Battery heating topology circuit and electric device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a battery heating topology circuit, which is applied to an electric device, the electric device comprises a motor controller and a motor, and the circuit comprises: a direct current charging port, which is used for being connected with an external charging equipment; a battery pack, which is connected with the motor controller; an energy storage element; and a switch module, which comprises a first end, a second end and a third end, and is connected with the direct current charging port, the battery pack and a neutral point of the motor respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery heating topology circuit and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used more and more widely in various electrical devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, and electric ships.

[0003] Taking electric vehicles as an example, in low-temperature environments, the charging efficiency of the battery pack inside the electric vehicle is relatively low. It is necessary to heat the battery pack to bring its temperature up to the operating temperature range of the battery pack in order to enable the charging equipment to charge the battery pack efficiently.

[0004] Furthermore, existing electric vehicles typically use high-voltage systems and require charging on high-voltage charging platforms. However, most of the previously deployed charging equipment is based on low-voltage platforms and is incompatible with electric vehicles using high-voltage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a battery heating topology circuit and power supply device, which can achieve compatibility with low-voltage charging equipment and heat up the battery pack.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery heating topology circuit, applied to an electrical device, the electrical device including a motor controller and a motor, the circuit including:

[0007] A DC charging port is used to connect to an external charging device;

[0008] The battery pack is connected to the motor controller;

[0009] The switching module includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, which are respectively connected to the DC charging port, the battery pack, and the neutral point of the motor;

[0010] An energy storage element is connected between the first and third terminals of the switching module.

[0011] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by connecting each port of the switch module to the DC charging port, the battery pack, and the neutral point of the motor respectively, the boost charging function and heating function of the battery pack can be realized by adjusting the connection between the ports of the switch module. When the first and third terminals of the switch module are connected, the DC charging port can input the DC charging voltage provided by the external charging device into the boost circuit formed by the motor controller and the motor. This boost circuit can boost the DC charging voltage to charge the battery pack, making the battery pack compatible with external charging devices with lower charging voltages. When the second and third terminals of the switch module are connected, the heating circuit formed by the energy storage element, the motor controller, and the motor can cycle the discharge and charge of the battery pack, so that the internal resistance of the battery pack converts electrical energy into heat energy during the charge and discharge cycle, thereby heating the battery pack. The switch module can heat the battery pack to ensure that the temperature of the battery pack meets the corresponding requirements.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the DC charging port is connected to the first terminal of the switching module, and the second terminal is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack; the first terminal of the battery pack is connected to the second terminal of the switching module, and the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage element. By connecting the first terminals of each module through the switching module, the modules can be connected to each other to achieve different functions.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switching module includes: a first switch, the first end of which is connected to a first terminal of a DC charging port, and the second end of which is connected to a first terminal of a battery pack; a second switch, the first end of which is connected to the first terminal of a DC charging port, and the second end of which is connected to a second terminal of an energy storage element; and a third switch, the first end of which is connected to the neutral point of a motor, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of an energy storage element. By setting multiple switches, the various modules can be connected by turning the switches on and off, thereby enabling heating, boost charging, or direct charging functions under different connection methods.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery heating topology circuit further includes a heating module, and an energy storage element is disposed within the heating module. By placing the energy storage element within the heating module, users can flexibly select and configure the heating function.

[0015] In some embodiments, the energy storage element includes a first capacitor disposed within the switching module. By directly placing the energy storage element within the switching module, the number of modules in the circuit can be reduced, assembly and connection steps in the production process can be decreased, and production efficiency can be improved.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery heating topology circuit further includes a heating module, which includes a second capacitor and a fourth switch. The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack, and the second capacitor is an energy storage element. By setting the second capacitor as a heating module, the battery pack can be heated through the energy storage element within the heating module, allowing users to flexibly select the heating function.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral point of the motor, and the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the third terminal of the switch module, respectively. By switching the fourth switch on and off, the heating circuit can be switched on and off, thereby enabling and disabling the heating function of the battery pack.

[0018] In some embodiments, the motor controller includes a three-phase bridge, which includes three bridge arm groups. Each bridge arm group includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm connected in series. The first and second terminals of the battery pack are connected to the first and second input terminals of the motor controller, respectively. The upper bridge arm is connected to the first input terminal of the motor controller, and the lower bridge arm is connected to the second input terminal of the motor controller. The common node of the three bridge arm groups is connected to the three-phase input terminals of the motor. The common node is the connection point of the upper and lower bridge arms. The motor controller is used to drive the upper and lower bridge arms in at least one bridge arm group to alternately conduct when forming a heating circuit, thereby cyclically charging and discharging the battery pack to heat it. By driving at least one bridge arm group to cyclically charge and discharge the battery pack, the heating function of the battery pack can be achieved.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, which includes the battery heating topology circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure corresponding to the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery heating topology circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure corresponding to the embodiment.

[0030] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0031] In the attached image:

[0032] 10. Battery pack; 20. Switch module; 30. DC charging port; 40. Motor controller; 50. Motor; 60. External charging device; 70. Heating module; K1. First switch; K2. Second switch; K3. Third switch; K4. Fourth switch; C. Energy storage element; C1. First capacitor; C2. Second capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0035] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0039] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0040] Currently, with the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used more and more widely in various electrical devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, and electric ships. As the application fields of batteries continue to expand, the market demand for them is also constantly increasing.

[0041] Power batteries serve as the primary power source for electrical devices (such as vehicles, ships, or spacecraft), while energy storage batteries serve as the charging source for these devices; the importance of both is self-evident. As an example, and not a limitation, in some applications, power batteries can be the batteries within electrical devices, and energy storage batteries can be the batteries within charging devices. For ease of description, both power batteries and energy storage batteries will be referred to as batteries in the following text.

[0042] Currently, most batteries on the market are rechargeable rechargeable batteries, the most common being lithium batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries or lithium-ion polymer batteries. When a battery is installed in an electrical device, if the remaining battery power is insufficient, it needs to be connected to a charging device to recharge the battery.

[0043] In low-temperature environments, the battery pack of an electric vehicle is below its normal operating temperature range, resulting in low charging efficiency and the inability of charging equipment to effectively charge the battery pack. Therefore, in low-temperature conditions, the battery pack needs to be heated to a temperature range within which it can operate normally before it can be charged properly by a charging station.

[0044] In existing electrical devices, taking an electric vehicle as an example, an energy storage element can be installed inside the electric vehicle. This energy storage element can be connected to the motor controller and motor within the electric vehicle. When the battery pack temperature of the electric vehicle is low, a current loop can be formed through the energy storage element, motor controller, motor, and battery pack. This current loop can alternately charge and discharge the battery pack through the bridge arm device in the motor controller and the inductor in the motor, thereby heating the battery pack through the charge-discharge cycle.

[0045] The inventors noted that, due to the continuous development of electric vehicle charging platforms, existing electric vehicles have gradually adopted high-voltage systems, such as 800V high-voltage charging platforms. In contrast, previously deployed charging equipment, due to its age, typically uses low-voltage platforms, such as 400V charging piles. For electric vehicles using high-voltage platforms, even in low-voltage environments where the vehicle can heat the battery pack to a suitable temperature range through alternating charging and discharging, it is still incompatible with the low-voltage charging equipment for charging.

[0046] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a battery heating topology circuit and an electrical device. The battery heating topology circuit provided in this application embodiment will be described below.

[0047] The battery heating topology circuit disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery pack as a power source. The electrical device may include a motor controller and a motor, and may also include other components with voltage conversion functions. For example, the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.

[0048] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a modular structure of a battery heating topology circuit according to an embodiment of this application. This battery heating topology circuit can be applied to an electrical device, which includes a motor controller 40 and a motor 50. The battery heating topology circuit includes a DC charging port 30, a battery pack 10, an energy storage element C, and a switching module 20.

[0049] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using an electric vehicle as an example of an embodiment of this application.

[0050] The DC charging port 30 can be connected to an external charging device 60. When the external charging device 60 is connected, the DC charging port 30 can receive the charging voltage provided by the external charging device 60. The battery pack 10 is connected to the motor controller 40, and the motor controller 40 is connected to the motor 50.

[0051] The switching module 20 includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal of the switching module 20 is connected to the DC charging port 30, the second terminal is connected to the battery pack 10, and the third terminal is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50. The switching module 20 can connect the various ports. The energy storage element C is connected between the first terminal and the third terminal of the switching module 20. That is, when the first terminal of the switching module 20 is turned on, the energy storage element C is connected to the DC charging port 30; when the third terminal of the switching module 20 is turned on, the energy storage element C is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50.

[0052] When the switching module 20 connects its first terminal to its third terminal, the energy storage element C, the motor controller 40, the motor 50, and the switching module 20 can form a boost current loop. This boost current loop can receive the charging voltage output by the external charging device 60 through the DC charging port 30, boost the charging voltage, and output it to the battery pack 10 to charge the battery pack 10 with the boosted charging voltage.

[0053] When the switching module 20 connects its second and third terminals, the energy storage element C, the motor controller 40, the motor 50, and the switching module 20 can form a heating current loop. This heating current loop can alternately charge and discharge between the battery pack 10 and the energy storage element C, forming an oscillating circuit. During the charging and discharging cycle, when the oscillating current flows through the battery pack 10, the internal resistance of the battery pack 10 generates ohmic heat under the current drive, thereby heating the battery pack 10.

[0054] When the electrical device is an electric vehicle, in order to drive the electric vehicle motor 50 to enable vehicle movement, the battery pack 10 can be electrically connected to the motor controller 40, which in turn is electrically connected to the motor 50. The battery pack 10 can output DC voltage to the motor controller 40, which can perform DC-AC conversion on the DC voltage to generate a three-phase AC voltage, and input the three-phase AC voltage to the three-phase input terminal of the motor 50. The motor 50 runs under the drive of the three-phase AC voltage to enable vehicle movement.

[0055] The switch module 20 can switch between different modes of the electrical device by controlling the connection between each terminal. Taking an electric vehicle as an example, the electric vehicle can switch between motor drive mode, DC charging mode, boost charging mode and battery pack heating mode.

[0056] In motor drive mode, the first, second and third terminals of the switch module 20 are disconnected from each other. At this time, the battery pack 10, the motor controller 40 and the motor 50 form a current loop. The battery pack 10 can provide DC voltage. After the motor controller 40 converts the DC voltage into three-phase AC voltage, it can drive the motor 50 to run.

[0057] When the DC charging port 30 is connected to the external charging device 60, it can receive the DC charging voltage input from the external charging device 60. When the DC charging voltage is higher than the operating voltage of the battery pack 10, it can enter DC charging mode to directly charge the battery pack 10 using this DC charging voltage. When the DC charging voltage is lower than the operating voltage of the battery pack 10, it can enter boost charging mode to boost the DC charging voltage so that the boosted voltage is higher than the operating voltage of the battery pack 10, thereby charging the battery pack 10 using the boosted voltage. It is understood that the operating voltage of the battery pack 10 can be its maximum operating voltage.

[0058] In DC charging mode, the first and second ends of the switch module 20 are connected. At this time, the DC charging port 30 can be directly connected to the battery pack 10. The external charging device 60, the DC charging port 30 and the battery pack 10 constitute a DC charging circuit to realize direct charging of the battery pack 10.

[0059] In boost charging mode, the first and third terminals of the switch module 20 are connected. At this time, the switch module 20, the motor controller 40, and the motor 50 can form a boost circuit. The DC charging port 30 is connected to the input terminal of the boost circuit, and the battery pack 10 is connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit. The boost circuit can boost the DC charging voltage input from the external charging device 60 and output it to the battery pack 10 to charge the battery pack 10 with the boosted DC voltage.

[0060] In the battery pack heating mode, the second and third terminals of the switch module 20 are connected. At this time, the energy storage element C, the switch module 20, the motor controller 40, and the motor 50 can form a heating circuit. This heating circuit can realize the cyclic charging and discharging of the battery pack 10. During the charging and discharging cycle, the oscillating current generated causes the internal resistance of the battery pack 10 to convert electrical energy into heat energy, thereby heating up the battery pack 10.

[0061] In a complete charge-discharge cycle of the battery pack 10, the heating circuit can control the battery pack 10 to discharge the energy storage element C, so that the energy storage element C is charged by storing charge; after the energy storage element C stores charge, the heating circuit can control the energy storage element C to release the stored charge, so as to charge the battery pack 10. One discharge-charge process of the battery pack 10 constitutes a complete charge-discharge cycle.

[0062] In this embodiment, by connecting each port of the switch module 20 to the DC charging port 30, the battery pack 10, and the neutral point of the motor 50, the boost charging and heating functions of the battery pack 10 can be achieved by adjusting the connectivity between the ports of the switch module 20. When the first and third terminals of the switch module 20 are connected, the DC charging port 30 can input the DC charging voltage provided by the external charging device 60 into the boost circuit formed by the motor controller 40 and the motor 50. This boost circuit can boost the DC charging voltage to charge the battery pack 10, making the battery pack 10 compatible with the external charging device 60 with its lower charging voltage. When the second and third terminals of the switch module 20 are connected, the heating circuit formed by the energy storage element C, the motor controller 40, and the motor 50 can cycle the discharge and charge of the battery pack 10, causing the internal resistance of the battery pack 10 to convert electrical energy into heat energy during the charge and discharge cycle, thereby heating the battery pack 10. The switch module 20 can heat the battery pack 10 to ensure that its temperature meets the required level. When the charging voltage provided by the external charging device 60 is low, the switching module 20 can also boost the charging voltage so that the battery pack 10 can be compatible with the low-voltage external charging device 60.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 2According to some embodiments of this application, the first terminal of the DC charging port 30 can be connected to the first terminal of the switching module 20, and the second terminal of the DC charging port 30 can be connected to the second terminal of the battery pack 10. The first terminal of the battery pack 10 can be connected to the second terminal of the switching module 20, and the second terminal of the battery pack 10 can be connected to the first terminal of the energy storage element C.

[0064] The switching module 20 can connect the first terminal and the third terminal by connecting the second terminal of the energy storage element C, the neutral point of the motor 50, and the first pole of the DC charging port 30; the switching module 20 can also connect the second terminal and the third terminal by connecting the second terminal of the energy storage element C and the neutral point of the motor 50.

[0065] When the second end of the energy storage element C, the neutral point of the motor 50, and the first pole of the DC charging port 30 are connected to a common node, the battery heating topology circuit operates in boost charging mode. The energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40 constitute a boost circuit. The two ends of the DC charging port 30 are connected to the two ends of the energy storage element C, respectively. At this time, the DC charging port 30 is connected to the input end of the boost circuit, and the output end of the boost circuit is connected to the battery pack 10. The DC charging voltage input by the external charging device 60 can be boosted in the boost circuit to charge the battery pack 10.

[0066] When the second terminal of the energy storage element C is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50, the battery heating topology circuit operates in battery pack heating mode. The energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40 essentially constitute the heating circuit. At this time, the DC charging port 30 is not connected to this heating circuit. The heating circuit can alternately discharge and charge the battery pack 10 to convert electrical energy into heat energy to heat the battery pack 10 during the charge and discharge cycle.

[0067] By adjusting the connection between the energy storage element C, the neutral point of the motor 50, and the DC charging port 30 through the switching module 20, the energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40 can form a boost circuit or a heating circuit. When the DC charging port 30 is connected, a boost circuit is formed, which can boost the DC charging voltage output by the external charging device 60. When the DC charging port 30 is not connected, a heating circuit is formed, which can alternately charge and discharge the battery pack 10 to heat the battery pack 10.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 According to some embodiments of this application, the switch module 20 may include a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3.

[0069] The first end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first pole of the DC charging port 30, and the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first pole of the battery pack 10.

[0070] The first end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first pole of the DC charging port 30, and the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to the second end of the energy storage element C.

[0071] The first end of the third switch K3 is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50, and the second end of the third switch K3 is connected to the second end of the energy storage element C.

[0072] It is understandable that the first and second poles of each of the above modules can be positive and negative, respectively. The second poles of each module can be directly connected, while the first poles of each module are connected through the first switch K1, the second switch K2, or the third switch K3, respectively.

[0073] When the first switch K1 is turned on, the first and second terminals of the DC charging port 30 are connected to the first and second terminals of the battery pack 10, respectively. At this time, the external charging device 60 can directly charge the battery pack 10 through the DC charging port 30.

[0074] When the second switch K2 is turned on, the first and second terminals of the DC charging port 30 are connected to the second and first terminals of the energy storage element C, respectively.

[0075] When the third switch K3 is turned on, the first end of the energy storage element C is connected to the second pole of the battery pack 10, and the second end is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50.

[0076] When the second switch K2 is on and the third switch K3 is on, the DC charging interface is connected to the current loop formed by the energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40. At this time, the voltage input source is the external charging device 60, and the current loop formed by the motor 50 and the motor controller 40 is a boost circuit. When the second switch K2 is off and the third switch K3 is on, the DC charging interface is disconnected from the current loop formed by the energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40. At this time, the voltage input source is the battery pack 10, and the current loop formed by the energy storage element C, the motor 50, and the motor controller 40 is a heating circuit.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 4 According to some embodiments of this application, the above-described battery heating topology circuit may further include a heating module 70, and an energy storage element C is disposed within the heating module 70.

[0078] The heating module 70 is detachably connected to the switch module 20. When the heating module 70 is connected to the switch module 20, the energy storage element C in the heating module 70 can be connected in series between the common node of the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 and the second pole of the battery pack 10.

[0079] By incorporating the energy storage element C within the heating module 70, and making the heating module 70 detachably connected to the switching module 20, the energy storage element C can be integrated into the battery heating topology when the heating module 70 is connected to the switching module 20. When the heating module 70 is disconnected from the switching module 20, the energy storage element C is not integrated into the battery heating topology. For electric vehicles, the heating module 70 can be offered as an optional module for users to select heating functionality. Furthermore, even if the user has not selected heating functionality, they can add heating functionality by installing the heating module 70.

[0080] It should be noted that in boost charging mode, the voltage input source is the external charging device 60. Even without the energy storage element C, the motor controller 40 and the motor 50 can form a boost circuit to boost the DC charging voltage input from the external charging device 60. However, in battery pack heating mode, the external charging device 60 is not connected to the current loop. In this mode, the energy storage element C needs to store charge when the battery pack 10 discharges, and release the charge to charge the battery pack 10, thus forming an alternating charge-discharge cycle. Therefore, when the heating module 70 is connected to the switch module 20, the battery heating topology can achieve boost charging or heating of the battery pack 10 by adjusting the switch module 20. When the heating module 70 is disconnected from the switch module 20, since the energy storage element C is not connected to the current loop, the battery heating topology can achieve boost charging of the battery pack 10, but cannot achieve heating.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 5 According to some embodiments of this application, the energy storage element C includes a first capacitor C1, which may be disposed within the switching module 20.

[0082] The switch module 20 may also be equipped with a first capacitor C1. By connecting each port of the switch module 20 to the neutral point of the DC charging port 30, the battery pack 10 and the motor 50 respectively, the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the neutral point of the DC charging port 30, the battery pack 10 and the motor 50 when controlling the connection between the ports.

[0083] By integrating the energy storage element C into the switch module 20, the number of modules in the electrical device can be reduced, the assembly process in the production process can be simplified, and production efficiency can be improved.

[0084] Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 The circuit structure diagram corresponding to the embodiment is shown below. The following shows the conduction state of each switch in the battery heating topology circuit under various modes:

[0085] In motor drive mode, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are all in the off state. At this time, the battery pack 10 drives the motor 50 to run through the motor controller 40.

[0086] In DC charging mode, the first switch K1 is turned on, while the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are turned off. At this time, the two ends of the DC charging port 30 are directly connected to the first and second terminals of the battery pack 10.

[0087] In boost charging mode, the first switch K1 is open, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open. At this time, the external charging device 60, the DC charging port 30, the first capacitor C1, the motor controller 40, and the motor 50 form a complete boost current circuit.

[0088] In the battery pack heating mode, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open, and the third switch K3 is on. At this time, the first capacitor C1, the motor controller 40, and the motor 50 form a complete heating current loop.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 7 According to some embodiments of this application, the above-described battery heating topology circuit may further include a heating module 70. The heating module 70 may include a second capacitor C2 and a fourth switch K4. The first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack 10. The second capacitor C2 is an energy storage element C.

[0090] When the fourth switch K4 is turned on, the heating module 70 connects the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 to the neutral point of the motor 50. At this time, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack 10, and the second terminal is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50. The second capacitor C2, together with the motor controller 40 and the motor 50, forms a heating circuit to alternately charge and discharge the battery pack 10.

[0091] When the first capacitor C1 is provided in the switch module 20, the battery heating topology circuit may also include a heating module 70 with a second capacitor C2. By setting the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 can be made to not meet the capacitance value requirement of the energy storage element C required for charging and discharging the battery pack 10 in the heating circuit. When the heating module 70 is not connected to the battery heating topology circuit, only the first capacitor C1 is present, and the cyclic charging and discharging heating function of the battery pack 10 cannot be realized. When the heating module 70 is connected to the battery heating topology circuit, the second capacitor C2, together with the motor controller 40 and the motor 50, can form a heating circuit to alternately charge and discharge the battery pack 10, thereby heating the battery pack 10.

[0092] According to some embodiments of this application, the first end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the neutral point of the motor 50, and the second end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the third end of the switch module 20, respectively.

[0093] When the fourth switch K4 is turned on, the two ends of the second capacitor C2 are connected to the negative circuit of the heating module 70 and the neutral point of the motor 50, respectively. At this time, the second capacitor C2, the motor controller 40, the motor 50, and the battery pack 10 can form a complete heating current circuit. Since the battery pack 10 also needs to be heated at this time, the external charging device 60 cannot be connected to the current circuit, and the first end of the switch module 20 needs to be kept open. Since the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2 can meet the capacitance value requirement of the energy storage element C in the heating circuit, the second and third ends of the switch module 20 can be kept open, and the first capacitor C1 is not connected to the heating circuit. The battery pack 10 can be heated through the second capacitor C2.

[0094] Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 The circuit structure diagram corresponding to the embodiment is as follows: Figure 6 Compared to the circuit structure diagram shown, Figure 8 It also includes a second capacitor C2 and a fourth switch K4.

[0095] In motor drive mode, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are all open, and the battery pack 10 drives the motor 50 to run through the motor controller 40.

[0096] In DC charging mode, the first switch K1 is turned on, and the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are turned off. At this time, the two ends of the DC charging port 30 are directly connected to the first and second terminals of the battery pack 10.

[0097] In boost charging mode, the first switch K1 is open, and the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are closed. At this time, the external charging device 60, the DC charging port 30, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the motor controller 40 and the motor 50 form a complete boost current circuit.

[0098] In the battery pack heating mode, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open, and the fourth switch K4 is on. At this time, the second capacitor C2, the motor controller 40 and the motor 50 form a complete heating current circuit.

[0099] According to some embodiments of this application, the switch module 20 can connect the first terminal and the third terminal under a first preset condition, so that the boost circuit boosts the DC charging voltage input from the external charging device 60 to charge the battery pack 10. The first preset condition may include the DC charging voltage of the external charging device 60 being lower than the operating voltage of the battery pack 10.

[0100] When the external charging device 60 is connected to the DC charging port 30, the magnitude of the DC charging voltage of the external charging device 60 can be detected. When the DC charging voltage is lower than the working voltage of the battery pack 10, it is determined that the first preset condition is met. At this time, the battery pack 10 cannot be charged directly through the DC charging voltage. It is necessary to connect the first terminal and the third terminal of the switch module 20 and boost the DC charging voltage through the boost circuit.

[0101] Under the first preset condition, when the voltage of the external charging device 60 is high, it can be directly connected to the battery pack 10 to charge the battery pack 10; when the voltage provided by the external charging device 60 is low, the voltage is boosted by connecting the first and third terminals of the switching module 20. The battery heating topology circuit is compatible with both high-voltage and low-voltage external charging devices 60 to achieve charging of the battery pack 10.

[0102] According to some embodiments of this application, the switch module 20 can connect the second terminal and the third terminal under a second preset condition, so that the heating circuit can cycle charge and discharge the battery pack 10, thereby heating the battery pack 10. The second preset condition may include the battery temperature of the battery pack 10 being lower than a temperature threshold.

[0103] By detecting the battery temperature of the battery pack 10, it can be determined that the battery pack 10 is in a low-temperature environment when the battery temperature of the battery pack 10 is lower than the temperature threshold, thus meeting the second preset condition. At this time, the battery pack 10 can be heated by connecting the second and third terminals of the switch module 20 to increase the battery temperature of the battery pack 10.

[0104] By using the second preset condition, when the battery temperature of the battery pack 10 is low, a heating circuit can be formed by the switch module 20 to charge and discharge the battery pack 10, thereby heating the battery pack 10 and bringing the battery temperature of the battery pack 10 to the normal temperature range.

[0105] Understandably, because the charging efficiency of battery pack 10 is lower in low-temperature environments, the battery temperature of battery pack 10 needs to be detected when external charging device 60 is connected to the DC charging interface. If the battery temperature is low, the battery pack 10 needs to be heated first through a heating circuit to bring the battery temperature to a suitable range before connecting external charging device 60 to battery pack 10 for charging. Before connecting external charging device 60 to battery pack 10, the output voltage of external charging device 60 also needs to be detected to determine whether the connection method between external charging device 60 and battery pack 10 is DC charging or boost charging.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 6 or Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, the motor controller 40 may include a three-phase bridge, which includes three bridge arm groups. Each bridge arm group includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm connected in series. The first and second terminals of the battery pack 10 are respectively connected to the first and second input terminals of the motor controller 40.

[0107] The upper arm of the bridge arm group is connected to the first input terminal of the motor controller 40, and the lower arm is connected to the second input terminal of the motor controller 40. The common node of the three bridge arm groups is connected to the three-phase input terminal of the motor 50, and this common node is the connection point of the upper arm and the lower arm.

[0108] When forming the heating circuit, the motor controller 40 can drive the upper and lower arms of at least one of the three arm groups to alternately conduct, so as to cycle charge and discharge the battery pack 10, thereby heating the battery pack 10.

[0109] The three-phase input terminals of motor 50 are connected to the three bridge arm groups of motor controller 40. Each phase of motor 50 also includes a winding inductor, which, when connected to the corresponding bridge arm group, can form a charging and discharging circuit with battery pack 10 and energy storage element C. By controlling the upper and lower bridge arms to conduct alternately, battery pack 10 can be alternately discharged and charged. When motor controller 40 drives one bridge arm group to conduct alternately, cyclic charging and discharging of battery pack 10 can be achieved. By increasing the number of bridge arm groups driven by motor controller 40, the power of discharging or charging battery pack 10 can be increased. Correspondingly, when the charging and discharging power increases, the oscillating current generated by battery pack 10 during charging and discharging also increases, causing the internal resistance of battery pack 10 to generate more heat, thereby increasing heating power and heating efficiency.

[0110] The heating power and efficiency of the battery pack 10 can be adjusted by setting the number of driven bridge arm groups in the heating circuit. When the battery pack 10 needs to heat up quickly or when the battery temperature differs significantly from the suitable temperature range, the number of driven bridge arm groups can be increased to rapidly raise the battery temperature of the battery pack 10. When the battery temperature of the battery pack 10 is close to the suitable temperature range or when the remaining charge of the battery pack 10 is low, the number of driven bridge arm groups can be reduced to decrease the power consumed during heating.

[0111] According to some embodiments of this application, the motor controller 40 can, during the alternating conduction of the upper and lower bridge arms, after the upper bridge arm is disconnected, re-enable the lower bridge arm after a first preset time interval. The following description uses a complete cycle of charging and discharging of the battery pack 10 as an example.

[0112] During a single charge and discharge cycle of the battery pack 10, the heating circuit can alternately charge and discharge between the energy storage element C and the battery pack 10. The energy storage element C can be the aforementioned... Figure 6 The first capacitor C1 in the illustrated embodiment or Figure 8 The second capacitor C2 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0113] Before the battery pack 10 is cycled through charging and discharging, the energy storage element C does not store any charge, so the charge and discharge cycle process begins with the discharge of the battery pack 10.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 6 or Figure 8 In the first stage, taking one of the three bridge arm groups as an example, the motor controller 40 can drive the upper bridge arm to conduct and the lower bridge arm to disengage. At this time, the voltage of the battery pack 10 is higher than the voltage across the energy storage element C. Current can flow through the conducting upper bridge arm and the winding inductor in the motor 50 corresponding to that bridge arm group to the energy storage element C, charging the energy storage element C. This current loop is a discharge energy storage loop, during which the battery pack 10 discharges the energy storage element C.

[0115] In the second stage, the motor controller 40 can drive the upper bridge arm to disconnect, and the lower bridge arm to disconnect as well. Since the winding inductance in the current loop suppresses current changes, the reverse diode on the lower bridge arm can form a current loop with the winding inductance and the energy storage element C. At this time, the direction of the current flowing through the energy storage element C does not change, but the current magnitude gradually decreases. In the second stage, the winding inductance can release the stored charge to continue charging the energy storage element C. This current loop is a discharge energy release circuit, where the winding inductance charges the energy storage element C.

[0116] Understandably, in this second stage, both the upper and lower bridge arms are disconnected, and the current loop formed by the reverse diode of the lower bridge arm continues to charge the energy storage element C.

[0117] In the third stage, both the upper and lower bridge arms remain disconnected, and the suppression of current changes by the winding inductance that occurred in the second stage ends. At this point, the reverse diode of the upper bridge arm, the winding inductance, and the energy storage element C form a current loop. The energy storage element C can release the previously stored charge, and the current flows through the reverse diode of the upper bridge arm into the battery pack 10, charging the battery pack 10. This current loop is a charging energy storage loop, during which the energy storage element C charges the battery pack 10.

[0118] It is understandable that in the second and third stages, both the upper and lower bridge arms are in the disconnected state. That is, the sum of the times of the second and third stages is the first preset time interval between the motor controller 40 driving the upper bridge arm to disconnect and driving the lower bridge arm to connect.

[0119] In the fourth stage, the motor controller 40 can drive the upper bridge arm to disconnect and the lower bridge arm to conduct. Since the winding inductance in the current loop suppresses current changes, the lower bridge arm, the winding inductance, and the energy storage element C form a current loop. The winding inductance can continue to discharge for the energy storage element C. This current loop is a charging and releasing circuit, during which the winding inductance discharges for the energy storage element C.

[0120] Through the continuous cycle of the first to fourth stages described above, cyclic charging and discharging between the energy storage element C and the battery pack 10 can be achieved. During the cyclic charging and discharging process, the internal resistance of the battery pack 10 can convert electrical energy into heat energy, thereby heating the battery pack 10.

[0121] According to some embodiments of this application, the motor controller 40 can drive the upper and lower arms of at least one of the three bridge arm groups to alternately conduct when forming the boost circuit, so as to boost the DC charging voltage of the external charging device 60 and then charge the battery pack 10 with the boosted voltage.

[0122] A typical boost converter circuit includes an inductor, a diode, and a switching transistor. The inductor stores or releases energy by suppressing current, the diode limits the direction of current, and the switching transistor controls the inductor's charge storage and release by alternating on and off states. Taking a bridge arm group as an example, the common node in this group is connected to a phase of the motor 50. The winding inductance of the motor 50 on that phase can serve as the inductor in the boost converter circuit. The reverse diode in the upper bridge arm can act as a diode, and the lower bridge arm can act as a switching transistor. By controlling the alternating on and off states of the upper and lower bridge arms, the boost converter circuit can boost the DC charging voltage input from the external charging device 60. By adjusting the duty cycle of the conduction time of the upper and lower bridge arms, the boost factor can be adjusted, ensuring that the boosted DC charging voltage is greater than the operating voltage of the battery pack 10, thus enabling the boosted voltage to charge the battery pack 10.

[0123] By driving any one of the bridge arm groups and the corresponding winding inductor in the motor 50, the DC charging voltage can be boosted. Increasing the number of driven bridge arm groups does not change the magnitude of the boosted voltage, but it can increase the output power of the boost circuit. Therefore, by adjusting the number of driven bridge arm groups in the motor controller 40, the charging power of the battery pack 10 during the charging process can be increased. The appropriate number of bridge arm groups can be driven according to the actual charging power required by the battery pack 10.

[0124] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device including a battery with a heating topology circuit in any of the above embodiments, and the heating topology circuit is used to heat the battery pack or boost the voltage of an external charging device for the electrical device. The electrical device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that apply a battery heating topology circuit.

[0125] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0126] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery heating topology circuit, applied to an electrical device, the electrical device including a motor controller and a motor, the circuit comprising: A DC charging port is used to connect to an external charging device; The battery pack is connected to the motor controller; The switching module includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, which are respectively connected to the DC charging port, the battery pack, and the neutral point of the motor; An energy storage element is connected between the first and third terminals of the switching module; The motor controller includes a three-phase bridge, which includes three bridge arm groups. Each bridge arm group includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm connected in series. The first and second terminals of the battery pack are respectively connected to the first and second input terminals of the motor controller. The upper bridge arm is connected to the first input terminal of the motor controller, the lower bridge arm is connected to the second input terminal of the motor controller, and the common node of the three bridge arm groups is connected to the three-phase input terminal of the motor respectively; the common node is the connection point of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm; The motor controller is used to drive the upper and lower arms of at least one bridge arm group to alternately conduct when forming a heating circuit, so as to cycle charge and discharge the battery pack to heat the battery pack.

2. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The first terminal of the DC charging port is connected to the first terminal of the switching module, and the second terminal is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack. The first terminal of the battery pack is connected to the second terminal of the switching module, and the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage element.

3. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 2, wherein, The switching module includes: A first switch, wherein a first end of the first switch is connected to a first terminal of the DC charging port, and a second end of the first switch is connected to a first terminal of the battery pack; The second switch has a first end connected to the first pole of the DC charging port and a second end connected to the second end of the energy storage element. The third switch has its first end connected to the neutral point of the motor and its second end connected to the second end of the energy storage element.

4. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 3, wherein, The battery heating topology circuit also includes a heating module, and the energy storage element is disposed within the heating module.

5. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 3, wherein, The energy storage element includes a first capacitor, which is disposed within the switching module.

6. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 3, wherein, The battery heating topology circuit also includes a heating module, which includes a second capacitor and a fourth switch. The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the battery pack, and the second capacitor is the energy storage element.

7. The battery heating topology circuit according to claim 6, wherein, The first terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the neutral point of the motor, and the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the third terminal of the switch module.

8. An electrical device comprising a battery heating topology circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

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