[0002] An oil pumping unit is a ground-based power transmission device that uses rods to pump oil. Its origin and use date back a long time, more than a century ago. Although there are many types and shapes of oil pumping units, the earliest and most widely used type is still the single-beam pumping unit, which still holds an absolute advantage in oil-producing countries around the world.

[0003] However, in actual use, this type of single-beam pumping unit has many problems, specifically: First, low pumping efficiency. The efficiency of a conventional single-beam pumping unit system is only 16% to 23%, and even a well-optimized conventional pumping unit system has an efficiency of less than 30%. Second, poor balancing ability. The inherent structure of the single-beam pumping unit results in poor balancing ability, large fluctuations in crank torque, significant negative torque, low load capacity, and easy breakage of the walking beam. Third, huge energy consumption. In the upstroke of the single-beam pumping unit, the motor does positive work, consuming electrical energy to lift the sucker rod and oil column together with the pumping unit head; while in the downstroke, the sucker rod falls only by its own gravity, which not only does not consume electrical energy but may also do work on the motor, putting the motor in a reverse generator state, which is prone to damage to the motor. Fourth, one set of single-beam pumping units can only drive one oil well, occupying a large area and wasting land use space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of low pumping efficiency and high energy consumption in current single-head walking beam pumping units, this invention proposes a high-efficiency and energy-saving three-head walking beam pumping unit, enabling one pumping unit to simultaneously pump oil from three wells.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a three-head walking beam pumping unit, comprising:

[0007] A composite balance beam including a U-shaped front arm beam and a straight rear arm beam;

[0008] Three donkey heads are located at both ends of the U-shaped forearm beam and one end of the straight rear arm beam, respectively.

[0009] The top is connected to the front and rear arm beams of the composite balance beam via a central bearing seat.

[0010] A base connected to the bottom of the bracket, and a hydraulic transmission device connected to the base; wherein:

[0011] The horse head is connected with the driving assembly at the bottom of the pumping unit through a suspension rope to complete the pumping work.

[0012] The hydraulic transmission device comprises a transmission structure, a motor and a speed reducer; the transmission structure comprises a rotating disc, a connecting rod and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam is located in the middle of the I-shaped rear arm beam; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the rotating disc, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the cantilever beam; the motor is connected with the base, and the motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt transmission assembly.

[0013] Further, the driving assembly is a plunger, the plunger is connected with the oil pumping pump, the plunger is vertically installed in the oil well, the plunger comprises a tubing and a sucker rod, the sucker rod is sleeved in the tubing and vertically reciprocates in the tubing.

[0014] Further, the arm length of the I-shaped rear arm beam is twice the arm length of the U-shaped front arm beam.

[0015] Further, the included angle between the rear horse head and the I-shaped rear arm beam is 90°.

[0016] Further, a beam web is added at the joint of the I-shaped rear arm beam and the U-shaped front arm beam.

[0017] Further, the central bearing seat is also connected with a tower support.

[0018] Further, an interval pumping control mechanism and a motor frequency conversion control mechanism are arranged on the pumping unit, the interval pumping control mechanism comprises an oil well oil quantity display instrument, an oil pumping rate sensor and an interval pumping operation mode control valve of each horse head.

[0019] Further, a load sensor is arranged at the end surface of each horse head.

[0020] Further, a brake device is installed on the input end shaft of the speed reducer.

[0021] Further, a suspension rope device is arranged on the suspension rope.

[0022] The beneficial effects produced by the above technical scheme are that in the three-horsehead walking beam type oil pumping machine, the three horseheads are distributed at the three vertices of an isosceles triangle, the middle rotating shaft falls on the gravity center of the triangle, the three horsehead structure is connected through the central bearing seat and the support, and the unique structure makes the oil pumping machine more stable when pumping oil by using the triangle stability principle. When the motor supplies power, the high-speed rotation of the motor is changed into the low-speed rotation of the rotating disc of the oil pumping machine through the speed reducer, and the rotating motion is changed into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the horsehead of the oil pumping machine through the rotating disc-linkage-suspension beam-composite balanced walking beam mechanism, the double horseheads complete the upstroke, and the single horsehead completes the downstroke, so as to ensure that the horseheads do not interfere with each other when working and ensure the orderly work of the horseheads. Meanwhile, the rear arm of the walking beam of the conventional single horsehead oil pumping machine is changed into a variable-diameter arc to generate a new motion relationship, overcome the "dead angle" restriction of the fixed four-bar linkage mechanism of the conventional oil pumping machine, and expand the horsehead swing angle. The three-horsehead walking beam type oil pumping machine realizes long stroke, low stroke frequency, good balance effect, small matching power, improves the system efficiency by more than 70% than the conventional machine, saves energy by more than 50%, changes the high energy consumption characteristics of the traditional petroleum industry, and has important significance for realizing the "double carbon" strategic goal of China. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a three-horsehead walking beam type oil pumping machine in the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a three-horsehead walking beam type oil pumping machine in the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] In the figure: 1, driving assembly; 2, suspension rope; 3, rope suspension device; 4, front horsehead; 5, U-shaped front arm beam; 6, web plate; 7, shaft pin; 8, central bearing seat; 9, suspension arm beam; 10, one-letter-shaped rear arm beam; 11, rear horsehead; 12, oil pumping rod; 13, oil pipe; 14, speed reducer; 15, crank; 16, balance weight; 17, rotating disc; 18, brake device; 19, connecting rod; 20, support; 21, base; 22, motor; 23, tower support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or a chronological sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] As shown in Figs. 1-2 The three-horsehead beam-pumping unit in the embodiments of the present application comprises a composite balance beam, three horseheads located on the composite balance beam, a support 20 connected to the top of the composite balance beam through a central bearing seat 8, a base 21 connected to the bottom of the support 20, and a hydraulic transmission device connected to the base 21. Wherein:

[0030] The composite balance beam comprises a U-shaped front arm beam 5 and a straight-shaped rear arm beam 10 connected through a shaft pin 7, and the combination of the front and rear arms is connected to the top of the support 20 through a central bearing seat 8. Preferably, the arm length of the straight-shaped rear arm beam 10 is twice the arm length of the U-shaped front arm beam 5.

[0031] The horse head comprises two front horse heads 4 and one rear horse head 11. The two front horse heads 4 are respectively located at two ends of a U-shaped front arm beam 5, and are connected with a driving assembly 1 at the bottom of the pumping unit through suspension ropes 2 to complete the pumping work. The suspension ropes 2 are provided with suspension rope devices 3. The rear horse head 11 is located at a straight-shaped rear arm beam 10, and is connected with the driving assembly 1 at the bottom of the pumping unit through the suspension ropes 2 to complete the pumping work. The suspension ropes 2 are provided with the suspension rope devices 3. The driving assembly 1 is a plunger, the plunger is connected with an oil pump, the plunger is vertically installed in the oil well, and the plunger comprises an oil pipe 13 and a sucker rod 12. The sucker rod 12 is sleeved in the oil pipe 13 and vertically reciprocates in the oil pipe 13. Under the driving of a motor 22, the composite balanced beam swings to convert the torque into the vertical displacement of the sucker rod 12 in the oil well, so as to drive the three sucker rods 12 of the plunger to reciprocate in the vertical oil well, so as to pump out the liquid in the oil pump and complete the pumping work. The included angle between the rear horse head 11 and the rear arm of the beam is 90°, so that the transmission angle is always 90°, and the stroke length is increased.

[0032] The hydraulic transmission device comprises a transmission structure, a motor 22, a speed reducer 14 and a crank 15. The transmission structure adopts a “turntable 17 – connecting rod 19 – cantilever beam 9” structure, instead of a traditional four-connecting-rod 19 structure, and comprises a turntable 17, a connecting rod 19 and a cantilever beam 9. The cantilever beam 9 is located at the middle part of a straight-shaped rear arm beam 10 of the composite balanced beam. One end of the connecting rod 19 is connected with the turntable 17, and the other end is connected with the cantilever beam 9. The motor 22 is bolted to the base 21, and the end part is bolted and locked. The motor 22 is connected with the speed reducer 14 through a belt transmission assembly. The balance weight 16 is connected on the balance mechanism between the speed reducer 14 and the crank 15, so as to ensure that the swing amplitude of the composite balanced beam is stable and controllable. The turntable 17 is also connected with the balance weight 16. Under the driving of the motor 22, the turntable 17 drives the connecting rod 19 to drive the composite balanced beam to swing through the cantilever beam 9, so that the three horse heads located at the left and right ends of the composite balanced beam obtain up-and-down alternating motion, thereby realizing the pumping in three wells at the same time. The motor 22 power matching between the three horse heads can be adjusted according to the frequency conversion of the motor 22 rotating speed.

[0033] The brake device 18 is installed at the input shaft end of the speed reducer 14 to complete the brake function execution device.

[0034] In another embodiment, a beam web 6 is added to the pumping unit. The web 6 is arranged at the connection part of the U-shaped front arm beam 5 and the straight-shaped rear arm beam 10, and the beam breaking part (the connection part of the support 20 and the beam) is improved and reinforced to make the operation more safe and stable.

[0035] In another embodiment, a tower support 23 structure is added to the pumping unit. The tower support 23 and the support 20 are connected with the central bearing seat 8, so that the support 20 is not easy to shake and the stability is increased.

[0036] In another embodiment, an intermediate pumping control mechanism and a motor frequency control mechanism are also provided on the pumping unit. This intermediate pumping control mechanism can not only accurately determine the efficiency of the oil pump according to the amount of liquid in the coal seam well, but also adjust the frequency of the motor 22 through power matching among the three horseheads, and use the sinusoidal pulse width modulation method to adjust the frequency of the motor 22, so as to reasonably distribute the power of the motor 22 among the three horseheads. The intermediate pumping control mechanism includes an oil well oil amount display instrument, an oil pumping rate sensor, and an intermediate pumping operation mode control valve of each horsehead.

[0037] In another embodiment, an overload alarm mechanism is also provided on the pumping unit. Load sensors are arranged at the end faces of the horseheads to prevent the load from being too large and the steel wire rope from breaking.

[0038] In the three-horsehead walking beam pumping unit of the above embodiment, the three horseheads are distributed at the three vertices of an isosceles triangle, the central shaft falls on the center of gravity of the triangle, and the three horsehead structures are connected through a central bearing seat and a support. By using the stability principle of the triangle, this unique structure makes the pumping unit more stable when pumping oil. When the motor provides power, the high-speed rotation of the motor is changed into low-speed rotation of the rotating disc of the pumping unit through the speed reducer, and the rotating disc-connecting rod-suspension beam-composite balanced walking beam mechanism changes the rotary motion into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the horseheads of the pumping unit. When the double horseheads complete the upstroke, the single horsehead completes the downstroke, so as to ensure that the horseheads do not interfere with each other when working and ensure the orderly work of the horseheads. At the same time, the walking beam rear arm of the conventional single horsehead pumping unit is changed into a variable-diameter arc to generate a new motion relationship, overcome the "dead angle" constraint of the conventional pumping unit fixed four-bar linkage mechanism, and expand the horsehead swing angle. This three-horsehead walking beam pumping unit realizes long stroke, low stroke frequency, good balance effect, and small matching power, and improves the system efficiency by more than 70% and saves energy by more than 50% compared with the conventional machine, which changes the high energy consumption characteristics of the traditional petroleum industry and has important significance for China to achieve the "double carbon" strategic goal.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-donkey-head walking beam oil pumping unit, characterized in that, include: A composite balance beam including a U-shaped front arm beam (5) and a straight rear arm beam (10); the two ends of the U-shaped front arm beam and the ends of the straight rear arm beam are distributed in an isosceles triangle, and the central bearing seat is located at the centroid of the isosceles triangle. Three donkey heads are located at both ends of the U-shaped front arm beam (5) and one end of the straight rear arm beam (10); The top is connected to the front and rear arm beams of the composite balance beam via the central bearing seat (8). A base (21) connected to the bottom of the bracket (20), and a hydraulic transmission device connected to the base (21); wherein: The donkey heads are connected to the drive assembly (1) at the bottom of the pumping unit via suspension ropes (2) to complete the pumping operation; The hydraulic transmission device includes a transmission structure, a motor (22), and a reducer (14); the transmission structure includes a turntable (17), a connecting rod (19), and a cantilever beam (9), the cantilever beam (9) being located in the middle of the I-shaped rear arm beam (10); one end of the connecting rod (19) is connected to the turntable (17), and the other end of the connecting rod (19) is connected to the cantilever beam (9); the motor (22) is connected to the base (21), and the motor (22) is connected to the reducer (14) through a belt transmission assembly.

2. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (1) is a plunger connected to an oil pump. The plunger is vertically installed in the oil well. The plunger includes an oil pipe (13) and a sucker rod (12). The sucker rod (12) is fitted inside the oil pipe (13) and moves vertically back and forth inside the oil pipe (13).

3. The three-head walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arm length of the straight rear arm beam (10) is twice the arm length of the U-shaped front arm beam (5).

4. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the rear donkey head (11) and the straight rear arm beam (10) is 90°.

5. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A walking beam web (6) is added at the junction of the straight rear arm beam (10) and the U-shaped front arm beam (5).

6. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central bearing housing (8) is also connected to the tower support (23).

7. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping unit is also equipped with an intermittent pumping control mechanism and a motor frequency conversion control mechanism. The intermittent pumping control mechanism includes an oil well volume display instrument, a pumping rate sensor, and an intermittent pumping operation mode control valve for each pumping unit.

8. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Load sensors are installed at the end face of each donkey's head.

9. The three-beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A brake device (18) is installed on the input shaft of the reducer (14).

10. The three-head walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension rope (2) is equipped with a suspension device (3).

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