A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller

Abstract

The present application provides a bidirectional movable pneumatic puller, which belongs to the field of puller equipment, including an upper end cover, a cylinder body and a lower end cover, wherein the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed to the two ends of the cylinder body, and further comprising a piston rod, an air inlet and a connecting piece; a ventilation device for adjusting the amount of air output is fixed to the top of the upper end cover and the bottom of the lower end cover, the upper part of the piston rod is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the piston rod passes through the ventilation device and the air inlet and is tightened and fixed to the connecting piece in sequence. In this solution, a ventilation device is provided at the top of the upper end cover and the bottom of the lower end cover, and the amount of air output of each upper and lower part can be adjusted, thereby realizing the dual functions of disassembly and installation, and achieving the technical effect of bidirectional movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of puller equipment, and in particular relates to a bidirectional movable pneumatic puller. Background Art

[0002] This series of electric pullers is suitable for railway vehicle maintenance, machinery installation, mine maintenance, construction support, and general lifting and lowering of heavy objects. They can also be used to remove circular workpieces such as pulleys, gears, and bearings in various mechanical equipment. Existing tools used for removing or installing diesel engine injectors typically use a sliding hammer impact method for removing tightly fitting parts such as pins. This is cumbersome and labor-intensive. To increase the impact force, the weight of the sliding hammer or the length of the sliding rod must be increased, which also increases the weight of the tool and reduces portability. Operators may even face the risk of injuries such as pinching their hands.

[0003] A reciprocating high-frequency pneumatic puller is currently disclosed (patent application number: CN202220995357.8), which includes: an air inlet port, a cylinder body, a reversing sleeve, a first gas channel, a second gas channel, a third gas channel, a fourth gas channel, a small sleeve, a cylinder rod, a first cylinder rod air inlet, a cylinder rod extension air channel, a first cylinder rod air outlet, a cylinder rod retraction air channel, a shock-absorbing rubber pad, a cylinder back cover, a fastening bolt, a puller external thread, a first air outlet channel, a second air outlet channel, a third air outlet channel, a cylinder cavity, a fourth air outlet channel, a fifth air outlet channel and a sixth air outlet channel.

[0004] This disclosed solution uses a pneumatic method to push the cylinder to move back and forth, so that tightly fitting parts such as pins can be removed, and the device is small and easy to carry. However, the pneumatic puller can only move in a single direction, that is, it can only remove tightly fitting parts such as pins, but cannot install them. After maintenance or replacement, other tools are needed for installation, which is inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a bidirectional movable pneumatic puller, which aims to solve the problem that the above-mentioned pneumatic puller can only move in one direction, can only remove tightly fitting parts such as pins and shafts, but cannot install them, and needs to use other tools for installation after maintenance or replacement, which is inconvenient.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] It includes an upper end cover, a cylinder body and a lower end cover, wherein the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed to both ends of the cylinder body, and also includes a piston rod, an air inlet part and a connecting part;

[0008] The top of the upper end cover and the bottom of the lower end cover are both fixed with ventilation devices for adjusting the amount of gas output. The upper part of the piston rod is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the piston rod passes through the ventilation device and the air inlet piece and is tightened and fixed with the connecting piece in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the piston rod includes an upper end piece of the head, a spacer, a bolt assembly, a piston O-ring, a piston ring, a lower end piece of the head and a rod body. The piston O-ring is sleeved on the outside of the spacer, the spacer is arranged on the inside of the piston ring, the piston ring is located between the upper end piece of the head and the lower end piece of the head, and the bolt assembly passes through the upper end piece of the head and the lower end piece of the head in sequence and is tightened and fixed to the rod body.

[0010] Preferably, the piston rod also includes a piston reversing assembly, the upper end piece of the head is provided with a first screw hole and a first through hole, the lower end piece of the head is provided with a second screw hole, a second through hole and a third through hole, the first screw hole and the second screw hole match the bolt assembly, and the piston reversing assembly rises and falls between the first through hole and the third through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the rod body is provided with a third screw hole, an air duct, an air inlet and a first thread, the third screw hole matches the bolt assembly, the bottom of the air duct is connected to the air inlet, and the top of the air duct is connected to the second through hole.

[0012] Preferably, the rod body is also provided with a butt portion, and the piston reversing assembly includes a reversing rod O-ring and a piston reversing rod. The reversing rod O-ring is sleeved into the groove in the middle of the piston reversing rod. When the upper end of the piston reversing rod is in contact with the upper end cover, the piston reversing rod brings the reversing rod O-ring away from the first through hole. When the lower end of the piston reversing rod is in contact with the butt portion, the piston reversing rod brings the reversing rod O-ring away from the third through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the ventilation device includes a reversing paddle, a pressing plate and a gasket. There are two gaskets. The reversing paddle is engaged between the two gaskets, and the reversing paddle and the gasket are both pressed by the pressing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end cover is provided with a fourth screw hole, a first air outlet and a first groove, the cylinder body is provided with a fifth screw hole, and the lower end cover is provided with a second air outlet, a sixth screw hole and a second groove, the first air outlet is located inside the fourth screw hole, and the second air outlet is located inside the sixth screw hole.

[0015] Preferably, the reversing paddle is provided with a limiting hole, a third air outlet and an installation hole for installing the reversing paddle auxiliary structure. Springs and steel balls are provided in the first groove and the second groove. One end of the spring is against the bottom of the first groove and the bottom of the second groove, and the other end thereof presses the steel ball against the limiting hole.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the third air outlet holes is smaller than the number of the first air outlet holes, the number of the first air outlet holes is the same as the number of the second air outlet holes, and the reversing paddle is rotated to change the air outlet volume of the upper end cover and the lower end cover.

[0017] Preferably, the air inlet member is provided with a second thread.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) In this solution, ventilation devices are provided at the top of the upper end cover and the bottom of the lower end cover, which can adjust the air outlet volume of each upper and lower parts. The ventilation device is provided with eight air outlet holes, which can be adjusted to two open air outlet holes or six open air outlet holes by turning the reversing paddle. When the top ventilation device is adjusted to two open air outlet holes and the bottom ventilation device is adjusted to six open air outlet holes, the pneumatic puller will continue to move downward under the action of gas pressure, so that the pin-like parts that fit tightly together can be inserted and installed. When the top ventilation device is adjusted to six open air outlet holes and the bottom ventilation device is adjusted to two open air outlet holes, the pneumatic puller will continue to move upward under the action of gas pressure, so that the pin-like parts that fit tightly together can be removed, thereby realizing the dual functions of disassembly and installation and achieving the technical effect of two-way movement.

[0020] (2) The piston rod head is provided with a piston reversing assembly and other structures. The reversing rod O-ring and the piston reversing rod slide between the upper end cover and the abutment, thereby separating the gas in the upper and lower spaces in the cylinder body from the piston rod head to flow, thereby pushing the piston rod. Through the change of gas pressure in the upper and lower spaces in the cylinder body, the piston rod can move up and down repeatedly. The power comes from the gas, and the operation is simple, convenient and fast, and avoids the problem of liquid leakage and stains caused by conventional hydraulic pullers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic puller in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 Exploded view of the piston rod in the present invention

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the lower end cover and the reversing paddle in the present invention

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the upper end cover and the reversing paddle in the present invention

[0025] Figure 5 Explosion diagram of the ventilation device in the present invention

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rod body and the air intake member in the present invention

[0027] Figure 7 Exploded diagram of the structure related to the lifting process of the piston reversing assembly in the present invention

[0028] Among them, 1-upper end cover, 11-fourth screw hole, 12-first air outlet, 13-reversing paddle, 131-limiting hole, 132-third air outlet, 133-mounting hole, 14-first groove, 15-pressing sheet, 16-gasket, 2-cylinder body, 21-fifth screw hole, 3-lower end cover, 31-second air outlet, 32-sixth screw hole, 33-second groove, 4-inlet piece, 41-second thread, 5-connecting piece, 6-piston rod, 61-top end piece of the head, 611-first Screw hole, 612-first through hole, 62-spacer, 63-bolt assembly, 64-piston O-ring, 65-piston reversing assembly, 651-reversing rod O-ring, 652-piston reversing rod, 66-piston ring, 67-head lower end piece, 671-second screw hole, 672-second through hole, 673-third through hole, 68-rod body, 681-butt, 682-third screw hole, 683-air duct, 684-air inlet, 685-first thread, 7-spring, 8-steel ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a bidirectional movable pneumatic puller includes an upper end cover 1, a cylinder body 2 and a lower end cover 3. The upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the cylinder body 2, and also includes a piston rod 6, an air inlet member 4 and a connecting member 5;

[0031] A ventilation device for adjusting the amount of gas output is fixed to the top of the upper end cover 1 and the bottom of the lower end cover 3. The upper part of the piston rod 6 is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder body 2, and the lower part of the piston rod 6 passes through the ventilation device and the air inlet part 4 and is tightened and fixed to the connecting part 5 in turn.

[0032] The air intake part 4 is connected to the external air rope, and the connecting part 5 is connected to the pin shaft and other tightly fitting parts that need to be removed, such as the fuel injector of a diesel engine. After the pneumatic air pump, the gas enters the piston rod 6 from the air intake part 4 and then enters the cylinder body 2, thereby pushing the piston rod 6 up and down through the gas pressure, thereby removing the fuel injector.

[0033] The piston rod 6 includes an upper end piece 61 of the head, a spacer 62, a bolt assembly 63, a piston O-ring 64, a piston ring 66, a lower end piece 67 of the head and a rod body 68. The piston O-ring 64 is sleeved on the outside of the spacer 62, and the spacer 62 is arranged on the inside of the piston ring 66. The piston ring 66 is located between the upper end piece 61 of the head and the lower end piece 67 of the head. The bolt assembly 63 passes through the upper end piece 61 of the head and the lower end piece 67 of the head in sequence and is tightened and fixed to the rod body 68.

[0034] After the bolt assembly 63 tightens and fixes the head upper end piece 61, the head lower end piece 67 and the rod body 68, the spacer 62, the piston O-ring 64, the piston reversing assembly 65 and the piston ring 66 are stuck between the head upper end piece 61 and the head lower end piece 67.

[0035] The piston rod 6 also includes a piston reversing assembly 65, the upper end piece 61 of the head is provided with a first screw hole 611 and a first through hole 612, the lower end piece 67 of the head is provided with a second screw hole 671, a second through hole 672 and a third through hole 673, the first screw hole 611 and the second screw hole 671 match the bolt assembly 63, and the piston reversing assembly 65 rises and falls between the first through hole 612 and the third through hole 673.

[0036] The bolt assembly 63 tightens and fixes the head upper end piece 61, the head lower end piece 67 and the rod body 68 through the first screw hole 611, the second screw hole 671 and the third screw hole 682. The first through hole 612 and the third through hole 673 correspond to each other up and down, and are both special-shaped holes. The piston reversing rod 652 can pass through, but the reversing rod O-ring 651 cannot pass through and will be blocked, thereby restricting the piston reversing rod 652 from continuing to pass through.

[0037] The rod body 68 is provided with a third screw hole 682 , an air channel 683 , an air inlet 684 and a first thread 685 . The third screw hole 682 matches the bolt assembly 63 . The bottom of the air channel 683 is connected to the air inlet 684 , and the top of the air channel 683 is connected to the second through hole 672 .

[0038] The gas entering from the air inlet 684 passes through the air channel 683, enters the head of the piston rod 6 from the second through hole 672, and then flows out from the first through hole 612 of the upper end piece 61 of the head or the third through hole 673 of the lower end piece 67 of the head. During the air intake and exhaust process, the piston reversing assembly 65 continuously moves up and down, thereby changing the gas pressure of the upper and lower parts of the cylinder body 2 separated by the head of the piston rod 6, so that the puller moves repeatedly with vibration to remove or install spare parts.

[0039] The rod body 68 is also provided with a butt portion 681. The piston reversing assembly 65 includes a reversing rod O-ring 651 and a piston reversing rod 652. The reversing rod O-ring 651 is sleeved on the middle groove of the piston reversing rod 652. When the upper end of the piston reversing rod 652 abuts against the upper end cover 1, the piston reversing rod 652 brings the reversing rod O-ring 651 away from the first through hole 612. When the lower end of the piston reversing rod 652 abuts against the butt portion 681, the piston reversing rod 652 brings the reversing rod O-ring 651 away from the third through hole 673.

[0040] The length of the piston reversing rod 652 is greater than the vertical distance between the head upper end piece 61 and the head lower end piece 67 after being tightened. Therefore, when not working, there are protruding parts above the head upper end piece 61 and below the head lower end piece 67.

[0041] A groove is provided in the middle of the piston reversing rod 652 for engaging the reversing rod O-ring 651. The groove in the middle of each piston reversing rod 652 engages two reversing rod O-rings 651. Each piston rod 6 is equipped with three piston reversing rods 652. The piston reversing rod 652 and the reversing rod O-ring 651 are repeatedly raised and lowered under the action of gas. First, the gas blows the reversing rod O-ring 651 up until the reversing rod O-ring 651 is pressed against the first through hole 612. Then the first through hole 612 is sealed, and the gas cannot enter the upper part of the cylinder body 2. It can only enter the lower part of the cylinder body 2 from the third through hole 673, thereby pushing the piston rod 6 It rises upward. When the piston rod 6 rises to a certain position, the upper end of the piston reversing rod 652 abuts against the upper end cover 1 (because the upper end of the piston reversing rod 652 originally protrudes from the upper end piece 61 of the head, so after abutting, the piston reversing rod 652 will move downward due to extrusion), thereby driving the reversing rod O-ring 651 abutting against the first through hole 612 to move downward, so that the reversing rod O-ring 651 is separated from the first through hole 612, so that the amount of gas entering the upper part of the cylinder body 2 increases, and the amount entering the lower part of the cylinder body 2 decreases, thereby pushing the piston rod 6 down, and then repeating the above process. The pneumatic puller vibrates and moves to remove or install parts.

[0042] The ventilation device includes a reversing paddle 13 , a pressing plate 15 and a gasket 16 . There are two gaskets 16 . The reversing paddle 13 is engaged between the two gaskets 16 , and both the reversing paddle 13 and the gasket 16 are pressed by the pressing plate 15 .

[0043] A 0.05 mm copper gasket is also provided at the bottom of the gasket 16, which is used in conjunction with the gasket 16 to pad the gasket 16 and promote the rotation of the reversing paddle 13 to prevent the reversing paddle 13 from being unable to rotate after the pressing plate 15 is pressed.

[0044] The reversing paddle 13 is moved in the gap between the two gaskets 16 for adjustment.

[0045] The upper end cover 1 is provided with a fourth screw hole 11, a first air outlet hole 12 and a first groove 14, the cylinder body 2 is provided with a fifth screw hole 21, and the lower end cover 3 is provided with a second air outlet hole 31, a sixth screw hole 32 and a second groove 33. The first air outlet hole 12 is located inside the fourth screw hole 11, and the second air outlet hole 31 is located inside the sixth screw hole 32.

[0046] The upper end cover 1, cylinder body 2 and lower end cover 3 are fastened together by bolts passing through the fourth screw hole 11, the fifth screw hole 21 and the sixth screw hole 32. When fastening, the bolts also pass through the screw holes on the pressing plate 15 and the gasket 16, thereby fastening the ventilation device to the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3.

[0047] The reversing paddle 13 is provided with a limiting hole 131, a third air outlet 132 and a mounting hole 133 for mounting the auxiliary structure of the reversing paddle 13. A spring 7 and a steel ball 8 are provided in the first groove 14 and the second groove 33. One end of the spring 7 is against the bottom of the first groove 14 and the bottom of the second groove 33, and the other end thereof presses the steel ball 8 against the limiting hole 131.

[0048] The mounting hole 133 is used to install an auxiliary device, which can be a bolt or other structure that increases the holding area or comfort of holding; the mounting hole 133 is located on the protruding part of the reversing paddle 13, which is used for holding to achieve the toggling effect of the reversing paddle 13.

[0049] There are two first grooves 14 and two second grooves 33 , and each groove is provided with a spring 7 and a steel ball 8 . The combined effect of the spring 7 and the steel ball 8 is similar to that of a ball screw, and the reversing paddle 13 is limited through the limiting hole 131 .

[0050] The number of the third air outlet holes 132 is smaller than that of the first air outlet holes 12 . The number of the first air outlet holes 12 is the same as that of the second air outlet holes 31 . The reversing paddle 13 rotates to change the air outlet volume of the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3 .

[0051] When the air outlets of the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3 are different, that is, the allowed air outlet volumes are different, the pneumatic puller will move upward or downward under the action of atmospheric pressure. The function of the reversing paddle 13 is to change the number of air outlets of the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3 by rotation. The number of the third air outlet holes 132 is six, and the number of the first air outlet holes 12 and the second air outlet holes 31 is eight. During the rotation of the reversing paddle 13, the two limit holes correspond to the six air outlet holes and the two air outlet holes in the open end cover respectively.

[0052] The working principle of this device:

[0053] When it is necessary to remove a spare part (such as the fuel injector of a diesel engine), the reversing paddle 13 on the upper part of the upper end cover 1 is moved to adjust the upper end cover 1 to six open air outlets, and the reversing paddle 13 on the lower part of the lower end cover 3 is moved to adjust the lower end cover 3 to two open air outlets, the air inlet part 4 is connected to the external air rope, the connecting part 5 is connected to the fuel injector of the diesel engine, the air pump is started, the pneumatic puller starts working, and continues to rise, and the fuel injector is removed;

[0054] When spare parts need to be installed, move the reversing paddle 13 on the upper part of the upper end cover 1 to adjust the upper end cover 1 to two open air outlets, and move the reversing paddle 13 on the lower part of the lower end cover 3 to adjust the lower end cover 3 to six open air outlets, connect the air inlet part 4 to the external air rope, connect the connecting part 5 to the fuel injector of the diesel engine, start the air pump, the pneumatic puller starts working, continues to descend, and install the fuel injector.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0057] The air inlet member 4 is provided with a second thread 41. The second thread 41 is used to increase friction and prevent the air rope from falling off during the process of the air inlet member 4 being connected to the air rope for operation.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0060] The air inlet member 4 and the air inlet port 684 of the rod body 68 are connected as an integral structure and are no longer detachable. The air inlet port structure of the air inlet member 4 is directly set at the corresponding position of the air inlet port 684.

[0061] Avoid loose connection between the air inlet member 4 and the rod body 68, which may cause gas leakage and affect the working efficiency of the pneumatic puller.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0064] There are four screw holes in the fourth screw hole 11, the fifth screw hole 21, the sixth screw hole 32, the pressing plate 15, and the gasket 16. Under the premise of ensuring the locking effect, the number of bolts is reduced to facilitate disassembly.

[0065] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by any technician in this field within the scope of the present invention are included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller, comprising an upper end cover (1), a cylinder body (2) and a lower end cover (3), wherein the upper end cover (1) and the lower end cover (3) are respectively fixed to both ends of the cylinder body (2), and characterized in that: It also includes a piston rod (6), an air inlet member (4) and a connecting member (5); A ventilation device for adjusting the amount of gas output is fixed to the top of the upper end cover (1) and the bottom of the lower end cover (3). The upper portion of the piston rod (6) is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder body (2). The lower portion of the piston rod (6) passes through the ventilation device and the air inlet member (4) and is tightened and fixed to the connecting member (5) in sequence. The piston rod (6) comprises an upper end piece (61) of the head, a lower end piece (67) of the head, a rod body (68), and a piston reversing assembly (65); the bolt assembly (63) passes through the upper end piece (61) and the lower end piece (67) of the head in sequence and is tightened and fixed to the rod body (68); the piston reversing assembly (65) is clamped between the upper end piece (61) of the head and the lower end piece (67); The rod body (68) is provided with an abutment portion (681); the upper end piece (61) of the head is provided with a first through hole (612); and the lower end piece (67) of the head is provided with a third through hole (673); The piston reversing assembly (65) includes a reversing rod O-ring (651) and a piston reversing rod (652). The reversing rod O-ring (651) is sleeved with a groove in the middle of the piston reversing rod (652). When the upper end of the piston reversing rod (652) abuts against the upper end cover (1), the piston reversing rod (652) brings the reversing rod O-ring (651) away from the first through hole (612). When the lower end of the piston reversing rod (652) abuts against the abutting portion (681), the piston reversing rod (652) brings the reversing rod O-ring (651) away from the third through hole (673). The ventilation device comprises a reversing paddle (13), a pressing plate (15) and a gasket (16), wherein the number of the gaskets (16) is two, the reversing paddle (13) is engaged between the two gaskets (16), and the reversing paddle (13) and the gasket (16) are both pressed by the pressing plate (15).

2. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod (6) further includes a spacer (62), a piston O-ring (64) and a piston ring (66), wherein the piston O-ring (64) is sleeved on the outside of the spacer (62), the spacer (62) is arranged on the inside of the piston ring (66), and the piston ring (66) is located between the upper end piece (61) of the head and the lower end piece (67) of the head.

3. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end piece (61) of the head is provided with a first screw hole (611), and the lower end piece (67) of the head is provided with a second screw hole (671) and a second through hole (672). The first screw hole (611) and the second screw hole (671) match the bolt assembly (63), and the piston reversing assembly (65) rises and falls between the first through hole (612) and the third through hole (673).

4. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod body (68) is provided with a third screw hole (682), an air passage (683), an air inlet (684) and a first thread (685); the third screw hole (682) matches the bolt assembly (63); the bottom of the air passage (683) is connected to the air inlet (684); and the top of the air passage (683) is connected to the second through hole (672).

5. The bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cover (1) is provided with a fourth screw hole (11), a first air outlet hole (12) and a first groove (14); the cylinder body (2) is provided with a fifth screw hole (21); the lower end cover (3) is provided with a second air outlet hole (31), a sixth screw hole (32) and a second groove (33); the first air outlet hole (12) is located inside the fourth screw hole (11), and the second air outlet hole (31) is located inside the sixth screw hole (32).

6. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reversing paddle (13) is provided with a limiting hole (131), a third air outlet (132) and a mounting hole (133) for mounting an auxiliary structure of the reversing paddle (13). A spring (7) and a steel ball (8) are provided in the first groove (14) and the second groove (33). One end of the spring (7) abuts against the bottom of the first groove (14) and the bottom of the second groove (33), and the other end thereof presses the steel ball (8) against the limiting hole (131).

7. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the third air outlet holes (132) is smaller than the number of the first air outlet holes (12), and the number of the first air outlet holes (12) is the same as the number of the second air outlet holes (31). The reversing paddle (13) rotates to change the air outlet volume of the upper end cover (1) and the lower end cover (3).

8. A bidirectional movable pneumatic puller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The air inlet member (4) is provided with a second thread (41).

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