A negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing, comprising an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a seismic isolation element, a tensile device and a base with four groups of adjustment mechanisms, wherein the lower end of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element, the lower end of the seismic isolation element is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, the tensile device is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the lower end of the lower connecting plate is connected to the base with four groups of adjustment mechanisms via chemical anchor bolts. The advantages of the present invention are that the use of negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial for seismic isolation not only has strong compression resistance and high energy absorption and energy dissipation performance, but also overcomes the temperature dependence of conventional rubber seismic isolation devices. The bearing can be combined with the tensile device surrounding the seismic isolation element to improve the bearing's pull-out resistance. According to different structural performance requirements, the applicability of the seismic isolation bearing can be increased by adjusting the lattice composition of the negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial and the height of the seismic isolation bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vibration reduction and isolation control, and in particular to a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial isolation bearing. Background Art

[0002] Earthquake disasters have a devastating impact, characterized by suddenness, high destructiveness, and randomness. my country is a country prone to earthquake disasters, and megacities and key projects are in urgent need of seismic fortification. As critical urban infrastructure and lifeline projects, airport terminal seismic isolation design has garnered increasing attention in recent years. As the facility with the largest passenger flow within an airport, the terminal's seismic fortification capability is crucial. Its large size, wide spans, and complex structure pose a primary challenge. Therefore, flexible isolation bearings with superior seismic isolation performance are urgently needed in airport terminal construction.

[0003] Traditional rubber isolation bearings often experience loosening and aging of the rubber material over time, which in turn affects their lifespan and isolation performance. Furthermore, the rubber material in traditional rubber isolation bearings is significantly affected by ambient temperature, exhibiting issues such as instantaneous hardening at low temperatures, crystallization hardening at low temperatures, hysteretic heating, and decreased energy dissipation at high temperatures.

[0004] Metamaterials are artificial materials with extraordinary physical properties not found in natural materials. Lattice mechanical metamaterials, manufactured using 3D printing technology, overcome the temperature dependence of conventional rubber isolation devices. They feature lightweight, high strength, a negative Poisson's ratio, and negative stiffness. Their impact resistance and fracture toughness are significantly superior to those of rubber. Lattice mechanical metamaterials also exhibit excellent shock absorption properties. When subjected to pressure, they produce a negative Poisson's ratio effect, absorbing significant amounts of energy.

[0005] Isolation bearings are mainly used to reduce the destructive effects of earthquakes on structures. In some earthquake situations, large tensile forces may be generated at the bearings, but general isolation bearings have no ability to resist the tensile forces on the structure or their ability to resist the tensile forces on the structure is insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a seismic isolation element, a tensile device and an adjustable base. The lower end of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element, and the seismic isolation element comprises an outer layer of rubber, a lattice mechanical metamaterial, a steel plate and a sealing plate. The lower end of the seismic isolation element is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate. The tensile device is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and is evenly arranged around the seismic isolation element. The tensile device comprises a cylindrical steel box, a rigid rod, a tensile energy dissipation unit and a spring. The lower end of the lower connecting plate is connected to a base with four groups of adjustment mechanisms via chemical anchor bolts.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the building structure via chemical anchor bolts, and the lower connecting plate is limited by chemical anchor bolts and fixedly connected to the base.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the lattice mechanical metamaterial is made of metal powder through 3D printing technology.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the lattice mechanical metamaterial and the steel plate are stacked in an interlaced manner, the lattice mechanical metamaterial is composed of lattice unit cells arranged in an orderly manner, and is manufactured by 3D printing technology, the sealing plate is connected to the upper and lower ends of the lattice mechanical metamaterial, the lattice mechanical metamaterial and the steel plate, and the lattice mechanical metamaterial and the sealing plate are bonded together by welding, and the outer layer of rubber is wrapped around the surface of the lattice mechanical metamaterial and the steel plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the lattice unit cell is a cubic space structure.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the tensile device is connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate respectively through universal hinges.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a circular hole is provided in the middle of the upper end of the cylindrical steel box, a rubber ring is provided around the circular hole, the tensile energy absorption unit is a cylinder of rubber material with a hole in the center, the rigid rod passes through the circular hole and the tensile energy absorption unit and is fixedly connected to the rigid boss, and the spring is respectively fixedly connected to the rigid boss and the inner wall of the bottom end of the cylindrical steel box.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting upper plate and the connecting lower plate are rectangular steel plates, the four groups of adjustment mechanisms are distributed at the four corners of the upper surface of the connecting lower plate, the adjustment mechanism includes a screw sleeve and a screw, the bottom end of the screw sleeve is rotatably arranged with the base, a thread groove is opened inside the screw sleeve, and the screw is arranged in a position inside the screw sleeve through the thread groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial isolation bearing with the following features: Beneficial effects

[0017] 1. The present invention adopts a method of replacing the rubber material in the traditional seismic isolation bearing with a lattice mechanical metamaterial. When an earthquake occurs, the upper connecting plate squeezes the lattice mechanical metamaterial downward, causing the lattice mechanical metamaterial to exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio effect, thereby absorbing a large amount of energy transmitted from the upper connecting plate, thereby improving the shock absorption performance of the seismic isolation bearing. Furthermore, the lattice mechanical metamaterial has good indentation resistance, impact resistance, fracture toughness, permeability variability, and energy absorption performance, resulting in a longer service life. Furthermore, the lattice mechanical metamaterial is made of metal powder through 3D printing technology, is less affected by temperature, and overcomes the temperature dependence of traditional rubber seismic isolation bearings.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses a universal hinge to connect the tensile device between the upper plate and the lower plate. When an earthquake occurs, the tensile device can rotate along with the deformation of the isolation element, thereby enabling the normal operation of the lattice mechanics metamaterial isolation bearing without affecting the shear resistance of the lattice mechanics metamaterial isolation bearing.

[0019] 3. The present invention utilizes rubber material as the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit in the tensile device. When a very large earthquake occurs, the tensile device can maintain normal working performance, thereby improving the tensile strength of the lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing.

[0020] 4. The present invention utilizes four sets of adjustment mechanisms to fine-tune the height of the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing according to construction needs, thereby increasing the applicability of the present invention. Furthermore, the lower plate and the base are fixed by chemical anchor bolts, so that the adjustment mechanism will not affect the stability of the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the main view of the overall structure of the present invention

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention

[0023] Figure 3 The overall structure diagram of the tensile device of the present invention

[0024] Figure 4 The overall structure diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention

[0025] Figure 5 A top view of the overall structure of the present invention

[0026] Figure 6 A top view of the lattice unit cell structure of the present invention

[0027] Figure 7 The overall structure diagram of the lattice unit cell of the present invention

[0028] Figure 8 This is the overall structure diagram of the lattice mechanical metamaterial of the present invention

[0029] In the figure: 1. Connecting the upper plate; 2. Isolation element; 3. Connecting the lower plate; 4. Anti-tensile device; 5. Adjustment mechanism; 6. Base; 7. Chemical anchor bolt; 8. Anti-tensile energy dissipation unit; 9. Spring; 10. Closing plate; 11. Lattice mechanical metamaterial; 12. Steel plate; 13. Lattice unit cell; 14. Threaded groove; 15. Positioning ring; 16. Universal hinge; 17. Outer rubber layer; 18. Rigid boss; 19. Gap between the anti-tensile energy dissipation unit and the cylindrical steel box; 20. Rubber ring; 21. Cylindrical steel box; 22. Rigid rod; 23. Round hole; 24. Screw sleeve; 25. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Example 1

[0031] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing, comprising a connecting upper plate 1, a connecting lower plate 3, a seismic isolation element 2, a tensile device 4 and a base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5, the lower end of the connecting upper plate 1 is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element 2, the seismic isolation element 2 comprises an outer layer of rubber 17, a lattice mechanical metamaterial 11, a steel plate 12 and a sealing plate 10, the lower end of the seismic isolation element 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting lower plate 3, the tensile device 4 is arranged between the connecting upper plate 1 and the connecting lower plate 3, and is evenly arranged around the seismic isolation element 2, the tensile device 4 comprises a cylindrical steel box 21, a rigid rod 22, a tensile energy dissipation unit 8 and a spring 9, and the lower end of the connecting lower plate 3 is connected to the base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5 through a chemical anchor 7.

[0032] Specifically, the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11, steel plate 12 and sealing plate 10 are square, and the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 and steel plate 12 are stacked alternately with each other. The lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 is composed of lattice unit cells 13 arranged in an orderly manner and is manufactured by 3D printing technology. The sealing plate 10 is connected to the upper and lower ends of the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11. The lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 and the steel plate 12, and the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 and the sealing plate 10 are all bonded together by welding, and the outer layer of rubber 17 is wrapped around the surface of the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 and the steel plate 12.

[0033] Specifically, the lattice unit cell 13 is a cubic space structure.

[0034] By stacking the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 and the steel plate 12 in an interlaced manner, when an earthquake occurs, the connecting upper plate 1 presses the seismic isolation element 2 downward, causing the lattice mechanical metamaterial 11 to exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio effect, thereby absorbing a large amount of energy transmitted from the connecting upper plate, thereby improving the shock absorption performance of the seismic isolation bearing. Example 2

[0035] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing, comprising a connecting upper plate 1, a connecting lower plate 3, a seismic isolation element 2, a tensile device 4 and a base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5, the lower end of the connecting upper plate 1 is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element 2, the seismic isolation element 2 comprises an outer layer of rubber 17, a lattice mechanical metamaterial 11, a steel plate 12 and a sealing plate 10, the lower end of the seismic isolation element 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting lower plate 3, the tensile device 4 is arranged between the connecting upper plate 1 and the connecting lower plate 3, and is evenly arranged around the seismic isolation element 2, the tensile device 4 comprises a cylindrical steel box 21, a rigid rod 22, a tensile energy dissipation unit 8 and a spring 9, and the lower end of the connecting lower plate 3 is connected to the base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5 through a chemical anchor 7.

[0036] Specifically, the tensile device 4 is connected to the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 3 through a universal hinge 16, a circular hole 23 is provided in the middle of the upper end of the cylindrical steel box 21, and a rubber ring 20 is provided around the circular hole 23. The tensile energy dissipation unit 8 is a rubber material cylinder with a hole in the center. The rigid rod 22 passes through the circular hole 23 and the tensile energy dissipation unit 8 and is fixedly connected to the rigid boss 18. The spring 9 is fixedly connected to the rigid boss 18 and the inner wall of the bottom end of the cylindrical steel box 21, respectively. The rigid boss 18 is tightly connected to the tensile energy dissipation unit 8, and the rigid boss 18 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical steel box 21.

[0037] When an earthquake occurs, the anti-tensile device 4 can rotate along with the deformation of the seismic isolation element 2, which can realize the normal operation of the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing without affecting its shear resistance. When the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing is subjected to tension, the rigid rod 22 will drive the rigid boss 18 to move upward and squeeze the anti-tensile energy dissipation unit 8. The anti-tensile energy dissipation unit 8 will absorb a large amount of energy, and the spring 9 will provide tension at the same time. The stability of the seismic isolation bearing is maintained through the coordinated action of the anti-tensile energy dissipation unit 8 and the spring 9. Example 3

[0038] See also Figure 1-8The present invention provides a technical solution: a negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing, comprising a connecting upper plate 1, a connecting lower plate 3, a seismic isolation element 2, a tensile device 4 and a base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5, the lower end of the connecting upper plate 1 is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element 2, the seismic isolation element 2 comprises an outer layer of rubber 17, a lattice mechanical metamaterial 11, a steel plate 12 and a sealing plate 10, the lower end of the seismic isolation element 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting lower plate 3, the tensile device 4 is arranged between the connecting upper plate 1 and the connecting lower plate 3, and is evenly arranged around the seismic isolation element 2, the tensile device 4 comprises a cylindrical steel box 21, a rigid rod 22, a tensile energy dissipation unit 8 and a spring 9, and the lower end of the connecting lower plate 3 is connected to the base 6 with four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5 through a chemical anchor 7.

[0039] Specifically, the connecting upper plate 1 and the connecting lower plate 3 are rectangular steel plates, and the four groups of adjustment mechanisms 5 are distributed at the four corners of the upper surface of the connecting lower plate 3. The adjustment mechanism 5 includes a screw sleeve 24 and a screw rod 25. The bottom end of the screw sleeve 24 is rotatably arranged with the base 6. The screw sleeve 24 is arranged on the surface of the connecting lower plate 3 through a groove and a positioning ring 15. A thread groove 14 is opened inside the screw sleeve 24. The screw rod 25 is arranged in the internal position of the screw sleeve 24 through the thread groove 14. The connecting lower plate 3 and the base 6 are fixed by a chemical anchor bolt 7.

[0040] The present invention adjusts the height between the base 6 and the connecting lower plate 3 by rotating the screw sleeve 15 to move the screw rod 25 upward against the connecting lower plate 3. When the connecting lower plate 3 moves to a height that meets the construction requirements, the connecting lower plate 3 and the base 6 are fixed with chemical anchor bolts 7. Therefore, by using four sets of adjustment mechanisms 5, the height of the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing can be fine-tuned according to construction needs, thereby increasing the applicability of the present invention. Furthermore, the connecting lower plate 3 and the base 6 are fixed by chemical anchor bolts, so that the adjustment mechanism 5 will not affect the stability of the lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation bearing.

[0041] The lattice mechanical metamaterial proposed in the present invention is not only applicable to square seismic isolation bearings, but also to other types of seismic isolation bearings such as circular ones.

[0042] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The shape of the lattice mechanical metamaterial is not limited to that presented herein, and the number of layers is not limited to two. Other similar types of seismic isolation devices also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanical metamaterial seismic isolation support, comprising a connecting upper plate (1), a connecting lower plate (3), a seismic isolation element (2), a tensile device (4) and a base (6) with four groups of adjustment mechanisms (5), wherein the lower end of the connecting upper plate (1) is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation element (2), the seismic isolation element (2) comprises an outer layer of rubber (17), a lattice mechanical metamaterial (11), a steel plate (12) and a sealing plate (10), the lower end of the seismic isolation element (2) is fixedly connected to the connecting lower plate (3), the tensile device (4) is arranged between the connecting upper plate (1) and the connecting lower plate (3), and is evenly arranged around the seismic isolation element (2), the tensile device (4) comprises a cylindrical steel box (21), a rigid rod (22), a tensile energy dissipation unit (8) and a spring (9), and the lower end of the connecting lower plate (3) is connected to the base (6) with the four groups of adjustment mechanisms (5) through a chemical anchor bolt (7); Lattice mechanics metamaterials (11) are made of metal powder using 3D printing technology; The lattice mechanical metamaterial (11) and the steel plate (12), as well as the lattice mechanical metamaterial (11) and the sealing plate (10) are bonded together by welding; The lattice mechanical metamaterial (11) and the steel plate (12) are stacked and placed alternately with each other, the sealing plate (10) is connected to the upper and lower ends of the lattice mechanical metamaterial (11), and the outer layer rubber (17) is wrapped around the surfaces of the lattice mechanical metamaterial (11) and the steel plate (12).

2. The negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lattice mechanical metamaterial (11) is composed of orderly arranged lattice unit cells (13), and the lattice unit cells (13) are a cubic space structure.

3. The negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper connecting plate (1) is fixedly connected to the building structure via chemical anchor bolts (7), and the lower connecting plate (3) and the base (6) are limited by chemical anchor bolts (7) and fixedly connected to the building structure.

4. The negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile device (4) is connected to the connecting upper plate (1) and the connecting lower plate (3) respectively through a universal hinge (16); a circular hole (23) is provided in the middle of the upper end of the cylindrical steel box (21); a rubber ring (20) is provided around the circular hole (23); the tensile energy dissipation unit (8) is a rubber material cylinder with a hole in the center; the rigid rod (22) passes through the circular hole (23) and the tensile energy dissipation unit (8) and is fixedly connected to the rigid boss (18); the spring (9) is fixedly connected to the rigid boss (18) and the inner wall of the bottom end of the cylindrical steel box (21), respectively.

5. The negative Poisson's ratio lattice mechanics metamaterial seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting upper plate (1) and the connecting lower plate (3) are rectangular steel plates. The four groups of adjustment mechanisms (5) are distributed at the four corners of the upper surface of the connecting lower plate (3). The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a screw sleeve (24) and a screw rod (25). The bottom end of the screw sleeve (24) is rotatably arranged with the base (6). A thread groove (14) is provided inside the screw sleeve (24). The screw rod (25) is arranged inside the screw sleeve (24) through the thread groove (14).

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