A bridge bearing and a bridge

Abstract

This invention provides a bridge bearing and a bridge. The bridge bearing includes a base plate, a top plate, and a shear support block connected between the base plate and the top plate. The shear support block can buffer the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the base plate through deformation. In this bridge bearing, the base plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bridge pier, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bridge beam. The shear support block is disposed between the base plate and the top plate. The shear support block can buffer the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the base plate through deformation. When the bridge beam overturns and sways due to external vibration, the shear support block buffers the overturning and swaying of the beam, thereby effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and reducing the energy transmitted from vibration to the bridge structure, thus effectively protecting the bridge structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge technology, and particularly to a bridge bearing and a bridge. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings are crucial components of bridges, primarily functioning to transmit vertical or horizontal forces and absorb various deformations. There are two main types of bridge bearings: shear bearings and sliding bearings. Shear bearings mainly include bridge seismic isolation rubber bearings (GB20688), highway bridge plate rubber bearings (JT / T4), and high-load-bearing-capacity bridge plate seismic isolation bearings (TCECS 10155). Sliding bearings mainly include bridge spherical bearings (GB17955) and highway bridge pot bearings (JT / T 391). Shear bearings are generally composed of a composite of rubber and steel plates, bearing loads through the rubber material, and their load-bearing capacity is limited. Sliding bearings typically have sliding pairs that allow the bearing to move with the bridge structure.

[0003] Currently, sliding bearings are more commonly used. For example, patent CN212077607U discloses a spiral adjustable bridge bearing that uses the sliding between a spherical sliding plate and a spherical crown plate to adapt to the swing of the beam. However, in use, the above bearing can only adapt to the swing of the beam through the sliding between the spherical sliding plate and the spherical crown plate, which cannot effectively play the role of shock absorption and earthquake resistance. This will cause the bridge structure to be subjected to greater impact under external vibration, and cannot effectively reduce the energy transmitted by vibration to the bridge structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that sliding bearings cannot effectively reduce and resist vibrations, leading to significant impacts on bridge structures under external vibrations and failing to effectively reduce the energy transmitted from vibrations to the bridge structure. This invention provides a bridge bearing and a bridge.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A bridge bearing, comprising:

[0007] Base plate;

[0008] roof;

[0009] A shear support block, connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, can cushion the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the bottom plate by deformation.

[0010] The present invention discloses a bridge bearing comprising a base plate, a top plate, and a shear support block. The base plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bridge pier, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bridge beam. The shear support block is disposed between the base plate and the top plate. The shear support block can buffer the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the base plate through deformation. When the beam is subjected to external vibration and overturns, the shear support block buffers the overturning and swaying of the beam, thereby effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and reducing the energy transmitted from vibration to the bridge structure, thus achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0011] Preferably, the shear support block can buffer the movement and overturning sway of the top plate relative to the bottom plate through deformation. Buffering the movement of the top plate relative to the bottom plate through the deformation of the shear support block means that while buffering the overturning sway of the top plate, it can also buffer the movement of the top plate during the overturning sway. In other words, the bridge bearing of the present invention can buffer the overturning sway and movement of the beam under external vibrations, enabling the bridge bearing of the present invention to adapt to beam movement under complex conditions, thus broadening its applicability and further protecting the beam.

[0012] Preferably, the system further includes an annular support assembly connected between the bottom plate and the top plate. The top plate can move and tilt relative to the bottom plate via the annular support assembly. By providing the support assembly, the top plate can move and tilt relative to the bottom plate, allowing the bridge bearing to adapt to the movement of the bridge beam under external vibrations. Simultaneously, the shear support block acts as a buffer during beam movement, effectively protecting the bridge structure. Furthermore, compared to traditional shear deformation bearings that rely on rubber materials to bear the load, the bridge bearing of this invention, with its annular support assembly between the top and bottom plates, supports the top plate and bears the load transmitted from it, resulting in stronger load-bearing capacity and a wider range of applications. Additionally, because the two ends of the shear support block are connected to the top and bottom plates, the shear support block provides cushioning during top plate movement relative to the bottom plate. The deformation of the support block buffers the movement of the top plate, enabling the bridge bearing of the present invention to not only have a movement buffering effect when the beam moves, but also to have a stronger load-bearing capacity. Compared with traditional sliding bearings, the bridge bearing of the present invention allows the top plate to move and overturn relative to the bottom plate through the ring support assembly when the beam overturns, swings, or moves, in order to adapt to the movement and swing of the beam. At the same time, the deformation of the shear support block can also buffer the movement and overturning of the top plate. Thus, the bridge bearing of the present invention can also protect the beam when adapting to the beam movement under complex conditions, effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0013] Preferably, the annular support assembly includes:

[0014] An annular base is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the upper part of the annular base has a first annular inclined surface that is inclined toward the center of the annular base;

[0015] A spherical annular sliding plate is disposed on the first annular inclined surface of the annular base;

[0016] An annular sliding ring is slidably disposed on the spherical annular sliding plate around the center line of the annular base;

[0017] A planar annular sliding plate is disposed on the upper surface of the annular sliding ring. The planar annular sliding plate is slidably connected to the top plate, allowing the top plate to move relative to the planar annular sliding plate.

[0018] The top plate and the annular support assembly are configured such that when the top plate is subjected to an external force and needs to tilt and swing, the whole consisting of the top plate, the planar annular sliding plate, and the annular sliding ring can move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate, so that the top plate can tilt and swing relative to the annular support assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the first upper surface of the spherical annular sliding plate slides in contact with the second lower surface of the annular sliding ring. The first upper surface is a first spherical structure, and the second lower surface is a second spherical structure that matches the shape of the first upper surface. The spherical structure of the second lower surface of the annular sliding ring slides against the spherical structure of the first upper surface of the spherical annular sliding plate, causing the entire assembly of the top plate, the planar annular sliding plate, and the annular sliding ring to move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate.

[0020] Preferably, a first annular mounting groove is formed on the first annular inclined surface, and the spherical annular sliding plate is fixedly installed in the first annular mounting groove.

[0021] Preferably, a second annular mounting groove is formed on the second upper surface of the annular sliding ring, and the planar annular sliding plate is disposed in the second annular mounting groove.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes a first annular slide plate, which is disposed on the lower surface of the top plate, and the top plate is slidably connected to the planar annular slide plate via the first annular slide plate.

[0023] Preferably, the shear support block comprises:

[0024] The upper connecting plate is connected to the top plate;

[0025] The lower connecting plate is connected to the base plate;

[0026] A shear deformation block is connected between the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate. The shear deformation block is configured such that when the top plate moves and tilts, the top plate drives the shear deformation block to move together through the upper connecting plate. The shear deformation block can deform to buffer the tilting and movement of the top plate.

[0027] Preferably, the shear support block is disposed within the internal region of the annular support assembly, and a limiting structure exists between the shear support block and the annular support assembly. By disposing of the shear support block within the annular support assembly, the shear support block is protected from damage by external people or objects. Furthermore, because the shear support block is disposed within the annular support assembly, a limiting structure is formed between the upper connecting plate and the annular sliding ring. When the top plate slides along the annular support assembly, the upper connecting plate can limit the shear support block when it moves to abut against the inner wall of the annular sliding ring. This limits the maximum sliding displacement of the top plate, thereby ensuring the safety of the bridge.

[0028] Preferably, the annular support assembly is detachably connected to the top plate, the upper connecting plate is detachably connected to the top plate, and the lower connecting plate is detachably connected to the bottom plate. Because the annular support assembly is detachably connected to the top plate, the upper connecting plate of the shear support block is detachably connected to the top plate, and the lower connecting plate of the shear support block is detachably connected to the bottom plate, when the shear support block is damaged or reaches the end of its service life, the top plate located on the annular support assembly can be removed, and then the shear support block inside the annular support assembly can be disassembled, facilitating the replacement of the shear support block. This effectively extends the service life of the bridge bearing described in this invention and saves on subsequent maintenance costs.

[0029] Preferably, a reserved space is provided between the annular support assembly and the shear support block. This reserved space allows the annular support assembly to accommodate deformations caused by the shear support block. By providing this reserved space, the shear support block is given room to deform, thus facilitating its buffering function through deformation. Simultaneously, the reserved space allows the annular support assembly and the shear support block to be separated, providing operational space for subsequent replacement of the shear support block and simplifying the replacement process.

[0030] Preferably, the shear deformation block is made of a high-elasticity modulus polymer material, wherein the elastic modulus of the high-elasticity modulus polymer material is greater than or equal to 2.0 MPa. By introducing a high-elasticity modulus polymer material and incorporating it into the bridge bearing of the present invention, the high shear elastic modulus and strong deformation capacity of the high-elasticity modulus polymer material composite are fully utilized, enabling the bridge bearing of the present invention to meet the buffering requirements of the bridge during overturning, swaying, and movement. At the same time, since the shear deformation block is in a closed space and is subjected to uniform stress, and the shear deformation block is made of a high-elasticity modulus polymer material, it has a long service life, giving the bridge bearing of the present invention a greater advantage in durability.

[0031] This invention also discloses a bridge, comprising piers, beams, and bridge bearings as described in this invention, wherein,

[0032] The base plate is connected to the bridge pier;

[0033] The top plate is connected to the beam.

[0034] The present invention provides a bridge, including a bridge bearing as described herein. When the bridge beam is subjected to external vibrations and overturns or sways, the bridge bearing acts as a buffer to effectively reduce the impact of external forces on the bridge structure, thereby reducing the energy transmitted from the vibration to the bridge structure and thus effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. A bridge bearing according to the present invention includes a base plate, a top plate, and a shear support block. The base plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bridge pier, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bridge beam. The shear support block is disposed between the base plate and the top plate. The shear support block can buffer the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the base plate through deformation. When the beam is subjected to external vibration and overturns, the shear support block buffers the overturning and swaying of the beam, thereby effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and reducing the energy of vibration transmitted to the bridge structure, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0037] 2. The bridge bearing of this invention, by setting a support assembly, allows the top plate to move and tilt relative to the bottom plate, thereby enabling the bearing to adapt to the movement of the beam under external vibrations. Simultaneously, the shear support block acts as a buffer during beam movement, effectively protecting the bridge structure. Furthermore, compared to traditional shear deformation bearings that bear loads using rubber materials, the bridge bearing of this invention, due to the ring support assembly between the top and bottom plates, supports the top plate and bears the load transmitted from it, resulting in stronger load-bearing capacity and a wider range of applications. Additionally, because the two ends of the shear support block are connected to the top and bottom plates, the bearing capacity is significantly increased when the top plate is relative to the bottom plate. During movement, the deformation of the shear support block buffers the movement of the top plate, enabling the bridge bearing of the present invention to not only have a movement buffering effect when the beam moves, but also to have stronger load-bearing capacity. Compared with traditional sliding bearings, the bridge bearing of the present invention allows the top plate to move and overturn relative to the bottom plate through the ring support assembly when the beam overturns and moves, in order to adapt to the movement of the beam. At the same time, the deformation of the shear support block buffers the movement and overturning of the top plate. This allows the bridge bearing of the present invention to protect the beam when adapting to the movement of the beam under complex conditions, effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0038] 3. The bridge bearing of the present invention protects the shear support block by setting it in the internal region of the annular support assembly, preventing damage from people or objects. Furthermore, since the shear support block is set in the internal region of the annular support assembly, a limiting structure is formed between the upper connecting plate and the annular sliding ring. When the top plate slides along the annular support assembly, the upper connecting plate can limit the shear support block when it moves to abut against the inner wall of the annular sliding ring. Thus, the maximum sliding displacement of the top plate is limited by the shear support block, thereby ensuring the safety of the bridge.

[0039] 4. A bridge bearing according to the present invention, wherein the annular support assembly is detachably connected to the top plate, the upper connecting plate is detachably connected to the top plate, and the lower connecting plate is detachably connected to the bottom plate. The annular support assembly is detachably connected to the top plate, the upper connecting plate of the shear support block is detachably connected to the top plate, and the lower connecting plate of the shear support block is detachably connected to the bottom plate. When the shear support block is damaged or its service life expires, the top plate located on the annular support assembly can be removed, and then the shear support block inside the annular support assembly can be disassembled, thereby facilitating the replacement of the shear support block and effectively extending the service life of the bridge bearing according to the present invention, saving on subsequent maintenance costs.

[0040] 5. The bridge bearing of the present invention, by introducing a high elastic modulus polymer material and incorporating it into the bridge bearing, fully utilizes the characteristics of high elastic modulus polymer material composites, such as high shear elastic modulus and strong deformation capacity. This enables the bridge bearing of the present invention to meet the buffering requirements of bridges during overturning, swaying, and movement. At the same time, because the shear deformation block is in a closed space and is uniformly stressed, and the shear deformation block is made of high elastic modulus polymer material, it has a long service life, giving the bridge bearing of the present invention a greater advantage in durability.

[0041] 6. The bridge described in this invention includes a bridge bearing as described in this invention. When the beam body is subjected to external vibration and overturns or sways, the bridge bearing provides a buffering effect, thereby effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and reducing the energy transmitted from vibration to the bridge structure, thus achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram (half-sectional schematic diagram) of a bridge bearing according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0044] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a bridge support according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a bridge bearing according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding state of a bridge support according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding limit state of a bridge bearing according to the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the swing state of a bridge support according to the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a bridge bearing as described in this invention during sliding and oscillation.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical annular sliding plate structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical annular sliding plate structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the annular sliding ring structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the annular sliding ring structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the annular base structure of the present invention.

[0055] In the diagram, the markings are: 10-base plate, 11-first pin hole, 12-base plate bolt, 20-ring support assembly, 21-ring base, 22-spherical ring slide plate, 221-first upper surface, 223-first lower surface, 23-ring sliding ring, 231-second upper surface, 232-second lower surface, 24-flat ring slide plate, 25-first ring mounting groove, 26-second ring mounting groove, 30-top plate, 31-second pin hole, 32-top plate bolt, 40-shear support block, 41-lower connecting plate, 42-lower fixing pin, 43-upper connecting plate, 44-upper fixing pin, 45-shear deformation block, 50-first ring slide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figures 1-4 , Figure 7 As shown, a bridge bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0059] Base plate;

[0060] roof;

[0061] A shear support block, connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, can cushion the overturning and swaying of the top plate relative to the bottom plate by deformation.

[0062] The bridge bearing of the present invention includes a base plate 10, a top plate 30, and a shear support block 40. The base plate 10 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bridge pier, and the top plate 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bridge beam. The shear support block 40 is disposed between the base plate 10 and the top plate 30. The shear support block 40 can buffer the overturning and swaying of the top plate 30 relative to the base plate 10 by deformation. When the beam is subjected to external vibration and overturning and swaying, the shear support block 40 buffers the overturning and swaying of the beam, thereby effectively reducing the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and reducing the energy of vibration transmitted to the bridge structure, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0063] A preferred method, such as Figure 8 As shown, the shear support block 40 can buffer the movement and overturning of the top plate 30 relative to the bottom plate 10 through deformation. The deformation of the shear support block 40 buffers the movement of the top plate 30 relative to the bottom plate 10. That is, while buffering the overturning and swinging of the top plate 30, it can also buffer the movement of the top plate 30 during the overturning and swinging process. In other words, the bridge bearing described in this invention can buffer the overturning, swinging and movement of the beam under external vibration, so that the bridge bearing described in this invention can adapt to the beam movement under complex conditions, and its application range is wider. At the same time, it can also further protect the beam.

[0064] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8As shown, it also includes a ring support assembly 20, which is connected between the bottom plate 10 and the top plate 30. The top plate 30 moves and tilts relative to the bottom plate 10 via the ring support assembly 20. By setting the support assembly 20, the top plate 30 can move and tilt relative to the bottom plate 10, thus enabling the bridge bearing to adapt to the movement of the beam under external vibrations. Simultaneously, the shear support block 40 acts as a buffer during beam movement, effectively protecting the bridge structure. Furthermore, compared to traditional shear deformation bearings that use rubber materials to bear the load, the bridge bearing of this invention, due to the ring support assembly 20 between the top plate 30 and the bottom plate 10, supports the top plate 30 and bears the load transmitted from the top plate 30, resulting in stronger load-bearing capacity and a wider range of applications. Additionally, because the two ends of the shear support block 40 are connected to the top and bottom plates, the top plate 30 can move and tilt relative to the bottom plate 10 during beam movement. When the beam moves, the deformation of the shear support block 40 buffers the movement of the top plate 30, so that the bridge bearing of the present invention not only has a movement buffering effect when the beam moves, but also has a stronger load-bearing capacity. Compared with the traditional sliding bearing, when the beam overturns and moves, the top plate 30 can move and overturn relative to the bottom plate 10 through the ring support component 20 to adapt to the movement of the beam. At the same time, the deformation of the shear support block 40 can also buffer the movement and overturning of the top plate 30. Thus, the bridge bearing of the present invention can also protect the beam when adapting to the movement of the beam under complex conditions, so as to effectively reduce the impact of external forces on the bridge structure and achieve the purpose of effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0065] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the annular support assembly 20 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base plate 10 along the circumference of the base plate 10, so that the annular support assembly 20 matches the base plate 10.

[0066] A preferred method, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the annular support assembly 20 includes an annular base 21, a spherical annular sliding plate 22, an annular sliding ring 23, and a flat annular sliding plate 24. The diameter of the annular base 21 matches the diameter of the base plate 10. The annular base 21 is fixedly connected to the base plate 10 as a whole by welding, casting, bolting, or other methods. The upper part of the annular base 21 has a first annular inclined surface 211 that slopes towards the center of the annular base 21. Figure 4 , Figure 13 ;

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, the spherical annular sliding plate 22 is fixedly installed on the first annular inclined surface 211 of the annular base 21, as... Figure 9As shown, the spherical annular slide plate 22 has a first upper surface 221, which is inclined toward the center of the spherical annular slide plate 22;

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, the annular sliding ring 23 is slidably mounted on the spherical annular sliding plate 22 around the center line of the annular base 21. Figure 12 As shown, the annular sliding ring 23 has a second lower surface 232, which is inclined toward the center of the annular sliding ring 23. When the annular sliding ring 23 is installed on the spherical annular sliding plate 22, the second lower surface 232 is in contact with the first upper surface 221.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the planar annular sliding plate 24 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the annular sliding ring 23;

[0070] The top plate 30 is slidably connected to the flat annular slide plate 24, that is, the top plate 30 slides in contact with the upper surface of the flat annular slide plate 24, so that the top plate 30 can move on the upper surface of the flat annular slide plate 24. When the top plate 30 does not overturn or swing, the top plate 30 moves horizontally on the upper surface of the flat annular slide plate 24.

[0071] Furthermore, the top plate 30 and the annular support assembly 20 are configured such that when the top plate 30 is subjected to external force and needs to overturn and swing, the top plate 30, the planar annular sliding plate 24 and the annular sliding ring 23 form a whole, and the whole can move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22, so that the top plate 30 can overturn and swing relative to the annular support assembly 20 to adapt to the overturning and swinging of the bridge beam (such as the overturning and swinging of the beam under the action of an earthquake).

[0072] A preferred method, such as Figure 9 , Figure 12 As shown, the first upper surface 221 of the spherical annular sliding plate 22 slides in contact with the second lower surface 232 of the annular sliding ring 23. The first upper surface 221 of the spherical annular sliding plate 22 is a first spherical structure, and the second lower surface 232 of the annular sliding ring 23 is a second spherical structure that matches the shape of the first upper surface 221. The second spherical structure of the second lower surface 232 slides and abuts against the first spherical structure of the first upper surface 221, thereby enabling the whole consisting of the top plate 30, the planar annular sliding plate 24, and the annular sliding ring 23 to move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22 to accommodate the swaying of the bridge beam, such as... Figure 7When the beam body experiences a small range of swaying under stress (such as during an earthquake), the beam body applies an external force to the top plate 30. After being subjected to the external force, the top plate 30 can move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22. During the movement, the second spherical structure of the annular sliding ring 23 makes sliding contact with the first spherical structure of the spherical annular sliding plate 22, thereby enabling the annular sliding ring 23 to move in multiple directions on the spherical annular sliding plate 22. This allows the entire structure consisting of the top plate 30, the planar annular sliding plate 24, and the annular sliding ring 23 to move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22, thereby enabling the top plate 30 to sway. Thus, the bridge support described in this invention can adapt to the small range of swaying of the beam body.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the spherical annular slide plate 22 is made of a polymer material, such as PTFE sheet. The first upper surface 221 of the spherical annular slide plate 22 is processed into a first spherical structure. The annular sliding ring 23 is made of steel, and the second lower surface 232 is processed into a second spherical structure. The shape of the second spherical structure matches that of the first spherical structure. After the first spherical structure and the second spherical structure make sliding contact, the annular sliding ring 23 makes sliding contact with the first spherical structure of the spherical annular slide plate 22 through the second spherical structure, thereby enabling the annular sliding ring 23 to slide in multiple directions on the spherical annular slide plate 22 and achieve multi-directional movement.

[0074] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 , Figure 10 As shown, when the top plate 30 tilts and swings, the annular sliding ring 23 will move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22. Therefore, the spherical annular sliding plate 22 needs to be installed securely to ensure the stability of the annular sliding ring 23 during relative movement. A first annular mounting groove 25 is provided on the first annular inclined surface 211 of the annular base 21, as shown. Figure 13 The first annular mounting groove 25 matches the shape of the spherical annular sliding plate 22. That is, the first lower surface 223 of the spherical annular sliding plate 22 is an annular inward inclined slope structure. The spherical annular sliding plate 22 is fixedly installed in the first annular mounting groove 25 to ensure that the spherical annular sliding plate 22 will not be displaced on the first annular inclined surface 211 of the annular base 21, thereby playing a limiting role and ensuring the stability of the spherical annular sliding plate 22 on the annular base 21.

[0075] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 , Figure 11As shown, the second upper surface 231 of the annular sliding ring 23 is a planar structure. In order to stably install the planar annular sliding plate 24 and ensure the stability of the top plate 30 when sliding relative to the planar annular sliding plate 24, a second annular mounting groove 26 is provided on the second upper surface 231. The second annular mounting groove 26 matches the shape of the planar annular sliding plate 24. The planar annular sliding plate 24 is fixedly installed in the second annular mounting groove 26 to ensure that the planar annular sliding plate 24 remains stable when the top plate 30 slides relative to the planar annular sliding plate 24.

[0076] A preferred method, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the bridge support of the present invention further includes a first annular sliding plate 50. The first annular sliding plate 50 is disposed on the lower surface of the top plate 30 along the circumference of the top plate 30. The first annular sliding plate 50 is fixed to the top plate 30 by welding or riveting. The inner side of the first annular sliding plate 50 extends to the outer peripheral sidewall near the shear support block 40, and the outer side of the first annular sliding plate 50 extends to the outer side near the top plate 30. The first annular sliding plate 50 is slidably connected to the annular support assembly 20, that is, the first annular sliding plate 50 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the planar annular sliding plate 24. The top plate 30 can move by sliding relative to the upper surface of the planar annular sliding plate 24 through the first annular sliding plate 50. Furthermore, in order to make the first annular sliding plate 50 have better wear resistance and effectively protect the top plate 30, the first annular sliding plate 50 is preferably made of stainless steel plate, so that the first annular sliding plate 50 has a smooth surface.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the top plate 30 and the bottom plate 10 are preferably made of steel plates.

[0078] A preferred method, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the shear support block 40 includes a lower connecting plate 41, a lower fixing pin 42, an upper connecting plate 43, an upper fixing pin 44, and a shear deformation block 45. The lower connecting plate 41 has a lower fixing pin 42 extending downwards along its center line at its center, and the lower connecting plate 41 is connected to the base plate 10 via the lower fixing pin 42. The upper connecting plate 43 has an upper fixing pin 44 extending upwards along its center line at its center, and the upper connecting plate 43 is connected to the top plate 30 via the upper fixing pin 44. The shear deformation block 45 is disposed between the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43. The lower surface of the shear deformation block 45 is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 41, and the upper surface of the shear deformation block 45 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 43. Figure 5 , Figures 7-8 As shown, when the top plate 30 moves and tilts along the annular support assembly 20, the top plate 30 drives the upper connecting plate 43 to move together via the upper fixing pin 44. The upper connecting plate 43 drives the shear deformation block 45 to generate horizontal shear deformation, thereby buffering the movement and tilting of the top plate 30.

[0079] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the shear support block 40 is disposed within the internal region of the annular support assembly 20. By disposing of the shear support block 40 within the internal region of the annular support assembly 20, the shear support block 40 is protected, preventing damage from external people or objects. Furthermore, because the shear support block 40 is disposed within the internal region of the annular support assembly 20, a limiting structure is formed between the upper connecting plate 43 and the annular sliding ring 23. When the top plate 30 slides along the annular support assembly 20, the upper connecting plate 43 can limit the shear support block 40 when it moves to abut against the inner wall of the annular sliding ring 23. Figure 6 As shown, the maximum sliding displacement of the top plate 30 is limited by the shear support block 40, thereby ensuring the safety of the bridge. Among the components of the annular support assembly 20, the annular base 21, the spherical annular sliding plate 22, the annular sliding ring 23, and the planar annular sliding plate 24 all have inner holes, i.e., there are hollow areas. Therefore, the hollow areas of the annular base 21, the spherical annular sliding plate 22, the annular sliding ring 23, and the planar annular sliding plate 24 together form the internal area of ​​the annular support assembly 20, which facilitates the installation of the shear support block 40 inside the annular support assembly 20 and provides space for the shear support block 40 to work together with the annular support assembly 20.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the annular support assembly 20 is detachably connected to the top plate 30, that is, the top plate 30 is detachably connected to the flat annular sliding plate 24. In this embodiment, the top plate 30 is placed on the upper surface of the flat annular sliding plate 24, thereby achieving a detachable connection between the top plate 30 and the flat annular sliding plate 24. Simultaneously, since the top plate 30 is connected to the upper connecting plate 43, and a limiting structure is formed between the upper connecting plate 43 and the annular sliding ring 23, partial detachment of the top plate 30 from the flat annular sliding plate 24 can be prevented, i.e., partial detachment of the top plate 30 from the annular support assembly 20 can be prevented. Because the annular support assembly 20 is detachably connected to the top plate 30, the upper connecting plate 43 of the shear support block 40 is detachably connected to the top plate 30, and the lower connecting plate 41 of the shear support block 40 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 10, when the shear support block 40 is damaged or its service life expires, the top plate 30 located on the annular support assembly 20 can be removed, and then the shear support block 40 in the internal area of ​​the annular support assembly 20 can be disassembled, thereby facilitating the replacement of the shear support block 40. This can effectively extend the service life of the bridge bearing described in this invention and save on the maintenance costs of the bridge bearing in the later stages.

[0081] A preferred method, such as Figures 4-8As shown, a reserved space 60 is provided between the annular support assembly 20 and the shear support block 40. The reserved space 60 is used for the annular support assembly 20 to adapt to the shear deformation generated by the shear support block 40 when the top plate 30 moves and overturns. By providing the reserved space 60 between the annular support assembly 20 and the shear support block 40, space is provided for the shear support block 40 to generate shear deformation, thereby facilitating the shear support block 40 to play its buffering role through shear deformation. At the same time, by providing the reserved space, the annular support assembly 20 and the shear support block 40 can be separated, thereby providing operating space for subsequent replacement of the shear support block 40 and facilitating the replacement of the shear support block 40.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the inner hole area of ​​each annular component of the annular support assembly 20 is greater than the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the shear support block 40. When the shear support block 40 is a cylinder, the inner hole diameter of each annular component of the annular support assembly 20 is greater than the diameter of the shear support block 40.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, both the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43 are circular plates with equal diameters. The shear deformation block 45 is cylindrical, with a diameter slightly smaller than that of the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43. The lower and upper end faces of the shear deformation block 45 are bonded to the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43 as a whole by heat vulcanization. Connecting holes are provided at the centers of both the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43. The lower fixing pin 42 and the upper fixing pin 44 are inserted into the connecting holes of the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43 by interference fit to secure them together, thus fixing the lower connecting plate 41 and the lower fixing pin 42 as a whole, and fixing the upper connecting plate 43 and the upper fixing pin 44 as a whole. Further, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, a first pin hole 11 extending along its thickness direction is opened at the center of the base plate 10, and a second pin hole 31 extending along its thickness direction is opened at the center of the top plate 30. The lower fixing pin 42 and the upper fixing pin 44 are respectively inserted into the first pin hole 11 and the second pin hole 31 in a clearance fit manner to connect with the base plate 10 and the top plate 30 respectively. Since the lower fixing pin 42 and the upper fixing pin 44 are connected to the base plate 10 and the top plate 30 respectively through clearance fit, the lower connecting plate 41 and the upper connecting plate 43 are detachably connected to the base plate 10 and the top plate 30, thereby making the shear support block 40 detachably connected to the top plate 30 and the base plate 10. This facilitates the replacement of the shear support block 40, thereby effectively extending the service life of the bridge bearing and saving the maintenance cost of the bridge bearing in the later stage.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the shear deformation block 45 is made of a high-elasticity modulus polymer material. The shear deformation block 45 made of this high-elasticity modulus polymer material has a high shear elastic modulus and strong deformation capacity. This allows for a reduction in the overall structural size of the shear support block 40 while maintaining the supporting force and deformation capacity, saving costs and enhancing economic efficiency. Simultaneously, the support body and the shear deformation block 45 made of the high-elasticity modulus polymer material are organically combined to form a new support structure, giving the originally non-horizontal spherical support horizontal stiffness. In this embodiment, the high-elasticity modulus polymer material is preferably polyurethane, which has an elastic modulus of 1.0 MPa compared to general rubber. In this embodiment, the polyurethane has an elastic modulus of 2.0 MPa to 4.0 MPa. Alternatively, styrene-butadiene rubber with an elastic modulus of 2.0 MPa to 10.0 MPa or silicone rubber with an elastic modulus of 2.0 MPa to 5.0 MPa can be selected. Furthermore, in this embodiment, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene rubber, and silicone rubber, due to their high elastic modulus, can produce large deformations to generate a cushioning effect.

[0085] The bridge bearing described in this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the base plate 10, annular base 21, spherical annular sliding plate 22, annular sliding ring 23, planar annular sliding plate 24, first annular sliding plate 50, and top plate 30 can be considered as a hollow spherical support, capable of fulfilling the function of a spherical support itself to transfer loads. Its force transmission path is as follows: the upper vertical load is sequentially transferred to the pier through the top plate 30, first annular sliding plate 50, planar annular sliding plate 24, annular sliding ring 23, spherical annular sliding plate 22, annular base 21, and base plate 10. The shear support block 40 can buffer and dampen vertical loads; for example... Figure 5 As shown, the movement occurs as follows: the top plate 30 and the first annular sliding plate 50 form a whole that slides relative to each other on the upper surface of the planar annular sliding plate 24; as... Figure 7 As shown, the overturning and oscillating mechanism is as follows: the overall movement of the top plate 30, the first annular sliding plate 50, the planar annular sliding plate 24, and the annular sliding ring 23 relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22; as Figure 8 As shown, when movement and overturning occur simultaneously, the top plate 30, the first annular sliding plate 50, the planar annular sliding plate 24, and the annular sliding ring 23 move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate 22, while the top plate 30 slides relative to the upper surface of the planar annular sliding plate 24. During the above movement, the shear support block 40 can undergo shear deformation, thereby generating shear force to buffer the movement and overturning of the top plate 30.

[0086] The bridge bearing described in this embodiment consists of a base plate 10, an annular support assembly 20, a top plate 30, and a shear support block 40. It can not only adapt to complex bridge requirements, but also has a simple structure, is easy to install and disassemble, and allows for easy replacement of the shear support block 40, effectively extending the service life of the bridge bearing. It is suitable for widespread use.

[0087] Furthermore, the lower connecting plate 41, lower fixing pin 42, upper connecting plate 43, upper fixing pin 44, and shear deformation block 45 can be considered as a composite whole. The lower fixing pin 42 is fixed relative to the base plate 10, and when the top plate 30 slides, it drives the shear deformation block 45 to shear and deform through the upper fixing pin 44. Figure 6 As shown, the upper connecting plate 43 and the annular sliding ring 23 form a limiting structure. That is, when the shear deformation block 45 and the top plate 30 move horizontally together until the outer circular surface of the end of the upper connecting plate 43 contacts the inner circular surface of the annular sliding ring 23, the annular sliding ring 23 restricts the upper connecting plate 43 from continuing to slide, thus forming a limiting structure.

[0088] Compared with the prior art, the bridge bearing described in this embodiment inherits the advantages of sliding bearings, such as large bearing capacity and long service life, while also possessing the horizontal stiffness that only shear deformation bearings have. The bridge bearing described in this embodiment also has a horizontal limiting function, which can save the overall cost for bridges that need to be equipped with a separate limiting structure.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes a bridge, comprising piers, beams, and the bridge bearings described in Embodiment 1, wherein,

[0091] The base plate is connected to the bridge pier;

[0092] The top plate is connected to the beam.

[0093] The bridge described in this embodiment includes a bridge bearing as described in this invention. When the bridge beam is subjected to external vibrations and overturns, the bridge bearing acts as a buffer to effectively reduce the impact of external forces on the bridge structure, thereby reducing the energy transmitted from vibrations to the bridge structure and thus effectively protecting the bridge structure.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge bearing, characterized in that, include: Base plate (10); Top plate (30); A shear support block (40) is connected between the bottom plate (10) and the top plate (30). The shear support block (40) can buffer the overturning swing of the top plate (30) relative to the bottom plate (10) by deformation. The shear support block (40) can cushion the movement and overturning of the top plate (30) relative to the bottom plate (10) by deformation; It also includes a ring support assembly (20), which is connected between the bottom plate (10) and the top plate (30), and the top plate (30) moves and tilts relative to the bottom plate (10) through the ring support assembly (20); The annular support assembly (20) includes: An annular base (21) is fixedly connected to the base plate (10), and the upper part of the annular base (21) has a surface facing the base plate (10). The first annular inclined surface (211) at the center of the annular base (21); A spherical annular sliding plate (22) is disposed on the first annular inclined surface (211); An annular sliding ring (23) is slidably mounted on the spherical annular sliding plate (22); A planar annular sliding plate (24) is disposed on the upper surface of the annular sliding ring (23). The planar annular sliding plate (24) is slidably connected to the top plate (30), so that the top plate (30) can move relative to the planar annular sliding plate (24). The top plate (30) and the annular support assembly (20) are configured such that when the top plate (30) is subjected to an external force and needs to tilt and swing, the whole consisting of the top plate (30), the planar annular sliding plate (24) and the annular sliding ring (23) can move relative to the spherical annular sliding plate (22), so that the top plate (30) can tilt and swing relative to the annular support assembly (20).

2. A bridge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first upper surface (221) of the spherical annular sliding plate (22) is in sliding contact with the second lower surface (232) of the annular sliding ring (23). The first upper surface (221) is a first spherical structure, and the second lower surface (232) is a second spherical structure that matches the shape of the first upper surface (221).

3. A bridge bearing according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The shear support block (40) includes: The upper connecting plate (43) is connected to the top plate (30); The lower connecting plate (41) is connected to the base plate (10); A shear deformation block (45) is connected between the lower connecting plate (41) and the upper connecting plate (43). The shear deformation block (45) is configured such that when the top plate (30) moves and tilts, the top plate (30) drives the shear deformation block (45) to move together through the upper connecting plate (43). The shear deformation block (45) can deform to buffer the tilting and movement of the top plate (30).

4. A bridge bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shear support block (40) is disposed in the internal region of the annular support assembly (20), and the shear support block (40) and the annular support assembly (20) have a limiting structure.

5. A bridge bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular support assembly (20) is detachably connected to the top plate (30), the upper connecting plate (43) is detachably connected to the top plate (30), and the lower connecting plate (41) is detachably connected to the bottom plate (10).

6. A bridge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear support block (40) is made of a high elastic modulus polymer material, wherein the elastic modulus of the high elastic modulus polymer material is greater than or equal to 2.0 MPa.

7. A bridge, characterized in that, Includes bridge piers, beams, and bridge bearings as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The base plate (10) is connected to the bridge pier; The top plate (30) is connected to the beam.

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